CN113768042A - Traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113768042A CN113768042A CN202110873474.7A CN202110873474A CN113768042A CN 113768042 A CN113768042 A CN 113768042A CN 202110873474 A CN202110873474 A CN 202110873474A CN 113768042 A CN113768042 A CN 113768042A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound and a preparation method and application thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound provided by the invention is prepared by taking traditional Chinese medicine residues as raw materials and fermenting at least twice by using compound zymophyte; wherein the composite fermentation bacteria comprise at least two of Inonotus obliquus, Bacillus subtilis and yeast. The invention utilizes the composite zymophyte to ferment the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and uses the traditional Chinese medicine dregs as the feed additive, thereby conforming to the current development trend of green and environmental protection, realizing the cyclic utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs and improving the economic benefit of traditional Chinese medicine production enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine waste residue treatment, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermentation compound and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The quality safety of the feed is the first gateway for ensuring the safety of animal products and food. With the development of society and the continuous improvement of the safety requirements of livestock products, the concept of feed quality safety has been extended at present, the addition of drugs and the use of clenbuterol are not prohibited, but the concept is brought into a safety system developed by the whole society, and the nonreactive breeding has become a big trend of livestock breeding in China. Therefore, the healthy cultivation idea is not easy to implement, and the cultivation mode without resistance and health needs to be further concentrated. The development of healthy green pollution-free products is not slow.
The dregs of a decoction generated after the traditional Chinese medicine is processed still contain crude protein, crude fat, crude cellulose, alkaloid with strong physiological activity and capable of enhancing the immunity of the organism, saponin and other components, and the substances have certain disease prevention effect and feeding value and are a feed resource with great development potential. However, in China, the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are subjected to post-treatment by adopting a stacking, burning and burying method, so that the environment is polluted, and the resource is seriously wasted. How to develop and utilize the traditional Chinese medicine dregs according to the application of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs so as to improve the economic benefit becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermented compound and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above objects, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fermented traditional Chinese medicine residue compound, which is prepared by fermenting traditional Chinese medicine residues as raw materials for at least two times by using compound zymophyte; wherein the composite fermentation bacteria comprise at least two of Inonotus obliquus, Bacillus subtilis and yeast.
Preferably, the complex fermentation bacteria include inonotus obliquus, bacillus subtilis and/or yeast.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out primary fermentation on traditional Chinese medicine dregs by using inonotus obliquus to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment liquid;
and 2, performing secondary fermentation on the traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid by using bacillus subtilis and/or saccharomycetes to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound prepared in the first aspect or the second aspect, and the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound is preferably used in the field of feed.
The traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermentation compound and the preparation method and application thereof have the beneficial effects that:
(1) after the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are fermented by the inonotus obliquus, oligomeric polysaccharide and other active functional metabolites beneficial to organisms can be generated, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes are further added for secondary fermentation, and the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes interact with each other to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermentation compound which contains rich bioactive peptides, certain saccharomycetes and a culture thereof;
(2) the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound is added into the feed, so that the diarrhea incidence of piglets can be effectively reduced, the feed intake and the feed conversion ratio are improved, the palatability of the feed can be effectively improved, the feed conversion rate is improved, the slaughtering weight of fattening pigs is improved, and the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound has the characteristics of remarkable economy, environmental friendliness and high efficiency;
(3) the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation method is simple, the traditional Chinese medicine dregs can be utilized after secondary fermentation treatment, post-treatment is not needed, the cost is saved, and the development trend of current green environmental protection is met;
(4) the invention can realize the recycling of the waste residue of the traditional Chinese medicine, improves the economic benefit of traditional Chinese medicine production enterprises and has great popularization and application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the variation of the nutrient content of the fermented compound of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs before and after fermentation;
FIG. 2 is a graph of alkaline protease activity data for the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation complex of the present invention at different fermentation times.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound, which is prepared by fermenting traditional Chinese medicine residues serving as raw materials for at least two times by using compound zymophyte; wherein the composite fermentation bacteria comprise at least two of Inonotus obliquus, Bacillus subtilis and yeast.
Preferably, the complex fermentation bacteria include inonotus obliquus, bacillus subtilis and/or yeast.
The white rot fungi are only microorganisms capable of fully degrading lignocellulose, the inonotus obliquus is one of the white rot fungi, and the current research on the inonotus obliquus only needs to change fermentation conditions and fermentation medium components to obtain higher yield, so that the attention on the characteristic of decomposing lignocellulose of the inonotus obliquus is obviously insufficient. Therefore, the invention utilizes the inonotus obliquus to decompose the traditional Chinese medicine dregs, so that the oligomeric polysaccharide and other active functional metabolites beneficial to the organism are generated, and precondition is provided for the recycling of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs.
