CN113693076A - Special soil disinfectant for medlar planting, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Special soil disinfectant for medlar planting, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
- A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
- A01M17/002—Injection of toxic gases or fluids into the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/12—Iodine, e.g. iodophors; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/14—Insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medlar planting, and particularly discloses a medlar planting special soil disinfectant, which comprises a disinfectant liquid and a disinfectant powder, wherein the mass ratio of the disinfectant liquid to the disinfectant powder is (2-8): 1; the disinfectant liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of metam, 20-40 parts of refined wood vinegar, 15-20 parts of tea tree oil and 8-12 parts of sterilization synergist; the disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of carbendazim and 30-60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, adopts low-toxicity metam and carbendazim as main sterilization components, and the compounding of the metam and the carbendazim can obviously improve the drug effect and reduce the risk of drug resistance generation; the synergistic effect of metam and carbendazim can expand the bactericidal spectrum of pesticide, and can prevent and treat various diseases by once application, thereby greatly reducing the cost of labor and medicament.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medlar planting, and particularly belongs to a soil disinfectant special for medlar planting, a preparation method and application.
Background
The medlar is a perennial shrub economic crop with drought resistance, barren resistance and saline-alkali resistance. The economic age reaches 15 years. The medlar has strong adaptability, and can be cultivated in regions with average annual temperature of 5-20 ℃. Medlar likes sunlight and requires strong illumination. The soil is not strictly required, and the soil, sandy soil or saline-alkali soil with poor ridge can be planted.
The soil is a main medium for spreading the diseases and insect pests and is also a main place for breeding the diseases and insect pests, and a plurality of germs, insect eggs and pests all live or live through the winter in the soil. The high-density cultivation of facility agriculture, planting a kind of matrimony vine in the land in successive years promotes the reproduction and accumulation of soil-borne disease pathogenic bacteria, if not in time control, can reduce output and quality of matrimony vine product, in serious cases the output is reduced even the dead. The soil-borne diseases are serious, the direct economic loss can reach 40-60%, and the land blocks with particularly serious diseases even reach more than 80%. The pathogenic bacteria of soil-borne diseases are generally multi-host microorganisms, can infect several to hundreds of crops and weeds, have strong vitality and infectivity, and are considered as one of the most difficult diseases to control by the plant community.
Soil disinfection is an important measure for controlling soil-borne diseases and killing soil pests. At present, soil is mainly treated by adopting a chemical disinfectant for disinfecting soil, but the chemical disinfectant often has pungent smell and is difficult to be naturally decomposed, so that the chemical disinfectant threatens personnel and the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil disinfectant special for medlar planting, overcomes the defects of the prior art, enhances the disinfection and sterilization capability, adopts green and environment-friendly components with less influence on personnel and environment, and can improve the nutrient content of soil and the physicochemical property of the soil.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a soil disinfectant special for Chinese wolfberry planting comprises a disinfectant aqueous solution and a disinfectant powder, wherein the mass ratio of the disinfectant aqueous solution to the disinfectant powder is (2-8): 1;
the disinfectant liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of metam, 20-40 parts of refined wood vinegar, 15-20 parts of tea tree oil and 8-12 parts of sterilization synergist;
the disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of carbendazim and 30-60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Further, the disinfectant liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of metam, 30 parts of refined wood vinegar, 17.5 parts of tea tree oil and 10 parts of bactericidal synergist;
the disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of carbendazim and 45 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Further, the sterilization synergist comprises 3-6 parts of water-soluble povidone iodine, 0.6-0.8 part of silica gel particles, 0.2-0.5 part of phosphate coupling agent and 5-8 parts of ethanol.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises 20-30 parts of Chinese gall, 6-10 parts of hawthorn, 15-35 parts of aquilaria sinensis leaf, 10-18 parts of meadowsweet, 12-20 parts of mustard seed, 1-5 parts of golden cypress and 5-9 parts of weeping forsythia leaf.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special medlar planting soil disinfectant, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a virus killing synergist: weighing water-soluble povidone iodine, silica gel particles, phosphate coupling agent and ethanol according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing distilled water with the same volume of ethanol and ethanol, adding the water-soluble povidone iodine, the silica gel particles and the phosphate coupling agent into an ethanol water solution, introducing nitrogen at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, and then extracting the obtained product in a Soxhlet extractor for 10 hours to obtain the product;
(2) preparing a disinfection water agent: weighing metam, refined wood vinegar, tea tree oil and a bactericidal synergist according to the weight parts, mixing uniformly under stirring, and then carrying out vacuum filling to obtain the bactericide composition;
(3) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine extract: weighing gallnut, hawthorn, aquilaria sinensis leaf, meadowfoam, leaf of Chinese kale, phellodendron and weeping forsythia respectively according to the weight parts, and naturally drying the gallnut, the hawthorn, the aquilaria sinensis leaf, the meadowfoam, the phellodendron and the weeping forsythia leaf respectively until the water content is reduced to 30-50%; mixing, transferring to an ultramicro crusher, pulverizing to 120 mesh, leaching, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, sieving, and sterilizing by ultraviolet irradiation for 5 s;
(4) preparing disinfection powder: respectively weighing carbendazim and the traditional Chinese medicine extracting agent according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Further, the leaching concentration in the step (3) comprises the following specific steps: adding petroleum ether with the volume multiple of 3, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, filtering while the extract is hot, performing reflux on the petroleum ether under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, adding 80% ethanol with the volume multiple of 8 and the mass percent of the extract, performing hot melting, performing reflux decoloring on 2.5% activated carbon with the mass percent of the extract for 1 hour, and performing concentration by 10 times.
