CN104190041A - Low-fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof. The fire extinguishing agent is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 1%-2% of a fluorocarbon surfactant, 10%-40% of a hydrocarbon surfactant, 1%-10% of a silicon-containing surfactant, 20%-30% of an organic solvent, 0.1%-1% of a foam stabilizer, 2%-8% of a burning-resisting agent, 0.1%-1% of a preservative and a proper amount of water. The preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent comprises the following steps: mixing and agitating the fluorocarbon surfactant with the organic solvent to form a component A; mixing the hydrocarbon surfactant with the silicon-containing surfactant and water to form a component B; uniformly mixing the burning-resisting agent, the foam stabilizer and the preservative to form a component C; adding the component B into the component A and slowly adding the component C into the component A; and agitating uniformly. According to the low-fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent, the three surfactants are compounded so that the use amount of the fluorocarbon surfactant is reduced to be less than 2% and the low surface tension is still kept; and the cost of the aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing agent can be reduced and the damages to the environment caused by fluorine compounds can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fire-fighting fire extinguishing Material Field, be specifically related to a kind of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, more specifically relate to lower environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent of a kind of fluorine content and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam, AFFF) extinguishing chemical, is called again " light-water " fire foam, is a kind of high-efficiency fire-extinguishant growing up the external sixties in 20th century.AFFF solution, taking fluorocarbon surfactant as primary raw material, comprises again the auxiliary agents such as hc-surfactant, foam stabilizer, antifreeze simultaneously.Rely on its higher surface-active, in fire extinguishing procedure, AFFF can spread to surrounding along flammable liquid top layer, and the liquid of being separated out by foam forms water membrane, makes to separate between foam and flammable liquid.This moisture film can not only completely cut off fuel surface and contact with oxygen, can also cool to fuel surface; Meanwhile, the water of separating out in foam is at high temperature evaporated to steam, the oxygen concentration of dilution flammable liquid top.These triple factor synergies, realize high-effect fire-extinguishing, and aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is worldwide used widely, and become the extinguishing chemical of giving priority in the world.
But the environmental-protecting performance such as biological degradability, ecological toxicity comes into one's own day by day in recent years.As the fluorocarbon surfactant of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent core component, can resolve into perfluoro octane sulfonate or analog.This is the environmental contaminants that a class has organs toxicity, and persistence is extremely strong, it is one of organic pollution of the most difficult decomposition, and there is the ability of long distance environment transmission, pollution range is extremely wide, be diffused in environment, for a long time by residual, may bring the destruction to environment similar to chlorofluorocarbon, fluorobromocarbon.Existing relevant legal documents limits the use of fluorocarbon surfactant in the world.Therefore, the research and development of environmentally friendly fire foam become the focus of research.
Make a general survey of domestic and international AFFF formula, meet the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent of rapidly and efficiently extinguishing property requirement, wherein the mass percent of fluorocarbon surfactant is mostly more than 3%, the use of this high fluorine content will certainly cause serious ecological environment problem, therefore step up the research and development to environment-friendly type surfactant and improve various surfactants compounded technology, the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent of seeking low fluorine content, tool is of great significance.
Silicon-containing surfactant is the another kind of important special surfactant that is different from fluorocarbon surfactant, because it has the capillary performance of good reduction, greasy property and the characteristic such as have no side effect, silicon-containing surfactant is widely used in fields such as cosmetics of everyday use, washing, leather, agricultural chemicals, weavings.Compared with traditional carbon oxygen surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant has higher surface-active, solution surface tension value more than hc-surfactant critical micelle concentration is generally at 30-40mN/m, and silicon-containing surfactant can be reduced to the surface tension of water 20-30mN/m, be only second to the surface-active (it is following that perfluor class surfactant can be reduced to the surface tension of water 20mN/m) of fluorocarbon surfactant.A large amount of researchs show, fluorocarbon surfactant and hc-surfactant are composite can produce higher surface-active, greatly reduces the consumption of fluorocarbon surfactant.But the composition research of fluorocarbon surfactant and silicon-containing surfactant is less, the domestic and international report about fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant and silicon-containing surfactant three class surfactants together composite use still less.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above that prior art exists, from the angle of high-efficiency environment friendly, compound system to fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant and silicon-containing surfactant is studied, find that silicon-containing surfactant and fluorocarbon surfactant and hc-surfactant all exist interaction, adding of silicon-containing surfactant can make the aqueous solution surface tension of hc-surfactant and fluorocarbon surfactant decline.Thus, the present invention adopts three kinds of surfactant compound technology, develops low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
The object of the invention is to mainly be to provide a kind of low fluorine content efficient and environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof.With the extinguishing chemical of this formulated, coefficient of foaming can reach 15 times, foam stabilization, and blow-off velocity is fast, and ability of anti-burning is good.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, this extinguishing chemical is made up of fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant, organic solvent, foam stabilizer, anti-burning agent, anticorrisive agent and water, and the percentage by weight of its each component is:
According to described low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, wherein said fluorocarbon surfactant is cationic perfluoroalkyl quaternary ammonium iodide or nonionic perfluor alkylene oxide base class surfactant or amphoteric ion type fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant is amphoteric imidazoline or the betaine of 12～18 carbon atoms, organic solvent is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, glycerine, n-butanol or butyl glycol ether, anti-burning agent is xanthans, and foam stabilizer is urea.
