CN113727988A - 半乳糖凝集素-3的小分子抑制剂 - Google Patents
半乳糖凝集素-3的小分子抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113727988A CN113727988A CN202080030355.9A CN202080030355A CN113727988A CN 113727988 A CN113727988 A CN 113727988A CN 202080030355 A CN202080030355 A CN 202080030355A CN 113727988 A CN113727988 A CN 113727988A
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Abstract
本公开涉及抑制Gal‑3的式(I)的化合物,且包括药学上可接受的盐,包含所述化合物的组合物,以及使用和制备所述化合物和组合物的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了2019年3月26日提交的美国临时申请号62/823,684的优先权权益;通过引用将其内容整体合并入本文。
发明背景
半乳糖凝集素-3(galectin-3,Gal-3)是约30KDa的β-半乳糖苷结合凝集素(Cell76:597-598),其参与炎症和纤维化过程的调节。(Immunological Reviews 230:160-171)。在不受控制的炎症和促纤维化的状况下,Gal-3促进成纤维细胞增殖和转化并介导胶原蛋白产生(Circulation 110:3121-3128)。
Gal-3位于许多细胞位置,例如细胞质、细胞核和细胞表面。Gal-3也由各种细胞类型,主要是巨噬细胞和单核细胞分泌到血流中(J Pharmacol Exp Ther 351:336–343)。文献中有许多证据链支持Gal-3参与多个器官如如肺(Am J.Respir.Crit.Care Med.185:537-546)、肝(PNAS 103:5060-5065)和肾(Am.J.Pathol.172:288-298)的纤维化过程的发展。Gal-3也已被鉴定为心力衰竭的生物标记,表明Gal-3的调节在治疗心力衰竭中具有潜在的用途(Curr.Heart Fail.Rep.7:1-8)。Gal-3的调节可被用于治疗癌症,因为Gal-3参与在血管生成、细胞凋亡和转移途径中起关键作用的细胞生长和分化(Galectin-3C:HumanLectin for Treatment of Cancer.ACS Symposium Series,第1115卷第12章,195-23)。最近,Gal-3抑制剂已被证明当用于联合免疫疗法时具有积极的作用(GalectinTherapeutics.Press Release,2017年2月7日)。
一些出版物和专利申请描述了作为抗纤维化剂被研究的Gal-3的合成抑制剂。这些方式的最近实例是WO2005113568、WO2005113569、US2014067986、WO2014067986、WO2017080971、WO2016120403、US20140099319、WO2014067986和WO2018209255。
发明内容
本公开涉及抑制Gal-3的本发明的化合物,包括其药学上可接受的盐、包含此类化合物的组合物以及使用和制备此类化合物和组合物的方法。
在第1方面,本发明尤其提供了式(I)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基或萘基;且其中每个环基团被1至5个选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷基和C1-4卤代烷氧基的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基和C3-6环烷基;
R1和R1a独立地是H或C1-4烷基;且
R2独立地选自羟基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、-OCH2C(O)OH、-OCH2C(O)N(C1-2烷基)(CH2)2NH(C1-4烷基)、-OCH2C(O)-(C3-6环烷基)和-OCH2C(O)NH(C1-4烷基)。
在第2方面,在第1方面的范围内,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基,其被1至5个选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷基和C1-4卤代烷氧基的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基和C3-6环烷基;
R1a独立地是H或C1-4烷基;且
R2独立地选自羟基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、-OCH2C(O)OH和-OCH2C(O)N(C1-2烷基)(CH2)2NH(C1-4烷基)。
在第3方面,在第2方面的范围内,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基,其被1至5个选自F、Cl和Br的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地是苯基、苯并噻唑基或喹啉基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自Cl、CH3、CF3和-OCF3的取代基取代;且
R2独立地选自羟基、-OCH3、-OCH2CHF2、-OCH2CF3、-OCH2CF2CHF2、-OCH2C(O)OH和-OCH2C(O)N(CH3)(CH2)2NH(CH3)。
在第4方面,在第2方面或第3方面的范围内,其中:
在第5方面,在第2至第4方面中任一方面的范围内,
在第6方面,在第1方面的范围内,其中所述化合物具有式(Ia):
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基或萘基;且其中每个环基团被1至4个选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷基和C1-4卤代烷氧基的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基和C3-6环烷基;
R1独立地是C1-4烷基;且
R2独立地选自羟基、C1-4烷氧基、-OCH2C(O)-(C3-6环烷基)和-OCH2C(O)NH(C1-4烷基)。
在第7方面,在第6方面的范围内,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基或萘基;且其中每个环基团被1至3个选自氰基、F、Cl、Br、CH3和-OCH3的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:Cl、CF3、-OCF3和环丙基;
R1是CH3;且
R2独立地选自羟基、-OCH3、-OCH2C(O)-(环丙基)和-OCH2C(O)NH(CH3)。
在第8方面,在第6或第7方面的范围内,其中:
在第9方面,在第6至第8方面中任一方面的范围内,
在第10方面,在第1至第9方面中任一方面的范围内,其中R2是羟基。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供了选自示例实施例的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供了选自实施例1至75的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供了选自实施例1至25的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个方面中,本发明提供了选自实施例26至75的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
除非另有说明,否则这些术语具有以下含义。“烷基”是指由1至6个碳组成的直链或支链烷基。“环烷基”是指由3至7个碳组成的单环环系。具有烃结构部分的术语(例如烷氧基)包括由1至6个碳组成的烃部分的直链和支链异构体。“卤代基”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。“卤代烷基”和“卤代烷氧基”包括从单卤代到全卤代的所有卤代异构体。“芳基”是指具有5-12个碳原子的单环或双环芳族环系,其中一个或两个环是芳族的。芳基的代表性实例包括但不限于茚满基、茚基、萘基、苯基和四氢萘基。“杂芳基”是指具有1-5个独立地选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子的5至7元单环或8至11元双环芳族环系统。在没有指定键合连接位置的情况下,键合可以连接在本领域技术人员所理解的任何适当位置。取代基和键合模式的组合仅仅是本领域技术人员所理解的产生稳定化合物的那些。括号和多括号术语旨在向本领域技术人员阐明键合关系。例如,术语((R)烷基)是指进一步被取代基R取代的烷基取代基。
本发明包括所述化合物的所有药学上可接受的盐形式。药学上可接受的盐是其中的抗衡离子对化合物的生理活性或毒性没有显著贡献并因此作为药理学等价物起作用的那些。这些盐可以根据常规有机技术使用市售试剂制备。一些阴离子盐形式包括乙酸盐、醋硬脂酸盐(acistrate)、苯磺酸盐、溴化物、氯化物、柠檬酸盐、富马酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、氢碘酸盐、碘化物、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、硝酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、磷酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐和昔萘酸盐(xinofoate)。一些阳离子盐形式包括铵、铝、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺(benzathine)、铋、钙、胆碱、二乙胺、二乙醇胺、锂、镁、葡甲胺、4-苯基环己基胺、哌嗪、钾、钠、氨丁三醇和锌。
本发明的一些化合物以立体异构形式存在。本发明包括化合物的所有立体异构形式,包括对映异构体和非对映异构体。制备和分离立体异构体的方法是本领域已知的。本发明包括化合物的所有互变异构形式。本发明包括阻转异构体和旋转异构体。
本发明旨在包括本发明化合物中存在的原子的所有同位素。同位素包括具有相同原子序数但不同质量数的那些原子。作为一般实例而非限制,氢的同位素包括氘和氚。碳的同位素包括13C和14C。同位素标记的本发明化合物通常可通过本领域技术人员已知的常规技术或通过与本文所述的那些类似的方法,使用适当的同位素标记的试剂代替否则使用的非标记的试剂来制备。这些化合物可具有多种潜在用途,例如作为测定生物活性的标准品和试剂。在稳定的同位素的情况下,此类化合物可具有有利地改变生物、药理学或药代动力学性质的潜力。
生物学方法
测定缓冲液组成:制备在在无菌水中的25mM HEPES,100mM NaCl,0.005%Tween20,0.05%BSA(所有试剂均来自Sigma)
对照:
阳性对照:100%DMSO(1μL)+His-标记的hGal-3(20μL)+B-ASF(20μL)+抗-His铽抗体(5μL)+Strep d2抗体(5μL)。
阴性对照:100%DMSO(1μL)+His-标记的hGal-3(20μL)+抗His铽抗体(5μL)+Strepd2抗体(5μL)。
储备液制备:
方案:Gal-3测定在384白色Opti板中在250-300rpm温和振荡下于室温下(三个复孔)进行。从原始储备液中,制备2.525X工作储备液浓度的His-标记的重组人Gal-3(hGal-3)和2.525X工作储备液浓度的B-ASF。从工作储备液中,将20μL hGal-3(15nM)和20μL B-ASF(15nM)加入到板中。在阴性对照中,仅添加hGal-3。制备化合物在100%DMSO中的50x浓度范围的工作储备液。将1μL化合物的等分试样加入到孔中,并与20μL hGal-3/孔预孵育30分钟,然后将20μL B-ASF加入,并再孵育1小时。为了检测信号,加入5μL(最终浓度为1.0nM)铽标记的抗-His抗体并孵育30分钟,随后加入5μL(最终浓度为20nM)链霉抗生物素d2,并再孵育1小时。在Envision 2104Multilabel Reader上使用HTRF筛选方案(激发波长=340nm,发射波长=615nm/665nm)检测分析信号。使用Toolset和Curve Master分析数据。结果报告在实验部分(IC50,μM)。
药物组合物和使用方法
