CN113749185A - Novel functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113749185A CN113749185A CN202111229191.5A CN202111229191A CN113749185A CN 113749185 A CN113749185 A CN 113749185A CN 202111229191 A CN202111229191 A CN 202111229191A CN 113749185 A CN113749185 A CN 113749185A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The invention provides a lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder; 4-20 parts of fruit residues; 40-50 parts of corn flour; 8-15 parts of fermented soybean meal; 2-5 parts of bone meal; 10 to 15 portions of fish meal; 4-8 parts of a probiotic mixed additive; 8-12 parts of soybean meal; 3-5 parts of trace element additive; 5 to 10 portions of soybean oil. According to the novel lithocarpus polystachyus rehd functional feed, animal and plant proteins are added, and the prepared lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract can replace antibiotics, so that drug resistance of the antibiotics to human body caused by indirect ingestion is reduced, and the palatability of animals and the proportion of coarse feed can be effectively improved by adopting fruit fragrance in fruit residues.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The most common component in the animal feed is an antibiotic additive, and the antibiotic additive can promote the growth of animals and prevent certain diseases, and has a positive effect on the development of the breeding industry. However, the use of antibiotic additives threatens food safety and causes environmental pollution problems.
Firstly, the use of antibiotic additives in animal feed can increase the resistance to pathogenic bacteria, which is significantly increased in 3 cases: firstly, in the two-division stage of bacterial reproduction, the transmission between generations is carried out; ② caused by spontaneous gene mutation; (iii) obtaining drug resistance genes from cells in the vicinity of the bacteria. Although the frequency of transmission of drug-resistant genes is low, drug-resistant genes are easily obtained because the number of bacteria is large and the propagation rate is very high.
Secondly, the immune effect of the animal is affected. The long-term use of the antibiotic additive can cause the long-term residue and accumulation of antibiotics in animal bodies, so that the drug resistance of animals is caused, the immune effect of the vaccine is reduced, and hidden troubles are buried for the treatment of diseases in the future.
Third, it can lead to cross-infection of pathogens. Excessive use of antibiotics can destroy the microecological balance in animal intestinal tracts, so that not only can organisms with strong antibiotic sensitivity in animal gastrointestinal tracts be rapidly reduced, but also pathogenic bacteria with poor sensitivity can be rapidly bred, and further, the microecological imbalance in animal gastrointestinal tracts can be caused. In addition, after the antibiotics destroy microorganisms in animals, the antibiotics create opportunities for the invasion of microorganisms in vitro, thereby causing the cross infection phenomenon of the animals.
Therefore, a new functional feed capable of effectively replacing antibiotic additives is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new functional feed which is added with animal and plant proteins, is supplemented with a lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract obtained by self-preparation to replace antibiotics, and adopts fruit fragrance in fruit residues to improve the palatability of animals and the proportion of coarse feed, and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd comprises the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the raw material of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder can be one or more of rhizomes, leaves, flowers and fruits of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd.
Further, the fruit residues comprise 0.5-8 parts of pineapple residues, 1-5 parts of apple residues, 0.5-2 parts of pear residues, 0.5-3 parts of grape residues and the balance of kiwi fruit residues.
Further, the preparation method of the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: weighing 10-30 parts of soybean meal, grinding into powder, adding distilled water for sterilization, inoculating lactobacillus acidophilus for fermentation, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: standing and culturing at 37 ℃ for 24 h; and then carrying out secondary fermentation at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the fermented soybean meal.
Further, the raw materials of the probiotic mixed additive comprise one or more of lactobacillus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus reuteri.
Further, the preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd rhizome water extract powder comprises the following steps:
1) adding distilled water into 40-50 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:25-1:35, heating for 45-60 min, and continuously stirring in the heating process;
2) filtering the mixture heated in the step 1) by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane, repeatedly filtering for 3-5 times, and concentrating the finally obtained mixture without filter residue into an extract under reduced pressure;
3) and (3) cooling the extract obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and drying in a vacuum freeze dryer to finally obtain lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder.
Further, the aperture of the filter membrane adopted in the step 2) is 0.5-1 μm.
Further, the pressure adopted in the reduced pressure concentration in the step 2) is 0.05MPa to 0.1MPa, and the adopted temperature is 50 ℃ to 60 ℃.
Further, the vacuum degree adopted by the vacuum freeze drying in the step 3) is 4.5 Bar-6 Bar, and the temperature is-5 ℃ to-10 ℃.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed, which comprises the following steps:
s1: stirring the fruit pomace, the soybean meal and the corn flour in parts by weight and the probiotic mixed additive in parts by weight, uniformly stirring, adding the probiotic mixed additive in parts by weight, and performing standing fermentation for 2-4 h at 35-37 ℃ by using a small amount of water in the fruit pomace and the probiotics in the probiotic mixed additive;
s2: uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step S1 with the bone meal in parts by weight, the fish meal in parts by weight, the fermented soybean meal in parts by weight and the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder in parts by weight; continuously adding the soybean oil and the trace element additive in parts by weight in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd provided by the invention is balanced and comprehensive in nutrition due to the addition of animal protein and plant protein such as bone meal, fish meal, soybean meal and the like, and the assistance of cellulose and trace elements in fermented soybean meal, and is suitable for feeding chickens, ducks and fishes.