Among the microorganisms of the feed additive, the bacillus subtilis has the functions of improving the intestinal tracts of animals, promoting the growth of the animals, preventing diseases and the like. The bacillus subtilis exists in the preparation in the form of endogenous spores, and after the spores enter animal intestinal tracts, the spores can be rapidly reactivated at the upper parts of the intestinal tracts and secrete high-activity protease, lipase and amylase, so that the bacillus subtilis is beneficial to degrading complex carbohydrates in traditional Chinese medicine residues, generates polypeptide substances with antagonistic action on intestinal pathogenic bacteria and the like, and plays a role in bacteriostasis and prevention. The yeast can also secrete various amylases, proteases, cellulases and the like, so that the digestion and utilization of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs can be enhanced, the growth of livestock and poultry can be promoted, the appetite of the livestock and poultry can be promoted, and the disease resistance and stress resistance can be enhanced. Therefore, the invention further utilizes the bacillus subtilis and the yeast to carry out secondary fermentation, and the bacillus subtilis and the yeast interact with each other to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine dregs fermentation compound which contains bioactive peptides, can improve palatability and is easy for animal digestion; and the feed contains certain saccharomycetes and a culture thereof, so that the absorption and utilization rate of the feed can be improved, and the diarrhea incidence of piglets is effectively reduced.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out primary fermentation on the traditional Chinese medicine dregs by using inonotus obliquus to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment liquid.
In the present invention, Inonotus obliquus, preferably Inonotus obliquus BNCC117822, is commercially available, for example from the institute of Biotechnology, North Beijing, Innovation Union of Beijing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to uniformly and completely ferment the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the method further comprises the step of pretreating the traditional Chinese medicine residues before the step 1, wherein the pretreatment comprises washing, drying, grinding, sieving and collecting the traditional Chinese medicine residues with 40-140 meshes. Specifically, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are washed for at least three times by using distilled water, then naturally dried, ground and sieved, and the traditional Chinese medicine residues of 40-140 meshes are collected, more preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine residues of 60-120 meshes are collected and then bagged and stored in a dry place for later use.
Wherein the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are qi-tonifying and qi-benefiting traditional Chinese medicine dregs, and the ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs comprise at least one of Chinese date, ginseng, astragalus and dandelion root. The Chinese medicinal residue can be purchased from Changchun Chinese medicinal preparation company, for example.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step 1 may further comprise the following sub-steps:
step 1-1, inoculating inonotus obliquus in an agar culture medium to obtain a first-level seed.
In the present invention, the agar medium includes peptone, agar and malt extract powder; wherein the mass ratio of peptone, agar and malt extract powder is 1 (3-8) to (8-12).
According to the invention, in the step 1-1, the culture temperature is 20-30 ℃, the culture time is 2-10 days, and the pH is kept natural. For example, the culture is carried out at 22 to 28 ℃ for 5 to 7 days.
The specific process can be as follows: preparing a test tube containing 5-10 mL of sterile water, 2 agar culture mediums and a freeze-drying tube filled with freeze-dried powder of inonotus obliquus BNCC 117822;
sucking 0.5mL of sterile water, pumping into a freeze-drying tube, and uniformly mixing;
respectively sucking 0.2mL of bacterial suspension, adding the bacterial suspension into 2 agar culture media, and uniformly coating;
placing two agar culture media containing the bacterial suspension at 22-28 ℃ and culturing for 5-7 days.
And step 1-2, inoculating the primary seeds into a liquid culture medium to obtain secondary seeds.
In the present invention, the liquid medium includes peptone, glucose, yeast extract and inorganic salts. Wherein the mass ratio of peptone, glucose, yeast extract and inorganic salt is (1-5): 15-25): 1- (1-4). Preferably, the inorganic salt comprises mainly calcium chloride, CaCl2KH potassium dihydrogen phosphate2PO4And magnesium sulfate MgSO4. Wherein CaCl2、KH2PO4And MgSO4The mass ratio of (1), (1) to (3) to (0.05-0.15).
The liquid medium is prepared by mixing peptone, glucose, yeast extract and inorganic salt, and diluting to 100mL with distilled water, wherein pH is kept natural.
The inonotus obliquus is slow in growth and low in yield, so that the inonotus obliquus is cultured by adopting a liquid culture medium to obtain a robust strain with high activity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cultivation temperature in step 1-2 is 20-30 ℃ and the stirring speed is 100-180 rpm/min.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the strain status in the liquid culture medium is dense pellets, the liquid culture medium is transferred to a refrigerator for refrigeration and preservation of the strain.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid medium is rendered sterile for the purpose of sterilization. Before the step 1-2, the method further comprises the step of placing the liquid culture medium in a high-temperature sterilization pot for sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 110-140 ℃, and the sterilization time is 15-40 min. Preferably, the sterilization temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the sterilization time is 20-40 min, for example, sterilization is 30min at 121 ℃.
And step 1-3, inoculating the secondary seeds into a fermentation culture medium added with traditional Chinese medicine dregs, and performing primary fermentation to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment solution.
According to the invention, liquid fermentation is adopted, so that the substrate can be fully contacted with the fermentation product, and the problems of slow growth and low yield of the inonotus obliquus are further solved.
