CN113717066A - 一种同位素化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种同位素化合物及其制备方法和用途,本发明所提供的同位素化合物可用于污水、毛发等检材中氟胺酮含量测定的内标,根据其保留时间及离子对匹配,对氟胺酮进行定性检测。根据色谱峰面积对相应化合物进行定量检测,利用该同位素化合物作为内标物可以降低检材的基质效应,在司法鉴定等方面具有很好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于精神活性物质及麻醉品标准物质制备与应用技术领域,具体涉及一种同位素精神活性物质及麻醉品标记化合物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
针对检材中微量、痕量物质的检测,液相色谱-质谱联用仪搭配同位素标记标准物质内标的同位素稀释质谱法是最常见、高效的检测手段。以同位素标记的标准物质作为内标,同位素标记内标和待测化合物除了分子量之外化学性质完全一致,因此,同位素稀释质谱法可以达到很高的检测精度和灵敏度,是污水中精神活性物质及麻醉品检测不可或缺的工具。
污水中的精神活性物质、麻醉品及相关代谢物的检测可以全面直观的评价一个城市的毒情泛滥情况,结合缉毒、禁毒工作相关数据对照,是城市总体毒情评价及刑事侦查的重要手段之一,对城市毒情评价、重点打击起到了关键作用。毛发中的精神活性物质、麻醉品及相关代谢物的含量检测,可以反应被检测对象长期接触精神活性物质及麻醉品的状况,对吸毒成瘾判定、社区戒毒康复等都是必不可少的检测手段。
氟胺酮是精神活性物质及麻醉品之一。目前环境或生物检材中微量氟胺酮的检测方法一般为液相质谱法,通过选择与氟胺酮化学性质相近的化合物作为内标,通过标准曲线法确定检材中氟胺酮的含量。选择的内标一般为较为常见的甲氧那明、D4-氯胺酮或D5-地西泮。在污水及生物检材中有明显的基质效应,因此上述内标不适用于低浓度下的检测,其检测灵敏度一般仅10-5%。基质效应指检材中除了目标物之外的物质对目标物检测形成的干扰。
因此,如何提高检材中氟胺酮含量检测的精准度和灵敏度是本领域亟需解决的技术问题之一。
发明内容
针对现有技术中所存在的氟胺酮检测精准度和灵敏度低的问题,本发明一方面提供了一种同位素化合物,该化合物的结构式如下:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4为H或D,且至少有一个为D。
优选地,该同位素化合物的结构式为:
本发明另一方面提供了上述同位素化合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将N-苄基去甲氟胺酮与氘代碘甲烷添加入反应容器进行反应;
例如,反应过程为:
(2)步骤(1)得到的反应产物在氘气条件下发生还原反应,得到上述同位素化合物;
例如,反应过程为:
本发明再一方面提供了上述同位素化合物在检测生物检材或污水中氟胺酮的含量中的用途。
在上述用途中,所述的检测包括如下步骤:
(1)设定液相色谱-质谱检测条件;
(2)标准曲线的绘制:在与待测样品所对应的阴性检材中,加入不同比例的氟胺酮与内标物标准溶液,得到混合标准溶液,经过与待测样品相同的前处理步骤后,进LC-MS/MS检测,对氟胺酮与所述内标物的峰面积比和浓度做标准曲线;其中,所述内标物是上述同位素化合物;
(3)待测样品的前处理及测定:待测样品加入所述内标物作为内标,经过与标准曲线绘制时所使用的相同前处理步骤后,进LC-MS/MS检测,得到待测样品和内标物的定量参数,用内标法标准曲线的公式计算即可得待测样品的含量。
所述步骤(1)中,所述的LC-MS/MS检测的流动相为:A:乙腈(0.01%甲酸),B:水(0.01%甲酸,5%甲酸铵),梯度:1min 80%A,4min 95%A,10min95%A;色谱柱:Poroshell120 PFP 3.0x100mm 1.9um;柱温:50℃;流速:0.5mL/min;进样量:5μL;离子源:电喷雾离子源,正模式(ESI+);喷雾电压3500V;离子源温度:340℃;碰撞气:氮气。
所述步骤(2)中,所述混合标准溶液中所述内标物的质量浓度为0.1%-99.9%。
所述步骤(3)中,所述待测样品中内标物的质量浓度为0.1%-99.9%。优选地,可以检测浓度为10-5%以下的氟胺酮含量,如10-7%-10-5%、且低于10-5%。
所述步骤(3)中,所述内标法标准曲线的公式计算为,
其中,X是所述待测样品的浓度,Y是液相色谱-质谱检测所得的峰面积,b0是标准曲线的截距,b1是标准曲线的斜率。
所述生物检材或所述污水中氟胺酮的含量为10-7%-10%。
本发明中的同位素化合物的结构式,举例如下:
本发明所提供的同位素化合物可用于污水和生物检材中精神活性物质及麻醉品氟胺酮含量测定的内标,可以降低检材的基质效应,在司法鉴定等方面具有很好的应用前景。
以下结合附图和具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中D4-氟胺酮的高分辨质谱图。
图2是实施例1中D4-氟胺酮的1H-NMR谱图。
