CN111903840A - Compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics - Google Patents
Compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903840A CN111903840A CN202010847281.XA CN202010847281A CN111903840A CN 111903840 A CN111903840 A CN 111903840A CN 202010847281 A CN202010847281 A CN 202010847281A CN 111903840 A CN111903840 A CN 111903840A
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- ginkgo leaf
- compound
- feed additive
- powder
- ginkgo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/169—Plantarum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention particularly discloses a compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the feed additive is characterized in that 50-150 g of compound ginkgo leaf extract, 50-150 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder, 50-150 g of Bacillus licheniformis dry powder and the balance of medicine residue powder filling are added into every 1000 g of compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics, and the lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus licheniformis components are matched with the compound ginkgo leaf extract, so that the feed additive has a good promoting effect on growth and development of animals and improvement of immunity. The probiotic-rich compound ginkgo leaf feed additive can be widely applied to feeding of livestock and poultry, preferably can be used for feeding of rabbits, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese, pigs and cattle, and is added into feed in an amount of 1.5-2.5% by mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of feed additive processing, and particularly relates to a compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics and a preparation method of the additive.
Background
Besides cellulose, protein, chlorophyll, mineral elements and vitamins contained in general leaves, the ginkgo leaves also contain a large amount of flavonoids, terpene lactones, polypentenol compounds, alkaloids and polysaccharide compounds, and the medicinal functions of the ginkgo leaves are mainly to treat coronary arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular diseases, angina, reduce cholesterol, reduce blood pressure and inhibit certain bacteria and fungi. At present, the development and utilization of ginkgo leaves are reported at home and abroad, such as medicines, foods, health products, tea products, drinks, cosmetics, biological pesticides and the like. With the increasing requirements of consumers on the quality of livestock, poultry and aquatic products, the application of chemical drugs or drug feed additives which are easy to generate residues, drug resistance and environmental pollution, such as hormones, antibiotics and the like for preventing diseases and promoting growth, is gradually limited or eliminated, so that the pollution-free feed additive becomes a hotspot for the development of the feed industry in recent years, and a plurality of plants, Chinese herbal medicines and beneficial microorganisms with health-care effects are developed and utilized. The microbial feed additive is a preparation prepared by utilizing normal microorganisms and metabolites thereof or growth promoting substances in animal bodies through a special processing technology, can supplement, adjust or maintain normal microorganisms in animal intestinal tracts, particularly dominant flora, also comprises a preparation prepared from substances capable of promoting the growth and the reproduction of the normal microorganism flora, can generate a certain biological effect or ecological effect, is widely applied along with the rise of intensive, large-scale and modern animal breeding industries, has the effects of promoting the growth of animals, improving feed reward, improving the quality of livestock, poultry and aquatic products, adjusting breeding production, keeping ecological environment and the like, the method has the effects of ensuring production, reducing cost, increasing products, improving quality and improving economic and social benefits and ecological benefits for the breeding industry. The development of the plant micro-ecological feed additive plays a great role in promoting the development of the breeding industry in China.
The biological feed additive prepared from the ginkgo leaves can improve the comprehensive utilization and economic value of the ginkgo leaves, and the currently disclosed domestic invention patents can prove that the biological feed additive taking the ginkgo leaves as the main raw material has good efficacy and application value in the livestock and aquatic product breeding industry. Such as: patent application No.: 201210549464.9A biological feed additive containing folium Ginkgo is prepared by taking folium Ginkgo as main solid fermentation matrix, probiotic bacillus as bacterial strain, performing solid state fermentation under proper nutritional condition and culture condition, drying, pulverizing to obtain the biological feed additive, the biological feed additive contains multiple bioactive substances such as flavonoids and terpene lactones, can improve animal organism immunity and oxidation resistance, meanwhile, through biological fermentation, the product is rich in probiotic bacillus, can adjust the balance of intestinal flora of animals, improve the micro-ecological environment of intestinal tracts, promote the growth of animals, reduce the occurrence of intestinal diseases of animals, improve the disease resistance of animal organisms, and obviously improve the production performance of livestock and poultry, can replace or partially replace antibiotics, thereby providing health guarantee for consumption and use of livestock and poultry food.