According to described low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, wherein said silicon-containing surfactant is anionic silicon-containing surfactant or many alkoxyls of nonionic polysiloxanes ether copolymer surfactant.
According to described low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, wherein said anticorrisive agent is Sodium Benzoate or potassium sorbate.
The method of the low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent described in preparation: take fluorocarbon surfactant and organic solvent mix and blend composition component A in the ratio of described component, take hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant and water and mix composition B component, finally take anti-burning agent, foam stabilizer and anticorrisive agent and mix composition component C, B is joined in A and mixed, again C is slowly joined in A, stir.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate essentiality content of the present invention with embodiments of the invention below, but do not limit the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1:
Raw material composition of the present invention and preparation method can be summarized as follows:
Raw material composition of the present invention comprises: fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant, organic solvent, anti-burning agent, foam stabilizer, anticorrisive agent and water.
Combination formula of the present invention is by weight percentage:
The fluorocarbon surfactant that the present invention uses is cationic perfluoroalkyl quaternary ammonium iodide FC-911 or nonionic perfluor alkylene oxide base class surfactant FC-001 or amphoteric ion type fluorocarbon surfactant Ee607, effect is the surface tension that reduces water, make foam solution form moisture film and to sprawl fast at pasta, pasta is sealed, thereby reach quick extinguishing.
The hc-surfactant that the present invention uses is amphoteric imidazoline or the betaine of 12～18 carbon atoms, and foam performance excellence, is main blowing agent, and can reduces the interfacial tension between foam solution and pasta.
The present invention adds anionic or nonionic silicon-containing surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant is the surfactant of a class excellent performance, can greatly reduce the surface tension of water, it reduces capillary effect a little less than fluorocarbon surfactant, the surface tension of water can be reduced to 21mN/m, be better than hc-surfactant.In addition, silicon-containing surfactant biological degradability is good, and environmental pollution is little, is the surfactant of environmental protection, and has higher heat endurance, against weather and chemical stability, can be stable be present in aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent.
The present invention is composite by the three class surfactants such as fluorocarbon surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant and hc-surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant degree can be reduced to below 2%, can ensure again lower surface tension and good spreading property simultaneously.
Organic solvent of the present invention is at least one in ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, glycerine, n-butanol, butyl glycol ether.Organic solvent had both played hydrotropy effect, can strengthen again the stability of foam.
The preferred xanthans of the anti-burning agent of the present invention.Effect is reinforced foam and the sealing property of moisture film to pasta, the anti-resume combustion performance of reinforced foam, meanwhile, the stability that xanthans also can reinforced foam.
The preferred urea of foam stabilizer of the present invention.Urea can reinforced foam as stabilizing agent stability, reduce the freezing point of foam solution, the intersolubility of each material in reinforced foam liquid.
Anticorrisive agent of the present invention uses one or both of Sodium Benzoate and sodium sorbate.Sodium Benzoate and sodium sorbate are as food additives, and sterilization and anticorrosion is effective, nuisanceless.
Preparation method of the present invention: take fluorocarbon surfactant and organic solvent mix and blend composition component A, take hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant and water and mix composition B component, finally take anti-burning agent, foam stabilizer and anticorrisive agent and be mixed evenly composition component C, B is joined in A and mixed, again C is slowly joined in A, stir, be product of the present invention.