图3是实施例1中D4-氟胺酮的13C-NMR谱图。
图4是实施例1中D4-氟胺酮的提取离子色谱图;其中,图4(a)为离子对229.0-167.0单离子色谱图;图4(b)为离子对229.0-195.0单离子色谱图。
图5是实施例2中毛发氟胺酮样品的检测色谱图;其中,图5(a)为实施例2中目标物定量离子色谱图,图5(b)为实施例2中目标物定性离子验证图,图5(c)为实施例2中目标物三离子质谱图。
图6是实施例2中毛发氟胺酮的标准曲线。
图7是实施例3中污水氟胺酮样品的检测色谱图;其中,图7(a)为实施例3中目标物定量离子色谱图,图7(b)为实施例3中目标物定性离子验证图,图7(c)为实施例3中目标物三离子质谱图。
图8是实施例3中污水氟胺酮的标准曲线。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示,进一步阐述本发明。
本发明的描述中,“生物检材”是指人体组织样品。例如,毛发、血液、尿液等。
本发明的描述中,“基质效应”是指检材中除了被测物氟胺酮之外的物质对分析过程和检测结果的影响和干扰。
下面结合具体的实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
D4-氟胺酮的制备方法
D4-N-苄基去甲氟胺酮(CAS.No.:65538-33-2)(140mg,0.5mmol)和碳酸铯(1mmol)溶解于DMF(10mL),逐滴加入碘甲烷(0.6mmol),加热至50℃并加热2小时。冷却后旋转蒸发除去溶剂,加入5mL二氯甲烷溶解后,加入5%mmol的Pd/C(10%),在1atm氘气下还原加热至回流5小时,之后降温至0℃,逐滴加入水。硅藻土过滤除去不溶物,用10mL二氯甲烷洗涤硅藻土,合并有机相,用5%氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤后用无水硫酸镁干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,旋转蒸发除去溶剂。硅胶柱层析纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:1)得到D4-氟胺酮,无色液体(50mg,45%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,Methanol-d4)δ3.30(ddt,J=4.4,3.0,1.3Hz,1H),2.56–2.49(m,2H),2.40(s,3H),2.12(dddd,J=14.8,5.5,3.6,2.0Hz,1H),1.94(tt,J=13.6,12.2,3.6Hz,2H),1.82–1.65(m,2H).13C NMR(151MHz,Methanol-d4)δ205.25,162.03,160.38,130.14,129.87,129.71,117.63,117.56,69.39,38.42,38.41,34.23,28.47,26.38,21.33.HR-MS(ESI/TOF)m/z:Calcd.for C13H13D4FNO[M+H]+226.1545;Found:226.1533。谱图见附图1-3。
实施例2
以D4-氟胺酮为内标检测毛发中氟胺酮的含量。
(1)液相色谱-质谱检测条件:
a)仪器型号:Agilent 1290-6470QQQ;
b)色谱柱:Poroshell120 PFP 3.0x100mm 1.9um;
c)柱温:50℃;
d)流动相:A:乙腈(0.01%甲酸),B:水(0.01%甲酸,5%甲酸铵),梯度:1min 80%A,4min 95%A,10min 95%A;
e)流速:0.5mL/min;
f)进样量:5μL;
g)离子源:电喷雾离子源,正模式(ESI+);
h)喷雾电压3500V;
i)离子源温度:340℃;
j)碰撞气:氮气。
离子对及相应条件如表1所示:
表1
(2)样品的前处理及检测
将毛发样本经超纯水、洗洁精水、丙酮清洗,晾干后剪碎,称量20.0mg,加入1mL甲醇(含1ng/ml D4-氟胺酮),经研磨后,在冷冻超声仪中超声30min,4000r离心5min,取上清800μL,过0.22μL的滤膜后,5μL进LC-MS/MS分析,得到如附图4-5所示的图谱。其中定量离子对为191.0/222.0,氟胺酮和内标物D4-氟胺酮的峰面积比为49464023/15264825。
(3)标准曲线绘制
将空白阴性毛发样本经超纯水、洗洁精水、丙酮清洗,晾干后剪碎,每一份称量20.0mg,加入1mL甲醇(含1ng/ml D4-氟胺酮),添加氟胺酮标准对照品,配制成浓度为0.005、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0、2.0、10.0ng/mg的毛发添加样本,每个浓度平行制备3份,涡旋3min,室温下静置浸泡30min,按样品前处理过程处理后,进LC-MS/MS检测,对氟胺酮与D4-氟胺酮的峰面积比和浓度做标准曲线,得到如附图6所示的图谱。
标准曲线公式为y=19.622294*x-1.268867,其中,X是待测样品浓度,Y是液相色谱-质谱检测所得的峰面积,b0=-1.268867是标准曲线的截距,b1=19.622294是标准曲线的斜率。