Patent application No.: 201310427156.3 discloses a method for producing protein feed by solid state fermentation of mixed bacteria and folium Ginkgo residue, which comprises respectively activating Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum, and performing amplification culture to obtain four liquid strains; drying and crushing ginkgo leaf residues, adding a certain amount of water and a nitrogen source, mixing, and sterilizing to obtain a solid fermentation culture medium; and (3) inoculating the four liquid strains into a solid fermentation culture medium according to a certain proportion, fully and uniformly mixing, fermenting for 72-120 h at a natural pH value under the condition of a temperature of 28-30 ℃, and drying to obtain the ginkgo leaf residue protein feed. The protein feed has high crude protein content up to 46%, comprehensive nutrient components and good palatability, and can effectively improve the production performance and feed conversion rate of livestock and poultry.
Patent application No.: 201310637150.9 discloses a pollution-free aquatic feed additive based on ginkgo leaves, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 150-200 parts of ginkgo leaves, 100-120 parts of potatoes, 30-50 parts of lotus leaves, 15-20 parts of common andrographis herbs, 8-12 parts of Chinese mosla herbs, 5-7 parts of rheum officinale, 7-12 parts of mangnolia officinalis, 3-5 parts of negundo chastetree fruits, 50-80 parts of chlorella powder, 50-80 parts of egg powder, 5-10 parts of medical stones and 20-30 parts of corn starch through the steps of fermentation by a mixed strain composed of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae and then implantation of lactobacillus plantarum for continuous fermentation.
Patent application No.: 201310637453.0 discloses a pollution-free livestock and poultry feed additive based on ginkgo leaves, which is prepared by firstly fermenting 150-200 parts by weight of ginkgo leaves, 100-120 parts by weight of potatoes, 7-10 parts by weight of hawthorn, 5-8 parts by weight of garlic, 4-7 parts by weight of dried ginger, 3-5 parts by weight of elsholtzia, 2-3 parts by weight of poria cocos, 5-7 parts by weight of sweet wormwood, 2-3 parts by weight of Chinese pulsatilla root, 7-10 parts by weight of purslane, 3-6 parts by weight of stone, 10-15 parts by weight of pine needle and 10-13 parts by weight of medical stone, wherein the mixed strain is composed of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae, and then implanting lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation.
Patent application No.: 201510613975.6A biological feed additive containing folium Ginkgo is prepared by solid-state fermenting folium Ginkgo as main solid fermentation matrix and Aspergillus niger as strain under proper nutrient condition and culture condition, drying, and pulverizing.
Patent application No.: 201811199068.1 discloses a preparation method and application of a fish feed antioxidant based on ginkgo biloba extract, which uses ginkgo biloba extract as the fish feed antioxidant, can solve the toxic and side effects of the existing synthetic antioxidant on animals, and the fish feed prepared by the antioxidant can not cause the residue and enrichment of the antioxidant in fish products, and can improve the quality of the fish products and the food safety.
According to various technical schemes disclosed in the prior art, the ginkgo biloba extract or a fermentation product and/or extract prepared by fermenting ginkgo biloba with probiotics proves that the ginkgo biloba extract has good effects of improving immunity, resisting oxidation and promoting growth. The biological fermentation of ginkgo leaves in the currently disclosed technical scheme aims to increase and promote nutritional ingredients, improve application efficacy, improve mouthfeel and enhance the practical effect of the application effect, but the uncertainty of quantification of probiotics and the number of floras contained in a final product cannot be displayed, namely the value and the application effect that the number of live bacteria of the beneficial bacteria plays a role in colonizing gastrointestinal tracts and preventing growth of harmful bacteria in the product, and can form dominant floras or prevent diseases by enhancing a specific immune function so as to promote animal growth and improve feed conversion rate are ignored, and the ginkgo leaf biological fermentation feed additive is not enough at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics is prepared by utilizing the ginkgo leaf extract and beneficial microorganisms on the basis of fully utilizing the application efficacy of the well-known ginkgo leaf in animal breeding, so that the number of the contained probiotics is quantized, the double effects of the ginkgo leaf and the probiotics are fully exerted, the effectiveness of the beneficial bacteria contained in the compound ginkgo leaf biological feed additive is ensured, and the breeding owner can use the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive according to the indication of the content of the probiotics in the specification and according to the requirement.