2. Lithocarpus polystachyus (rehd) rehd, also known as sweet tea or lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, is a national medicine in Guizhou province, is an evergreen arbor of lithocarpus in Fagaceae, has the effects of nourishing yin, tonifying kidney, protecting liver, detoxifying, clearing heat, promoting diuresis and the like, and has the main chemical components of flavonoids, triterpenes and the like, and also contains polyphenols, amino acids, trace elements and the like, so that the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd can reduce blood sugar and blood fat, resists oxidation and resists inflammation; by adding the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder, other Chinese herbal medicine components and an antibiotic additive can be effectively replaced, the disease prevention and resistance capability of animals is improved, the immunity of the animals is improved, the improvement capability of flavonoid and triterpenoid organic molecules in the plant extract on the body constitution of the organisms can be increased, and the defects of drug resistance of human bodies to antibiotics and the like caused by the antibiotic additive are avoided.
3. The feed provided by the invention adopts the fruit residues, so that byproducts of fruit agricultural production can be effectively utilized, the plant fibers in the fruits are utilized to improve the coarse feed components of the feed, the intestinal peristalsis of animals is improved, the immunity of the animals is further improved, and meanwhile, the sweet and fragrant fruit smell of the fruit residues is utilized to effectively improve the palatability of the animals, improve the feed intake of the animals and further improve the physique of the animals.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the fruit residues comprise 0.5 part of pineapple residues, 5 parts of apple residues, 0.5 part of pear residues, 03 parts of grape residues and the balance of kiwi fruit residues.
The preparation method of the fermented soybean meal provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps: weighing 30 parts of soybean meal, grinding into powder, adding distilled water for sterilization, inoculating lactobacillus acidophilus for fermentation, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: standing and culturing at 37 ℃ for 24 h; and then carrying out secondary fermentation at 60 ℃ to obtain the fermented soybean meal.
The raw materials of the probiotic mixed additive comprise lactobacillus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus reuteri.
The preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd rhizome water extract powder provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
1) taking 50 parts of Lithocarpus polystachyus (Rehd.) Rehd rootstock, adding distilled water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:25, heating for 60min, and continuously stirring during heating;
2) filtering the mixture heated in the step 1) by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane with the diameter of 0.5 mu m, repeatedly filtering for 3 times, and concentrating the finally obtained mixture without filter residue into extract under the reduced pressure of 0.05MPa and at the temperature of 50 ℃;
3) and (3) after the extract obtained in the step 2) is cooled at room temperature, putting the extract into a vacuum freeze dryer to be dried at a vacuum degree of 4.5Bar and a temperature of-10 ℃, and finally obtaining the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd rhizome extract powder.
The preparation method of the new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: stirring 20 parts of fruit pomace, 12 parts of soybean meal and 50 parts of corn flour, uniformly stirring, adding 8 parts of probiotic mixed additive, and standing and fermenting at 35 ℃ for 2 hours by utilizing a small part of water in the fruit pomace and probiotics in the probiotic mixed additive;
s2: uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step S1 with 5 parts of bone meal, 15 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of fermented soybean meal and 30 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd rhizome water extract powder; continuously adding 10 parts of soybean oil and 5 parts of trace element additive in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed.
Example 2
The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd provided by the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the fruit residues comprise 8 parts of pineapple residues, 1 part of apple residues, 2 parts of pear residues, 0.5 part of grape residues and the balance of kiwi fruit residues.
The preparation method of the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: weighing 10 parts of soybean meal, grinding into powder, adding distilled water for sterilization, inoculating lactobacillus acidophilus for fermentation, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: standing and culturing at 37 ℃ for 24 h; and then carrying out secondary fermentation at 50 ℃ to obtain the fermented soybean meal.
The raw materials of the probiotic mixed additive comprise lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus reuteri.
The preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd aqueous extract powder comprises the following steps:
1) taking 40 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus flower, adding distilled water according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:35, heating for 45min, and continuously stirring in the heating process;
2) filtering the mixture heated in the step 1) by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane with the aperture of 1 mu m, repeatedly filtering for 4 times, and concentrating the finally obtained mixture without filter residue into extract under the reduced pressure at the temperature of 60 ℃ under the pressure of 0.07 MPa;
3) and (3) after the extract obtained in the step 2) is cooled at room temperature, putting the extract into a vacuum freeze dryer to be dried at the vacuum degree of 5.5Bar and the temperature of minus 8 ℃, and finally obtaining the lithocarpus polystachyus extract powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed, which comprises the following steps:
s1: stirring 4 parts of fruit pomace, 8 parts of soybean meal and 40 parts of corn flour, uniformly stirring, adding 4 parts of probiotic mixed additive, and standing and fermenting at 36 ℃ for 3 hours by utilizing a small part of water in the fruit pomace and probiotics in the probiotic mixed additive;
s2: uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step S1 with 2 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of fermented soybean meal and 20 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder; continuously adding the 5 parts of soybean oil and 3 parts of trace element additive in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the fruit residues comprise 4 parts of pineapple residues, 3 parts of apple residues, 1 part of pear residues, 1.5 parts of grape residues and the balance of kiwi fruit residues.
