CN113398522A - Seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113398522A CN113398522A CN202110674027.9A CN202110674027A CN113398522A CN 113398522 A CN113398522 A CN 113398522A CN 202110674027 A CN202110674027 A CN 202110674027A CN 113398522 A CN113398522 A CN 113398522A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of fluorine-containing surfactant, 5-20% of seawater-resistant foaming agent, 5-20% of organic solvent, 2-10% of cosolvent, 0.3-0.6% of anti-burning agent, 0.1-0.5% of complexing agent, 0.1-0.5% of bactericide and the balance of pure water; it also discloses a preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent. The invention has the beneficial effects that: high foaming times, stable foam, high fire extinguishing speed, good burning resistance and less environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting foam extinguishing agents, in particular to a seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
An aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) fire extinguishing agent, also known as a "light water" foam fire extinguishing agent, refers to a foam fire extinguishing agent capable of forming a layer of water film on the surface of liquid fuel. The core component of the water-based flame retardant is fluorine-containing surfactant, and hydrocarbon surfactant, organic solvent, cosolvent, anti-burning agent, complexing agent, bactericide and the like are added in an auxiliary manner. In the process of fire extinguishing, the fluorine-containing surfactant can greatly reduce the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension of oil-water two phases, so that the fluorine-containing surfactant can quickly spread on the surface of a hydrocarbon liquid and form a stable water film. The water film can play a role in extinguishing fire from three aspects: firstly, the contact between oil products and oxygen can be blocked, so that oil fire is extinguished due to oxygen deficiency; secondly, the evaporation of the water film can absorb a large amount of heat, so that the surface temperature of the oil product is greatly reduced; thirdly, the water film itself can restrain the volatilization of oil, further plays the effect of putting out a fire. In addition, the foam has a shielding effect on flame, and can effectively reduce heat radiation. The water film-forming foam is particularly suitable for large-scale flammable liquid fires, and is one of the most effective fire extinguishing agents for fighting class B fires (including liquid fires and meltable solid matter fires). Because of the obvious advantages of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent in extinguishing B-type fire, the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is widely used for extinguishing fire in places such as oil fields, oil refineries, oil depots, docks, airports and the like. Especially, the method is widely applied to large ships, offshore oil and gas drilling platforms, oil storage tank areas and other areas.
In the production of the existing aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, most of the fluorine-containing surfactants are C8 fluorocarbon surfactants, such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), ammonium Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and the like. When the foam fire extinguishing agent is used for fire extinguishing, the fire extinguishing agent residue is discharged into the environment together with water, and the C8 fluorocarbon surfactant is one of the most difficult-to-degrade organic pollutants found in the world at present, has the possibility of persistence, biological accumulation and long-distance environmental migration, can be accumulated in human bodies and animal bodies, is not easy to discharge, and has greater toxicity to the environment and organisms. The hazard of C8-type fluorocarbon surfactants to human health and the ecological environment is receiving increasing attention. In recent years, as aqueous film-forming foam extinguishants are popularized and used worldwide, environmental problems caused by the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishants are receiving wide attention. The Stockholm convention lists the core ingredients in traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishants-long-chain fluorocarbon surfactants perfluorooctanoic acid and salts (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and salts thereof into the ranks of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), and has strict limitations on production and use.
In order to meet the requirements of the 'stockholm convention', the research of the water film-forming foam extinguishing agent at home and abroad is developed towards the environment protection direction at present. Research shows that the pollution problem of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent can be solved if the number of carbon atoms in fluorocarbon surfactant groups in the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is reduced from C8-C10 to C6 or below. Researches have been carried out to synthesize fluorocarbon surfactant for aqueous film-forming foam based on perfluorobutyl (C4F9-), and develop corresponding aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent formula. But the fluorocarbon surfactant used in the formula has high concentration and high cost, and is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and use. On the other hand, excessively reducing the number of carbon atoms of the fluorocarbon surfactant results in a large loss of various properties of the aqueous film-forming foam. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the basic performance, the development of the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent without PFOA, PFOS and salts thereof has important significance.
In recent years, the requirements on the fire extinguishing agent at home and abroad gradually tend to the characteristics of environmental protection, multifunction, high efficiency and the like. The dry powder extinguishing agent has obvious limitation, can not extinguish large-area oil and alcohol fires, also has the ability of re-burning resistance and has harm to human bodies and the environment. Therefore, the development and production of the C6 type fluorocarbon surfactant for producing the environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent have great significance. The research reports that the C6 type fluorocarbon surfactant is used for the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent are few in China, and the C6 type fluorocarbon surfactant with the fire extinguishing effect reaching the C8 effect is not really researched and produced in China. Therefore, a seawater-resistant environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent which has high foaming multiple, stable foam, high fire extinguishing speed and good burning resistance and reduces the pollution to the environment and a preparation method thereof are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent which has high foaming multiple, stable foam, high fire extinguishing speed, good burning resistance and reduced environmental pollution, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of fluorine-containing surfactant, 5-20% of seawater-resistant foaming agent, 5-20% of organic solvent, 2-10% of cosolvent, 0.3-0.6% of anti-burning agent, 0.1-0.5% of complexing agent, 0.1-0.5% of bactericide and the balance of pure water.