The invention aims to provide a compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics.
In order to realize the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: in every 1000 g of the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics, 50-150 g of compound ginkgo leaf extract, 50-150 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder, 50-150 g of Bacillus licheniformis dry powder and the balance of decoction dreg powder filling materials are added; the compound ginkgo leaf extract is prepared from ginkgo leaves and ginseng leaves according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, crushing ginkgo leaves and ginseng leaves into 50-60 meshes of powder, dissolving the powder in ethanol water solution with the concentration of 10 times of 55-65% V/V, and dynamically stirring for 5 hours at the temperature of 40-43 ℃ at the stirring speed of 50 r/min; (2) after stirring, raising the temperature to 95-98 ℃ for reflux extraction for 2 hours, and performing reflux extraction for at least 2 times; (3) mixing the above extractive solutions, and centrifuging at high speed to obtain supernatant; (4) concentrating the centrifugate under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.15-1.20 (60-65 ℃); (5) and drying the clear paste in vacuum at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the compound ginkgo leaf extract.
The total content of the ginkgo total flavonoids in the compound ginkgo leaf extract prepared by the method is 26-28%. The content of total ginkgetin can be determined in literature (food science, 2002, 4 months, 23 (4): 105).
The weight ratio of the lactobacillus plantarum dry powder to the Bacillus licheniformis dry powder to the compound ginkgo biloba extract to the residue filler is determined by the thallus dry powder and the thallus content of the final product.
The high-speed centrifugation condition is 18000-22000 r/min, and a disc centrifuge is preferably used.
The vacuum concentration condition is vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.085 MPa and temperature of 55 to 70 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics is a conventional method.
The medicine residue filling material is prepared from the ginkgo leaves and the ginseng leaves according to the mass ratio of 5: 1 proportion, drying and crushing the filter residue after preparing the compound ginkgo leaf extract into 80-mesh powder.
The lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum) dry powder and the Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) dry powder can be all lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus licheniformis preparations which are sold in the market and used as feed additives, and can also be prepared by the existing method, for example, the lactobacillus plantarum dry powder and the Bacillus licheniformis dry powder can be cultured by liquid fermentation equipment, then ultracentrifugation is carried out by 50000r/min, thalli in fermentation liquor are separated, bacterial sludge is dried by a hot air or vacuum freeze drying way, and the viable bacteria concentration of the obtained bacterial dry powder exceeds 200 billion per gram.
The ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf are taken as base materials to be extracted in a backflow mode to prepare a compound ginkgo leaf extract, the compound ginkgo leaf extract is mixed with lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus licheniformis active probiotic dry powder, then the powder of dregs after the ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf are extracted is used as a filling agent to be mixed to prepare a product, when the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive is used, the compound ginkgo leaf additive rich in probiotics and feed are fully mixed, then proper water is added and uniformly stirred, so that the probiotics are uniformly adhered to the surface of the feed, and the utilization rate of the probiotics is improved.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) mixing folium Ginkgo and folium Ginseng according to the ratio of 5: the ethanol water solution is used for stirring and soaking at 40-43 ℃ according to the proportion of 1, so that the soluble components can be fully dissolved out, and the dissolution rate is improved. According to the invention, the ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf extracts are detected, the total flavone content is 26-28%, then the extracted leaf residues are dried and crushed into 80-mesh powder as a filling material, not only is the principle of resource conservation fully utilized, but also the inexhaustible components of the ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf extracts can be fully utilized, compared with the existing preparation additive products containing probiotics, the preparation additive products usually take calcium carbonate, bran, corn flour, zeolite powder, stone powder, shell powder and white carbon black as carriers (filling materials), so that the preparation additive products have the naturalness and nutrition, meanwhile, the utilization of waste resources is promoted, and the pollution of the dregs to the environment is avoided.