本发明的化合物抑制Gal-3。因此,本发明的另一个方面是药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一个方面是使用本发明的化合物治疗患有疾病或病症的患者的方法,所述疾病或病症选自器官纤维化(包括肝、肾、肺、心脏和皮肤)、肝疾病和病症(包括急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、门静脉高压、再生衰竭、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、肝功能减退和肝血流障碍)、细胞增殖性疾病、癌症和病症(包括实体瘤、实体瘤转移、血管纤维瘤、骨髓瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、卡波西肉瘤、白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL))和癌细胞的侵袭性转移)、炎性疾病和病症(包括银屑病、肾病和肺炎)、胃肠道疾病和病症(包括肠易激综合征(IBS)、炎性肠病(IBD)和胰腺分泌异常)、肾疾病和病症、尿道相关疾病和病症(包括良性前列腺增生或与神经病性膀胱疾病、脊髓肿瘤、椎间盘突出、椎管狭窄相关的症状和源自糖尿病的症状)、下泌尿道疾病和病症(包括下泌尿道阻塞)、下泌尿道炎性疾病和病症(包括排尿困难和频尿)、胰腺疾病和病症、异常血管发生相关疾病和病症(包括动脉栓塞)、硬皮病、脑相关疾病和病症(包括脑梗死和脑出血)、神经病性疼痛和周围神经病变、眼疾病和病症(包括年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、糖尿病性视网膜病、增生性玻璃体视网膜病(PVR)、瘢痕性类天疱疮和青光眼滤过手术瘢痕形成)。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗肾纤维化、肺纤维化、肝纤维化、动脉纤维化和系统性硬化病的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗器官纤维化(包括肝、肾、肺、心脏和皮肤)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗肝疾病和病症(包括急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、门静脉高压、再生衰竭、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、肝功能减退和肝血流障碍)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗细胞增殖性疾病、癌症和病症(包括实体瘤、实体瘤转移、血管纤维瘤、骨髓瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、卡波西肉瘤、白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL))和癌细胞的侵袭性转移)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗炎性疾病和病症(包括银屑病、肾病和肺炎)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗胃肠道疾病和病症(包括肠易激综合征(IBS),炎性肠病(IBD)和胰腺分泌异常)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗肾疾病和病症的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗尿道相关疾病和病症(包括良性前列腺增生或与神经病性膀胱疾病、脊髓肿瘤、椎间盘突出、椎管狭窄相关的症状和源自糖尿病的症状)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗下泌尿道疾病和病症(包括下泌尿道阻塞)、下泌尿道炎性疾病和病症(包括排尿困难和频尿)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗胰腺疾病和病症的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗异常血管发生相关疾病和病症(包括动脉栓塞)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗脑相关疾病和病症(包括脑梗死和脑出血)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗神经病性疼痛和周围神经病变的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的另一个方面是治疗眼疾病和病症(包括年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、糖尿病性视网膜病、增生性玻璃体视网膜病(PVR)、瘢痕性类天疱疮和青光眼滤过手术瘢痕形成)的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用本发明的化合物。
本发明的化合物可用于治疗和/或预防其中Gal-3起作用的病症。
本发明的化合物可用于制备治疗和/或预防病症的药物,在所述病症中抑制Gal-3的生理活性是有用的,所述病症例如是如下疾病:其中Gal-3受体参与该疾病、Gal-3受体涉及该疾病的病因学或病理学、或Gal-3受体与该疾病的至少一种症状相关。
本发明的化合物可以单独使用,与本发明的其它化合物组合使用,或与一种或多种、优选一至两种其它活性剂组合使用。
“治疗有效”是指提供疼痛领域从业者所理解的有意义的患者益处所需的药物的量。
“患者”是指如本领域从业者所理解的患有疼痛并适于治疗的人。
“治疗”、“疗法”、“方案”和相关术语如本领域从业者所理解那样的使用。
本发明的化合物通常以药物组合物的形式给予,该药物组合物包含治疗有效量的本发明的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体,并且可以含有常规赋形剂。治疗有效量是提供有意义的患者益处所需的量。药学上可接受的载体是那些具有可接受的安全性的常规已知的载体。组合物包括所有常见的固体和液体形式,包括胶囊、片剂、糖锭和粉末以及液体混悬剂、糖浆、酏剂和溶液剂。组合物使用常规的制剂技术制备,并且常规的赋形剂(例如粘合剂和润湿剂)和载体(例如水和醇)通常用于组合物。参见,例如,Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,第17版,Mack Publishing Company,Easton,PA(1985)。
固体组合物通常以剂量单位配制,并且每剂量提供约1至1000mg活性成分的组合物是优选的。剂量的一些实例是1mg、10mg、100mg、250mg、500mg和1000mg。通常,其它抗逆转录病毒药物将以类似于临床使用的该类药物的单位范围存在。通常,这是0.25-1000mg/单位。
液体组合物通常在剂量单位范围内。通常,液体组合物的单位剂量范围将是1-100mg/mL。剂量的一些实例是1mg/mL、10mg/mL、25mg/mL、50mg/mL和100mg/mL。
本发明包括所有常规的施用方式;优选口服和肠胃外方法。通常,施用方案将类似于临床使用的其它药物。通常,日剂量将是1-100mg/kg体重/天。通常,口服需要更多的化合物,而肠胃外需要更少的化合物。然而,具体的施用方案将由医师使用合理的医学判断来确定。
化学方法
对于本领域技术人员来说,显然本公开不限于上述说明性示例,并且在不脱离其基本属性的情况下,可以以其它具体形式来实施本公开。因此,在所有方面,实施例应当被认为是说明性的而非限制性的,应参照的是所附权利要求而不是前述实施例,并且因此意图涵盖在权利要求的等同含义和范围内的所有变化。
LCMS条件:
使用以下方法在与Waters TUV和SQ质量检测器(UV在200nm)偶联的WatersAcquity UPLC系统上进行LCMS分析:
方法A:柱:BEH C18 2.1x50mm;流动相A:含0.05%TFA的水;流动相B:含0.05%TFA的乙腈;梯度:2-98%B,经1.6分钟;流速:0.8mL/min。
方法B:柱:XBridge BEH XP C18(2.1x50mm);2.5μm;流动相A:含0.05%TFA的水,乙腈(95:5);流动相B:含0.05%TFA的水,乙腈(5:95);梯度=0-100%B,经3分钟;温度:50℃;流速:1.1mL/min。
方法C:柱:XBridge C18 2.1x50mm,1.7μM;流动相A:5%ACN-95%水–10mM乙酸胺;流动相B:95%ACN-5%水–10mM乙酸胺;梯度=0-100B,经3分钟;流速:1ml/分钟。温度:50℃。
使用以下方法之一在与SPD-10AV UV检测器偶联的Shimadzu LC10-AT HPLC系统上进行LCMS分析。所有最终化合物的纯度都测定为≥95%。
方法A:(柱:YMC S5 Combiscreen ODS 4.6x50mm;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含0.1%TFA;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含0.1%TFA;梯度:0-100%B,经4分钟,然后在100%B保持1分钟;流速:1mL/min)。
方法B:柱:Phenomenex Luna 3u C18 4.6x50mm;流动相A:10:90乙腈:水,含0.1%TFA;流动相B:90:10乙腈:水,含0.1%TFA;梯度:0-100%B,经4或8分钟,然后在100%B保持1分钟;流速:4mL/min);
方法C:柱:Orthagonal Column Sunfire C18 3.5um,3.0x150mm;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含0.05%TFA;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含0.05%TFA;梯度:10-100%B,经15分钟;流速:0.5mL/min)。
制备型HPLC纯化在Shimadzu LC-8制备型HPLC系统上进行,该系统与SPD 20 UV检测器偶联。详细的条件描述于实验操作中。
肼中间体的制备
1.(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)肼
在室温向5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯胺(6.0g,30.7mmol)在乙酸(16.1mL,281mmol)中的溶液中加入浓HCl(32mL,1053mmol)。在0℃经10分钟向得到的混悬液中加入亚硝酸钠(2.54g,36.8mmol)在水(9.2mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在室温搅拌4小时,随后经10分钟加入氯化锡(II)二水合物(15.23g,67.5mmol)在浓HCl(32mL,1053mmol)中的溶液。将该混合液在室温搅拌1.5小时。通过抽滤收集沉淀的固体,然后溶于水(100mL)中,用6N NaOH溶液碱化至pH 9,并用EtOAc萃取(4x50mL)。将合并的萃取物经MgSO4干燥,并浓缩为粗制的固体。将粗品用硅胶快速柱纯化,用0-5%在DCM中的MeOH洗脱,得到(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)肼(5.35g,25.4mmol,83%收率),为米白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:210.9/212.9(M+H)+;1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.36-7.44(m,2H),6.79(br d,J=7.92Hz,1H)。
2.5-氯-3-肼基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶盐酸盐
步骤1。5-氯-3-硝基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶
将2-溴-5-氯-3-硝基吡啶(1.00g,4.21mmol)、2,2-二氟-2-(氟磺酰基)乙酸甲酯(0.971g,5.05mmol)和碘化铜(I)(0.963g,5.05mmol)在DMF(10mL)中的混合液在85℃加热16小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合液用乙酸乙酯(20mL)稀释,并经Celite过滤。将滤液在真空下浓缩至几乎干燥。将残余物用乙酸乙酯(180mL)稀释,用水(3x40mL)和盐水(30mL)洗涤,并经无水MgSO4干燥。经快速色谱(80g硅胶,固体填充物,5-20%乙酸乙酯/己烷)分离所需产物5-氯-3-硝基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(0.578g,2.55mmol,60.6%收率),为淡黄色油状物。1H NMR(500MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.89(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.25(d,J=1.7Hz,1H)。
步骤2。5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-胺
将5-氯-3-硝基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶(0.578g,2.55mmol)、氯化铵(0.682g,12.76mmol)和铁网(0.570g,10.21mmol)在乙醇(15mL)和水(1.5mL)中的混合液在80℃加热15小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合液用THF(15mL)稀释,并经Celite过滤。将滤液在真空下浓缩至干燥。向残余物中加入水(15mL)和饱和的NaHCO3溶液(3mL)。将该混合液用二氯甲烷萃取(4x40mL)。将合并的萃取物经无水Na2SO4干燥,并在真空下浓缩。将残余物进行快速色谱(40g硅胶,固体填充物,10-20%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-胺(0.371g,1.887mmol,74.0%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:196.9[M+H]+。
步骤3。5-氯-3-肼基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶盐酸盐
在室温向5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-胺(0.300g,1.526mmol)在乙酸(0.8mL,13.97mmol)中的溶液中加入浓盐酸(1.6mL,52.7mmol)。在-5至0℃经5分钟向得到的混合液中加入亚硝酸钠(0.126g,1.832mmol)在水(0.5mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在-5至5℃搅拌45分钟,随后经10分钟加入在0℃预冷却的氯化锡(II)二水合物(0.758g,3.36mmol)在浓盐酸(1.6mL,52.7mmol)中的溶液。将该混合液在-5至5℃搅拌2小时。向该混合液中加入甲醇(5mL),并通过抽滤除去不溶的无机盐。将滤液在真空下浓缩至体积大约12mL。将残余物进行制备型HPLC(柱:Sunfire C18 OBD 5u 30x100mm;溶剂A:90%H2O-10%甲醇-0.1%TFA,溶剂B:10%甲醇-90%H2O 0.1%TFA;梯度:0-100%B,经10分钟;流速:40ml/min),多次注射。合并正确的级分,并在真空下浓缩至体积大约20mL。向残余物中加入浓盐酸(5mL)。将该混合液冷却至-78℃,并冷冻干燥,得到5-氯-3-肼基-2-(三氟甲基)吡啶,HCl(50mg,0.202mmol,13.2%收率),为米黄色固体。
3.(5-氯-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)肼盐酸盐
在室温向5-氯-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯胺(1.269g,6.0mmol)在乙酸(3.0mL,52.4mmol)中的溶液中一次性加入浓盐酸(6.0mL,197mmol)。在-10至-5℃经10分钟向得到的混合液中加入亚硝酸钠(0.497g,7.20mmol)在水(1.8mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在-5至0℃搅拌45分钟,随后经10分钟加入在0℃预冷却的氯化锡(II)二水合物(2.98g,13.20mmol)在浓盐酸(6.0mL,197mmol)中的溶液。将该混合液在-10至0℃搅拌2小时。通过抽滤收集沉淀的产物(5-氯-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)肼,HCl(2g,6.0mmol,100%收率),为苍白色固体,并在50℃在真空下干燥。MS(ESI)m/z:226.9[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.36(dq,J=8.8,1.7Hz,1H),7.19–7.16(m,1H),7.13(dd,J=8.7,2.4Hz,1H)。
4.6-肼基苯并[d]噻唑二氢盐酸盐
在室温向苯并[d]噻唑-6-胺(0.901g,6.0mmol)在乙酸(3.0mL,52.4mmol)中的溶液中一次性加入浓盐酸(6.0mL,197mmol)。在-10至-5℃经10分钟向得到的混合液中加入亚硝酸钠(0.497g,7.20mmol)在水(1.8mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在-5至0℃搅拌45分钟,随后经10分钟加入在0℃预冷却的氯化锡(II)二水合物(2.98g,13.20mmol)在浓盐酸(6.0mL,197mmol)中的溶液。将该混合液在-10至0℃搅拌2小时。通过抽滤收集沉淀的产物6-肼基苯并[d]噻唑,2HCl(1.68g,6.0mmol,100%收率,85%纯),为苍白色固体,并在真空下干燥。MS(ESI)m/z:165.9[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.19(s,1H),8.04(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.65(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.25(dd,J=8.9,2.4Hz,1H)。
5.5-氯-2-环丙基苯基)肼盐酸盐
步骤1。4-氯-1-环丙基-2-硝基苯
在0℃向1-氯-4-环丙基苯(1.0g,6.55mmol)在乙腈(1.5mL)中的溶液中加入四氟硼酸硝鎓(14.41mL,7.21mmol,0.5M在环丁砜中的溶液)。将该反应混合液在室温搅拌0.5小时。加入饱和的NaHCO3水溶液(40mL)和水(20mL)。将得到的混合液用EtOAc萃取(2x125mL)。将合并的有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩得到粗制的产物,将其进行快速色谱(80g硅胶,0-20%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到4-氯-1-环丙基-2-硝基苯(350mg,1.771mmol,27.0%收率),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.84(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.4,2.2Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),2.37(tt,J=8.6,5.4Hz,1H),1.15–1.05(m,2H),0.77–0.65(m,2H)。
步骤2。5-氯-2-环丙基苯胺
将4-氯-1-环丙基-2-硝基苯(0.33g,1.670mmol)、氯化铵(0.447g,8.35mmol)和铁网(0.373g,6.68mmol)在乙醇(7.6mL)和水(0.76mL)中的混合液在80℃加热5小时。加入另外的铁网(200mg),水(0.1mL)和氯化铵(300mg)。将该反应混合液在80℃再加热5小时。冷却至室温后,在真空下除去溶剂。将残余物用CH2Cl2(20mL)、水(10mL)稀释,并经Celite过滤。分离滤液的有机层,并在真空下浓缩至干燥。将残余物进行快速色谱(24g硅胶,0-35%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到5-氯-2-环丙基苯胺(280mg,99%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:168.0[M+H]+;1H NMR(500MHz,氯仿-d)δ6.96(dt,J=7.4,1.1Hz,1H),6.69–6.60(m,2H),1.60-1.68(m,1H),0.97–0.88(m,2H),0.63–0.44(m,2H)。
步骤3。5-氯-2-环丙基苯基)肼盐酸盐
在室温向5-氯-2-环丙基苯胺(0.312g,1.861mmol)在乙酸(0.94mL,16.4mmol)中的溶液中一次性加入浓盐酸(1.8mL,59.2mmol)。在-10至-5℃经10分钟向得到的混合液中加入亚硝酸钠(0.154g,2.23mmol)在水(0.55mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在-5至0℃搅拌45分钟,随后经10分钟加入在0℃预冷却的氯化锡(II)二水合物(0.776g,4.09mmol)在浓盐酸(1.8mL,59.2mmol)中的溶液。将该混合液在-10至5℃搅拌2小时。通过抽滤收集沉淀的产物5-氯-2-环丙基苯基)肼,HCl(465mg,114%收率),为苍白色固体,并在真空下干燥。MS(ESI)m/z:183.2[M+H]+。
实施例1。(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇
步骤1。((4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷
在室温经20分钟向1-溴-2,3-二氟-4-碘苯(0.512g,1.606mmol)、碘化铜(I)(0.007g,0.037mmol)和双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(II)(0.023g,0.032mmol)在TEA(3ml)中的脱气的混合液中加入乙炔基三甲基硅烷(0.238ml,1.69mmol)。观察到微放热反应。将该混合液在密封管中在65℃加热3小时,然后用己烷(10ml)稀释,并经Celite过滤。将滤液在真空下浓缩,并将残余物用硅胶快速柱纯化,用己烷洗脱,得到((4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(425mg,1.470mmol,92%收率),为油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.20-7.24(m,1H),7.03-7.13(m,1H),0.24-0.29(m,9H)。
步骤2。(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯
向(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-叠氮基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(0.425g,1.126mmol)在DMF(3.85mL)和H2O(1.54mL)中的溶液中加入(+)-L-抗坏血酸钠(0.223g,1.13mmol)、五水合硫酸铜(II)(0.253g,1.01mmol)和((4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(0.425g,1.470mmol)。将该反应混合液在85℃加热1小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合液与冰冷的水(12mL)混合。将得到的混合液在室温搅拌10分钟。通过抽滤收集棕色固体。将该固体与CHCl3(40mL)和MeOH(4mL)的混合液混合。将得到的混合液加热至回流,搅拌10分钟,并趁热过滤。将固体残余物用CHCl3(8mL)洗涤。将有机层合并,并在真空下浓缩至干燥。将残余物混悬于MeOH(15mL)中,在室温搅拌5分钟,并进行过滤。收集滤饼,并在真空下在50℃干燥过夜,得到(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并-[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(0.668g,100%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:594.2[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.30(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),7.90(ddd,J=8.8,6.7,2.1Hz,1H),7.59–7.33(m,6H),5.88(dd,J=11.0,9.6Hz,1H),5.54(s,1H),5.22(dd,J=11.0,3.3Hz,1H),4.58–4.37(m,2H),4.22(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),4.12(dd,J=12.8,1.8Hz,1H),3.77-3.83(m,4H),1.86(s,3H)。
步骤3。(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
将预先在冰箱中冷却的甲醇中的氨(7N)(700mL,490mmol)一次性加入(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(0.668g,1.13mmol)中。将该混合液在密封烧瓶中于室温搅拌18小时。将该混合液(现在是澄清溶液)在真空下浓缩,得到(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(0.604g,100%收率),为白色固体:MS(ESI)m/z:537.2[M+H]+。
步骤4。(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
将(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(0.604g,1.13mmol)和1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙-1-胺(0.777g,5.83mmol)在1,4-二噁烷(16mL)中的非均相混合物在60℃加热4.5小时。在真空下除去挥发物,得到(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(0.737g,99%收率),为米黄色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:605.9[M+H]+。
步骤5。(2S,4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇
将(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(90mg,0.137mmol)和6-肼基苯并[d]噻唑、TFA(40mg,0.142mmol)在二噁烷(0.5mL)和乙酸(0.5mL)中的混合液在50℃搅拌60分钟。将该混合液在真空下浓缩至几乎干燥。将该粗制产物溶于CH2Cl2(10mL)中,并加入2g硅胶。将溶剂在真空下蒸发。将固体残余物装入固体装载盒中,并经ISCO自动色谱纯化(12g硅胶,0-3%MeOH/CH2Cl2,12分钟内梯度),得到(2S,4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(60mg,62%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:708.3[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ9.13(s,1H),8.35(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),8.21–8.26(m,2H),7.94(ddd,J=8.8,6.8,2.1Hz,1H),7.74(dd,J=8.8,2.1Hz,1H),7.31–7.47(m,6H),5.49(s,1H),5.07–5.20(m,2H),4.67–4.53(m,1H),4.54–4.42(m,1H),4.14(dd,J=12.6,1.6Hz,1H),4.04(dd,J=12.6,1.8Hz,1H),3.89(s,1H),3.67–3.70(m,1H),2.46(s,3H)。
步骤6。(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇
将(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(60mg,0.021mmol)在70%乙酸(5mL)中的混悬液在70℃加热15小时。将得到的溶液进行制备型HPLC(柱:Sunfire Prep C18 OBD 5u 30x100mm(10分钟);溶剂A:10%ACN-90%H2O-0.1%TFA,溶剂B:90%ACN-10%H2O-0.1%TFA;梯度:20-100%B,经10分钟;流速:20ml/min)。合并正确的级分,在真空下浓缩,用饱和的NaHCO3溶液碱化至pH 9-10,并用CHCl3萃取(2X30mL)。将合并的萃取物经无水Na2SO4干燥。在真空下除去溶剂,得到(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇(14.7mg,27.4%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:619.7[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.30(s,1H),8.43(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.38(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.81–7.72(m,2H),7.43(ddd,J=8.5,6.2,2.0Hz,1H),4.96–4.82(m,2H),4.53–4.44(m,1H),4.05(dd,J=2.5,1.0Hz,1H),3.86–3.68(m,2H),3.63(dd,J=11.4,4.0Hz,1H),2.38(s,3H)。hGal-3 IC50=0.007μM。
实施例2。(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-(羟基甲基)-5-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-醇
步骤1。6-(5-((2S,4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-甲氧基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯并[d]噻唑
在室温向(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(39mg,0.055mmol)在THF(1.6ml)中的混合液中加入NaH(60%,在矿物油中)(6.60mg,0.165mmol)。将该混合液搅拌5分钟,随后加入MeI(17μl,0.275mmol)。将该反应混合液在室温搅拌60分钟,然后用饱和的NH4Cl溶液淬灭。除去挥发物,并将残余物经ISCO自动色谱纯化(12g硅胶,0-100%己烷/EtOAc,12分钟内梯度),得到6-(5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-甲氧基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯并[d]噻唑(39mg,0.025mmol,98%收率),为米黄色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:721.5[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ9.13(s,1H),8.41(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),8.26–8.16(m,2H),7.97(ddd,J=8.8,6.8,2.1Hz,1H),7.74(dd,J=8.7,2.1Hz,1H),7.55–7.46(m,2H),7.46–7.38(m,4H),5.57(s,1H),5.09(dd,J=10.3,3.3Hz,1H),4.68(dd,J=10.3,9.2Hz,1H),4.59(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),4.53–4.35(m,2H),4.09-4.12(m,1H),3.69-3.75(m,1H),2.91(s,3H),2.50(s,3H)。
步骤2。(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-(羟基甲基)-5-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-醇
将6-(5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-甲氧基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苯并[d]噻唑(39mg,0.054mmol)在70%乙酸(3mL)中的混悬液在70℃加热15小时。将该反应混合液用甲醇稀释,并进行制备型HPLC(Phenomenex Luna AXIA 5u C18 30.0x100(10min);溶剂A:10%ACN-90%H2O-0.1%TFA,溶剂B:90%ACN-10%H2O-0.1%TFA;梯度:20-100%B,经10分钟;流速:20ml/min)。合并正确的级分,在真空下浓缩,用饱和的NaHCO3溶液碱化至pH 9-10,并用CHCl3萃取(2X30mL)。将合并的萃取物经无水Na2SO4干燥。在真空下除去溶剂,得到(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(1-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-(羟基甲基)-5-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-醇(16.4mg,0.025mmol,46.9%收率),为米黄色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:634.0[M+H]+;1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.42(s,1H),8.63(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),8.53(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.28(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.96–7.83(m,2H),7.55(ddd,J=8.5,6.2,2.0Hz,1H),5.05(dd,J=10.5,3.0Hz,1H),4.76(dd,J=10.5,9.4Hz,1H),4.61(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),4.14(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),3.94–3.83(m,2H),3.80–3.71(m,1H),2.95(s,3H),2.50(s,3H)。hGal-3 IC50=0.013μM。
实施例3。(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇
步骤1。(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
将(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-叠氮基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(592mg,1.569mmol)7M在MeOH中的氨(20ml,140mmol)中的溶液在室温搅拌过夜。将该反应混合液在真空下浓缩,得到(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(482mg,1.505mmol,96%收率),为褐色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:321.0[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.47-7.56(m,2H),7.32-7.41(m,3H),5.68(s,1H),4.37(d,J=3.30Hz,1H),4.27(dd,J=1.54,12.54Hz,1H),4.14-4.21(m,1H),4.06(t,J=9.79Hz,1H),3.80(d,J=9.46Hz,1H),3.64(s,1H),3.45(dd,J=3.41,10.01Hz,1H)。
步骤2。(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
在室温向(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(395mg,1.233mmol)在二噁烷(4111μl)中的溶液中加入1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙-1-胺(493mg,3.70mmol)。将该混合液在80℃搅拌2小时,然后在真空下浓缩至干燥。将残余物用乙醚研磨,得到(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(480mg,1.233mmol,100%收率),为油状物。MS(ESI)m/z:390.1[M+H]+。
步骤3。(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇
向在乙酸(7mL)和二噁烷(7mL)中的(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(600mg,1.448mmol)中加入(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)肼(335mg,1.593mmol)。将得到的混合液在80℃搅拌1小时,然后在真空下浓缩。将残余物经ISCO自动色谱纯化(80g硅胶,0-65%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(639mg,0.833mmol,57.5%收率),为褐色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:537.2[M+H]+。
步骤4。((4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷
经5分钟向5-溴-2-氯-1-氟-3-甲氧基苯(0.25g,1.044mmol)、碘化铜(I)(3.38mg,0.018mmol)和双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(II)(0.015g,0.021mmol)在TEA(1.740ml)中的脱气的混合液中加入乙炔基三甲基硅烷(0.155ml,1.096mmol)。将该混合液在室温搅拌过夜,然后在真空下浓缩。将残余物经ISCO自动色谱纯化(40g硅胶,0-20%乙酸乙酯/己烷),得到((4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(251mg,0.978mmol,94%收率),为米白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ6.91(dd,J=1.65,8.91Hz,1H),6.81(t,J=1.43Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H),0.25-0.28(m,9H)。
步骤5。(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇
向在二噁烷(1076μl)和水(215μl)中的(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-叠氮基-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(38mg,0.052mmol)中加入(+)-L-抗坏血酸钠(10.24mg,0.052mmol)、五水合硫酸铜(II)(11.61mg,0.047mmol)和((4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(23.88mg,0.093mmol)。将该反应混合液脱气,然后在85℃加热2小时。将该混合液在真空下浓缩,并将残余物经ISCO自动色谱(40g硅胶,0-50%乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷)纯化,得到(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(33mg,0.032mmol,61.2%收率),为褐色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:721.4[M+H]+。
步骤6。(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇
将(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(33mg,0.032mmol)在乙酸(1.05mL)和水(0.45mL)中的混合液在90℃搅拌2小时。将该混合液用甲醇稀释,并注入制备型HPLC(柱:Phenomenex Luna AXIA30x100 C18 5u(10min):溶剂A:90%H2O-10%ACN-0.1%TFA,溶剂B:10%ACN-90%H2O0.1%TFA梯度:30-50%B,经15分钟;流速:40ml/min)。合并正确的级分,在真空下浓缩,用饱和的NaHCO3溶液碱化至pH 9-10,并用二氯甲烷萃取(3x30mL)。在真空下除去溶剂,得到所需产物(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3-氟-5-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇(10mg,0.015mmol,49.0%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:721.4[M+H]+;1HNMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.58(s,1H),7.96(br d,J=8.58Hz,1H),7.86(br d,J=8.36Hz,1H),7.76(br s,1H),7.43(s,1H),7.35(br d,J=9.68Hz,1H),4.85-4.90(m,2H),4.33-4.40(m,1H),4.13(s,1H),4.00(s,3H),3.71-3.77(m,1H),3.64-3.70(m,2H),2.45(s,3H)。hGal-3 IC50=0.014μM。
实施例4。2-(((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺
步骤1。((4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷
在室温经20分钟向5-溴-2-氯-1,3-二氟苯(27.3g,120mmol)、碘化铜(I)(0.389g,2.041mmol)和双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(II)(1.432g,2.041mmol)在TEA(120ml)中的脱气的混合液中加入乙炔基三甲基硅烷(17.30ml,122mmol)。观测到微放热反应。将该混合液在室温搅拌8小时,然后用己烷稀释,并经Celite过滤。将滤液在真空下浓缩,并将残余物用硅胶快速柱纯化,用己烷洗脱,得到((4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(29.23g,109mmol,91%收率),为油状物。1H NMR(500MHz,氯仿-d)δ1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.03-7.10(m,2H),0.22-0.29(m,9H)。
步骤2。(2S,4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯
向(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-叠氮基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(3.0g,7.95mmol)在DMF(30mL)和H2O(12mL)中的溶液中加入(+)-L-抗坏血酸钠(1.575g,7.95mmol)、五水合硫酸铜(II)(1.786g,7.16mmol)和((4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)乙炔基)三甲基硅烷(3.11g,12.72mmol)。将该反应混合液在85℃加热1小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合液与冰冷的水(180mL)混合。将得到的混合液在室温搅拌10分钟。棕色固体通过抽滤收集。将该固体用CHCl3(400mL)和MeOH(60mL)的混合液稀释。将得到的混合液加热至回流,搅拌10分钟,并趁热过滤。将固体残余物用CHCl3(50mL)和THF(50mL)的混合液洗涤。将有机层合并,并在真空下浓缩至干燥。将残余物混悬至MeOH(100mL)中,在室温搅拌5分钟,并进行过滤。收集滤饼,并在真空下在50℃干燥过夜,得到(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(3.87g,89%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:550.0[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.06(s,1H),7.49–7.33(m,7H),5.87(dd,J=11.0,9.6Hz,1H),5.51(s,1H),5.19(dd,J=11.0,3.3Hz,1H),4.53–4.43(m,2H),4.22(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),4.11(dd,J=12.8,1.8Hz,1H),3.83–3.75(m,4H),3.49(d,J=4.7Hz,1H),1.87(s,3H)。
步骤3(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
将预先在冰箱中冷却的甲醇中的氨(7N)(700mL,4900mmol)一次性加入(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(9.84g,17.89mmol)中。将该混合液在密封烧瓶中于室温搅拌18小时。将该混合液(现在是澄清溶液)在真空下浓缩至干燥。向残余物中加入二氯甲烷(30mL),并将该混合液在真空下浓缩,得到(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(9.28g,17.89mmol,100%收率,95%纯),为白色固体:MS(ESI)m/z:493.0[M+H]+;1HNMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.03(s,1H),7.47–7.40(m,2H),7.40–7.31(m,5H),6.88(s,1H),5.66(s,1H),5.49(s,1H),5.04(dd,J=10.5,3.3Hz,1H),4.92(s,1H),4.66–4.49(m,2H),4.43(dd,J=12.8,1.7Hz,1H),4.15(dd,J=12.8,1.7Hz,1H),4.04(d,J=9.5Hz,1H),3.84(d,J=1.4Hz,1H)。
步骤4。(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺
将(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(3.75g,7.30mmol)和1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙-1-胺(3.30g,22.30mmol)在1,4-二噁烷(100mL)中的非均相混合物在60℃加热5小时。在真空下除去挥发物。向残余物中加入己烷(100mL)和乙醚(20mL)。将该混合液在室温搅拌5分钟,通过抽滤收集不溶的产物(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(4.34g,7.34mmol,100%收率,95%纯),为米黄色固体,并在真空下干燥过夜。MS(ESI)m/z:562.1[M+H]+;1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.05(s,1H),7.52–7.29(m,7H),6.25(s,1H),5.47(s,1H),5.05(dd,J=10.5,3.4Hz,1H),4.57(dd,J=12.6,1.5Hz,1H),4.52–4.36(m,2H),4.15–3.89(m,2H),3.76(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),3.16(s,3H),3.09(s,3H),2.43(s,3H)。
步骤5。(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇
将(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-N-((E)-1-(二甲氨基)亚乙基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酰胺(3.00g,5.07mmol)和(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)肼(1.175g,5.58mmol)在二噁烷(24mL)和乙酸(24mL)中的混合液在80℃搅拌60分钟。将该混合液在真空下浓缩至几乎干燥。将残余物用乙酸乙酯(450mL)稀释,用1M K2HPO4溶液(2x80mL)和盐水(80mL)洗涤。将有机层经无水MgSO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩,得到粗制的产物。将该粗制产物溶于CH2Cl2(100mL)中。并加入15g硅胶。将溶剂蒸发,得到固体残余物,将其装入固体装载盒中,并经ISCO自动色谱纯化(330g硅胶,60分钟0-2.5%MeOH/CH2Cl2的梯度)。将由此获得的产物进一步从己烷和EtOAc再结晶,得到(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(1.899g,2.68mmol,52.8%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:709.1[M+H]+;1HNMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.04(s,1H),7.75(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.69–7.57(m,2H),7.47–7.39(m,2H),7.39–7.28(m,5H),5.38(s,1H),5.07(dd,J=10.8,3.3Hz,1H),4.78(ddd,J=10.9,9.0,2.1Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.55(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.46(dd,J=3.3,1.1Hz,1H),3.92(dd,J=12.8,1.8Hz,1H),3.76–3.67(m,1H),3.52(q,J=1.6Hz,1H),2.43(s,3H)。
步骤6。2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)乙酸
在0℃向(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(500mg,0.705mmol)在THF(10mL)中的溶液中一次性加入氢化钠(60%油分散液)(56.4mg,1.410mmol)。将该混合液在0℃搅拌15分钟,随后经1分钟加入在THF(2mL)中的2-溴乙酸乙酯(0.094mL,0.846mmol)。将该混合液在0℃搅拌45分钟,然后用EtOH(2mL)淬灭,用乙酸乙酯(150mL)稀释,用水(3x130mL)和盐水(30mL)洗涤,经无水MgSO4干燥,并在真空下浓缩至干燥。将残余物溶于THF(25mL)中,并在室温经1分钟加入氢氧化锂(67.2mg,2.81mmol)在水(5mL)中的溶液。将该混合液在室温搅拌1.5小时,然后在真空下浓缩至体积大约5mL。将残余物用水(15mL)稀释,并用1N HCl溶液酸化至pH 5-6。通过抽滤收集不溶的产物2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)乙酸(532mg,0.693mmol,98%收率),为白色固体,并在50℃在真空下干燥。MS(ESI)m/z:767.4[M+H]+。
步骤7。2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺
将2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)乙酸(30mg,0.039mmol)、在THF中的甲胺(0.039mL,0.078mmol)、BOP(25.9mg,0.059mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.020mL,0.117mmol)在DMF(0.5mL)中的混合液在室温搅拌2小时。将其用乙酸乙酯(50mL)稀释,用水(2x20mL)、0.5NHCl溶液(20mL)和盐水(20mL)洗涤,并经无水MgSO4干燥。在真空下除去溶剂,得到2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺(30mg,0.038mmol,98%收率),为白色固体,将其未经进一步纯化地用于下一个步骤。
步骤8。2-(((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺
将2-(((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-6-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-8-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺(30mg,0.038mmol)和70%乙酸(2.5mL,0.038mmol)的混合液在70℃加热9小时。将该混合液用甲醇稀释,并注入制备型HPLC(柱:Phenomenex Luna AXIA 5u C18 21.2x100(10min);溶剂A:90%H2O-10%甲醇-0.1%TFA,溶剂B:10%甲醇-90%H2O0.1%TFA;梯度:20-100%B,经15分钟;流速:20ml/min)。合并正确的级分,在真空下浓缩,用饱和的NaHCO3溶液碱化至pH 9-10,并用二氯甲烷萃取(3x30mL)。将合并的萃取物经无水Na2SO4干燥。在真空下除去溶剂,得到所需产物2-(((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(1-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-4-(4-(4-氯-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)氧基)-N-甲基乙酰胺(18mg,0.026mmol,67.6%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:692.0[M+H]+。1HNMR(500MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.82(s,1H),7.99(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.94-7.85(m,2H),7.74-7.64(m,2H),5.11(dd,J=10.6,2.9Hz,1H),4.96(br t,J=9.8Hz,1H),4.50(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),4.13(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),3.93(br d,J=15.1Hz,1H),3.77-3.58(m,4H),2.54(s,3H),2.46(s,3H)。hGal-3 IC50=0.023μM。
下表中的实施例5至25使用实施例1至4所述的方法合成。
4-氯-2-异硫氰酸基(isothiocyanato)-1-(三氟甲基)苯的制备
向200mL梨形烧瓶中加入碳酸氢钠(7.7g,92mmol)和水(30mL)。搅拌10分钟后,加入DCM(30mL)和5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯胺(2.1mL,15mmol)。将该混合液冷却至0℃,然后经10分钟的时间加入硫光气(1.8mL,23mmol)。使反应缓慢达到室温,并搅拌。18小时后,将反应混合液用水(200mL)稀释,并用DCM萃取(2x100mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物经快速柱色谱纯化(80g硅胶柱;A=Hex,B=EtOAc;30分钟梯度;0%B至40%B;流速=60mL/min)。合并纯级分,浓缩,并在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(2.0g,8.3mmol,54%收率),为浅黄色油状物。MS(ESI)m/z:237.9[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(500MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.66-7.57(m,1H),7.45-7.41(m,1H),7.39-7.33(m,1H)。
4-氯-2-异硫氰酸基-1-(三氟甲氧基)苯的制备
向200mL梨形烧瓶中加入碳酸氢钠(7.2g,85mmol)和水(60mL)。搅拌10分钟后,加入DCM(60mL)和5-氯-2-(三氟甲氧基)苯胺(3.0g,14mmol)。将该混合液冷却至0℃,然后经10分钟的时间加入硫光气(1.6mL,21mmol)。使反应缓慢达到室温,并搅拌。18小时后,将反应混合液用水(200mL)稀释,并用DCM萃取(2x100mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物经快速柱色谱纯化(80g硅胶柱;A=Hex,B=EtOAc;30分钟梯度;0%B至40%B;流速=60mL/min)。合并纯级分,浓缩,并在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(3.2g,13mmol,90%收率),为浅黄色油状物。1H NMR(500MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.30-7.25(m,3H)。
实施例26。(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-(4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3,5-二醇
步骤1:制备(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-碳酰肼
向200mL梨形烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(250mg,0.42mmol)、水合肼(0.31mL,4.2mmol)和乙醇(8mL)。将该反应混合液在85℃搅拌。18小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(5x2mL进样;方法:Grad.Solv.系统:40%A:60%B至0%A:100%B;(A=10%MeCN/90%H2O+0.1%TFA);(B=90%MeCN/10%H2O+0.1%TFA);在220nm检测;10分钟梯度;Phenomenex AXIA 5u C18,30x100mm)。合并纯级分,并浓缩。将生成的残余物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(150mg,0.23mmol,54%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:554.9[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.46-8.43(m,1H),7.94-7.89(m,1H),7.71-7.65(m,1H),7.40-7.37(m,5H),5.63-5.60(m,1H),5.30-5.22(m,1H),4.59-4.51(m,2H),4.19-4.11(m,2H),4.06-4.00(m,1H),3.96-3.92(m,1H)。
步骤2:制备5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(阻转异构体的混合物)
步骤2a:向100梨形烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-碳酰肼(150mg,0.23mmol)、4-氯-2-异硫氰酸基-1-(三氟甲基)苯(63mg,0.270mmol)和DMF(10mL)。搅拌该反应混合液。18小时后,将反应混合液用水稀释,并通过真空过滤收集生成的白色沉淀。
步骤2b:将步骤2a的产物混悬于水(10mL)中,并加入K2CO3(1.0g,7.2mmol)。将该反应混合液在回流下剧烈搅拌。18小时后,冷却反应,用水(100mL)稀释,并用EtOAc萃取(2x50mL)。合并有机相,用水、盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(4x2mL进样;方法:Grad.Solv.系统:20%A:80%B至0%A:100%B;(A=10%MeCN/90%H2O+0.1%TFA);(B=90%MeCN/10%H2O+0.1%TFA);在220nm检测;10分钟梯度;Phenomenex AXIA 5u C18,30x100mm)。合并纯级分,并浓缩。将生成的残余物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(42mg,0.054mmol,23%收率),为褐色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:774.1[M+H]+(方法B)(观察到两个质量相同的接近洗脱峰)。
步骤3:制备实施例26
向50mL圆底烧瓶中加入5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(42mg,0.054mmol)和DCM(3mL)。冷却至0℃后,滴加过氧化氢(50%水溶液)(0.012mL,0.19mmol)在AcOH(3mL)中的溶液。然后使该反应缓慢达到室温,并搅拌。18小时后,将该反应混合液冷却至0℃,用1N NaOH(50mL)稀释,并用EtOAc萃取(2x25mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将生成的残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5-μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;梯度:0-分钟,保持在18%B,18-58%B,经20分钟,然后4-分钟,保持在100%B;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25C。通过MS信号触发级分收集)。合并含有所需产物的级分,并通过离心蒸发干燥,得到标题化合物(14mg,0.022mmol,41%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:651.1[M+H]+(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.86-8.77(m,1H),8.46-8.37(m,1H),8.07-8.01(m,1H),7.99-7.87(m,3H),7.72-7.64(m,1H),5.61-5.55(m,1H),5.36-5.26(m,1H),5.00-4.85(m,2H),4.70-4.60(m,1H),4.39-4.24(m,1H),3.97-3.86(m,1H),3.63-3.54(m,1H),3.49-3.33(m,2H)。hGal-3 IC50=10nM。
实施例27和实施例28。5-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-3,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(单一阻转异构体)
步骤1:制备5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(单一阻转异构体)
根据实施例26(步骤2)的合成所述的方法,以(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-碳酰肼(440mg,0.80mmol)为起始原料,合成阻转异构体的混合物。通过制备型HPLC(7x2mL进样;方法:Grad.Solv.系统:50%A:50%B至0%A:100%B;(A=10%MeCN/90%H2O+0.1%TFA);(B=90%MeCN/10%H2O+0.1%TFA);在220nm检测;10分钟梯度;PhenomenexAXIA 5u C18,30x100mm)分离阻转异构体混合物。合并各纯级分(第1个和第2个洗脱的),并浓缩。将生成的残余物在真空下干燥,得到相应的纯的阻转异构体:
第1个洗脱的阻转异构体(110mg,0.14mmol,18%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:772.7[M+H]+r.t.=1.06min(方法B)。
第2个洗脱的阻转异构体(90mg,0.12mmol,15%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:772.7[M+H]+r.t.=1.08min(方法B)。
步骤2:制备实施例27(实施例28的阻转异构体)
向40mL小瓶中加入5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(第1个洗脱的阻转异构体)(110mg,0.14mmol)和AcOH(80%)(4mL)。将小瓶盖上,并将该反应混合液在75℃搅拌。18小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5-μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水含0.1%三氟乙酸;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水含0.1%三氟乙酸;梯度:0-分钟,保持在21%B,21-61%B,经20分钟,然后4-分钟,保持在100%B;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25C。通过MS信号触发级分收集)。合并含有所需产物的级分,并通过离心蒸发干燥,得到标题化合物(36mg,0.053mmol,38%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:682.8[M+H]+r.t.=1.651min(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.45-8.40(m,1H),8.07-8.02(m,1H),7.97-7.93(m,1H),7.93-7.88(m,1H),7.70-7.63(m,1H),7.60-7.55(m,1H),5.71-5.63(m,1H),5.40-5.31(m,1H),5.00-4.89(m,1H),4.73-4.64(m,1H),4.60-4.49(m,1H),4.18-4.11(m,1H),3.97-3.85(m,1H)。hGal-3 IC50=76nM。
步骤2:制备实施例28(实施例27的阻转异构体)
向40mL小瓶中加入5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(第2个洗脱的阻转异构体)(90mg,0.117mmol)和AcOH(80%)(4mL)。将小瓶盖上,并将该反应混合液在75℃搅拌。18小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5-μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;梯度:0-分钟,保持在17%B,17-57%B,经20分钟,然后4-分钟,保持在100%B;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25C。通过MS信号触发级分收集)。合并含有所需产物的级分,并通过离心蒸发干燥,得到标题化合物(29mg,0.042,35%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:683.1[M+H]+r.t.=1.618min(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.32(d,J=3.1Hz,1H),8.00-7.96(m,1H),7.95-7.88(m,2H),7.78(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.65(s,1H),5.75-5.65(m,1H),5.24-5.17(m,1H),4.93-4.84(m,1H),4.64-4.56(m,1H),4.28-4.19(m,1H),3.87-3.80(m,1H),3.58-3.49(m,1H),3.31-3.23(m,2H)。hGal-3 IC50=6.9nM。
实施例29。(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-醇
步骤1:制备(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇
向50mL圆底烧瓶中加入5-((4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(阻转异构体混合物)(210mg,0.27mmol)和DCM(5mL)。冷却0℃至后,滴加过氧化氢(50%水溶液)(0.12mL,1.9mmol)在AcOH(5mL)中的溶液。在该温度搅拌15分钟后,将该反应混合液用1M NaOH(50mL)淬灭,并用EtOAc萃取(2x25mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将产物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(200mg,0.27mmol,99%收率),为米白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:740.5[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.89-8.80(m,1H),8.48-8.29(m,1H),8.00-7.85(m,3H),7.74-7.64(m,2H),7.44-7.34(m,5H),5.78-5.67(m,1H),5.59-5.47(m,1H),5.35-5.25(m,1H),4.80-4.67(m,2H),4.49-4.43(m,1H),4.09-4.02(m,1H),3.99-3.89(m,1H),3.86-3.77(m,1H)。
步骤2:制备实施例29
步骤2a:向25mL梨形烧瓶中加入(4aR,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-6-(4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-7-醇(60mg,0.081mmol)和THF(5mL)。将该反应混合液冷却至0℃,然后加入氢化钠(60%在矿物油中的分散液)(27mg,0.68mmol)。将该反应混合液在以上温度搅拌20分钟,然后经5分钟滴加三氟甲磺酸2,2-二氟乙酯(0.089mL,0.68mmol)。反应在0℃继续。1.5小时后,将反应混合液用饱和的NH4Cl(100mL)稀释,并用EtOAc萃取(2x50mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物经快速柱色谱纯化(12g硅胶柱;A=Hex,B=EtOAc;10分钟梯度;0%B至100%B;流速=8mL/min)。合并纯级分,浓缩,并在真空下干燥。
步骤2b:将步骤2a的产物溶于80%AcOH(4mL)中,并在75℃搅拌。30小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将得到的残余物溶于THF(2mL)和1M NaOH(2mL)中,并将小瓶剧烈搅拌。30分钟后,将反应混合液用5%柠檬酸(15mL)稀释,并用EtOAc(15mL)分层。将各层分离,将水相用EtOAc萃取,合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5-μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含乙酸胺;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含乙酸胺;梯度:0-分钟,保持在30%B,30-70%B,经20分钟,然后0-分钟,保持在100%B;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25C。通过MS和UV信号触发级分收集)。合并含有所需产物的级分,并通过离心蒸发干燥,得到标题化合物(23mg,0.032mmol,40%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:715.1[M+H]+(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.90(s,1H),8.80(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),8.05(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.99-7.85(m,2H),7.66(s,2H),5.56-5.50(m,2H),5.16-5.05(m,2H),4.83-4.76(m,1H),4.38-4.28(m,1H),3.97-3.91(m,1H),3.63-3.56(m,1H),3.48-3.35(m,2H)。hGal-3 IC50=11nM。
根据实施例26至29所述的方法使用适合的原料合成下表中的实施例30至65。
实施例66(实施例67的阻转异构体)。5-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-3,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2-甲基-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮
根据实施例26–28的合成所述的方法,在合适的情况下用甲基肼代替水合肼,合成实施例66。MS(ESI)m/z:697.2[M+H]+(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.42-8.39(m,1H),8.07-8.02(m,1H),7.96-7.92(m,1H),7.91-7.86(m,1H),7.67-7.62(m,1H),7.58-7.53(m,1H),4.95-4.88(m,1H),4.57-4.49(m,1H),4.19-4.14(m,1H),3.96-3.90(m,1H),3.82-3.76(m,1H),3.72-3.67(m,1H),3.64-3.56(m,1H),3.50-3.43(m,1H),3.40-3.32(m,1H),2.56(s,3H)。hGal-3 IC50=750nM。
实施例67(实施例66的阻转异构体)。5-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4-(4-(4-溴-2,3-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-3,5-二羟基-6-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-4-(5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-2-甲基-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮
根据实施例26–28,的合成所述的方法,在合适的情况下用甲基肼代替水合肼,合成实施例67。MS(ESI)m/z:698.0[M+H]+(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.36-8.32(m,1H),8.02-7.99(m,1H),7.96-7.90(m,2H),7.85-7.80(m,1H),7.70-7.64(m,1H),5.76-5.68(m,1H),5.28-5.17(m,1H),5.00-4.86(m,1H),4.69-4.57(m,1H),4.33-4.25(m,1H),3.89-3.82(m,1H),2.56(s,3H)(一个质子被遮蔽)。hGal-3 IC50=9.3nM。
