CN113750436A - Environment-friendly efficient aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on perfluoro-branched short-chain fluorocarbon - Google Patents
Environment-friendly efficient aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on perfluoro-branched short-chain fluorocarbon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on perfluoro-branched short-chain fluorocarbon, which consists of 0.5-4% of fluorocarbon surfactant, 10-30% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 5-10% of foam stabilizer, 1-10% of cosolvent, 1-10% of anti-burning agent, 10-20% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1% of preservative and the balance of water, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is perfluoro-branched short-chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant synthesized by using industrial cheap raw material hexafluoropropylene dimer as an initial raw material. The product obtained by the invention contains a quaternary ammonium salt type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant with 5 straight-chain fluorocarbon atoms, has low toxicity and good biodegradability, and shows remarkable synergistic effect when being compounded with a hydrocarbon surfactant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fire-fighting and fire-extinguishing materials, and particularly relates to an aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, and more particularly relates to a high-efficiency environment-friendly foam extinguishing agent based on a perfluorinated branched short-chain amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aqueous film-forming fire foam (AFFF) refers to a class of fire foam that rapidly spreads on the surface of liquid fuel during fire suppression and forms a dense foam layer and water film layer. The dense foam layer and the closed water film layer formed on the surface of the fuel can efficiently prevent the overflow of fuel vapor, and the four functions of evaporation and heat absorption of liquid in the foam, cooling of the surface of the fuel by the liquid separated out from the foam and the like ensure the efficient fire extinguishing performance of the AFFF, which is considered as the fundamental characteristic of the AFFF different from other types of foam extinguishing agents and is also the important reason that the fire extinguishing rate of the AFFF is higher than that of other foam extinguishing agents, and because more than 97 percent of components of the AFFF are water, the AFFF can be widely popularized and used in the international range.
Fluorocarbon surfactants are the core components of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishants (AFFF), and the most widely used fluorocarbon surfactants are known as perfluorooctylsulfonyl compounds (PFOS) and their derivatives. However, PFOS is a toxic organic pollutant that is difficult to degrade, and has persistence and bioaccumulation properties to the environmental pollution. In view of this, the environmental planning agency (UNPA) of united nations proposed a warning of the severity of environmental pollution by PFOS in the report on the risk profile of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) as early as 2006. In 4 months 2009 PFOS and its derivatives were formally listed by UNPA on the controlled list of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) at the college of the stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants. 11/2014, the convention formally takes effect in China, which means that China also gradually reduces and finally stops using the AFFF with the PFOS as the main component. Therefore, the development of novel short fluorocarbon chain surfactants as a replacement for PFOS and its derivatives is essential for the AFFF market.
Throughout the formulation of the water film-forming foam at home and abroad, the water film-forming foam extinguishing agent which meets the requirement of quick and efficient fire extinguishing performance has the mass percent of the fluorocarbon surfactant of more than 4 percent, and the use of the high fluorine content inevitably causes serious ecological environment problems, so the water film-forming foam extinguishing agent has very important significance for researching and developing environment-friendly surfactants, improving various surfactant compounding technologies and seeking the environment-friendly water film-forming foam extinguishing agent with low fluorine content.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The fire extinguishing agent prepared by the formula has the advantages of stable foam, high fire extinguishing speed and good burning resistance.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent consists of an amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant, a foam stabilizer, a cosolvent, an anti-burning agent, an anti-freezing agent, a preservative and water, wherein the mass percentages of the components in the extinguishing agent are as follows:
preferably, the fluorocarbon surfactant is a perfluoro-branched short-chain fluorocarbon nonionic surfactant with a linear fluorocarbon atom of 5.
Specifically, the fluorocarbon surfactant is any one of a benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant I, an alkane side chain nonionic surfactant II, a benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant III or an alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant IV, and the structures of the surfactants are respectively as follows:
preferably, the hydrocarbon surfactant is alkyl sodium sulfate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, amphoteric imidazoline and betaine, wherein the hydrocarbon linear chain of the alkyl sodium sulfate is 6-20 carbon atoms.
Specifically, the hydrocarbon surfactant is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amphoteric imidazoline and dodecyl betaine.
Preferably, the cosolvent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
Preferably, the anti-burning agent is urea.