(2) The compound ginkgo leaf extract in the feed additive can realize the pharmacological effect of the known ginkgo leaves, and the added ginseng leaves can strengthen the inherent pharmacological activity of the two medicines (Gigongfu, edited by Gigongfu's institute of New use of clinical medicines, 2 nd edition, 1220 pages). The lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus licheniformis components added in the feed additive are matched with the compound ginkgo biloba extract, so that the feed additive has good promoting effect on the growth and development of animals and the improvement of immunity. Meanwhile, the lactobacillus plantarum and the bacillus licheniformis can also play a role in preventing diseases, colonize in gastrointestinal tracts and prevent harmful bacteria from being propagated. Meanwhile, the ginkgo leaves and the ginseng leaves in the compound ginkgo extract contain a large amount of polysaccharide, amino acid, vitamin, macroelement, mineral element, microelement and other nutrient substances required by the development of probiotics, so that the nutritive value of the probiotics is improved, the metabolism of animals is promoted, the disease resistance of organisms is improved, the digestibility and the absorption rate of gastrointestinal tracts are improved, the growth of the animals is promoted, and the economic benefit is finally improved.
(3) The feed additive provided by the invention can be used for remarkably improving the survival rate of thalli in a closed package and ensuring the reliability of the live thalli amount. When in use, the feed additive and the feed are fully mixed, then proper water is added, and the mixture is uniformly stirred, so that the probiotics are uniformly adhered to the surface of the feed, the utilization rate of the probiotics can be improved, the feed can be used for preparing nutrient medicine feed such as vitamins and trace elements, the adhesion effect between the medicine and the feed can be increased, and the medicine utilization rate can be improved.
The invention relates to a pollution-free feed additive which takes ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf extracts as base materials and is rich in probiotics, the ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf are extracted by adopting a specific process, and then the components of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder and bacillus licheniformis dry powder are combined, so that the pharmacological efficacy of the ginkgo leaf and the viable bacteria of the contained probiotics can be well achieved, the purposes of preventing diseases and promoting the growth of animals are realized, the medicine dregs after the ginkgo leaf and ginseng leaf are extracted are dried and crushed to be used as the filling material of the feed additive, all natural components are adopted, and no harmful chemical reagent is used for extraction treatment, so that the feed additive meets the requirements of the modern breeding industry on green, safety and pollution-free, and further provides guarantee for the consumption and use of livestock and poultry food.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the applicability of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example 1
Preparing a compound ginkgo leaf extract:
(1) weighing 50kg of dried ginkgo leaves and 10kg of ginseng leaves, crushing into 50-mesh powder, putting into a vessel containing 600kg of 55% V/V ethanol water solution, heating and preserving heat at 43 ℃, and stirring for 5 hours at the stirring speed of 50 r/min; (2) after stirring, reflux extraction is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 98 ℃; filtering to obtain reflux liquid, adding the residue into 600kg of 55% V/V ethanol solution, reflux extracting at 98 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain reflux extractive solution; filtering residues for later use; (3) mixing the above extractive solutions, and centrifuging at 18000r/min with a disk centrifuge to obtain centrifugate; (4) concentrating the centrifugate at the temperature of 60 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.05 MPa to obtain clear paste with the relative density of 1.15 (60-65 ℃); (5) vacuum drying the fluid extract at 80 deg.C to obtain compound folium Ginkgo extract. The content of the total flavone in the compound ginkgo leaf extract is 26.52 percent by measurement.
