CN100571820C - High-concentration cold-resistant sea-water type water-to-film foam fire extinguishant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fire foam, especially a kind of have high concentration, can be under-17 ℃ of low temperature, can with seawater or fresh water ratio mixed foaming in 1: 99, efficiently put out the fire foam of oil fire.Its raw material is formed and is comprised: fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, organic silicon surfactant, stablize coupling agent, chelating agent, sprawl anti-burning agent, bacteriostatic agent and water.By the fire foam that the present invention is mixed with, has superelevation surface-active, salt tolerance and anti-hard water.Available 99% seawater or fresh water use the emission of inert gas or Compressed Gas with after the former liquid proportional of 1% extinguishing chemical fully mixes, and can produce abundant and stable foam; On pasta, sprawl film forming fast, suppress EVAP jointly, make fuel oil and air isolated and reach quick extinguishing with froth bed.Its main component and the additive that is added have characteristics such as nontoxic, pollution-free, belong to environment-friendly type extinguishing chemical product.

Description

High-concentration cold-resistant sea-water type water-to-film foam fire extinguishant

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of fire foam, especially a kind of have high concentration, can be under-17 ℃ of low temperature, can with seawater or fresh water ratio mixed foaming in 1: 99, efficiently put out the fire foam of oil fire.

Background technology:

The extinguishing chemical that is used to put out oil fire both at home and abroad is mainly fire foam, and aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent (being called for short AFFF), because the froth bed of its production can be at pasta upper berth generate film, can be promptly on the pasta of burning expansion cover and secluding air stamps out a fire thereby reach rapidly.And, belong to environmentally friendly machine because the Main Ingredients and Appearance of MJPZ extinguishing chemical and the assistant of adding have characteristics such as nontoxic, pollution-free.Thereby aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent has become the extinguishing chemical of giving priority in the world.

Take a broad view of relevant patent and document both at home and abroad, be found to so far, both at home and abroad the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent of producing is that stoste and water ratio are the product of 6: 94 or 3: 97 substantially, does not also have discovery to have the maximum ratio of stoste produced and seawater to reach 1: 99 product so far.As everybody knows, the ratio that stoste adds entry is high more, and its comprehensive value is just high more, more helps at super fire prevention, the fire extinguishing effectiveness doubly of the storage area of minimum performance.Simultaneously, most of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent does not fit into the operation on the sea under the cryogenic conditions, for operations such as offshore oilfield, warship, oil tankers, in case breaking out of fire, under the prerequisite that does not have fresh water or low temperature, extinguishing chemical can not play a role, and causes damage for the country and people's lives and properties.Therefore, develop a kind of fire foam that is applied to the sea, can dilutes, under cryogenic conditions, can bring into play usefulness, have important strategic meaning and commercial value with seawater.

As being used for marine fire-fighting, have high concentration (AFFF1) again, and the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent that can under low temperature (17 ℃) condition, use, there is no report up to now both at home and abroad.

Summary of the invention:

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-concentration cold-resistant sea-water type water-to-film foam fire extinguishant that has.The index (existing AFFF3 of country and AFFF6 test rating) that makes it have the maximum proportioning of stoste and seawater and reach 1: 99, and can produce up to the foam more than 8 times and (press GB17427-1998 check, standard is 〉=5 times), (press the GB17427-1998 check less than fire extinguishing in 3 minutes, standard is≤5min), mobile check: in the time of-17 ℃, foam liquid flow overgauge reference fluid flow.

The present invention, its raw material is formed and comprised: fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, organic silicon surfactant, stablize coupling agent, chelating agent, sprawl anti-burning agent, bacteriostatic agent and water, its percentage by weight is:

Fluorocarbon surfactant 3～15%;

Hc-surfactant 10～50%;

Organic silicon surfactant 1～3%;

Stablize coupling agent 10～30%;

Chelating agent 0.5～3%;

Sprawl the anti-agent 1～5% of burning;

Bacteriostatic agent 0.3～1.1%;

Water adds to 100%.

