CN110478847B - Environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon - Google Patents
Environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN110478847B CN110478847B CN201910934597.XA CN201910934597A CN110478847B CN 110478847 B CN110478847 B CN 110478847B CN 201910934597 A CN201910934597 A CN 201910934597A CN 110478847 B CN110478847 B CN 110478847B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
- A62D1/0085—Foams containing perfluoroalkyl-terminated surfactant
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which comprises, by weight, 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent and the balance of water. The invention enables the fire extinguishing agent to have excellent fire extinguishing performance under the interaction of the components with the content. The fire extinguishing agent has excellent foaming performance and stability, high fire extinguishing speed and long re-burning resisting time. The fire extinguishing agent does not contain PFOS, is not easy to be enriched in the environment and organisms, and does not cause environmental pollution. The fire extinguishing agent has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon.
Background
An Aqueous Film-Forming Foam extinguishing Agent (AFFF), also called light water Foam extinguishing agent, is a high-efficiency extinguishing agent developed in the 60's of the 20 th century internationally, takes fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon surfactant as base materials and can form a water Film on the surface of certain hydrocarbon liquids, thereby having the double fire extinguishing functions of Foam and the water Film. Among all fire extinguishants currently used to extinguish oil fires, AFFF is recognized worldwide as the best performing agent.
The key component in the traditional AFFF is long-chain fluorocarbon surfactant-perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS) and derivatives thereof, which are the highest surface activity of all the surfactants at present and determine the fire extinguishing performance of the AFFF to a great extent. Since PFOS is not easily degraded in the environment and is easy to accumulate and migrate along with the biological chain, PFOS is listed as a "persistent organic pollutants" (POPs) by the Stockholm convention and is limited in use worldwide.
The limited use of PFOS results in a reduction in the performance of conventional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishants. Research shows that the pollution problem of the long-chain fluorocarbon surfactant can be solved if the number of carbon atoms in the long-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is reduced from C8-C10 to C4-C6. In the prior patent, the technology of preparing AFFF by using fluorocarbon surfactant containing four carbon atoms (C4) is adopted, but the fluorocarbon structure is complex, so the production difficulty and the cost are high; in addition, the AFFF prepared by replacing long-chain fluorocarbon with the C4 fluorocarbon surfactant has reduced performances.
Therefore, the research on the environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent based on the short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant with excellent performance has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which has excellent fire extinguishing performance.
The invention provides an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which comprises, by weight, 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent and the balance of water.
Preferably, the C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is selected from amphoteric perfluoroalkyl amine oxide and/or anionic perfluorodiethanolamine neutralized phosphate.
Preferably, the amphoteric perfluoroalkylamine oxide is selected from DuPontTM FS-51；
The anionic perfluorinated diethanolamine neutralized phosphate ester is selected from ChemguardTM S-761P。
Preferably, the hydrocarbon surfactant is selected from oligomeric D-glucopyranose nonionic surfactants and/or sodium sulfonate anionic surfactants.
Preferably, the type of the sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant is selected from
BIO-TERGE AS-40。
Preferably, the plant polysaccharide is selected from one or more of sodium alginate diester, 6-deoxy-L-galactose and tara gum.
Preferably, the ion complexing agent is selected from diaminoethylene tetraacetate and/or tetrasodium iminodisuccinate;
the antifreeze agent is selected from one or more of butyl carbitol, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol and tetraglyme;
the bacteriostatic agent is selected from 2, 4-potassium hexadienoate and/or sodium diacetate.
Preferably, the C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant accounts for 3%; 10% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 14% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 5% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 6% of hydrocarbon surfactant.
The invention provides an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which comprises, by weight, 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent and the balance of water. The invention enables the fire extinguishing agent to have excellent fire extinguishing performance under the interaction of the components with the content. The fire extinguishing agent has excellent foaming performance and stability, high fire extinguishing speed and long re-burning resisting time. The fire extinguishing agent does not contain PFOS, is not easy to be enriched in the environment and organisms, and does not cause environmental pollution. The fire extinguishing agent has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The experimental results show that: the foaming times of the fire extinguishing agent are 6.97-7.3; the 25% liquid separating time is 3.14-3.81; the fire extinguishing time (strong application) is 31-49 s; the 25% burn-resistant time (forced application) is 13.7-21.03 min.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which comprises, by weight, 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent and the balance of water.
In weight percentThe environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon comprises 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant. The fluorocarbon surfactant is the main component of the fire extinguishing agent, is not easy to enrich in the environment and in organisms, does not cause the problem of environmental pollution, and can ensure that the formula has lower surface tension and good spreading performance. The C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is preferably C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, and is more preferably selected from amphoteric perfluoroalkyl amine oxide and/or anionic perfluorodiethanolamine neutralized phosphate; the amphoteric perfluoroalkyl amine oxide is selected from DuPontTMFS-51; the anionic perfluorinated diethanolamine neutralized phosphate ester is selected from ChemguardTMS-761P. In a specific embodiment, the percentage content of the C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant in the fire extinguishing agent is 3%. In a specific embodiment, the C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is a mixture of FS-51 and S-761P in a mass ratio of 2: 1.
The fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, preferably 5-15%; the hydrocarbon surfactant is preferably selected from oligomeric D-glucopyranose nonionic surfactants and/or sodium sulfonate anionic surfactants. The hydrocarbon surfactant is the main foaming agent of the invention, which can provide abundant foam and can also reduce the interfacial tension between the fuel and the foam solution. The sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant is selected from sodium sulfonate anionic surfactants
BIO-TERGE AS-40. In specific embodiments, the hydrocarbon surfactant is present in an amount of 10%, 14%, 5%, or 6% of the fire extinguishing agent; the hydrocarbon surfactant is oligomeric D-glucopyranose; or a mixture of oligomeric D-glucopyranose and AS-40 in a mass ratio of 2: 3; or a mixture of oligomeric D-glucopyranose and AS-40 in a mass ratio of 2: 4.
The fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, preferably 0.3-3%. The plant polysaccharide is preferably one or more selected from sodium alginate diester, 6-deoxy-L-galactose and tara gum. The plant polysaccharide can improve the foam stability of the fire extinguishing agent and the burning resistance of the formula. In a specific embodiment, the plant polysaccharide accounts for 0.3% of the weight of the fire extinguishing agent. In a specific embodiment, the plant polysaccharide is 6-deoxy-L-galactose.
The fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, and preferably 3-4%. The ion complexing agent can reduce the hardness of hard water and remove harmful ions, so that the salt resistance and the hard water resistance of a mixed system are improved. The ion complexing agent is preferably selected from diamino ethylene tetraacetate and/or tetrasodium iminodisuccinate. In a specific embodiment, the ion complexing agent accounts for 4% of the fire extinguishing agent by mass; the ion complexing agent is tetrasodium iminodisuccinate.
The fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises 10-25% of anti-freezing agent, and preferably 13-20%. The antifreeze agent can reduce the freezing point of the solution and improve the solubility of various substances in the solution. The anti-freeze agent is preferably selected from one or more of butyl carbitol, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol and tetraglyme. In a specific embodiment, the antifreeze accounts for 13 percent of the fire extinguishing agent; the antifreeze agent is a mixture of 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol and tetraglyme in a mass ratio of 10: 3.
The fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention comprises 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent, and preferably 0.4%. The bacteriostatic agent is preferably selected from potassium 2, 4-hexadienoate and/or sodium diacetate. The bacteriostatic agent can inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the fire extinguishing agent and prolong the shelf life of the product. In particular embodiments, the bacteriostatic agent is selected from sodium hydrogen diacetate; the bacteriostatic agent accounts for 0.4 percent of the mass of the fire extinguishing agent.
The rest of the fire extinguishing agent provided by the invention is water.
In the invention, the fire extinguishing agent preferably comprises 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 10% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 14% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 5% of hydrocarbon surfactant;
or 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant; 6% of hydrocarbon surfactant.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the fire extinguishing agent consists of the following raw materials: FS-512%, S-161P 1%, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 10%, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10%, tetraglyme 3%, 6-deoxy-L-galactose 0.3%, sodium hydrogen diacetate 0.4%, tetrasodium iminodisuccinate 4%, and the balance of water;
or FS-512%, S-161P 1%, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 14%, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10%, tetraglyme 3%, 6-deoxy-L-galactose 0.3%, sodium diacetate 0.4%, tetrasodium iminodisuccinate 4%, and water in balance;
or FS-512%, S-161P 1%, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 2%, AS-403%, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10%, tetraglyme 3%, 6-deoxy-L-galactose 0.3%, sodium diacetate 0.4%, tetrasodium iminodisuccinate 4%, and balance water;
or FS-512%, S-161P 1%, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 2%, AS-404%, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10%, tetraglyme 3%, 6-deoxy-L-galactose 0.3%, sodium diacetate 0.4%, tetrasodium iminodisuccinate 4%, and balance water.
In the invention, the short-chain fluorocarbon-based environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is preferably prepared by the following method:
mixing a C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, a hydrocarbon surfactant and an antifreeze agent to obtain a first mixture; dissolving the first mixture in part of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first mixture solution;
mixing plant polysaccharide, an ion complexing agent and a bacteriostatic agent to obtain a second mixture;
and mixing the second mixture with the first mixture solution, and adding the rest of water to obtain the short-chain fluorocarbon-based environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
In the invention, when in use, the fire extinguishing agent is preferably mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 3:97 to prepare a solution for extinguishing fire.
The fire extinguishing agent belongs to non-temperature sensitive foam liquid.
For further illustration of the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe the environmentally friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short chain fluorocarbon in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) FS-512 kg, S-161P 1kg, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 10kg, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10kg and tetraglyme 3kg are respectively weighed and slowly added into a reaction kettle, the stirring is started, and the stirring speed is 600 revolutions per minute.
(2) After the sample is dissolved, 60kg of water is slowly added into the reaction kettle and fully stirred.