Example 2
Preparing the slag powder:
microwave drying the filter residue obtained in the step (2) in the embodiment 1, and crushing the filter residue into 80-mesh powder to obtain compound ginkgo leaf residue powder which is used as a filling material of the probiotic-rich compound ginkgo leaf feed additive for later use.
Example 3
Preparing a compound ginkgo leaf extract:
(1) weighing 50kg of dried ginkgo leaves and 10kg of ginseng leaves, crushing into 60-mesh powder, putting into a vessel containing 600kg of 65% V/V ethanol water solution, heating and preserving heat at 40 ℃, and stirring for 5 hours at the stirring speed of 50 r/min; (2) after stirring, reflux extraction is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 95 ℃; filtering to obtain reflux liquid, adding the residue into 600kg 65% V/V ethanol solution, reflux extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain reflux extractive solution; adding 600kg of 65% V/V ethanol solution into the residue, reflux-extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain reflux extractive solution; the medicine residues are reserved; (3) mixing the three extractive solutions, and centrifuging at 22000r/min with a disk centrifuge to obtain centrifugate; (4) concentrating the centrifugate at 55 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.075 MPa to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.18 (60-65 ℃); (5) vacuum drying the fluid extract at 70 deg.C to obtain compound folium Ginkgo extract. The content of the total flavone in the compound ginkgo leaf extract is 28.34 percent by measurement.
Example 4
Preparing the slag powder:
and (3) drying the filter residue obtained in the step (2) in the embodiment 3 by microwave, and crushing the filter residue into 80-mesh powder to obtain compound ginkgo leaf residue powder which is used as a filling material of the probiotic-rich compound ginkgo leaf feed additive for later use.
Example 5
Preparing a compound ginkgo leaf extract:
(1) weighing 50kg of dried ginkgo leaves and 10kg of ginseng leaves, crushing into 55-mesh powder, putting into a vessel containing 600kg of 60% V/V ethanol water solution, heating and preserving heat at 43 ℃, and stirring for 5 hours at the stirring speed of 50 r/min; (2) after stirring, reflux extraction is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 96 ℃; filtering to obtain reflux liquid, adding the residue into 600kg of 60% V/V ethanol solution, reflux extracting at 96 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain reflux extractive solution; filtering residues for later use; (3) mixing the above extractive solutions, and centrifuging at 20000r/min with a disk centrifuge to obtain centrifugate; (4) concentrating the centrifugate at 55 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.085 MPa to obtain clear paste with the relative density of 1.20 (60-65 ℃); (5) vacuum drying the fluid extract at 70 deg.C to obtain compound folium Ginkgo extract. The content of the total flavone in the compound ginkgo leaf extract is determined to be 27.41 percent.
Example 6
Preparing the slag powder:
and (3) drying the filter residue obtained in the step (2) in the embodiment 5 by microwave, and crushing the filter residue into 80-mesh powder to obtain compound ginkgo leaf residue powder which is used as a filling material of the probiotic-rich compound ginkgo leaf feed additive for later use.
Example 7
Respectively and independently culturing lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus licheniformis by using a corresponding optimized culture medium through liquid fermentation equipment, then separating out thalli in fermentation liquor by using an ultracentrifuge, and drying the centrifuged bacterial sludge in a hot air or vacuum freeze drying mode to obtain lactobacillus plantarum dry powder with the viable bacteria content of 400 hundred million/g, wherein the bacillus licheniformis dry powder with the viable bacteria content of 400 hundred million/g.
Example 8
Weighing 50 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in example 7 and 150 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 200 g of dry thallus powder, adding 50 g of compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in example 1 into the mixed dry thallus powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the obtained mixture and 750 g of residue powder filler obtained in example 3 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively packaging, and obtaining the additive I. The additive contains lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria of 20 hundred million/g; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 60 hundred million/gram.
Example 9
Weighing 50 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in the embodiment 7 and 50 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 100 g of thallus dry powder, adding 150 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in the embodiment 3 into the mixed thallus dry powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 750 g of the residue powder filler obtained in the embodiment 4 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively packaging, and obtaining the additive II. The additive contains lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria of 20 hundred million/g; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 20 hundred million/g.