Preferably, the foam stabilizer is a compound system consisting of 0.3 percent of xanthan gum, 5 percent of PEG-200, 1 percent of dodecanol and 1 percent of isobutanol according to the mass percentage of the components in the fire extinguishing agent.
Preferably, the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the water is deionized water or industrial soft water.
Preferably, the preservative is sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate.
The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: weighing fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon surfactant according to the proportion of the components, mixing and stirring to form a component A, weighing foam stabilizer, cosolvent and water, mixing to form a component B, finally weighing anti-burning agent, anti-freezing agent and preservative, mixing uniformly to form a component C, adding B into A, mixing, slowly adding C into A, and stirring uniformly.
According to the environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, when in use, the extinguishing agent (concentrated solution) and water are mixed according to the volume ratio of 3:97 to prepare solution for extinguishing fire.
According to the environment-friendly high-efficiency aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, the advantages are that:
(1) the invention can be stored and used for a long time and is not easy to decay. The main components of the fire extinguishing agent and the added additive have low fluorine content, no toxicity and no pollution, and belong to environment-friendly products.
(2) The preparation method of the invention does not need heating and filtering, does not generate three wastes, is environment-friendly and energy-saving, and has high production efficiency.
(3) The foam prepared by the invention has good stability and high fire extinguishing efficiency, belongs to a high-efficiency environment-friendly product, and can be widely applied to fire-proof key units such as oil fields, oil depots, ships, submarines, petrochemical products, hangars, airports and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of the benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant.
FIG. 2 is a FNMR picture of the benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is the NMR spectrum of the alkane side chain non-ionic surfactant of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a FNMR map of the alkane side chain nonionic surfactant of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of the benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant.
FIG. 6 is a FNMR picture of the benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is the NMR spectrum of the alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a FNMR map of the alkylether side chain nonionic surfactant of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the essence of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.
According to the invention, from the perspective of high efficiency and environmental protection, a series of perfluorinated branched short-chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactants are prepared, and the nonionic fluorocarbon surfactants and the hydrocarbon surfactants are compounded, so that an excellent synergistic effect is generated when the nonionic fluorocarbon surfactants and the hydrocarbon surfactants are compounded, and the addition of the hydrocarbon surfactants can obviously reduce the surface tension of an aqueous solution of the fluorocarbon surfactants and can also obviously reduce the use concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactants.
The fluorocarbon surfactant used in the invention is a series of perfluorinated branched short-chain fluorocarbon nonionic surfactants synthesized by taking industrial hexafluoropropylene dimer as a raw material, and can reduce the surface tension of water to be less than 20mN/m, which is superior to hydrocarbon surfactants. In addition, the water-soluble foam oil has little environmental pollution, is a green and environment-friendly surfactant, has high thermal stability and chemical stability, and has the function of reducing the surface tension of water, so that the foam solution can form a water film on the oil surface and quickly spread to seal the oil surface, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly extinguishing fire.
The amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant used in the invention is a benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant or an alkane side chain nonionic surfactant or a benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant or an alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant.
The hydrocarbon surfactant used in the invention is alkyl sodium sulfate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, amphoteric imidazoline and betaine with straight hydrocarbon chain of 6-20 carbon atoms, has excellent foaming performance, and can reduce the interfacial tension between the foaming solution and the oil surface.
The cosolvent of the invention uses diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. Not only has the function of helping dissolution, but also can strengthen the stability of the foam.
The anti-burning agent is preferably urea. Besides the anti-burning effect, the urea can further increase the stability of the foam and has a certain dissolution assisting effect.
The foam stabilizer disclosed by the invention uses a compound system of xanthan gum, PEG-200, dodecanol and isobutanol. The compound system as the foam stabilizer has extremely high foam stability, and the foam solution can not generate layering.
The preservative of the invention uses one or two of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate. Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate as food additive have high sterilizing and antiseptic effect and no environmental pollution.