The fluorine-containing surfactant is at least one of nonionic fluorine-containing surfactant and zwitterionic fluorine-containing surfactant.
The seawater-resistant foaming agent is one or more of alkyl glycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
The organic solvent is any one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
The cosolvent is urea.
The anti-burning agent is at least one of xanthan gum and sodium alginate.
The complexing agent is at least one of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
The bactericide is at least one of glutaraldehyde and isothiazolinone.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: adding an anti-burning agent and pure water into a reaction kettle, pre-dispersing and dissolving under high-speed stirring, adding a fluorine-containing surfactant, a seawater-resistant foaming agent, an organic solvent, a cosolvent, a complexing agent and a bactericide according to a mass fraction ratio, stirring for 1-1.1 h to ensure that the system is uniform, adding a pH regulator, regulating the pH to 6.8-7.5, uniformly stirring, and standing for a period of time, thereby preparing the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
The application of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is used for extinguishing B-type oil fire.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the finished product seawater-resistant environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent prepared by the invention is suitable for fresh water and seawater foaming fire extinguishing, has little change of foam performance and fire extinguishing performance after being mixed with seawater or fresh water according to a using mixing ratio, high foaming multiple, long 25% liquid separating time and stable foam, can quickly seal burning steam to realize quick fire extinguishing, and has the technical advantages of good foam heat resistance, long burning resistant time, long product storage period and the like.
2. The finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent prepared by the invention does not contain perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid ammonium (PFOA), is an environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent with non-temperature and water quality sensitivity, reduces the pollution to the environment and has quick fire extinguishing performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following:
the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of fluorine-containing surfactant, 5-20% of seawater-resistant foaming agent, 5-20% of organic solvent, 2-10% of cosolvent, 0.3-0.6% of anti-burning agent, 0.1-0.5% of complexing agent, 0.1-0.5% of bactericide and the balance of pure water.
The fluorine-containing surfactant is at least one of nonionic fluorine-containing surfactant and zwitterionic fluorine-containing surfactant. The seawater-resistant foaming agent is one or more of alkyl glycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The organic solvent is any one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. The cosolvent is urea. The anti-burning agent is at least one of xanthan gum and sodium alginate. The complexing agent is at least one of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate. The bactericide is at least one of glutaraldehyde and isothiazolinone.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: adding an anti-burning agent and pure water into a reaction kettle, pre-dispersing and dissolving under high-speed stirring, adding a fluorine-containing surfactant, a seawater-resistant foaming agent, an organic solvent, a cosolvent, a complexing agent and a bactericide according to a mass fraction ratio, stirring for 1-1.1 h to ensure that the system is uniform, adding a pH regulator, regulating the pH to 6.8-7.5, uniformly stirring, and standing for a period of time, thereby preparing the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent. The application of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is used for extinguishing B-type oil fire.
The first embodiment is as follows: an environment-friendly seawater-resistant aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 5kg of alkyl glycoside, 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 50kg of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 5kg of urea, 0.2kg of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.1kg of glutaraldehyde and 70kg of pure water.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.3kg of xanthan gum and 70kg of pure water into a 100L reaction kettle, and pre-dispersing and dissolving under high-speed stirring
S2, after the xanthan gum is fully dissolved and mixed, slowly adding 2kg of nonionic fluorine-containing surfactant into the reaction kettle, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s3, adding 5kg of alkyl glycoside and 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, and fully stirring and dissolving uniformly;
s4, after the materials are fully dissolved, slowly and sequentially adding 50kg of ethylene glycol and 50kg of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and uniformly stirring;
s5, adding 5kg of urea, 0.2kg of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 0.1kg of glutaraldehyde, and stirring to dissolve uniformly;
s6, after fully mixing and dissolving, adding a proper amount of soda ash, stopping stirring when the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then settling, filtering and packaging to obtain the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
Example two: an environment-friendly seawater-resistant aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises 0.5kg of sodium alginate, 3kg of amphoteric fluorine-containing surfactant, 3kg of alkyl glycoside, 9kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2kg of glycerol, 15kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 2kg of urea, 0.1kg of tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 0.2kg of isothiazolinone and 70kg of pure water.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.5kg of sodium alginate and 70kg of pure water into a 100L reaction kettle, and performing pre-dispersion dissolution under high-speed stirring;
s2, after the sodium alginate is fully dissolved and mixed, slowly adding 3kg of amphoteric fluorine-containing surfactant into the reaction kettle, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s3, adding 3kg of alkyl glycoside and 9kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, and fully stirring and dissolving uniformly;
s4, after the materials are fully dissolved, slowly and sequentially adding 2kg of glycerol and 15kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and uniformly stirring;