The invention establishes a culture medium and a production process suitable for high-density fermentation of inonotus obliquus, and can greatly improve the viable count of the inonotus obliquus.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the steps 1 to 3, the nitrogen source is an organic nitrogen source including at least one of peptone, beef extract and yeast extract and/or an inorganic nitrogen source including urea and/or (NH)4)2SO4。
It was found that (NH) was used in the same fermentation time during the nitrogen source selection4)2SO4When the urea is used as the nitrogen source, the degradation rate of lignin and cellulose can reach more than 40 percent, and when the urea is used as the nitrogen source, the cellulose is degradedThe degradation rate can reach more than 40%, the lignin degradation rate is obviously lower, generally about 20-30%, when peptone, beef extract or yeast extract is used as a nitrogen source, the lignin degradation rate is obviously lower, about 20-30%, and the cellulose degradation rate can reach more than 50%.
Meanwhile, the selection coefficient of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs is evaluated, and the selection coefficient is lignin degradation rate/cellulose degradation rate. When using (NH)4)2SO4When the nitrogen source is used, the selection coefficient is the highest and is about 0.87, and the selection coefficient of the organic nitrogen source is obviously lower than that of the inorganic nitrogen source. Therefore, the present invention preferably selects (NH)4)2SO4And (4) making a nitrogen source. The promotion effect of the inorganic nitrogen source on the selection coefficient is better than that of the organic nitrogen source; the culture conditions have a synergistic effect on the promotion of the selection coefficient.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 1-3, the mass-to-volume ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs to the fermentation medium is (1-20) g:100mL, and more preferably (1-10) g:100 mL.
Researches show that the influence of the change of the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs on the selection coefficient and the degradation rate is less than the change of the nitrogen source variety. The selectivity coefficient is changed with the increase of the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs, but the degradation rate difference is not obvious.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the first fermentation in the step 1-3, the fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃, the fermentation time is 5-15 days, and the stirring speed is 100-180 rpm/min.
Researches show that the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are reduced along with the increase of the fermentation time, and the weight loss of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs is increased, which shows that the inonotus obliquus has high-efficiency degradation effect on the traditional Chinese medicine dregs. The reduction rate of lignin is obviously higher than that of cellulose and hemicellulose, and the selective degradation of the lignin by the inonotus obliquus under the culture condition is reflected. However, when the fermentation time reaches 8 days, the content of lignin and cellulose is kept stable as the fermentation time is continuously increased, and the content of hemicellulose is continuously reduced.
The activity of the lignocellulose degrading enzyme is high firstly and low secondly, and the activity is slightly floating. The enzyme activities of three enzymes including Lac (laccase), LiP (lignin peroxidase) and MnP (manganese peroxidase) for degrading lignin are obviously higher than those of cellulose degrading enzymes FPA, CMC enzyme and beta-glucosidase, and the degradation selectivity is reflected. On day 6 of fermentation, MnP reached a maximum of 317.9 IU/mL.
Wherein, the total reduced sugar content of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs after 2 days of fermentation after 12 hours of enzymolysis reaches 265.82mg/g to the maximum, the sugar yield also reaches 29.61 percent, and the advantage that better effect can be achieved in shorter fermentation time is shown.
The reduction of the total reducing sugar yield is determined by the sum of the contents of cellulose and hemicellulose, and the invention needs to selectively degrade lignin and retain the cellulose and the hemicellulose to improve the sugar yield of saccharification, so the fermentation time of the invention is 5-15 days, preferably 6-7 days.
In the present invention, the fermentation medium comprises corn meal (hydrolyzed), (NH)4)2SO4、CoCl2·6H2O、FeSO4·7H2O、KH2PO4、MgSO4·7H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、MnCl2·4H2O、CaCl2And Tween 80.
Found by research, reduce (NH)4)2SO4、KH2PO4And the amount of Tween80, the pH of the fermentation medium is reduced, and the selection coefficient of the traditional Chinese medicine residues can be improved. Therefore, the raw corn flour (hydrolyzed) and (NH) of the invention4)2SO4、CoCl2·6H2O、FeSO4·7H2O、KH2PO4、MgSO4·7H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、MnCl2·4H2O、CaCl2And Tween80 in a mass-to-volume ratio of (2.5-3.5) g, (0.18-0.3) g, (0.001-0.005) g, (0.003-0.008) g, (0.002-0.007) g, (0.015-0.025) g, (0.001-0.003) g, (0.006-0.012) g, (0.03-0.07) g, (0.35-0.50) mL. More preferably (2.8 to 3.2) g, (0.20 to 0.25) g, (0.001 to 0.003) g, (0.004 to 0.006) g, (0.003 to 0.006) g, (0.018 to 0.022)g:(0.001～0.002)g:(0.007～0.010)g:(0.04～0.06)g:(0.40～0.45)mL。
The fermentation medium is prepared by hydrolyzing corn flour (NH)4)2SO4、CoCl2·6H2O、FeSO4·7H2O、KH2PO4、MgSO4·7H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、MnCl2·4H2O、CaCl2Mixing the mixture with Tween80 according to the proportion, and adjusting the pH value to 4-7 by using distilled water until the volume is 100 mL.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fermentation medium is rendered sterile for the purpose of sterilization. Before the step 1-3, the fermentation medium is placed in a high-temperature sterilization pot for sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 110-140 ℃, and the sterilization time is 15-40 min. Preferably, the sterilization temperature is 120-130 ℃, and the sterilization time is 20-40 min, for example, sterilization is 30min at 121 ℃.