An efficient and environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, comprising: fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, foam stabilizer, cosolvent, anti-burning agent, anti-freezing agent, preservative and water. The paint specifically comprises the following components:
3.3 percent of benzene ring side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 2 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 10 percent of BS-12 (dodecyl betaine), 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
Or 3.3 percent of alkane side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 2 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 10 percent of BS-12 (dodecyl betaine), 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
Or 3.3 percent of benzene ring ether side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 2 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 10 percent of BS-12 (dodecyl betaine), 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
Or 3.3 percent of alkane ether side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 2 percent of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 10 percent of BS-12 (dodecyl betaine), 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
Or 3.3 percent of benzene ring side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 2 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 15 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 10 percent of BS-12 (dodecyl betaine), 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
Or 3.3 percent of benzene ring side chain nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant, 27 percent of imidazoline type zwitterionic hydrocarbon surfactant, 15 percent of ethylene glycol, 5 percent of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5 percent of urea, 7.3 percent of foam stabilizer, 0.5 percent of sodium benzoate and the balance of water.
The synthesis process and the structural representation of the four amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactants are provided below.
(1) 4-bromomethyl benzoate, hexafluoropropylene dimer, anhydrous potassium fluoride and DMF are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to generate a compound 1, then the compound 1 is subjected to hydrolysis reaction to generate a compound 2, the compound 2 is amidated to generate a compound 3, and finally hydrogen peroxide is added into the compound 3 to obtain the benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant. The structural characterization is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2.
1HNMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ7.82(d,J＝8.3Hz,2H),7.47(d,J＝8.0Hz,2H),3.91(t,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.76(s,2H),3.66(t,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.34(s,6H).
19FNMR(376MHz,CD3OD)δ-63.37(p,J＝11.4Hz,6F),-81.66(t,J＝13.7Hz,3F),-106.64(tt,J＝24.5,12.3Hz,2F),-123.61 to-124.01(m,2F)。
(2) Reacting hexafluoropropylene dimer, tetrabutylammonium bromide, DMF, anhydrous KF and ethyl bromoacetate to generate a compound 4 under argon atmosphere, then carrying out hydrolysis reaction on the compound 4 to generate a compound 5, amidating the compound 5 to generate a compound 6, and finally adding hydrogen peroxide into the compound 6 to obtain the alkane side chain nonionic surfactant. The structural characterization is shown in fig. 3 and 4.
1HNMR(400MHz,D2O)δ3.71(t,J＝6.7Hz,2H),3.48(t,J＝6.6Hz,2H),3.29(s,2H),3.25(s,6H).
19FNMR(376MHz,D2O)δ-62.80 to-63.48(m,6F),-80.30(t,J＝13.4Hz,3F),-107.70(s,2F),-122.72to-123.33(m,2F)。
(3) In an ice-water bath, dissolving KOH in absolute ethyl alcohol and stirring for 0.5 hour, then dropwise adding perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentanol at room temperature, and reacting for 2 hours to obtain a compound 7; reacting the compound 7, 4-bromomethyl benzoate and anhydrous DMAC in a closed container at room temperature and stirring for 24 hours to obtain a compound 8; carrying out hydrolysis reaction on the compound 8 to obtain a compound 9; amidating compound 9 to produce compound 10; finally, hydrogen peroxide is added into the compound 10 to obtain the benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant. The structural characterization is shown in fig. 5 and 6.
1HNMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ:7.87(d,J＝8.2Hz,2H),7.47(d,J＝8.2Hz,2H),5.17(s,2H),3.90(t,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.67(t,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.35(s,6H)；
19FNMR(376MHz,CD3OD)δ:-68.28to-68.45(m,6F),-82.09(t,J＝12.2Hz,3F),-113.84to-114.19(m,2F),-124.56 to-125.08(m,2F)。
(4) Nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out on the compound 7, ethyl bromoacetate and DMAC to generate a compound 11, and then the compound 11 is subjected to hydrolysis reaction to obtain a compound 12. And amidating the compound 12 to generate a compound 13, and finally adding hydrogen peroxide into the compound 13 to obtain the alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant. The structural characterization is shown in fig. 7 and 8.
1HNMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ4.41(s,2H),3.96-3.87(m,2F),3.67(t,J＝5.7Hz,2H),3.45(s,6H).
19FNMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-68.41to-68.60(m,6F),-81.96(t,J＝12.5Hz,3F),-113.94to-114.14(m,2F),-125.07 to-125.40(m,2F).
