CN114788943A

CN114788943A - PFOS-free efficient seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114788943A
Application number: CN202210430548.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王定飞; 汪浩; 刘大军; 苏伟; 郑大为
Original assignee: Zhongke Yongan Anhui Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongke Yongan Anhui Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-22
Filing date: 2022-04-22
Publication date: 2022-07-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant water film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant water film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2% of a first group of surfactant, 4-10% of a second group of surfactant, 20-30% of organic auxiliary agent and the balance of water. The method comprises the following steps: adding a first group of surfactant, a second group of surfactant, a cosolvent and an antifreeze into a stirring kettle to form a component A; adding a thickening agent, a preservative and an anti-burning agent into water to form a component B; mixing the components A, B, adding the balance of water, stirring and mixing at constant temperature and constant speed for 60-90min to obtain the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant water film-forming foam extinguishing agent. The aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent prepared by the invention has the advantages of good surface activity, high diffusion coefficient, good film-forming property and excellent fire extinguishing performance.

Description

PFOS-free efficient seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing agents, and in particular relates to a PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

According to the data of the emergency administration, 74.8 thousands of fire disasters, 1987 dead and 2225 injured are reported nationwide in 2021, 67.5 billion yuan direct property loss is reported, and the number of the outbreaks and the damage and the loss respectively rise by 9.7%, 24.1% and 28.4% compared with 2020. How to rapidly and effectively extinguish the fire and reduce the loss to the maximum is a research subject with great significance. Since the 60's of the 20 th century, people began to focus on the research of an aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing Agent (AFFF), also known as a "light water" foam extinguishing agent, which forms a water film on the surface of fuel during fire extinguishing, is the foam extinguishing agent most commonly used by fire-fighting institutions at present and is also considered as the most effective fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing oil-type fires. The most important component of AFFF is fluorocarbon surfactant, which determines the performance and cost of aqueous film-forming foam fire-extinguishing agent, but is difficult to degrade in natural conditions, and the fluorocarbon surfactant is easily absorbed and distributed mainly in serum and liver. Then, people begin to research low-fluorine or fluorine-free AFFF, but the performance of the AFFF cannot be compared with that of long-chain fluorocarbon compounded AFFF. An important parameter for measuring whether the AFFF can spread is surface tension, and the lower the surface tension of the AFFF is, the better the film forming capability is, and the more efficient the fire extinguishing is. Therefore, the research on the seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent which does not contain PFOS, has low surface tension and high efficiency is of great significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2% of a first group of surfactant, 4-10% of a second group of surfactant, 20-30% of organic auxiliary agent and the balance of water.

Preferably, the first group of surfactants is prepared by compounding one or two of the following compounds in percentage by mass:

preferably, the second group of surfactants is compounded by two or three of the following compounds according to the mass percentage:

preferably, the organic auxiliary agent comprises a thickening agent, an anti-burning agent, an anti-freezing agent, a preservative and a cosolvent.

Preferably, the thickener is xanthan gum, the anti-burning agent is urea, the antifreeze agent is ethylene glycol, the cosolvent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the preservative is one or two of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the xanthan gum to the urea is 0.2-0.8: 1-5.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the antifreeze agent to the cosolvent to the preservative is 9-25:1-3: 0.1-0.4.

A preparation method of the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent comprises the following steps:

(1) adding a first group of surfactant, a second group of surfactant, a cosolvent and an antifreeze into a stirring kettle to form a component A;

(2) adding the thickening agent, the preservative and the anti-burning agent into water to form a component B;

(3) mixing the components A, B, adding the balance of water, stirring and mixing at constant temperature and constant speed for 60-90min to obtain the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant water film-forming foam extinguishing agent.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the water in the step (2) to the water in the step (3) is 1: 2.

Preferably, in the step (3), the constant temperature and the constant speed are 40-50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention researches and selects the low-fluorine surfactant and the hydrocarbon surfactant to compound, and the prepared aqueous film-forming surfactant has better performance in all aspects than the aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent prepared from the single-component low-fluorine surfactant or the single-component hydrocarbon surfactant by searching the optimal compatibility ratio and the simplest process route. The aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent prepared by the method does not contain PFOS, the surface tension is 15.8-16.2mN/m, the surface activity is better, the diffusion coefficient is high, the film-forming property is good, the fire extinguishing performance is excellent compared with the conventional traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent, and the concentration of the surfactant in the first group of foam stock solution is only 1.2%, namely the national standard IA level can be reached.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Respectively weighing 1.2kg of a first group of compound surfactants (0.8 kg of sulfonic ammonium salt and 0.4kg of carboxylic ammonium salt), 9kg of a second group of compound surfactants (6 kg of zwitterionic and 3kg of anionic surfactants), 10kg of antifreeze and 3kg of cosolvent, and uniformly mixing to form a mixture A; weighing 0.3kg of xanthan gum, 9kg of anti-burning agent and 0.4kg of preservative to form a mixture B; adding B into A, stirring, adding water to 100kg, stirring at constant speed for 90min, standing, and defoaming for 24h to obtain 100kg of foam extinguishing agent concentrate.

Experimental data:

the foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant water film-forming foam extinguishing agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1-2% of a first group of surfactant, 4-10% of a second group of surfactant, 20-30% of organic auxiliary agent and the balance of water.

2. The PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the first group of surfactants is composed of one or two of the following compounds in percentage by mass:

3. the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the second group of surfactants is compounded by two or three of the following compounds in percentage by mass:

4. the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the organic auxiliary agent comprises a thickening agent, an anti-burning agent, an anti-freezing agent, a preservative and a cosolvent.

5. The PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the thickening agent is xanthan gum, the anti-burning agent is urea, the anti-freezing agent is ethylene glycol, the cosolvent is diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the preservative is one or two of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.

6. The PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the xanthan gum to the urea is 0.2-0.8: 1-5.

7. The PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the mass ratio of the antifreeze agent to the cosolvent to the preservative is 9-25:1-3: 0.1-0.4.

8. A process for the preparation of a PFOS-free high potency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 4 to 7, comprising the steps of:

(2) adding a thickening agent, a preservative and an anti-burning agent into water to form a component B;

9. The preparation method of the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the water in the step (2) to the water in the step (3) is 1: 2.

10. The preparation method of the PFOS-free high-efficiency seawater-resistant type aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the constant temperature and constant speed are 40-50 ℃, and the stirring speed is 800-1000 r/min.