According to the invention, the selection coefficient of the inonotus obliquus for degrading the traditional Chinese medicine residues is 1.23 by adopting the culture conditions, and is increased by 95.23% compared with the traditional selection coefficient.
And 2, performing secondary fermentation on the traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid by using bacillus subtilis and/or saccharomycetes to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound.
In the invention, before the step 2, the method also comprises the step of supplementing (NH) into the traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment liquid4)2SO4The addition amount is 8-12 g/L.
Preferably, the second fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis and yeast.
In the present invention, the bacillus subtilis and the yeast are activated strains, and are preferably activated by a potato sugar water liquid culture medium. Wherein, the liquid culture medium of the potato sugar water can be prepared by self or purchased from the market, for example, from the company of chemical technology (Shanghai) Limited.
Bacillus subtilis, preferably Bacillus subtilis ACCC 01185. The yeast is preferably Saccharomyces cerevisiae, more preferably Saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC 20042.
Bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 are commercially available, for example, from the China agricultural culture Collection.
Wherein, the activation process of the bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 or the saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 is the same, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing a test tube containing 5-10 mL of sterile water, 2 potato sugar water liquid culture media and a freeze-drying tube filled with freeze-dried powder of bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 or saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC 20042;
sucking 0.5mL of sterile water, pumping into a freeze-drying tube, fully dissolving, pumping back into a test tube of the sterile water again, and uniformly mixing;
respectively sucking 0.2mL of bacterial suspension, adding into 2 liquid culture media of potato sugar water, and uniformly coating;
placing the test tube containing the bacterial suspension and 2 liquid culture mediums of potato sugar water solution at 35-39 deg.C, aerobic culturing for 20-60 h, for example culturing for 24-48 h at 37 deg.C.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2, the fermentation temperature is 20 to 35 ℃ and the fermentation time is 2 to 7 days in the second fermentation. The preferable fermentation temperature is 26-33 ℃, and the fermentation time is 2-5 days.
Researches show that the fermentation temperature has the greatest influence on the fermentation of the strains, when the fermentation temperature is 20-35 ℃, preferably 26-33 ℃, for example 30 ℃, the metabolic activity of the strains is greatly promoted, the capability of mutually coordinated fermentation among the strains is enhanced at the temperature, and various detection indexes of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound are most ideal.
The fermentation time has the greatest influence on the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound, and the strain is in a fermentation adjustment stage in the early stage of fermentation, so the mass content values of the small peptides and the total proteins in the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound are an increasing process in the fermentation process, but when the fermentation time is 4 days, the fermentation time is continuously increased, and the increase of the mass content of the small peptides and the total proteins is not obvious, so the fermentation time is 2-7 days, preferably 2-5 days, for example 4 days.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2, the inoculation amount of bacillus subtilis and yeast is 2-10%.
Similarly, the inoculation amount refers to the ratio of the volume of the transferred seed solution to the volume of the inoculated culture medium, and the inoculation amount of the invention is the ratio of the total inoculation volume of the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes to the volume of the inoculated culture medium. The inoculation amount has a great influence on the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound, compared with liquid fermentation, the solid fermentation is characterized in that the inoculated strain cannot be in rapid contact with nutrient substances, fermentation materials and the like to enter a growth logarithmic phase, the strain can only self-proliferate, diffuse and draw the nutrient in the solid fermentation, so that the fermentation time is longer than that of the liquid fermentation, and the inoculation amount is important in the solid fermentation process and directly influences the fermentation time. Therefore, the inoculation amount is 2-10%, preferably 2-6%, for example 4%, and each detection index of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound is most ideal.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 2, the inoculation mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the yeast is 1 (1-5).
Researches show that the inoculation mass ratio of the 2 strains also influences the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound. When the inoculation mass ratio of the 2 strains is 1 (1-5), preferably 1 (1-3), such as 1:2, all detection indexes of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound are most ideal.
In the present invention, the absorbance (OD) value and the number of 2 kinds of bacterial species are measured, and the total number is, for example, 105mL, so that the inoculation mass ratio of 2 species was converted to inoculation volume ratio.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 2, the feed-water ratio of the second fermentation is (1-3.5): 1.
Researches show that the ratio of the materials to the water is the volume ratio of the fermented materials to the water, and the ratio also influences the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound. The water-free fermentation process is characterized in that the strain can not be separated from boiling water during the metabolism, and a fermentation process without free moisture during the solid fermentation is important for ensuring that the strain has normal metabolic capability during the fermentation process and maintaining the water activity of a fermentation substrate, so that a fermentation material needs to contain certain moisture during the fermentation process, namely semi-solid fermentation. When the ratio of the raw materials to the water is (1-3.5): 1, preferably (1-2.5): 1, for example 1:1, each detection index of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound is most ideal.
According to the invention, firstly, the inonotus obliquus is used for decomposing the traditional Chinese medicine dregs to generate the oligomeric polysaccharide and other active functional metabolites beneficial to the organism, thereby providing precondition for the recycling of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs. Meanwhile, the nitrogen source variety of the fermentation medium and the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are optimized, so that the selection coefficient of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs reaches the best.