Example 10
Weighing 100 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in the embodiment 7 and 100 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 200 g of dry thallus powder, adding 100 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in the embodiment 3 into the mixed dry thallus powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 700 g of the residue powder filler obtained in the embodiment 4 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantifying and subpackaging to obtain the additive III. The additive contains lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria 40 hundred million/g; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 40 hundred million/g.
Example 11
Weighing 150 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in example 7 and 150 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 300 g of thallus dry powder, adding 150 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in example 5 into the mixed thallus dry powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 550 g of the residue powder filler obtained in example 6 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively packaging, and obtaining the additive IV. The additive contains 60 hundred million/g of lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 60 hundred million/gram.
Example 12
Weighing 100 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in the embodiment 7 and 150 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 250 g of dry thallus powder, adding 100 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in the embodiment 5 into the mixed dry thallus powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 650 g of the decoction dreg powder filler obtained in the embodiment 6 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively subpackaging, and thus obtaining the additive V. The additive contains lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria 40 hundred million/g; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 60 hundred million/gram.
Example 13
Weighing 150 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in the embodiment 7 and 100 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 250 g of dry thallus powder, adding 100 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in the embodiment 3 into the mixed dry thallus powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 650 g of the decoction dreg powder filler obtained in the embodiment 4 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively subpackaging, and thus obtaining the additive VI. The additive contains 60 hundred million/g of lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 40 hundred million/g.
Example 14
Weighing 120 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder obtained in the embodiment 7 and 150 g of bacillus licheniformis dry powder, mixing into 270 g of dry thallus powder, adding 150 g of the compound ginkgo leaf extract obtained in the embodiment 5 into the mixed dry thallus powder, fully and uniformly mixing, putting the mixture and 580 g of the residue powder filler obtained in the embodiment 6 into a stirrer, fully mixing, sealing, quantitatively subpackaging, and thus obtaining the additive VII. The additive contains lactobacillus plantarum viable bacteria in an amount of 48 hundred million/g; the viable bacteria content of the bacillus licheniformis is 60 hundred million/gram.
The survival rates of various thalli contained in the product are compared and observed, the results are shown in an attached table 1, additives I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII of the product are stored at 25 ℃ in a light-tight way, then samples are taken periodically to check the survival rates of various thalli, a control group I does not contain compound ginkgo leaf extract and herb residue powder, all fillers are corn flour, a control group II does not contain compound ginkgo leaf extract and herb residue powder, all fillers are bran, the content of viable bacteria of lactobacillus plantarum of the control group I is 40 hundred million/g, and the content of viable bacteria of bacillus licheniformis is 60 hundred million/g; the content of viable lactobacillus plantarum in the control group II is 60 hundred million/g, and the content of viable bacillus licheniformis is 40 hundred million/g.
Comparing the survival rate of the bacteria of the additive containing the compound ginkgo leaf extract and the compound ginkgo leaf decoction dreg powder with that of the control group not containing the compound ginkgo leaf extract and the decoction dreg powder:
attached table 1:
the comparative observation results show that after the lactobacillus plantarum is stored for 12 months at 25 ℃, the average survival rate of the lactobacillus plantarum in the additive I, the additive II, the additive III, the additive IV, the additive V, the additive VI and the additive VII is higher than that of a control group by more than 18 percent, and the average survival rate of the bacillus licheniformis is higher than that of the control group by more than 22 percent. The fillers added into the control groups I and II have no adhesion, so that the survival conditions of the thalli are not good, and the survival rate of the thalli is reduced. As can be seen from the observation result analysis, the additive product of the invention has good quality stability, and particularly the survival rate of the thalli is guaranteed. The additive product has quality assurance of batch processing production.