(3) Weighing 0.3kg of 6-deoxy-L-galactose, 0.4kg of sodium diacetate and 4kg of tetrasodium iminodisuccinate again, dry-mixing the three materials uniformly, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 2 hours, and adding water to 100kg to obtain the product.
Example 2:
(1) FS-512 kg, S-161P 1kg, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 14kg, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10kg and tetraglyme 3kg are respectively weighed and slowly added into a reaction kettle, the stirring is started, and the stirring speed is 600 revolutions per minute.
(2) After the sample is dissolved, 60kg of water is slowly added into the reaction kettle and fully stirred.
(3) Weighing 0.3kg of 6-deoxy-L-galactose, 0.4kg of sodium diacetate and 4kg of tetrasodium iminodisuccinate again, dry-mixing the three materials uniformly, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 2 hours, and adding water to 100kg to obtain the product.
Example 3:
(1) FS-512 kg, S-161P 1kg, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 2kg, AS-403kg, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10kg and tetraglyme 3kg are respectively weighed and slowly added into a reaction kettle, stirring is started, and the stirring speed is 600 revolutions per minute.
(2) After the sample is dissolved, 60kg of water is slowly added into the reaction kettle and fully stirred.
(3) Weighing 0.3kg of 6-deoxy-L-galactose, 0.4kg of sodium diacetate and 4kg of tetrasodium iminodisuccinate again, dry-mixing the three materials uniformly, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 2 hours, and adding water to 100kg to obtain the product.
Example 4:
(1) FS-512 kg, S-161P 1kg, oligomeric D-glucopyranose 2kg, AS-404kg, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol 10kg and tetraglyme 3kg are respectively weighed and slowly added into a reaction kettle, stirring is started, and the stirring speed is 600 revolutions per minute.
(2) After the sample is dissolved, 60kg of water is slowly added into the reaction kettle and fully stirred.
(3) Weighing 0.3kg of 6-deoxy-L-galactose, 0.4kg of sodium diacetate and 4kg of tetrasodium iminodisuccinate again, dry-mixing the three materials uniformly, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle, continuously stirring for 2 hours, and adding water to 100kg to obtain the product.
The above examples 1 to 4 were mixed with water in a mass ratio of 3:97 to prepare a solution for extinguishing fire. The product of the invention is self-checked according to the national standard GB15308-2006 of foam extinguishing agent, and all physicochemical properties and fire extinguishing properties of the solution meet the standard requirements, and the product belongs to non-temperature sensitive foam liquid, and the specific test results are shown in the following table 1, wherein the table 1 is the performance test result of the fire extinguishing agent prepared in the embodiments 1-4 of the invention:
TABLE 1 Performance test results for fire extinguishing agents prepared in inventive examples 1-4
From the above embodiments, the invention provides an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon, which comprises, by weight, 3-10% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 3-25% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.1-4.5% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent, and the balance of water. The invention enables the fire extinguishing agent to have excellent fire extinguishing performance under the interaction of the components with the content. The fire extinguishing agent has excellent foaming performance and stability, high fire extinguishing speed and long re-burning resisting time. The fire extinguishing agent does not contain PFOS, is not easy to be enriched in the environment and organisms, and does not cause environmental pollution. The fire extinguishing agent has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The experimental results show that: the foaming times of the fire extinguishing agent are 6.97-7.3; the 25% liquid separating time is 3.14-3.81; the fire extinguishing time (strong application) is 31-49 s; the 25% burn-resistant time (forced application) is 13.7-21.03 min.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent based on short-chain fluorocarbon comprises, by weight, 3% of C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant, 10% or 14% of hydrocarbon surfactant, 0.3-3% of plant polysaccharide, 0.5-4.5% of ion complexing agent, 10-25% of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1.5% of bacteriostatic agent and the balance of water;
the C4-C6 short-chain fluorocarbon surfactant is selected from amphoteric perfluoroalkyl amine oxide and anionic perfluorodiethanolamine neutralized phosphate; the amphoteric perfluoroalkyl amine oxide is selected from DuPontTMFS-51; the anionic perfluorinated diethanolamine neutralized phosphate ester is selected from ChemguardTMS-761P；
The hydrocarbon surfactant is selected from an oligomeric D-glucopyranose nonionic surfactant and a sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant; the sodium sulfonate anionic surfactant is selected from Stepan® BIO-TERGE AS-40；
The plant polysaccharide is selected from 6-deoxy-L-galactose;
the ion complexing agent is selected from diamino ethylene tetraacetate and/or tetrasodium iminodisuccinate;
the antifreeze agent is selected from one or more of butyl carbitol, 1, 2-diethylidene alcohol and tetraglyme;
the bacteriostatic agent is selected from 2, 4-potassium hexadienoate and/or sodium diacetate.
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| CN114100051B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-09-23 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent composition, aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114796964B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-07-28 | 珠海金禹科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly water-based extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114602113B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-03-17 | 珠海金禹科技有限公司 | Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114748828A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-15 | 西安科技大学 | Efficient environment-friendly NP-foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN114796965B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-08-15 | 重庆康普化学工业股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly fluorine-containing water film-forming fire extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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