The preparation method of the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: weighing 20 parts of soybean meal, grinding into powder, adding distilled water for sterilization, inoculating lactobacillus acidophilus for fermentation, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: standing and culturing at 37 ℃ for 24 h; and performing secondary fermentation at 55 ℃ to obtain the fermented soybean meal.
The raw materials of the probiotic mixed additive comprise lactobacillus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus reuteri.
The preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd fruit extract powder comprises the following steps:
1) adding distilled water into 45 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus fruit according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:30, heating for 50min, and continuously stirring in the heating process;
2) filtering the mixture heated in the step 1) by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane with the aperture of 0.8 mu m, repeatedly filtering for 5 times, and concentrating the finally obtained mixture without filter residue under reduced pressure at the temperature of 55 ℃ under 0.1MPa to obtain extract;
3) and (3) after the extract obtained in the step 2) is cooled at room temperature, putting the extract into a vacuum freeze dryer to be dried at the vacuum degree of 6Bar and the temperature of-5 ℃, and finally obtaining the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd fruit extract powder.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: stirring 12 parts of fruit pomace, 10 parts of soybean meal and 45 parts of corn flour, uniformly stirring, adding 6 parts of probiotic mixed additive, and standing and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 4 hours by utilizing a small part of water in the fruit pomace and probiotics in the probiotic mixed additive;
s2: uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step S1 with 7.5 parts of bone meal, 12.5 parts of fish meal, 11.5 parts of fermented soybean meal and 25 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd fruit water extract powder; continuously adding 7.5 parts of soybean oil and 4 parts of trace element additive in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no conflict between the technical solutions. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2. the new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fruit residues comprise 0.5-8 parts of pineapple residues, 1-5 parts of apple residues, 0.5-2 parts of pear residues, 0.5-3 parts of grape residues, and the balance of kiwi fruit residues.
3. The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the fermented soybean meal comprises the following steps: weighing 10-30 parts of soybean meal, grinding into powder, adding distilled water for sterilization, inoculating lactobacillus acidophilus for fermentation, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: standing and culturing at 37 ℃ for 24 h; and then carrying out secondary fermentation at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the fermented soybean meal.
4. The new lithocarpus polystachyus functional feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw material of the probiotic mixed additive comprises one or more of lactobacillus, lactobacillus rhamnosus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus reuteri.
5. The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder comprises the following steps:
1) adding distilled water into 40-50 parts of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:25-1:35, heating for 45-60 min, and continuously stirring in the heating process;
2) filtering the mixture heated in the step 1) by adopting a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane, repeatedly filtering for 3-5 times, and concentrating the finally obtained mixture without filter residue into an extract under reduced pressure;
3) and (3) cooling the extract obtained in the step 2) at room temperature, and drying in a vacuum freeze dryer to finally obtain lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder.
6. The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pore size of the filter membrane used in the step 2) is 0.5-1 μm.
7. The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pressure used for the concentration under reduced pressure in step 2) is 0.05MPa to 0.1MPa, and the temperature used is 50 ℃ to 60 ℃.
8. The new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vacuum degree for vacuum freeze drying in step 3) is 4.5 Bar-6 Bar, and the temperature is-5 ℃ to-10 ℃.
9. The preparation method of the new functional feed for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: stirring the fruit pomace, the soybean meal and the corn flour in parts by weight, uniformly stirring, adding the probiotic mixed additive in parts by weight, and performing standing fermentation for 2-4 h at 35-37 ℃ by using a small amount of water in the fruit pomace and the probiotics in the probiotic mixed additive;
s2: uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step S1 with the bone meal in parts by weight, the fish meal in parts by weight, the fermented soybean meal in parts by weight and the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd water extract powder in parts by weight; continuously adding the soybean oil and the trace element additive in parts by weight in the stirring process, and uniformly stirring to obtain the lithocarpus polystachyus rehd new-function feed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114424797A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 洪江市金土地生态农业有限责任公司 | Feed additive for improving pig immunity, preventing swine fever and improving lean meat percentage |
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2021
- 2021-10-21 CN CN202111229191.5A patent/CN113749185A/en active Pending
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| CN104982754A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-10-21 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Sorghum medium pig feed and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114424797A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 洪江市金土地生态农业有限责任公司 | Feed additive for improving pig immunity, preventing swine fever and improving lean meat percentage |
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Inventor after: Wang Yaohui Inventor after: Li Kui Inventor after: Li Ke Inventor after: Yang Song Inventor after: Luo Mei Inventor after: Xie Mei Inventor after: Zhong Lingli Inventor before: Li Kui Inventor before: Wang Yaohui Inventor before: Li Ke Inventor before: Yang Song Inventor before: Luo Mei Inventor before: Xie Mei Inventor before: Zhong Lingli |