根据标准曲线中峰面积比和浓度的定量关系,以及计算公式:
计算出待测样品中氟胺酮的含量为0.23ng/mg。
实施例3
以D4-氟胺酮为内标检测污水中氟胺酮的含量。
(1)液相色谱-质谱检测条件
与实施例1相同。
(2)样品的前处理及检测
将污水样本经滤纸过滤,取100mL,加入2mL甲醇(含10ng/ml D4-氟胺酮),每一份50mL以5mL/min的速度过SPE柱上样,上样完成后先用甲醇5mL淋洗,最后用5%的氨水-乙腈溶液5mL洗脱,洗脱液在60℃水浴空气流下挥干,用80μL甲醇复溶,过0.22μL的滤膜后,15μL进LC-MS/MS分析,得到如附图7、8所示的图谱。其中定量离子对为191.0/222.0,氟胺酮和内标物D4-氟胺酮的峰面积比为32956/46578269。
(3)标准曲线绘制
在阴性污水样品50mL中加入1mL甲醇(含100ng/ml D4-氟胺酮),添加氟胺酮标准对照品,配制成浓度为0.5、1、2、5、20、100、200ng/L的污水添加样本每个浓度平行制备2份,按样品前处理过程处理后,进LC-MS/MS检测,对氟胺酮与D4-氟胺酮的峰面积比和浓度做标准曲线,得到如附图8所示的图谱。
标准曲线公式为y=1.543627*10-4*x+6.215605*10-4,其中,X是待测样品浓度,Y是液相色谱-质谱检测所得的峰面积,b0=6.215605*10-4是标准曲线的截距,b1=1.543627*10-4是标准曲线的斜率。根据标准曲线中峰面积比和浓度的定量关系,以及计算公式:
计算出待测样品中氟胺酮的含量为2ng/L。
本发明提供的同位素化合物在检测检材中精神活性物质及麻醉品氟胺酮的含量时,通过在检材中加入适量该同位素化合物,例如D4-氟胺酮,根据检测要求进行适当的预处理之后进行液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)检测,以同位素化合物为内标,在多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式下,通过对比目标物质和待测物质峰面积的比例,实现待测物质的定性、定量检测,且氟胺酮检测专一性强、灵敏度高。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本领域技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都属于本发明要求保护的范畴。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (10)
3.权利要求1或2所述的同位素化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将N-苄基去甲氟胺酮与氘代碘甲烷添加入反应容器进行反应;
(2)步骤(1)得到的反应产物在氘气条件下发生还原反应,得到权利要求1或2所述的化合物。
4.权利要求1或2所述的同位素化合物在检测生物检材或污水中氟胺酮的含量中的用途。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的检测包括如下步骤:
(1)设定液相色谱-质谱检测条件;
(2)标准曲线的绘制:在与待测样品所对应的阴性检材中,加入不同比例的氟胺酮与内标物标准溶液,得到混合标准溶液,经过与待测样品相同的前处理步骤后,进LC-MS/MS检测,对氟胺酮与所述内标物的峰面积比和浓度做标准曲线;其中,所述内标物是权利要求1或2所述的同位素化合物;
(3)待测样品的前处理及测定:待测样品加入所述内标物作为内标,经过与标准曲线绘制时所使用的相同前处理步骤后,进LC-MS/MS检测,得到待测样品和内标物的定量参数,用内标法标准曲线的公式计算即可得待测样品的含量。
6.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的LC-MS/MS检测的流动相为:A:含0.01%的甲酸乙腈,B:含0.01%甲酸、5%甲酸铵的水溶液,梯度:1min 80%A、4min95%A、10min 95%A;色谱柱:Poroshell120 PFP 3.0x100mm 1.9μm;柱温:50℃;流速:0.5mL/min;进样量:5μL;离子源:电喷雾离子源,正模式ESI+;喷雾电压3500V;离子源温度:340℃;碰撞气:氮气。
7.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述混合标准溶液中所述内标物的质量浓度为0.1%-99.9%。
8.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述待测样品中内标物的质量浓度为0.1%-99.9%。
10.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,所述生物检材或所述污水中氟胺酮的含量为10-7%-10%。
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