Secondly, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes are further utilized for secondary fermentation, and the two are interacted to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound which contains bioactive peptides and can improve palatability and improve feed absorption and utilization rate. Meanwhile, the fermentation process is optimized, and a method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound with short fermentation time, simple and convenient operation and good economy is established.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound prepared in the first aspect or the second aspect, and the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound is preferably used in the field of feed.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound is used as a feed additive, the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound is 5-15 per mill of the content of the feed.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe the fermentation complex of Chinese herb medicine dregs, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Examples
Example 1
(1) Pretreatment of traditional Chinese medicine dregs:
cleaning Chinese medicinal residues mainly comprising fructus Jujubae, Ginseng radix, radix astragali and radix Taraxaci with distilled water for 3 times, air drying, grinding, sieving, collecting 60-120 mesh residue granules, bagging, and storing in dry place.
(2) Preparation of a culture medium:
agar medium (w/v): peptone 0.3g, agar 1.5g, malt extract powder 3g, pH remains natural;
liquid medium (w/v): CaCl20.01g, 2g of glucose, 0.1g of yeast extract and KH2PO40.1g, peptone 0.3g, MgSO40.15g, adding distilled water to a constant volume of 100mL, and keeping the pH value natural;
fermentation medium (w/v): corn flour (hydrolyzed) 3.0g, (NH)4)2SO40.222g，CoCl2·6H2O 0.002g，FeSO4·7H2O 0.005g，KH2PO40.004g，MgSO4·7H2O 0.02g，ZnSO4·7H2O 0.001g，MnCl2·4H2O 0.009g，CaCl20.05g, 800.43mL of Tween, and the volume is adjusted to 100mL by distilled water, and the pH value is adjusted to 4.3.
(3) Preparation process of Chinese medicine dreg fermented compound
Inoculating Fuscoporia obliqua BNCC117822 to agar culture medium, culturing at 26 deg.C for 7 days to obtain first-class seed, eluting with 10mL distilled water to obtain first-class seed mother liquor,
the liquid culture medium is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 30min in an autoclave, then 3mL of primary seed mother liquor is inoculated, and the shaking table culture is carried out at the rotation speed of 150rpm/min and the temperature of 28 ℃. When the strain state in the liquid culture medium presents dense bacterium balls, transferring the strain state into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for refrigeration to serve as a secondary seed;
sterilizing the fermentation culture medium in an autoclave at 121 deg.C for 30min, adding 4g of Chinese medicinal residue, inoculating 3mL of secondary seed, shaking table, fermenting for 6 days at 150rpm/min and 28 deg.C to obtain Chinese medicinal residue pretreatment solution;
adding (NH) into the pretreatment liquid of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs4)2SO4The supplement amount is 10g/L, and the material-water ratio is 1:1, wherein the material-water ratio is the volume ratio of the fermentation material to the water in the traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid;
inoculating bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 and saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 with the inoculation amount of 4.0 percent in a mass ratio of 1:2 into the traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid at one time, wherein secondary fermentation is carried out for 4 days at 30 ℃ to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound, and the inoculation amount is the ratio of the total inoculation volume of the bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 and the saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 to the volume of the inoculated traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid.
Examples 2 to 5
A procedure similar to that of example 1, except that the fermentation medium contains a nitrogen source which is different, in turn, beef extract, peptone, yeast extract or urea.
Examples 6 to 10
The process was similar to that of example 1, except that the amounts of the Chinese medicinal residues were 3g, 5g, 10g, 15g and 20g, respectively.
Example 11
The process is similar to that of example 1, except that the inoculation mass ratio (A), the inoculation amount (B), the fermentation time (C), the fermentation temperature (D) and the feed-water ratio (E) of the bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 and the saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 in the second fermentation are different, and the specific data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 data for different fermentation parameters
Examples of the experiments
Experimental example 1 measurement of component content of lignocellulose
(1) The pretreatment liquids of the traditional Chinese medicine residue obtained in example 1 and examples 2 to 5 were subjected to lignocellulose component content measurement.
The experimental result shows that when the first fermentation time is 8 days, the lignin degradation rate of the example 1 is 42.58%, and the cellulose degradation rate is 45.17%; the cellulose degradation rate of 46.23% and the lignin degradation rate of 28.30% were lower in example 5 than in example 1. The lignin degradation rate (28.85%, 25.76%, 23.07%) of examples 2-4 was significantly lower than that of examples 1 and 5, and the cellulose degradation rate (51.89%, 52.34%, 55.84%) was higher than that of examples 1 and 5.
The selectivity factor for example 1 is up to 0.87 (the selectivity factor is the ratio of the rate of lignin degradation to the rate of cellulose degradation). The selection factors of examples 2 to 4 were lower than those of examples 1 and 5.
(2) The pretreatment liquids of the traditional Chinese medicine residue obtained in example 1 and examples 6 to 10 were subjected to lignocellulose component content measurement.