Example 1:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15kg of imidazoline and 10kg of dodecyl betaine, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Example 2:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of alkane side chain nonionic surfactant, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15kg of imidazoline and 10kg of dodecyl betaine, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Example 3:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15kg of imidazoline and 10kg of dodecyl betaine, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Example 4:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant, 2kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 15kg of imidazoline and 10kg of dodecyl betaine, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Example 5:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant, 2kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 15kg of imidazoline and 10kg of dodecyl betaine, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Example 6:
respectively weighing 3.3kg of benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant and 27kg of imidazoline, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
Comparative example:
weighing 3.3kg of benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant to form a compound A; weighing 5kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 2005 kg of PEG, 1kg of dodecanol, 1kg of isobutanol and 30kg of water, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture B; adding B into A and stirring; weighing 5kg of urea and 15kg of glycol, uniformly mixing, slowly adding into the A, adding 0.5kg of sodium benzoate, finally adding water to 100kg, and uniformly stirring.
The solution prepared by mixing the product of the comparative example and water according to the volume ratio of 3:97 is tested according to the national inspection standard GB15308-2006, the expansion coefficient is negative, and the water film cannot spread on the oil surface and does not have the efficiency of fire extinguishing.
The solution prepared by mixing the fire extinguishing agent products of the embodiments 1-6 and water according to the volume ratio of 3:97 has all the physicochemical properties and the fire extinguishing property meeting the requirements of GB 15308-2006. The product self-inspection is tested according to national standard GB15308-2006, and each technical index is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the perfluoro branched short-chain amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant is prepared by taking industrialized cheap hexafluoropropylene dimer as an initial raw material through a series of reactions under mild reaction conditions. The reaction process is easy to operate, high in yield, low in cost and easy to industrially amplify. The product of the invention reduces the usage amount of the fluorocarbon surfactant by compounding with the hydrocarbon surfactant, thereby further reducing the cost of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
2. High fire extinguishing efficiency and strong burning resistance.
3. Is green and environment-friendly. The used hydrocarbon surfactant has little toxic and side effect on the environment and is a green and environment-friendly substance; the fluorocarbon surfactant is a novel amine oxide type nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant with a straight-chain fluorocarbon atom of 5, and has low toxicity, good biodegradability and less environmental pollution; diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol, PEG-200, dodecanol and isobutanol are all organic compounds widely used in various chemical industries, and have small environmental pollution; urea is one of the most common organic fertilizers, and has negligible harm to the environment as the anti-burning agent of the invention; the xanthan gum is a common food additive, is used as the foam stabilizer of the invention, has no toxic or side effect on the ecological environment, and the preservative adopts potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate, both of which are common food additives, and has no toxic or side effect. Therefore, the product of the invention is an environment-friendly product.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is a perfluorinated branched short chain fluorocarbon nonionic surfactant having a linear fluorocarbon atom of 5.
3. The fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluorocarbon surfactant is any one of benzene ring side chain nonionic surfactant i, alkane side chain nonionic surfactant ii, benzene ring ether side chain nonionic surfactant iii or alkane ether side chain nonionic surfactant iv, and the structure thereof is as follows:
4. the fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon surfactant is sodium alkyl sulfate having a hydrocarbon straight chain of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, amphoteric imidazoline, or betaine.
5. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1 or 4, wherein the hydrocarbon surfactant is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, amphoteric imidazoline, and dodecyl betaine.
6. The fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, wherein the co-solvent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the anti-burning agent is urea; the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol; the preservative is sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate; the foam stabilizer is any one or more of xanthan gum, PEG-200, dodecanol and isobutanol.
7. The fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is a compound system consisting of 0.3% of xanthan gum, 5% of PEG-200, 1% of dodecanol and 1% of isobutanol.
8. A method for preparing the fire extinguishing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fluorocarbon surfactant and the hydrocarbon surfactant are weighed according to the proportion of the components, mixed and stirred to form a component A, the foam stabilizer, the cosolvent and the water are weighed, mixed to form a component B, finally, the anti-burning agent, the anti-freezing agent and the preservative are weighed, mixed uniformly to form a component C, the component B is added into the component A, mixed, slowly added into the component A, and stirred uniformly.
9. Use of a fire extinguishing agent according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent is mixed with water in a volume ratio of 3:97 to form a solution for extinguishing fires.
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