(1) Meat feeding-free test
100 meat rabbits with the average weaning weight of 1100 g and the basically same development condition at 35 days are taken and randomly divided into 5 groups, each group comprises 20 meat rabbits, the group 1 is a blank control group, and 502 growing rabbit complete materials produced by Xiao Setaria technologies development Limited company in Zhou Feizhou are adopted: feeding crude protein more than or equal to 16%, crude fiber 15-20%, lysine more than or equal to 0.8%, methionine and cystine more than or equal to 0.6%, and water less than or equal to 13%; groups 2-3 are experimental groups, and 1.5% by mass of the feed additive of the embodiments 12 and 13 of the invention is added on the basis of the 502 growing rabbit complete feed; groups 4-5 are comparative test groups, the feed additives of the invention examples 12 and 13 with the mass percentage of 2 percent are added on the basis of 502 full-value growing rabbit feed, the comparative test groups are fed for 40 days, the average weight increase condition of each group is compared, the growth condition of meat rabbits in the time period is recorded, and the specific results are as follows:
group 1: the blank control group has the average weight of 2630 g, the average weight gain of 1530 g, the daily weight gain of 38.25 g and the average weight gain rate of 139.09 percent, and 4 diseases but no death occur in the period;
group 2: example 12 group, mean weight 2745 g, mean weight gain 1645 g, daily weight gain 46.13 g, mean weight gain 149.55%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 3: example 13 group, mean weight 2748 g, mean weight gain 1648 g, daily weight gain 41.2 g, mean weight gain 149.82%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 4: example 12 group, mean weight 2747 g, mean weight gain 1647 g, daily weight gain 41.18 g, mean weight gain 149.72%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 5: example 13 group, mean weight 2746 g, mean weight gain 1646 g, daily weight gain 41.15 g, mean weight gain 149.64%, during which no symptoms occurred;
wherein the rate of weight gain = (end-of-initial body weight of test)/initial body weight × 100%.
The test results show that the product can effectively promote the growth of the meat rabbits, the average weight gain rate of the product is obviously higher than that of a blank control group, and the product is necessary for achieving the technical effect regardless of the formula composition or the preparation process. According to the test, the additive of examples 12 and 13 added to groups 4 and 5 is 2% higher than that of groups 2-30.5 percentage points, and the results show that the average weight gain difference between group 4 and group 2 is 0.17%, and the average weight gain difference between group 5 and group 3 is 0.16%. As can be seen from the difference of comparison, the growth effect of the additive of the invention which is given to the growing meat rabbits according to the feed addition mass ratio of 1.5 percent and 2 percent has no obvious influence, and the range of the addition amount of 1.5 percent to 2 percent is suitable. By adopting the product and feeding the product of the test example with basically the same composition, the meat rabbits have no diseases, and the feed additive disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the immunity of the meat rabbits and the disease resistance of the meat rabbits.
(2) Mutton sheep (fattening transition period and fattening early period) feeding test
50 sheep in the growing period with the same weight and development status are taken and randomly divided into 5 groups, the group 1 is a blank control group, and the sheep mixed grass pellet feed produced by Zhou Zhan Xiaohe scientific and technological development Limited company (the feed number is 900; the enterprise standard record number is QXHKJ12-2017, the barley, the bean pulp, the wheat bran, the corn bran, the alfalfa, the peanut vine and the like are taken as main raw materials, vitamins, mineral elements, sodium chloride and the like are added in proper amount, the nutritional indexes are that crude protein is more than or equal to 10 percent, crude fiber is less than or equal to 35.0 percent, crude ash is less than or equal to 20.0 percent, calcium is 0.5-1.5 percent, total phosphorus is more than or equal to 0.3 percent, and sodium chloride is 0.5-1.5; groups 2-3 are experimental groups, and 2.0% by mass of the feed additive of the embodiments 12 and 13 of the invention is added on the basis of the number 900 feed; groups 4-5 are comparative test groups, 2.5% by weight of the feed additives of comparative test examples 12 and 13 are added on the basis of the 900-numbered feed, the feed is fed for 60 days, the average weight increase condition of each group is compared, the growth condition of the growing sheep in the time period is recorded, and the specific results are as follows:
group 1: the control group, which had an average weight gain of 138.72%, had 4 cases of disease during the period, mainly 2 diarrhea and 2 fever symptoms, but no death occurred;
group 2: example 12 group, mean weight gain 197.07%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 3: example 13 group, mean weight gain 199.05%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 4: example 12 group, mean weight gain 197.16%, during which no symptoms occurred;
group 5: example 13 group, mean weight gain 198.75%, during which no symptoms occurred;
wherein the rate of weight gain = (end-of-initial body weight of test)/initial body weight × 100%.