The experimental results show that the selection coefficients of example 6 are 0.89, example 8 are 1.1, example 7 are 0.8, and examples 1 and 9 to 10 are all 0.95 or more. Therefore, the influence of the change of the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs on the selection coefficient and the degradation rate is less than the change of the nitrogen source variety.
Experimental example 2 dynamic degradation test of traditional Chinese medicine residues
The component content of the untreated traditional Chinese medicine dregs of 60-120 meshes is measured to obtain the data in the table 2:
TABLE 2 composition of lignocellulose in untreated traditional Chinese medicine dregs
The experimental result shows that the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are reduced along with the extension of the fermentation days, and the weight loss of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs is increased. On the 2 nd day of fermentation, compared with the blank control group, the weight loss is increased by 16.21%, the lignin is reduced by 25.65%, the cellulose is reduced by 15.3%, the hemicellulose is reduced by 9.1%, and other components are reduced by 39.14%, which shows that the inonotus obliquus has high-efficiency degradation effect on the traditional Chinese medicine residues. When the fermentation is carried out till the 6 th day, the integral loss rate of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs reaches 26.13%, the contents of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are obviously reduced, and the weight of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs is reduced by 29.4%, 24.2% and 19.7% compared with that of a control group. Wherein, the reduction rate of the lignin is obviously higher than that of cellulose and hemicellulose, and the selective degradation of the lignin by the inonotus obliquus under the culture condition is reflected. The 8 th day of fermentation is a turning point, then the content of lignin and cellulose is kept stable, and the content of hemicellulose is continuously reduced. At day 14 of fermentation, hemicellulose reduced by 35.3% compared to the control group. Presumably, under the culture conditions, the high enzyme activity of lignin and cellulose-degrading enzymes is 0-8 days, the hemicellulose-degrading enzymes become dominant enzymes in 8-14 days, and the degradation amount of hemicellulose is increased.
Experimental example 3 measurement of Lignin-degrading enzyme Activity
In the first fermentation process of example 1, the fermentation groups were randomly taken out at 2 days intervals, and after suction filtration, fermentation broth and residue were obtained, and the enzyme activity of the fermentation broth was immediately determined, and the fermentation broth was the crude enzyme solution. The results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 enzyme Activity data of fermentation broths at different fermentation times
As can be seen from Table 3, the activities of the lignocellulose degrading enzymes all showed high-to-low and slightly floating enzyme activities. The enzyme activities of three enzymes including Lac, LiP and MnP for degrading lignin are obviously higher than those of cellulose degrading enzyme FPA, CMC enzyme and beta-glucosidase, and the selectivity of degradation is reflected. On day 6 of fermentation, MnP reached a maximum of 317.9 IU/mL.
EXAMPLE 4 saccharification experiment
In the first fermentation process of example 1, the fermentation groups were randomly taken out at 2 days intervals, after suction filtration, fermentation broth and residue were obtained, and after the residue was separated from the mycelia by a 40 mesh sieve, the whole was collected by a 400 mesh sieve and suction filtered, and dried at 60 ℃ to constant weight. Each group weighed 1g of the residue sample accurately and placed in a 100mL Erlenmeyer flask, and CMC pure enzyme was added in an amount of 20FPU/g, and 1.0mL (pH 5, 0.50mM) of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer and 0.003% tetracycline were added as a bacteriostatic. Parameters of saccharification and enzymolysis: shaking table 150r/min, 60 ℃. Dynamic assay time points within saccharification experimental cycles: 3h,6h,9h,12h,24h,36h and 48h, randomly taking out 3 groups, rapidly cooling and measuring the amount of the reduced sugar, wherein the measuring method is the same as the above method.
Wherein the glycation degree [% ] is the total amount of reducing sugars × 0.9/(total amount of hemicellulose and cellulose substrate) × 100%.
The experimental result shows that after 12 hours of enzymolysis of the residues after 2 days of fermentation, the total reduced sugar amount reaches 265.82mg/g to the maximum, the sugar yield reaches 29.61%, which is higher than the residues after more than 2 days of fermentation, and the result shows that the short-time fermentation can achieve higher saccharification rate.
Experimental example 5 method for measuring content of small peptide
The content of small peptides was determined for the fermented complex of herb residue obtained in the second fermentation in example 11. The specific results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 content of small peptides corresponding to different fermentation parameters in example 11
As can be seen from Table 4, the inoculation mass ratio, the inoculation amount, the fermentation time, the fermentation temperature and the feed-water ratio of the bacillus subtilis ACCC01185 and the saccharomyces cerevisiae ACCC20042 all influence the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound. In example 1, when m (bacillus subtilis) and m (saccharomyces cerevisiae) are 1:2, the inoculation amount (V/V) is 4.0/100, the material-water ratio (V/V) is 1:1, the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, and the fermentation time is 96 ℃, the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound with higher quality can be obtained.
Experimental example 6 quality analysis of fermented Chinese medicine residue composition
The total protein content, the organic acid content, and the alkaline protease activity of the fermented Chinese medicinal herb residue compound of example 1 were measured, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 1 and 2.