Embodiment 2:
Take respectively FC-911 1kg, Ee607 1kg, ethylene glycol 20kg, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5kg, mixes composition mixture A; Take imidazoline 30kg, water-soluble silicon oil 3kg, water 30kg mixes, composition mixture B; B is joined in A and stirred; Take urea 3kg, xanthans 0.3kg is dry mixed evenly, slowly joins in A, adds Sodium Benzoate 0.5kg, finally adds water to 100kg again, stirs.
Embodiment 3:
Take respectively FC-911 2kg, ethylene glycol 20kg, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5kg, mixes composition mixture A; Take betaine BS-12 30kg, water-soluble silicon oil 2kg, water 30kg composition mixture B; B is joined in A and stirred; Take urea 5kg, xanthans 0.2kg is dry mixed evenly, slowly joins in A, adds potassium sorbate 0.3kg, finally adds water to 100kg again, stirs.
Embodiment 4:
Take respectively FC-911 1kg, FC-001 1kg, ethylene glycol 20kg, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5kg, mixes composition mixture A; Take imidazoline 30kg, anion silicon-containing surfactant 5kg, water 30kg composition mixture B; B is joined in A and stirred; Take urea 5kg, xanthans 0.2kg is dry mixed evenly, slowly joins in A, adds potassium sorbate 0.3kg, finally adds water to 100kg again, stirs.
The product of above-described embodiment 2-4 and the water by volume every physical and chemical performance of solution and the extinguishing property of the ratio mixed preparing of 3:97 all reach GB15308-2006 requirement.Product self-inspection is by the inspection of " GB15308-2006 " national standard, and all technical is as follows:
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, fluorine content is low.Existing aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent fluorocarbon surfactant content is generally all more than 3%, product of the present invention is by three kinds of surfactant compound technology, fluorocarbon surfactant content can be reduced to below 2%, and still can make the present invention keep lower surface tension and good spreading property.The cost of aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent not only can be reduced, the harm that fluoride compound causes environment can be reduced again.
2, fire-fighting efficiency is high, and ability of anti-burning is strong.Contrast experiment is carried out in the small-sized fire extinguishing experiment that product of the present invention and existing certain company's product are provided by " GB15308-2006 appendix A ", and performance is as follows:
| Interventions Requested title | Product of the present invention | Existing product |
| Attack time, s | 35 | 52 |
| The anti-burning time, min | 13 | 12 |
3, environmental protection.Hc-surfactant used is little to environment toxic and side effect, is environmental type material; And silicon-containing surfactant biological degradability is good, environmental pollution is little, is the surfactant of environmental protection; Organic solvent is all the organic compound that is widely used in all kinds of chemical industries, and environmental pollution is less; Urea is one of the most frequently used organic fertilizer, and it can be ignored environmental hazard as foam stabilizer of the present invention; Xanthans is conventional food additives, and it,, as anti-burning agent of the present invention, does not have toxic and side effect to ecological environment, and anticorrisive agent adopts potassium sorbate or Sodium Benzoate, and the two is all conventional food additives, has no side effect.Therefore, product of the present invention is environmental type product.
Claims (5)
1. low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, it is characterized in that: this extinguishing chemical is made up of fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant, organic solvent, foam stabilizer, anti-burning agent, anticorrisive agent and water, and the percentage by weight of its each component is:
2. low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fluorocarbon surfactant is cationic perfluoroalkyl quaternary ammonium iodide or nonionic perfluor alkylene oxide base class surfactant or amphoteric ion type fluorocarbon surfactant, hc-surfactant is amphoteric imidazoline or the betaine of 12～18 carbon atoms, organic solvent is ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, glycerine, n-butanol or butyl glycol ether, anti-burning agent is xanthans, and foam stabilizer is urea.
3. low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described silicon-containing surfactant is anionic silicon-containing surfactant or many alkoxyls of nonionic polysiloxanes ether copolymer surfactant.
4. low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anticorrisive agent is Sodium Benzoate or potassium sorbate.
5. the method for preparation low fluorine environment-friendly type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: take fluorocarbon surfactant and organic solvent mix and blend composition component A in the ratio of described component, take hc-surfactant, silicon-containing surfactant and water and mix composition B component, finally take anti-burning agent, foam stabilizer and anticorrisive agent and mix composition component C, B is joined in A and mixed, again C is slowly joined in A, stir.
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