s5, adding 2kg of urea, 0.1kg of tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 0.2kg of isothiazolinone, and stirring to dissolve uniformly;
s6, after fully mixing and dissolving, adding a proper amount of sodium hydroxide, stopping stirring when the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then settling, filtering and packaging to obtain the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
Example three: an environment-friendly seawater-resistant aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises 0.6kg of xanthan gum, 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 1kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10kg of urea, 0.5kg of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.3kg of glutaraldehyde and 70kg of pure water.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.6kg of xanthan gum and 70kg of pure water into a 100L reaction kettle, and pre-dispersing and dissolving under high-speed stirring
S2, after the xanthan gum is fully dissolved and mixed, slowly adding 4kg of nonionic fluorine-containing surfactant into the reaction kettle, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s3, adding 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 6kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and fully stirring and dissolving uniformly;
s4, after the materials are fully dissolved, slowly and sequentially adding 10kg of ethylene glycol and 3kg of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and uniformly stirring;
s5, adding 10kg of urea, 0.5kg of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 0.3kg of glutaraldehyde, and stirring to dissolve uniformly;
s6, after fully mixing and dissolving, adding a proper amount of triethanolamine, stopping stirring when the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then settling, filtering and packaging to obtain the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
Example four: an environment-friendly seawater-resistant aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises 0.4kg of sodium alginate, 3kg of alkyl glycoside, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, 2kg of ethylene glycol, 3kg of glycerol, 6kg of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 8kg of urea, 0.3kg of tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 0.5kg of isothiazolinone and 70kg of pure water.
The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 0.4kg of sodium alginate and 70kg of pure water into a 100L reaction kettle, and performing pre-dispersion dissolution under high-speed stirring;
s2, after the sodium alginate is fully dissolved and mixed, slowly adding 5kg of amphoteric fluorine-containing surfactant into the reaction kettle, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s3, adding 3kg of alkyl glycoside, 4kg of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 8kg of cocamidopropyl betaine, and fully stirring and dissolving uniformly;
s4, after the materials are fully dissolved, slowly adding 2kg of ethylene glycol, 3kg of glycerol and 6kg of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether in sequence, and uniformly stirring;
s5, adding 8kg of urea, 0.3kg of tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 0.5kg of isothiazolinone, and stirring to dissolve uniformly;
s6, after fully mixing and dissolving, adding a proper amount of sodium bicarbonate, stopping stirring when the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-8.0, and then settling, filtering and packaging to obtain the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
The finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent in the first, second, third and fourth embodiments is respectively tested according to the national standard GB 15308-2006 of foam extinguishing agent, and the physical and chemical properties and fire extinguishing properties of the solution meet the standard requirements, and the test results are as follows:
as can be seen from the test results table: when the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is used for extinguishing B-type oil fire, the burning resistance time is prolonged, and the burning resistance is improved; the fire extinguishing time is obviously shortened; the liquid separation time is increased by 25 percent; the foaming times are obviously improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is characterized in that: the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-5% of fluorine-containing surfactant, 5-20% of seawater-resistant foaming agent, 5-20% of organic solvent, 2-10% of cosolvent, 0.3-0.6% of anti-burning agent, 0.1-0.5% of complexing agent, 0.1-0.5% of bactericide and the balance of pure water.
2. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fluorine-containing surfactant is at least one of nonionic fluorine-containing surfactant and zwitterionic fluorine-containing surfactant.
3. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the seawater-resistant foaming agent is one or more of alkyl glycoside, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
4. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic solvent is any one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether.
5. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cosolvent is urea.
6. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anti-burning agent is at least one of xanthan gum and sodium alginate.
7. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the complexing agent is at least one of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
8. The seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bactericide is at least one of glutaraldehyde and isothiazolinone.
9. The preparation method of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps: adding an anti-burning agent and pure water into a reaction kettle, pre-dispersing and dissolving under high-speed stirring, adding a fluorine-containing surfactant, a seawater-resistant foaming agent, an organic solvent, a cosolvent, a complexing agent and a bactericide according to a mass fraction ratio, stirring for 1-1.1 h to ensure that the system is uniform, adding a pH regulator, regulating the pH to 6.8-7.5, uniformly stirring, and standing for a period of time, thereby preparing the finished seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
10. The application of the seawater-resistant environment-friendly aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: used for extinguishing B-type oil fire.
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| CN114796964A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-29 | 珠海金禹科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly water-based extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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