As can be seen from figure 1, the total protein content in the fermented traditional Chinese medicine residue compound is increased by 10.5% and reaches 33.8% on the basis of raw materials; the content of the small peptide after fermentation is 7.02 times of that before fermentation, and reaches 23.6 percent; the organic acid content reaches 3.27%, so that the acidity of animal digestive tract can be improved, the activity of harmful microorganisms in the digestive tract can be inhibited, and the digestion and absorption of nutrient substances can be promoted.
The soybean trypsin inhibitor is degraded from 25.4mg/100g to 0.25mg/100g below the content specified by the feed standard, and the soybean trypsin inhibitor in the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermentation compound is effectively degraded, so that the digestibility of animals on protein and various nutrients is improved.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the yield of the alkaline protease is continuously increased 36h before fermentation, the enzyme activity is continuously increased, but the enzyme activity reaches the highest value of 2340.72U/g when the fermentation is carried out for 36h, and then the enzyme activity is slowly decreased.
Experimental example 7 animal experiments
(1) The influence of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermentation compound on the feed intake, growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned pigs.
Healthy and large weaned piglets (7.44 +/-0.29 kg) with uniform weight are selected and divided into 4 treatments, each treatment is repeated for 6 times, and each treatment is repeated for 7 times. Experimental groups 1 to 3 the fermented compound of the herb residue obtained in example 1 was used as a feed additive for feeding piglets.
The control group is fed with common feed for sucking pig; the common piglet feed formula is designed and prepared according to the nutritional requirements of NRC (1998) piglets, the composition and nutritional level of daily ration are shown in Table 6, and the feed is prepared into pellet feed.
TABLE 5 piglet experimental design
TABLE 6 composition of daily ration and nutrient content (%)
Note: 1. crude protein, lysine, methionine, cystine, threonine, calcium and phosphorus were calculated (according to the Chinese feed ingredients and nutritional value table (2009).
Note: 2. providing per kilogram of daily ration: vitamin a, 11000 IU; vitamin D3, 2305 IU; vitamin E, 34.1 IU; vitamin K, 2.3 mg; thiamine, 5.77 mg; riboflavin, 6.22 mg; vitamin B6, 9.45 mg; pantothenic acid, 20.0 mg; niacin, 37.0 mg; folic acid, 0.70 mg; vitamin B12, 0.21 mg; choline, 350 mg; manganese, 55.0 mg; iron, 120.0 mg; zinc, 90.0 mg; copper, 116.5 mg; iodine, 0.40 mg; selenium, 0.30 mg; cobalt, 0.70 mg.
(1-1) influence of fermentation compound of traditional Chinese medicine dregs on piglet growth performance
Pigs of each group were fed freely for 42 days. Once weekly measurements, including: the average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and specific test results are shown in Table 7.
As can be seen from Table 7, 3 weeks before the experiment, the piglet daily gain and daily feed intake are improved, the difference is very obvious (P is less than 0.01), and the feed-meat ratio is not obviously different (P is more than 0.05). The daily gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the experiment group at the third week 4 are all obviously higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Daily gain and daily feed intake of the experiment group at week 5 are obviously higher than those of the control group (P is less than 0.05), and the feed-meat ratio of the experiment group 1 is obviously lower than those of the control group and the experiment group 2. In the whole experimental period, the average daily gain and the average daily feed intake of the experimental group are remarkably higher than those of the control group (P is less than 0.01), and the feed-meat ratio has no remarkable difference (P is more than 0.05). As shown above, the feed intake of the weaned piglets can be improved by adding the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermentation compound, and the daily gain of the weaned piglets is further improved.
The traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermented compound is rich in flavor substances such as nucleotide, free amino acid (20 kinds), organic acid and the like, and the substances have good food calling effect, can improve the palatability of the feed and increase the feed intake of piglets. Meanwhile, the feed contains certain saccharomycetes and a culture thereof, is rich in mycoprotein, B vitamins and organic trace elements, is an excellent culture medium for beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, can enable the beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract to grow rapidly, generates a large amount of enzyme which is beneficial to digestion and absorption, improves the absorption and utilization rate of the feed, and reduces the feed conversion ratio.
TABLE 7 influence of fermented compound of Chinese medicinal herb residue on growth performance of weaned pig
Note: the numeric shoulder upper case letters indicate significant differences (P <0.01) and the numeric shoulder lower case letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
(1-2) influence of traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermentation compound on diarrhea of weaned piglets
The diarrhea index is the first diarrhea multiplied by the corresponding diarrhea score, and the diarrhea score criteria are referenced in table 8. The diarrhea rate is the total number of piglets with diarrhea divided by the total number of piglets per day multiplied by the number of days in the trial during the trial.
TABLE 8 diarrhea score criteria
As can be seen from table 9, the diarrhea rate of the experimental group 1 is significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05), and the diarrhea rate of the experimental groups 2 and 3 is significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.01) and significantly lower than that of the experimental group 1(P < 0.05).
Therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermentation compound is added from the 3 rd week of the experiment to influence the growth performance of the piglets, so that the diarrhea incidence of the piglets can be effectively reduced, and the feed intake and the feed conversion ratio can be improved. The growth performance, diarrhea and feed cost of piglets are comprehensively considered, and the optimal addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermented compound in the daily ration of the piglets is 8.0 thousandths, namely 8.0 kg/t.