The test results show that the product of the invention can effectively promote the growth of mutton sheep in the growing period, the average weight gain rate is obviously higher than that of a blank control group, the addition amount of the additives of the examples 12 and 13 is 2.5% and is 2-30.5% higher than that of the group from 4 to 5, the result shows that the average weight gain difference of the group 4 and the group 2 is 0.09%, the average weight gain difference of the group 5 and the group 3 is-0.03%, and the comparison difference shows that the weight gain effect of the additive of the invention according to the addition amount of 2.0-2.5% of the feed addition mass ratio on the growing sheep has no significant influence, and the addition amount range of the growing sheep is suitable for being 2.0-2.5%. When the feed additive is used for feeding mutton sheep, no diseases occur in the growing mutton sheep, and the feed additive is proved to be capable of effectively improving the immunity of the growing mutton sheep and improving the disease resistance of the growing mutton sheep.
In the popularization process of the product, the growth promoting effect of the product on the later stage of poultry such as chickens and ducks and fattening sheep, the growth of meat piglets and cattle is found to be good.
Claims (4)
1. The compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: in every 1000 g of the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics, 50-150 g of compound ginkgo leaf extract, 50-150 g of lactobacillus plantarum dry powder, 50-150 g of Bacillus licheniformis dry powder and the balance of decoction dreg powder filling materials are added; the compound ginkgo leaf extract is prepared from ginkgo leaves and ginseng leaves according to the mass ratio of 5: 1, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, crushing ginkgo leaves and ginseng leaves into 50-60 meshes of powder, dissolving the powder in ethanol water solution with the concentration of 10 times of 55-65% V/V, and dynamically stirring for 5 hours at the temperature of 40-43 ℃ at the stirring speed of 50 r/min; (2) after stirring, raising the temperature to 95-98 ℃ for reflux extraction for 2 hours, and performing reflux extraction for at least 2 times; (3) mixing the above extractive solutions, and centrifuging at high speed to obtain supernatant; (4) concentrating the centrifugate under reduced pressure to obtain a clear paste with the relative density of 1.15-1.20 at 60-65 ℃; (5) vacuum drying the fluid extract at 70-80 deg.C to obtain compound folium Ginkgo extract; the content of the compound ginkgo biloba extract ginkgo total flavonoids is 27-28%; the compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics is added into livestock and poultry feed in an amount of 1.5-2.5% by mass.
2. The probiotic-enriched compound ginkgo leaf feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the high-speed centrifugation condition is 18000-22000 r/min; preferably, a disk centrifuge is used.
3. The probiotic-enriched compound ginkgo leaf feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of reduced pressure concentration are vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.085 MPa and temperature of 55 ℃ to 70 ℃.
4. The compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics according to claim 1, wherein the decoction dreg filling material is prepared from ginkgo leaves and ginseng leaves according to a mass ratio of 5: 1 proportion, drying and crushing the filter residue after preparing the compound ginkgo leaf extract into 80-mesh powder.
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| CN202010847281.XA CN111903840A (en) | 2020-08-21 | 2020-08-21 | Compound ginkgo leaf feed additive rich in probiotics |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114480219A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-13 | 中南大学 | Microbial functional flora for improving terpene lactone content of ginkgo in ginkgo leaves and preparation and application thereof |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114480219A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-13 | 中南大学 | Microbial functional flora for improving terpene lactone content of ginkgo in ginkgo leaves and preparation and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |