CN113719047A - Building outer wall protection and decoration structure and application and construction process - Google Patents
Building outer wall protection and decoration structure and application and construction process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113719047A CN113719047A CN202111045902.3A CN202111045902A CN113719047A CN 113719047 A CN113719047 A CN 113719047A CN 202111045902 A CN202111045902 A CN 202111045902A CN 113719047 A CN113719047 A CN 113719047A
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- protective layer
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- water
- decorative
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 265
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 194
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical group [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 further optionally Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010010214 Compression fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
- E04F13/04—Bases for plaster
- E04F13/047—Plaster carrying meshes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction methods, and particularly relates to a building outer wall protection and decoration structure and an application and construction process thereof. According to the invention, through the selection of the protective layer and the decorative layer, the protective layer replaces a plastering layer and a putty layer in the prior art, the original putty layer is saved, various performances and service life of the external wall heat insulation structure are not affected, the service life of the external wall heat insulation structure is prolonged to be the same as that of a building from the original 25 years, the construction process is greatly simplified, the construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the components of the decorative layer and the components of the protective layer have the same properties, so that the problems of hollowing, falling, cracking and the like caused by large performance difference of linear shrinkage coefficients, wet-heat expansion coefficients and the like of the layers of materials in the direction vertical to the heat-insulating layer are solved; the compactness and the hydrophobicity of the finish coat and the protective layer are improved, the strength of the finish coat is improved, the damage of rainwater erosion to the protective layer and the decorative layer is reduced, and the durability of the protective layer and the decorative layer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction methods, and particularly relates to a building outer wall protection and decoration structure and an application and construction process thereof.
Background
Heat insulation and preservation of buildings are important aspects of energy conservation, improvement of living environment and use functions. With the application of the external wall thermal insulation technology in practical engineering, the problems of external wall thermal insulation are gradually exposed. The existing external wall insulation board has the characteristics of gradually improving the durability, attractiveness and the like while paying attention to the insulation effect. For example, due to the influence of solar radiation, rain erosion, cold and hot temperature alternation and other factors, the surface layer of the finishing layer has the phenomena of surface layer fading, coating peeling, protective layer cracking, rain infiltration, partial or whole peeling of the external thermal insulation system of the external wall, and the like, thereby affecting the aesthetic property and the system durability. Even accidents caused by falling of the external heat insulation can lead to the inexistence of accidents of casualties.
The protective layer is used as a transition layer between the heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer, and the problems of cracking, hollowing, falling and the like of the heat insulation of the outer wall are mainly caused by the factors that the compactness of the material of the protective layer is low, the hydrophobicity is poor, the linear shrinkage coefficient, the wet-heat expansion coefficient and other performance differences of materials of all layers in the direction vertical to the heat-insulating material are large, the deformation of the heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer are different and the like under the influence of external factors, and finally the protective decorative layer of the heat-insulating system is far from the designed service life.
In the prior art, in order to prolong the service life of external wall insulation, the construction process of the current external wall insulation protective decorative layer comprises the steps of two slurry and one cloth, two times of putty, primer, two times of finish paint and the like, and the construction process is complex, the process is complicated and the period is long.
In view of this, in order to solve the problems that the external wall insulation structure in the existing system is easy to crack, hollowly and fall off, the structural layer is complex, the process is complicated, and the construction period is long, a new building external wall protection decorative structure, and the application and construction process thereof are urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that the external wall insulation structure in the prior art is easy to crack, hollowly and fall off, the structural layer is complex, the working procedure is complicated, the construction period is long and the like, so that the invention provides the building external wall protection and decoration structure and the application and construction process thereof.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a building outer wall protection and decoration structure which comprises a protective layer, a decoration layer and finish paint, wherein the protective layer, the decoration layer and the finish paint are sequentially arranged;
wherein the cementing materials of the protective layer and the decorative layer are inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer is less than or equal to 2.8, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Optionally, the folding ratio of the protective layer is 2.5-2.8, the area water absorption capacity is 230-2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer is 40-50MPa, the area water absorption capacity is 130-2·h]；
Optionally, the thickness of the protective layer is 1-4mm, and the thickness of the decorative layer is 1-5 mm.
Optionally, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar, the protective layer mortar comprises water and a protective layer dry material, the protective layer dry material comprises the following components in parts by weight,
150 portions and 350 portions of cement;
500 portions and 750 portions of sand;
50-200 parts of mineral filler;
1-60 parts of high molecular polymer;
3.1-10 parts of an additive;
wherein the high molecular polymer is a mixture of redispersible latex powder and polyvinyl alcohol.
Optionally, in the dry material of the protective layer, the high molecular polymer comprises 15-50 parts of redispersible latex powder and 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
the particle size of the sand is not more than 480 mu m; optionally, the particle size of the sand is 100-;
the mineral filler is at least one of fly ash, heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum; optionally, the specific surface area of the mineral filler is 2500-40000cm2/g；
The additive is at least one of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, starch ether, a water repellent, a water reducing agent and silicate; optionally, the additive comprises 2-4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 0.1-0.5 part of starch ether, 1-5 parts of water repellent, 0.1-2 parts of water reducer and 0.1-2 parts of silicate; optionally, the silicate is nano lithium silicate, nano sodium silicate or nano potassium silicate.
Optionally, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar, the decorative layer mortar comprises water and a decorative layer dry material, the decorative layer dry material comprises the following components in parts by weight,
comprises the following components in parts by weight,
cement 340-;
sand 450 and 660 parts;
1-80 parts of mineral active admixture;
2-60 parts of high-molecular polymer;
2.3-21 parts of an additive;
0-30 parts of pigment.
Optionally, in the dry decorative layer material, the high molecular polymer comprises redispersible latex powder and polyvinyl alcohol; optionally, 15-50 parts of redispersible latex powder and 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
the grain size of the sand is less than or equal to 830 mu m; optionally, the particle size of the sand is 100-;
the mineral active admixture is at least one of mineral powder, silica fume and fly ash;
the additive is at least one of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, a water repellent, a water reducing agent, a defoaming agent and a retarder; optionally, the additive comprises 0.1-2 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 1-5 parts of a water repellent, 0.1-2 parts of a water reducing agent, 0.1-2 parts of a defoaming agent and 1-10 parts of a retarder;
the pigment is an inorganic pigment, optionally, the pigment is an iron oxide series pigment, further optionally, the pigment is iron oxide red, phthalocyanine blue, iron oxide yellow or iron oxide black;
the retarder is at least one of citric acid, white granulated sugar and sodium gluconate.
Optionally, the cement is at least one of ordinary portland cement, white cement, special cement and high aluminate cement;
the water repellent is an organic silicon water repellent;
the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Optionally, in the protective layer mortar, the mass ratio of water to the protective layer dry material is 0.1-0.2;
in the decorative layer mortar, the mass ratio of water to dry decorative layer materials is 0.1-0.2;
optionally, the bonding layer is bonding mortar with bonding strength not less than 2.5 MPa;
the heat insulation layer is a heat insulation material commonly used in the building field, for example, the heat insulation layer can be a rock wool heat insulation plate, a graphite polyphenyl heat insulation plate, a graphite extruded sheet, a polyurethane heat insulation plate, an extruded sheet or a composite plate thereof, but is not limited to the above listed heat insulation materials;
the finish coat is pure acrylic emulsion, silicone acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
The invention further provides an application of the building outer wall protective and decorative structure in an outer wall heat insulation system, optionally, the outer wall heat insulation system is a thin-plastered outer wall heat insulation system, a large-mould built-in cast-in-place concrete heat insulation board system, a large-mould built-in cast-in-place concrete composite heat insulation board system, a steel wire mesh frame composite board spraying mortar outer wall heat insulation system or a cast-in-place concrete built-in heat insulation system, but not limited to the application system.
The invention also provides a construction process of the building outer wall protection and decoration structure, which comprises the following steps:
fixing mesh cloth on the outer surface of the application system, trowelling or spraying a protective layer, spraying a finishing coat and spraying finish paint.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a building outer wall protection and decoration structure which is characterized in that a bonding layer, a heat preservation layer, a protection layer, grid cloth, a decoration layer and finish paint are sequentially arranged outside a basic wall body; the gelled materials of the protective layer and the decorative layer are inorganic gelled materials, the compression-fracture ratio of the protective layer is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J level, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 3.0[ g/m ]2·h](ii) a The compressive strength of the decorative layer is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]. According to the invention, through the selection of the protective layer and the decorative layer, the protective layer replaces a plastering layer and a putty layer in the prior art, the original putty layer is saved, various performances and service life of the external wall heat insulation structure are not affected, the service life of the external wall heat insulation structure is prolonged to be the same as that of a building from the original 25 years, the construction process is greatly simplified, the construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the components of the decorative layer and the components of the protective layer have the same properties, so that the problems of hollowing, falling, cracking and the like caused by large performance difference of linear shrinkage coefficients, wet-heat expansion coefficients and the like of the layers of materials in the direction vertical to the heat-insulating layer are solved; the compactness, the strength and the hydrophobicity of the finish coat and the protective layer are improved, the damage of rainwater erosion to the protective layer and the decorative layer is reduced, and the durability of the protective layer and the decorative layer is improved.
According to the building outer wall protection decorative structure provided by the invention, through limitation on the dry materials of the protective layer and through the matching among the components and the adjustment of the using amount, the flexibility of the materials can be improved while the strength is ensured. Specifically, the higher the cement mixing amount is, the higher the strength is, and the higher the rigidity is; therefore, in order to obtain a material with high flexibility, the dosage of cement is controlled, and the cement is matched with other components with specific compositions, particularly a high molecular polymer with specific compositions, so that the flexibility of the material can be improved while the strength of the material is ensured.
In addition, the limitation of the grain size of the sand can ensure that the surface of the protective layer after construction is smooth and fine and has good compactness. By specific definition of the additiveAnd especially the limitation of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether and starch ether, can ensure the construction performance of the protective layer slurry, and simultaneously ensure the strength and flexibility of the material. In addition, the problem of efflorescence is 'cancer' which is difficult to cure by mortar at present, the invention adds silicate ions by utilizing silicate radicals and Ca (OH)2The reaction forms calcium silicate, which effectively inhibits the problem of mortar saltpetering, and simultaneously fills gaps formed after water molecules volatilize or participate in hydration heat, thereby further increasing the strength of the mortar.
According to the building outer wall protection and decoration structure provided by the invention, through limitation on the dry materials of the decoration layer, matching among all the components and adjustment of the using amount, the heat-insulation wall decoration layer material has high strength, the strength is more than or equal to 40MPa, the hydrophobicity is high, the mass water absorption rate is less than or equal to 3%, and the area water absorption rate is less than or equal to 155g/m2The durability of the low-efflorescence decorative material as an outer wall decorative material is more than or equal to 50 years, and the problem that the service life of a wall veneer layer is less than 25 years is solved. In addition, the problem of the efflorescence is 'cancer' which is difficult to cure by the existing mortar, and the invention can simultaneously solve the problems of efflorescence, uneven dispersion of pigment and efflorescence on the upper wall by matching the components. In addition, the facing layer uses inorganic cementing materials to replace organic cementing materials, and simultaneously uses inorganic pigments to adjust colors, so that the durability of the facing layer is improved.
In addition, the limit of the high molecular polymer can improve the hydrophobicity and crack resistance of the mortar, so that the inorganic decorative layer material has the characteristics of ultrahigh strength and low water absorption. The sand grain size is limited, so that the mortar collecting and matching effect can be improved, and the compactness of the mortar is improved through the powder collecting and matching device, so that the strength of the mortar is improved, and the water absorption rate is reduced. By limiting the composition of the additive, various performances of the heat-insulating wall decoration layer material can be further improved. For example, the problems that cracking is easily caused by too much water repellent and the water repellency of the material is insufficient due to too little water repellent can be avoided.
The building external wall protection and decoration structure provided by the invention is suitable for various external wall insulation systems, including a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, a large-mould built-in external wall insulation system, a steel wire mesh frame composite board spraying mortar external wall insulation system, a cast-in-place concrete built-in insulation system and the like, and is wide in application range.
The construction process of the building outer wall protective and decorative structure provided by the invention comprises the following construction procedures of fixing grid cloth on the outer surface of an application system, manually leveling a protective layer (or spraying and then manually leveling) (high-flexibility inorganic coating mortar), spraying a finish coat and spraying finish paint. The protective layer replaces a plastering layer and a putty layer in the prior art, the original putty layer is omitted, the cost is saved, and meanwhile, the cost is reduced. The decorative layer adopts a spraying construction process, and compared with the original plastering process, the construction method saves the construction time, improves the construction efficiency, greatly simplifies the construction procedures and improves the construction efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a thin-plastered exterior wall insulation system provided in embodiments 1-6 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large mold built-in heat preservation system provided in example 7 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an external wall insulation system formed by spraying mortar on a steel wire mesh frame composite board according to embodiment 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cast-in-place concrete built-in insulation system provided in example 9 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a prior art building exterior wall insulation system according to a comparative example of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a foundation wall; 2. a bonding layer; 3. a heat-insulating layer; 4. a protective layer; 5. mesh cloth; 6. a decorative layer; 7. finishing paint; 8. a class a fire shield; 9. spraying a mortar layer; 10. a self-compacting concrete layer; 11. a first surface coating layer; 12. a second rendering coat; 13. a first putty layer; 14. a second putty layer; 15. a first real stone paint layer; 16. and a second real stone paint layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
The polymer adhesive mortar used in the present invention may be a commercially available product, for example, a polymer adhesive mortar produced by the three-script deep science and technology company ltd, the new building materials ltd of tai zai, the building materials ltd of jinan, the building technologies ltd of zengda, the building materials ltd of sincheng yue, and the like.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the folding ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be 3 to 8mm, and in this embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5mm, and the composition is polymer adhesive mortar (SK-B03 model, manufactured by the shinkan san shui cheng science and technology corporation);
the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 9cm, and the heat insulation layer is made of rock wool boards;
the thickness of the protective layer is 2mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.13; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 3):
250kg of cement (type 42.5), 650kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 100kg, 30kg of high molecular polymer and 5kg of additive; wherein the grain diameter of the sand is 40-70 meshes: the mass ratio of the sand of 70-140 meshes is 1: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum in the mineral filler is 4: 2: 1: 2; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 3: 2; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (P750 model), water reducer (5731F model), and nano sodium silicate with the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1:2: 0.1.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 3mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.13; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 3):
400kg of cement (type 42.5), 550kg of sand, 50kg of mineral active admixture, 30kg of high molecular polymer, 2.7kg of additive and 7.3kg of pigment (iron oxide red); wherein the mass ratio of sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes to sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 2; the mass ratio of the mineral powder, the silica fume and the fly ash in the mineral active admixture is 1:2: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 5: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium citrate) are mixed according to a mass ratio of 0.5: 2: 1:1: 3.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (pure acrylic emulsion, BA-201 type) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the building external wall heat insulation system comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in the embodiment, the thickness of the bonding layer is 6mm, and the bonding layer is made of polymer bonding mortar (SK-B03 model, produced by Kagaku scientific and technological Co., Ltd.);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the graphite polystyrene board is formed;
the thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 4):
270kg of cement (42.5 type), 550kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 150kg, 40kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the grain diameter of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the grain diameter of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 2: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum in the mineral filler is 1:2: 1: 3; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 3: 2; hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (P750 model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), the mass ratio of nanometer sodium silicate is 4 in the admixture: 0.1: 5: 0.1: 2.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 4):
500kg of cement (type 42.5), 580kg of sand, 60kg of mineral active admixture, 35kg of high molecular polymer, 5.1kg of additive and 6.9kg of pigment (iron oxide red), wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes in the sand and the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 3; mineral active admixture silica fume; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 15: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium gluconate) in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 1:1: 5.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (silicone-acrylic emulsion, HS-1001 type) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5mm, and the adhesive layer is made of polymer adhesive mortar (SK-B03 model, manufactured by the shinkan san shui shi cheng science and technology ltd);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the material is an extruded sheet;
the thickness of the protective layer is 2mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.15; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 5):
250kg of cement (42.5 model), 620kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 10000 cm)2Per gram) 120kg, 30kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-100 meshes in the sand is 1: 3; fly ash, talc, of mineral fillersThe mass ratio of the powder is 1: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex Powder (5048H type) to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) in the high molecular polymer is 5:1, in the admixture, the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 type), starch ether (KH6 type), water repellent (Powder-A type) and water reducer (FOX-C900 type) is 2: 0.3: 1: 1.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2.5mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and dry decorative layer materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer materials is 0.15; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 5):
450kg of cement (type 42.5), 550kg of sand, 50kg of mineral active admixture, 32kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes to sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 2; the mass ratio of the silica fume to the fly ash in the mineral active admixture is 1: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 3: 1; in the admixture, the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), water repellent (Powder-A model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), defoaming agent (352-B model), retarder and pigment (iron oxide red) is 1: 3: 1:1: 5: 15; the retarder is sodium citrate.
And uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (styrene-acrylic emulsion, HS-1120) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the adhesive layer is 5mm, and the adhesive layer is made of polymer adhesive mortar (SK-B03 model, manufactured by the shinkan san shui shi cheng science and technology ltd);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the material is an extruded sheet;
the thickness of the protective layer is 2.5mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.15; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 6):
250kg of cement (42.5 model), 620kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 10000 cm)2Per gram) 120kg, 30kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-100 meshes in the sand is 1: 3; the mass ratio of fly ash to talcum powder in the mineral filler is 1: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex Powder (5048H type) to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) in the high molecular polymer is 5:1, in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 type), starch ether (KH6 type), water repellent (Powder-A type), water reducer (FOX-C900 type), and the mass ratio of nano sodium silicate is 2: 0.3: 1:1: 0.15.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.15; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 6):
450kg of cement (type 42.5), 550kg of sand, 50kg of mineral active admixture, 32kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes to sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 2; the mass ratio of the silica fume to the fly ash in the mineral active admixture is 1: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 3: 1; in the admixture, the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), water repellent (Powder-A model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), defoaming agent (352-B model), retarder and pigment (iron oxide red) is 1: 3: 1:1: 5: 15; the retarder is sodium citrate.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (styrene-acrylic emulsion, BC-01) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in the embodiment, the thickness of the bonding layer is 6mm, and the bonding layer is made of polymer bonding mortar (SK-B03 model, produced by Kagaku scientific and technological Co., Ltd.);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 9cm, and the heat-insulating layer is formed into a rock wool board;
the thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.1; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 1):
150kg of cement (type 42.5 Portland), 750kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 50kg, high molecular polymer 60kg, additive 3.1 kg; wherein the grain diameter of the sand is 40-70 meshes: the mass ratio of the sand of 70-140 meshes is 1: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate to fly ash in the mineral filler is 1: 1; redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 1: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (Powder-A model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), and nano sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 2: 0.3: 1:1: 0.15.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 4mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.1; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 1):
340kg of cement (type 42.5), 660kg of sand, 1kg of mineral active admixture, 60kg of high molecular polymer and 2.3kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes is 1:1: 1; the mineral active admixture is mineral powder; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 3: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium citrate) are mixed according to a mass ratio of 0.1: 1: 0.1: 0.1: 1.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (styrene-acrylic emulsion, WT-313 type) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a thin-plastered external wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 1, a bonding layer 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1; a mesh cloth 5 is arranged in the protective layer 4;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in the embodiment, the thickness of the bonding layer is 6mm, and the bonding layer is made of polymer bonding mortar (SK-B03 model, produced by Kagaku scientific and technological Co., Ltd.);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the graphite polystyrene board is formed;
the thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.2; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 2):
350kg of cement (42.5 type), 500kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 200kg, high molecular polymer 1kg, additive 10 kg; wherein, the grain diameter of the sand is 40-70 meshes: the mass ratio of the sand of 70-140 meshes is 1: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder and light calcium carbonate in the mineral filler is 2: 1: 1; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in the high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 60: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (Powder-D model), water reducer (5731F model), and nano sodium silicate in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 1: 0.2: 0.1.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 5mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.2; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 2):
550kg of cement (type 42.5), 450kg of sand, 80kg of mineral active admixture, 2kg of high molecular polymer, 21kg of additive and 30kg of pigment (iron oxide red), wherein the mass ratio of sand with particle size of 20-40 meshes in the sand and sand with particle size of 40-70 meshes to sand with particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 2; the mass ratio of the mineral powder, the silica fume and the fly ash in the mineral active admixture is 2: 2: 1; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer and polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 1: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium citrate) in a mass ratio of 2: 5: 2: 2: 10.
the finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (pure acrylic emulsion, model S-05, Jiangsuchengda New Material science and technology Co., Ltd.) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 7
The embodiment provides an external wall insulation system built in a large mold, as shown in fig. 2, an insulation layer 3, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the graphite polystyrene board is formed;
the thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 4):
270kg of cement (42.5 type), 550kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 150kg, 40kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein, the sandThe mass ratio of the sand with the medium grain diameter of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the grain diameter of 70-140 meshes is 2: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum in the mineral filler is 1:2: 1: 3; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 3: 2; hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (P750 model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), the mass ratio of nanometer sodium silicate is 4 in the admixture: 0.1: 5: 0.1: 2.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 4):
500kg of cement (type 42.5), 580kg of sand, 60kg of mineral active admixture, 35kg of high molecular polymer, 5.1kg of additive and 6.9kg of pigment (iron oxide red), wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes in the sand and the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 3; mineral active admixture silica fume; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 15: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium gluconate) in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 1:1: 5.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (silicone-acrylic emulsion, SD-528, New Material science and technology Co., Ltd. Jiangsuchun Dai, manufacturer) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. positioning and paying off the wall; 2. binding wall reinforcing steel bars according to a drawing; 3. installing the outer side heat preservation according to the designed heat preservation thickness; 4. installing a connecting piece and a limiting piece and connecting the connecting piece and the limiting piece with the wall body steel bar; 5. installing an inner template and an outer template of the wall; 6. reinforcing the template; 7. pouring a wall body; 8. removing the mold after the design strength is reached; 9. carrying out base layer treatment and polishing; 10. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a steel wire mesh frame composite board mortar spraying exterior wall heat insulation system, as shown in fig. 3, a heat insulation layer 3, an A-level fireproof plate 8, a spraying mortar layer 9, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat paint 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base layer wall body 1;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating layer is 7cm, and the insulating layer is a graphite polystyrene board;
the thickness of the A-level fireproof plate is 30mm, and the A-level fireproof plate is made of perlite plates;
the thickness of the spraying mortar layer is 30mm, and the spraying mortar layer is thermal insulation mortar with the model number SK-FTC;
the thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 4):
270kg of cement (42.5 type), 550kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 150kg, 40kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the grain diameter of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the grain diameter of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 2: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum in the mineral filler is 1:2: 1: 3; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 3: 2; additive agentWell hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), hydrophober (P750 model), water-reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), the mass ratio of nanometer sodium silicate is 4: 0.1: 5: 0.1: 2.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 4):
500kg of cement (type 42.5), 580kg of sand, 60kg of mineral active admixture, 35kg of high molecular polymer, 5.1kg of additive and 6.9kg of pigment (iron oxide red), wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes in the sand and the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 3; mineral active admixture silica fume; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 15: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium gluconate) in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 1:1: 5.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by spraying a layer of emulsion (silicone-acrylic emulsion, SD-528) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. positioning and paying off the wall; 2. installing a heat-insulating composite board (comprising a heat-insulating board and a fireproof board) according to the design size of a drawing; 3. processing the joints of the plates; 4. spraying mortar on two sides; 5. treating a base layer wall; 6. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a cast-in-place concrete built-in heat insulation system, as shown in fig. 4, a heat insulation layer 3, a self-compacting concrete layer 10, a protective layer 4, a decorative layer 6 and a finish coat 7 are sequentially arranged outside a base wall 1;
wherein, the cementing materials of the protective layer 4 and the decorative layer 6 are both inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer 4 is less than or equal to 2.8, the impact resistance is more than 6J grade, the area water absorption capacity is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer 6 is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
Specifically, in this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating layer is 7cm, and the insulating layer is a graphite polystyrene board;
the thickness of the self-compacting concrete layer is 50 mm.
The thickness of the protective layer is 3mm, the protective layer is prepared from protective layer mortar and comprises water and protective layer dry materials, and the mass ratio of the water to the protective layer dry materials is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry material of the protective layer is (protective layer patent example 4):
270kg of cement (42.5 type), 550kg of sand and mineral filler (specific surface area 5000 cm)2Per gram) 150kg, 40kg of high molecular polymer and 6kg of additive; wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the grain diameter of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the grain diameter of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 2: 3; the mass ratio of heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum in the mineral filler is 1:2: 1: 3; redispersible latex powder (5044N type) in high molecular polymer, polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) 3: 2; hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), starch ether (KH6 model), water repellent (P750 model), water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), the mass ratio of nanometer sodium silicate is 4 in the admixture: 0.1: 5: 0.1: 2.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the protective layer of the heat-insulating wall body, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the heat-insulating wall body.
The thickness of the decorative layer is 2mm, the decorative layer is prepared from decorative layer mortar and comprises water and a dry decorative layer material, and the mass ratio of the water to the dry decorative layer material is 0.18; wherein the composition of the dry decorative layer is (decorative layer patent example 4):
500kg of cement (type 42.5), 580kg of sand, 60kg of mineral active admixture, 35kg of high molecular polymer, 5.1kg of additive and 6.9kg of pigment (iron oxide red), wherein the mass ratio of the sand with the particle size of 20-40 meshes in the sand and the sand with the particle size of 40-70 meshes to the sand with the particle size of 70-140 meshes in the sand is 1:2: 3; mineral active admixture silica fume; the mass ratio of redispersible latex powder (5048H type) in the high molecular polymer to polyvinyl alcohol (2488 cold-soluble type) is 15: 1; in the admixture, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MH300P2 model), a water repellent (Powder-A model), a water reducing agent (FOX-C900 model), a defoaming agent (352-B model), and a retarder (sodium gluconate) in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 1:1: 5.
and uniformly mixing all the components of the dry material of the thermal insulation wall decoration layer, and then uniformly mixing the dry material with water to obtain the thermal insulation wall decoration layer.
The finish coat is formed by spraying a layer of emulsion (silicone-acrylic emulsion, HS-1001) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. positioning and paying off the wall; 2. binding wall steel bars according to a drawing design; 3. installing a heat insulation system according to the designed heat insulation thickness; 4. installing a connecting piece and a limiting piece and connecting the connecting piece and the limiting piece with the wall body steel bars; 5. installing an inner template and an outer template of the wall; 6. reinforcing the template; 7. simultaneously pouring wall concrete and protective layer concrete; 8. removing the mold after the design strength is reached; 8. fixing the mesh cloth by using a clamping piece, manually floating the protective layer, spraying the decorative layer and spraying finish paint.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a current building outer wall insulation system, as shown in fig. 5, outside basic wall 1, has set gradually tie coat 2, heat preservation 3, first plastering layer 11, net cloth 5, second plastering layer 12, first putty layer 13, second putty layer 14, first real stone paint layer 15, second real stone paint layer 16 and finish coat 7.
Specifically, the thickness of the bonding layer is 6mm, and the composition is polymer bonding mortar (SK-B03 model, produced by Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.);
the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 7cm, and the graphite polystyrene board is formed;
the thickness of first surface course is 2mm, and the constitution is: a polymer finishing mortar (SK-B02); the thickness of second rendering coat is 1mm, and the constitution is: polymer finishing mortar (SK-B02).
The thickness of the first putty layer is 0.5mm, and the model is PT-3001; the thickness of the second putty layer is 0.5mm, and the model is PT-3001;
the thickness of the first real stone paint layer is 1mm, and the model is QB-352; the thickness of the second real stone paint layer is 0.5mm, and the model is QB-352;
the finish coat is formed by thinly spraying a layer of emulsion (pure acrylic emulsion, BA-201) to form a complete protective film.
The construction process of the protective and decorative structure of the building outer wall comprises the following steps:
1. after the foundation wall is finished, cleaning the foundation wall to ensure that no dust and oil stains exist; 2. secondly, measuring a construction surface, hanging a datum line, and sticking a turned mesh cloth to achieve compaction and smoothness; 3. coating the adhesive mortar on the surface of the insulation board, adhering the insulation board to the base wall, fastening the insulation board by using the anchoring nails, and polishing the uneven position by using coarse abrasive paper; 4. fixing the grid cloth by using the clamping piece, leveling by adopting polymer plastering mortar for 2mm, and then leveling by 1 mm; 5 leveling twice by using putty after the plastering mortar is dried, and polishing and leveling by using coarse sand paper after a putty layer is dried; 6. applying a primer (not shown); 7. spraying the stone paint and the finish paint twice.
Performance testing
The performance tests of the protective and decorative structure of the outer wall of the building obtained in the embodiment and the comparative example of the invention comprise weather resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, area water absorption and water impermeability, and the specific test method comprises the steps of detecting the weather resistance, the freeze-thaw resistance, the water impermeability and the area water absorption according to JGJ 144-2019. The specific test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building outer wall protection and decoration structure is characterized by comprising a protective layer, a decoration layer and finish paint which are sequentially arranged, wherein grid cloth is arranged inside the protective layer or on one side close to the decoration layer;
wherein the cementing materials of the protective layer and the decorative layer are inorganic cementing materials,
the buckling ratio of the protective layer is less than or equal to 2.8, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 250 g/square meter, and the moisture flow density of water vapor transmission is more than or equal to 3.0 g/m2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer is more than or equal to 40MPa, the area water absorption is less than or equal to 160 g/square meter, the mass water absorption is less than or equal to 3 percent, and the water vapor transmission wet flow density is more than or equal to 2.0 g/m2·h]。
2. The protective and decorative structure for exterior walls of buildings according to claim 1, wherein the folding ratio of the protective layer is 2.5-2.8, the water absorption capacity per area is 230-2·h]；
The compressive strength of the decorative layer is 40-50MPa, the area water absorption capacity is 130-2·h]；
Optionally, the thickness of the protective layer is 1-4mm, and the thickness of the decorative layer is 1-5 mm.
3. The protective and decorative structure for external wall of building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said protective layer is prepared from a protective layer mortar, said protective layer mortar comprises water and a protective layer dry material, said protective layer dry material comprises the following components in parts by weight,
150 portions and 350 portions of cement;
500 portions and 750 portions of sand;
50-200 parts of mineral filler;
1-60 parts of high molecular polymer;
3.1-10 parts of an additive;
wherein the high molecular polymer is a mixture of redispersible latex powder and polyvinyl alcohol.