TABLE 9 influence of fermented Chinese medicinal residue on diarrhea of weaned piglets
| Group of | Control group | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | |
| Diarrhea Rate (%) | 12.3±2.5A | 6.2±0.6a | 2.7±0.4 | 2.6±0.3 |
| Index of diarrhea | 33.2±3.5A | 20.2±4.2a | 13.2±2.8 | 9.6±1.9 |
Note: the capital letters of the numeric shoulder marks indicate significant difference (P <0.01), the lowercase letters of the numeric shoulder marks indicate significant difference (P <0.05)
(2) Influence of traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermentation compound on weight gain effect of fattening pigs
40 healthy fattening pigs with weight of about 110 jin and age of days of similar Du multiplied by long multiplied by big are selected and randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 pigs. The initial body weight differences among the test pigs were not significant. The test time was 60 days. The experimental diet is divided into 2 treatments, a control group and an experimental group, which are shown in table 10, wherein the control group is added with basic daily ration, and the experimental group is added with a proper amount of traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermentation compound on the basis of the control group. The basic ration composition and nutritional ingredients are shown in table 11, and the nutritional levels of the basic ration are referenced to the chinese swine feeding standard (2004). The weight increasing effect of the fattening pigs after the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound is used is measured through a test period of 60 days, and specific data are shown in a table 12.
Table 10 test design for fattening pig
| Group of | Test group 1 | Control group 1 | Test group 2 | Control group 2 |
| Addition amount (kg/t) | 5.0 | 0 | 5.0 | 0 |
TABLE 11 composition of daily ration and nutrient content (%)
From table 12, it can be seen that the addition of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction dreg fermented compound to the daily diet of the fattening pig results in an obvious weight gain of the experimental group compared with the control group through the 60-day experimental period, and the average weight gain of the experimental group is 6.5 ± 2.1kg more than that of the control group. The traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound contains abundant small molecular substances such as small peptides, organic acids and essential amino acids, so that the compound is easier to absorb by organisms, and beneficial substances (such as bacterial polysaccharides, nucleotides and the like) which are easy to proliferate intestinal beneficial bacteria are contained in the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound, so that the digestion and absorption of the intestinal tracts on nutrient substances are promoted, the utilization rate of animal organisms on feed is effectively improved, the feed-meat ratio is improved, and the economic benefit of farmers is increased.
TABLE 12 weight gain Effect of growing and fattening pigs
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound is characterized in that the traditional Chinese medicine residue is used as a raw material and is prepared by fermenting compound zymophyte for at least two times; wherein the composite fermentation bacteria comprise at least two of inonotus obliquus, bacillus subtilis and yeast.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound fermentation bacteria comprise inonotus obliquus, bacillus subtilis and/or yeast.
3. A preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine dreg fermentation compound is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, carrying out primary fermentation on traditional Chinese medicine dregs by using inonotus obliquus to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment liquid;
and 2, performing secondary fermentation on the traditional Chinese medicine residue pretreatment liquid by using bacillus subtilis and/or saccharomycetes to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation compound.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising, prior to step 1:
and pretreating the traditional Chinese medicine dregs, wherein the pretreatment comprises washing, drying, grinding, sieving and collecting the traditional Chinese medicine dregs of 40-140 meshes.
5. The method for preparing according to claim 3, wherein step 1 comprises the substeps of:
step 1-1, inoculating the inonotus obliquus into an agar culture medium to obtain a first-level seed;
step 1-2, inoculating the primary seeds into a liquid culture medium to obtain secondary seeds;
and step 1-3, inoculating the secondary seeds into a fermentation culture medium added with traditional Chinese medicine dregs, and performing primary fermentation to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine dreg pretreatment liquid.
6. The production method according to claim 5,
in the step 1-1, the culture temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the culture time is 2-10 days; and/or
In the step 1-2, the culture temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the stirring speed is 100-180 rpm/min; and/or
In the step 1-3, during the first fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 20-30 ℃, the fermentation time is 5-15 days, and the stirring speed is 100-180 rpm/min.
7. The production method according to claim 5, wherein, in steps 1 to 3,
the nitrogen source in the fermentation medium is an organic nitrogen source and/or an inorganic nitrogen source, the organic nitrogen source comprises at least one of peptone, beef extract and yeast extract, and the inorganic nitrogen source comprises urea and/or (NH)4)2SO4(ii) a And/or
The mass-volume ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine dregs to the fermentation culture medium is (1-20) g:100 mL.
8. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein, in the step 2, when the second fermentation is performed using Bacillus subtilis and yeast,
the inoculation mass ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the saccharomycetes is 1 (1-5); and/or
The inoculation amount of the bacillus subtilis and the saccharomycetes is 2-10%; and/or
During the second fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 20-35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 2-7 days; and/or
During the second fermentation, the ratio of material to water is (1-3.5): 1.
9. The use of the fermented traditional Chinese medicine dregs compound prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-2 or 3-8, preferably in the field of feed.
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound is used as a feed additive, the addition amount of the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented compound is 5-15 per mill of the feed content.
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