实施例68。(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-(4-(苯并[d]噻唑-6-基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-4-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-(羟基甲基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-醇
步骤1:制备(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯
向250mL圆底烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8S,8aR)-7-乙酸基-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(1.0g,1.7mmol)、THF(17mL),MeOH(17mL),随后加入甲醇钠(25%在MeOH中的溶液)(0.39mL,1.7mmol)。将该反应混合液在N2下搅拌。18小时后,将该溶液用1N HCl(1mL)中和,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物与甲苯共蒸发。向生成的残余物中加入碳酸氢钠(1.4g,17mmol)、碘代甲烷(0.53mL,8.4mmol)和DMF(30mL)。将该反应混合液在N2下搅拌。18小时后,将反应混合液用水(150mL)稀释,并用EtOAc萃取(2x75mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将残余物通过从乙醚中研磨纯化。将产物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(0.7g,1.3mmol,75%收率),为白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:554.0[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.02-8.93(m,1H),7.86-7.74(m,2H),7.34(s,5H),5.82-5.71(m,1H),5.58-5.51(m,1H),5.23-5.15(m,1H),4.57-4.45(m,2H),4.20-4.08(m,3H),4.01-3.93(m,1H),3.74(s,3H)。
步骤2:制备(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯
向25mL圆底烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-羟基-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(0.40g,0.72mmol)和DMF(15mL)。将该反应混合液冷却至0℃,然后加入NaH(60%在矿物油中的分散液)(0.087g,2.2mmol)。在该温度搅拌45分钟后,加入三氟甲磺酸2,2-二氟乙酯(0.29ml,2.2mmol),并在0℃继续反应。在该温度搅拌1小时后,将该反应混合液用饱和的NH4Cl(100mL)淬灭,并用EtOAc萃取(2x50mL)。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并浓缩。将该固体与乙醚研磨,通过真空过滤收集产物,并在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(0.43g,0.70mmol,96%收率),为米白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:618.0[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.20-9.12(m,1H),7.75-7.70(m,2H),7.38(s,5H),5.74-5.45(m,3H),4.66-4.56(m,1H),4.55-4.46(m,2H),4.40-4.30(m,1H),4.21-4.08(m,2H),4.03-3.97(m,1H),3.79(s,3H),3.68-3.58(m,1H)。
步骤3:制备(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-碳酰肼
向100mL梨形烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-甲酸甲酯(0.43g,0.70mmol)和EtOH(30mL)。向该混合液中加入水合肼(0.34mL,7.0mmol),并将该反应混合液在85℃搅拌。48小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将得到的半固体用乙醚沉淀,超声处理,通过真空过滤收集固体产物。将滤饼用乙醚洗涤,并将产物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(0.36g,0.58mmol,84%收率),为褐色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:618.1[M+H]+(方法B)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.75-9.68(m,1H),9.20-9.16(m,1H),7.78-7.72(m,2H),7.36(s,5H),5.78-5.74(m,2H),5.70-5.53(m,2H),5.46-5.38(m,1H),4.72-4.62(m,1H),4.14-4.07(m,2H),3.99-3.91(m,1H),3.90-3.84(m,1H),3.76-3.65(m,1H)。
步骤4:制备(E)-N'-((4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-羰基)-N,N-二甲基-甲腙酰胺(formohydrazonamide)
向100mL梨形烧瓶中加入(4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-碳酰肼(70mg,0.11mmol)、THF(5mL)和DMF-DMA(0.018mL,0.14mmol)。将该反应混合液在65℃搅拌。2小时后,将溶剂浓缩,将残余物用乙醚研磨,并通过真空过滤收集该固体。将产物在真空下干燥,得到标题化合物(76mg,0.11mmol,100%收率),为米白色固体。MS(ESI)m/z:672.9[M+H]+(方法B)。
步骤5:制备实施例68
步骤5a:向10mL梨形烧瓶中加入(E)-N'-((4aR,6R,7R,8R,8aR)-8-(4-(4-溴-3,5-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-7-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-2-苯基六氢吡喃并[3,2-d][1,3]二噁烯-6-羰基)-N,N-二甲基-甲腙酰胺(76mg,0.11mmol)、苯并[d]噻唑-6-胺(26mg,0.17mmol)、MeCN(1mL)和AcOH(1mL)。将该反应混合液在105℃搅拌。1.5小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物溶于甲苯中,并再次浓缩。将残余物经快速柱色谱纯化(24g硅胶柱;A=Hex,B=EtOAc;15分钟梯度;0%B至10%B;流速=24mL/min,产物在100%B下分离)。合并纯级分,浓缩,并在真空下干燥。
步骤2b:将步骤5a的产物溶于AcOH(80%水溶液)(3mL)中,并在75℃搅拌。48小时后,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物与甲苯(2x)共蒸发。将残余物溶于MeOH(1mL)和THF(1mL)中,然后加入NaOMe(1低,25%在MeOH中的溶液)。15分钟后,将该反应混合液用1N HCl中和,将溶剂浓缩,并将残余物经制备型HPLC纯化(柱:XBridge C18,200mm x 19mm,5-μm颗粒;流动相A:5:95乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;流动相B:95:5乙腈:水,含10-mM乙酸胺;梯度:0-分钟,保持在20%B,20-60%B,经25分钟,然后4-分钟,保持在100%B;流速:20mL/min;柱温:25C。通过MS和UV信号触发级分收集)。合并含有所需产物的级分,并通过离心蒸发干燥,得到标题化合物(12mg,0.018mmol,16%收率)。MS(ESI)m/z:670.0[M+H]+(方法C)。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.56(s,1H),9.15(s,1H),9.04(s,1H),8.57(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.30(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.82-7.79(m,2H),5.67-5.54(m,1H),5.53-5.32(m,1H),5.25-5.15(m,1H),5.10-5.05(m,1H),4.63-4.52(m,1H),4.00-3.91(m,1H),3.89-3.81(m,1H),3.75-3.65(m,1H)(两个质子被遮蔽)。hGal-3 IC50=25nM。
根据实施例68中所述的方法使用适合的原料合成下表中的实施例69至75。
Claims (15)
1.式(I)的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基或萘基;且其中每个环基团被1至5个选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷基和C1-4卤代烷氧基的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基和C3-6环烷基;
R1和R1a独立地是H或C1-4烷基;且
R2独立地选自羟基、C1-4烷氧基、C1-4卤代烷氧基、-OCH2C(O)OH、-OCH2C(O)N(C1-2烷基)(CH2)2NH(C1-4烷基)、-OCH2C(O)-(C3-6环烷基)和-OCH2C(O)NH(C1-4烷基)。
7.权利要求6的化合物,其中:
Ar2独立地是苯基或萘基;且其中每个环基团被1至3个选自氰基、F、Cl、Br、CH3和-OCH3的取代基取代;
Ar3独立地选自苯基、吡啶基和苯并噻唑基;且其中每个环基团被0至3个选自以下的取代基取代:Cl、CF3、-OCF3和环丙基;
R1是CH3;且
R2独立地选自羟基、-OCH3、-OCH2C(O)-(环丙基)和-OCH2C(O)NH(CH3)。
10.权利要求1至9中任一项的化合物,其中R2是羟基。
11.权利要求1的化合物,其中所述化合物选自实施例1至73或其药学上可接受的盐。
12.组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1至11中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。
13.权利要求1至11中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求12的组合物,其用作药物。
14.治疗器官纤维化(包括肝、肾、肺、心脏和皮肤)、肝疾病和病症(包括急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化、门静脉高压、再生衰竭、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、肝功能减退和肝血流障碍)、细胞增殖性疾病、癌症和病症(包括实体瘤、实体瘤转移、血管纤维瘤、骨髓瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、卡波西肉瘤、白血病、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL))和癌细胞的侵袭性转移)、炎性疾病和病症(包括银屑病、肾病和肺炎)、胃肠道疾病和病症(包括肠易激综合征(IBS)、炎性肠病(IBD)和胰腺分泌异常)、肾疾病和病症、尿道相关疾病和病症(包括良性前列腺增生或与神经病性膀胱疾病、脊髓肿瘤、椎间盘突出、椎管狭窄相关的症状和源自糖尿病的症状)、下泌尿道疾病和病症(包括下泌尿道阻塞)、下泌尿道炎性疾病和病症(包括排尿困难和频尿)、胰腺疾病和病症、异常血管发生相关疾病和病症(包括动脉栓塞)、硬皮病、脑相关疾病和病症(包括脑梗死和脑出血)、神经病性疼痛和周围神经病变、眼疾病和病症(包括年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、糖尿病性视网膜病、增生性玻璃体视网膜病(PVR)、瘢痕性类天疱疮和青光眼滤过手术瘢痕形成)的用途,其包括向患者施用治疗有效量的权利要求1至11中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求12的组合物。
15.权利要求14的用途,其中,所述疾病或病症是肾纤维化、肺纤维化、肝纤维化、动脉纤维化或系统性硬化病。
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