4. The protective and decorative structure for the exterior wall of the building according to claim 3, wherein in the dry material of the protective layer, the high molecular polymer comprises 15-50 parts of redispersible latex powder and 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
the grain size of the sand is less than or equal to 480 mu m; optionally, the particle size of the sand is 100-;
the mineral filler is at least one of fly ash, heavy calcium carbonate, talcum powder, light calcium carbonate and gypsum; optionally, the specific surface area of the mineral filler is 2500-40000cm2/g；
The additive is at least one of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, starch ether, a water repellent, a water reducing agent and silicate; optionally, the additive comprises 2-4 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 0.1-0.5 part of starch ether, 1-5 parts of water repellent, 0.1-2 parts of water reducer and 0.1-2 parts of silicate; optionally, the silicate is nano lithium silicate, nano sodium silicate or nano potassium silicate.
5. The protective and decorative structure for external wall of building as claimed in claim 3, wherein said decorative layer is prepared from a decorative layer mortar, said decorative layer mortar comprises water and dry decorative layer, said dry decorative layer comprises the following components by weight parts,
comprises the following components in parts by weight,
cement 340-;
sand 450 and 660 parts;
1-80 parts of mineral active admixture;
2-60 parts of high-molecular polymer;
2.3-21 parts of an additive;
0-30 parts of pigment.
6. The protective and decorative structure for the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 5, wherein the polymer comprises redispersible latex powder and polyvinyl alcohol; optionally, 15-50 parts of redispersible latex powder and 1-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
the particle size of the sand is less than or equal to 830 mu m; optionally, the particle size of the sand is 100-;
the mineral active admixture is at least one of mineral powder, silica fume and fly ash;
the additive is at least one of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, a water repellent, a water reducing agent, a defoaming agent and a retarder; optionally, the additive comprises 0.1-2 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, 1-5 parts of a water repellent, 0.1-2 parts of a water reducing agent, 0.1-2 parts of a defoaming agent and 1-10 parts of a retarder;
the pigment is an inorganic pigment, optionally, the pigment is an iron oxide series pigment, further optionally, the pigment is iron oxide red, phthalocyanine blue, iron oxide yellow or iron oxide black;
the retarder is at least one of citric acid, white granulated sugar and sodium gluconate.
7. The protective and decorative structure for external wall of building as claimed in any one of claims 3-6, wherein said cement is at least one of Portland cement, white cement, special cement, and high aluminate cement;
the water repellent is an organic silicon water repellent;
the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
8. The protective and decorative structure for the exterior wall of the building as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the mass ratio of water to dry materials of the protective layer in the protective layer mortar is 0.1 to 0.2;
in the decorative layer mortar, the mass ratio of water to dry decorative layer materials is 0.1-0.2;
optionally, the bonding layer is bonding mortar with bonding strength not less than 2.5 MPa;
the heat insulation layer is a rock wool heat insulation plate, a graphite polyphenyl heat insulation plate, a polyurethane heat insulation plate, a graphite extruded plate, an extruded plate or a composite plate thereof;
the finish coat is pure acrylic emulsion, silicone acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
9. The use of the protective and decorative structure for the exterior wall of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in an exterior wall insulation system, wherein the exterior wall insulation system is a thin-plastered exterior wall insulation system, a large-mold built-in cast-in-place concrete insulation board system, a large-mold built-in cast-in-place concrete composite insulation board system, a steel wire frame composite board sprayed mortar exterior wall insulation system or a cast-in-place concrete built-in insulation system.
10. The construction process of the protective and decorative structure for the external wall of the building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprises the following steps:
fixing mesh cloth on the outer surface of the application system, trowelling or spraying a protective layer, spraying a finishing coat and spraying finish paint.
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| CN115340330A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-15 | 建研紫金(北京)科技有限公司 | Special injection mortar for building composite heat-insulation enclosing wall board and preparation process thereof |
| CN116145888A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-05-23 | 成都建工第六建筑工程有限公司 | Assembled component heat preservation structure and construction method thereof |
| CN117945710A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-30 | 长沙市紫荆花涂料有限公司 | Stone-like decorative structure containing whole aggregate |
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| CN114920534A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-19 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Thin spraying material for roadway support sealing and use method thereof |
| CN115340330A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-15 | 建研紫金(北京)科技有限公司 | Special injection mortar for building composite heat-insulation enclosing wall board and preparation process thereof |
| CN116145888A (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-05-23 | 成都建工第六建筑工程有限公司 | Assembled component heat preservation structure and construction method thereof |
| CN116145888B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2023-09-01 | 成都建工第六建筑工程有限公司 | Assembled component heat preservation structure and construction method thereof |
| CN117945710A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-30 | 长沙市紫荆花涂料有限公司 | Stone-like decorative structure containing whole aggregate |
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