The present invention, the fluorocarbon surfactant that uses is the Main Ingredients and Appearance in the prescription, and its effect is the surface tension that reduces water, so that bubble solution can spread on the pasta, form water membrane and pasta is implemented sealing, thereby reach fire extinguishing and strengthen its anti-resume combustion ability.It and hydrocarbon appropriate combination are determining the key property of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.Fluorocarbon surfactant can be cationic perfluoroalkyl quaternary amine DF134 or both sexes perfluoroalkyl betaine FN1157, also can be to mix type fluorocarbon surfactant DF614.

The present invention, the hc-surfactant that uses is a main foaming agent, and its main effect provides abundant foam, reduces the interfacial tension between " light-water " bubble solution and the oil meter face, increase the affinity between itself and the oil plant, help the formation and the diffusion of moisture film.Hc-surfactant can anion C8-12 AEO, sldium lauryl sulfate K12 or a alkene sulfonate AOS, also can be the imidazoline-blowing agent TML-or the betaine BS-12 of amphoteric surfactant.

The present invention, on the oils surface, sprawl film forming fast in order to improve the extinguishing chemical bubble solution, add organic silicon surfactant, it all has very high surface-active in the aqueous solution or non-aqueous system, can reduce the foam solution surface tension, also can reduce the interfacial tension between bubble solution and pasta, thereby improve sprawling and blow-off velocity of foam.Especially when the highly enriched liquid of preparation, brought into play important effect.Described organic silicon surfactant can be water-soluble silicon oil Si204 or modified silicon oil Si570.

The present invention, the stable coupling agent of use is a most important composition in this product.When the highly enriched liquid of preparation, it can improve fluorocarbon surfactant and other solubility of substances and intersolubility, strengthens the miscible binding ability of foam dope and water simultaneously, and can strengthen the stability of foam and the freezing point of reduction foam solution.They can be urea, toluene, n-octyl alcohol, n-nonyl alcohol, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, decyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether.In described raw material, both had the effect of foam stabiliser, have the effect of cosolvent and coupling agent again.

The present invention in order to improve foaming and the foam stability energy of product in seawater, adds an amount of chelating agent.It and other surfactant have excellent compatibility, can improve the salt tolerance and the anti-hard water of mixed system significantly, simultaneously, have good surface-active and chelating ability.It can be HEDP salt, EDTA, EDTA disodium or ED3A.

The present invention adds high molecular surfactant as sprawling the anti-agent of burning, and is used in anti-resume combustion ability and the self-styled ability of improving foam.They can be hydroxyethylcellulose, modification xanthans, polyethylene glycol oxide or polyethylene glycol etc.

Use when of the present invention, with 1% extinguishing chemical stoste, add 99% fresh water or seawater and fully mix the back and use: can be finished automatically by foam proportioner, also can prepare mixed liquor earlier in proportion, inert liquid oxidizing gases or Compressed Gas emission are used in the back.Can be widely used in fire prevention such as oil field, oil depot, oil carrier, warship, petrochemical plant, hangar, nuclear power station key unit, also can be directly and the supporting use of common fire-extinguishing apparatus, and use in the general low expansion foam fire extinguisher of can directly packing into.

The mechanism of its fire extinguishing is: light-water type fire foam and water (fresh water, seawater all can) mix and form even and stable froth bed with secluding air, water constituent in the foam can reduce the temperature of oils, the moisture film that below froth bed, can form one deck sealing simultaneously and expand fast, can be promptly in diffusion of burning pasta and sealing (secluding air), therefore the oils that can prevent to be heated continues vaporization combustion, reaches the purpose that stamps out a fire rapidly.

The present invention can store use the long period, and the term of validity reaches 8 years, is difficult for putrid and deteriorated.The main component of extinguishing chemical and the additive that is added have characteristics such as nontoxic, pollution-free, belong to the environment-friendly type extinguishing chemical.

The present invention, through " national fixed fire extinguishing system and fire retarding component quality supervision and test " center " are by " GB17427-1998 " standard test, and assay is as follows:

The product self check is by the check of " GB17427-1998 " national standard, and technical indicator is as follows:

The specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

Take by weighing FN1157 3kg, DF614 5kg, BS-12 25kg, C8-12 AEO 18kg composition mixture A respectively, take by weighing ethylene glycol 2.5kg, polyethylene glycol 4kg, n-octyl alcohol 0.5kg, diethylene glycol butyl ether 5kg composition mixture B, take by weighing Si204 3kg, isobutanol 15kg, n-nonyl alcohol 3kg, toluene 1.5kg composition mixture C, B is joined among the A, after stirring, add mixture C, add formaldehyde 0.5kg, EDTA disodium 0.5kg and water again to 100L, stir product promptly of the present invention again.

Embodiment 2:

Take by weighing DF134 2kg, DF614 5kg, blowing agent TML 30kg, K12 18kg, urea 3kg, water 10kg composition mixture A respectively, take by weighing lauryl alcohol 0.5kg, diethylene glycol butyl ether 5kg, ethylene glycol 2.5kg, composition mixture B, take by weighing Si570 2kg, toluene 0.5kg, isobutanol 15kg, decyl alcohol 0.5kg composition mixture C again, B is added among the A, stir, add mixture C, add modification xanthans 0.3kg, GMB compound preservative 0.4kg, HEDP salt 1kg and water again to 100L, stirring at last gets final product.

Embodiment 3:

Take by weighing FN1157 5kg, DF134 3kg, C8-12 fatty alcohol ether 30kg, AOS 18kg composition mixture A respectively, take by weighing polyethylene glycol oxide 0.5kg, lauryl alcohol 0.5kg, ethylene glycol 2.5kg, diethylene glycol butyl ether 3kg, n-nonyl alcohol 3kg composition mixture B, take by weighing Si204 3kg, toluene 1.5kg, isobutanol 18kg composition mixture C again, B is added among the A, stir, add mixture C again, add formaldehyde 0.5kg, ED3A 1kg and water to 100L at last, stir, be product of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of high-concentration cold-resistant sea-water type water-to-film foam fire extinguishant can use under low temperature-17 ℃ condition, and stoste and seawater or fresh water are by being mixed with fire extinguishing solutions at 1: 99; The stoste raw material is formed and to be comprised: fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, organic silicon surfactant, stablize coupling agent, chelating agent, sprawl anti-burning agent, bacteriostatic agent and water; Wherein fluorocarbon surfactant is that cationic perfluoroalkyl quaternary amine DF134, both sexes perfluoroalkyl betaine FN1157 are or/and mix type fluorocarbon surfactant DF614; Hc-surfactant is that anion C8-12 AEO, sldium lauryl sulfate K12, a alkene sulfonate AOS are or/and the imidazoline of amphoteric surfactant-blowing agent TML and betaine BS-12; Organic silicon surfactant is water-soluble silicon oil Si2O4 or modified silicon oil Si57O; Stable coupling agent is urea, toluene, n-octyl alcohol, n-nonyl alcohol, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, decyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol butyl ether; Chelating agent is HEDP salt, EDTA disodium or ED3A; Sprawling the agent of anti-burning is hydroxyethylcellulose, modification xanthans, polyethylene glycol oxide or polyethylene glycol; Its percentage by weight is:

Fluorocarbon surfactant 3～15%;

Hc-surfactant 10～50%;

Organic silicon surfactant 1～3%;

Stablize coupling agent 10～30%;

Chelating agent 0.5～3%;

Sprawl the anti-agent 1～5% of burning;

Bacteriostatic agent 0.3～1.1%;

Water adds to 100%.

2, aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: described bacteriostatic agent is formaldehyde or GMB compound preservative.