Further, the vacuum freeze drying condition in the step (3) is-47 to-53 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 12 to 15 Pa.
The invention finally protects the application of the special soil disinfectant for medlar planting as the soil disinfectant to carry out sterilization treatment on the soil before medlar planting.
Further, the application comprises the steps of:
before application, soil is ploughed loose and leveled, and the soil is kept moist;
diluting the disinfectant solution by 50 times with water, uniformly spraying the diluted disinfectant solution on the surface of a seedbed, allowing the solution to penetrate 4 cm of soil layer, covering with a mulching film for 10-15 days, removing the mulching film, harrowing the soil, and standing for 5-7 days;
after cutting planting of the medlar, adding 100Kg of clear water according to the dosage of the disinfection powder, slightly stirring until the disinfection powder is completely dissolved, standing for 15min, and diluting by 20 times for root irrigation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. according to the invention, low-toxicity metam and carbendazim are adopted as main sterilization components, and the combination of the metam and the carbendazim can obviously improve the drug effect and reduce the risk of drug resistance; the synergistic effect of metam and carbendazim can expand the bactericidal spectrum of pesticide, and can prevent and treat various diseases by once application, thereby greatly reducing the cost of labor and medicament.
2. The sterilization synergist and the traditional Chinese medicine extract are adopted to enhance the sterilization effect of the disinfectant, so that the disinfectant is pollution-free, odorless, free of side effect on a human body, free of influence on water source safety and more environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and any modification is within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention relates to a preparation method of a special soil disinfectant for medlar planting, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a virus killing synergist: weighing 3 parts of water-soluble povidone iodine, 0.6 part of silica gel particles, 0.2 part of phosphate coupling agent and 5 parts of ethanol according to the parts by weight, uniformly mixing distilled water with the same volume of ethanol and ethanol, then adding the water-soluble povidone iodine, the silica gel particles and the phosphate coupling agent into an ethanol water solution, introducing nitrogen at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, and then extracting the obtained product in a Soxhlet extractor for 10 hours to obtain the product;
(2) preparing a disinfection water agent: weighing 100 parts of metam, 20 parts of refined wood vinegar, 15 parts of tea tree oil and 8 parts of bactericidal synergist according to the parts by weight, uniformly mixing under the condition of stirring, and then carrying out vacuum filling to obtain the compound bactericide;
(3) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine extract: weighing 20 parts of gallnut, 6 parts of hawthorn, 15 parts of aquilaria sinensis leaf, 10 parts of meadow bluestem, 12 parts of leaf mustard, 1 part of golden cypress and 5 parts of weeping forsythia leaf according to the weight parts, and naturally drying the gallnut, the hawthorn, the leaf senna, the leaf mustard and the 1 part of golden cypress until the water content is reduced to 30-50%; mixing, transferring to an ultrafine crusher, crushing to 120 meshes, adding petroleum ether with the volume multiple of 3, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, filtering while hot, performing reflux extraction on the petroleum ether under reduced pressure for 1 hour each time, performing hot melting on the extract by adding 80% ethanol with the volume multiple of 8 and the mass percentage, performing reflux decolorization on the extract for 1 hour by adding 2.5% activated carbon with the mass percentage, performing 10-time concentration, performing vacuum freeze drying under the conditions of-47 to-53 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 12-15 Pa, and performing ultraviolet irradiation for 5 seconds for disinfection after sieving to obtain the product;
(4) preparing disinfection powder: weighing 40 parts of carbendazim and 3 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extractant according to parts by weight respectively, uniformly mixing, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the bactericide.
(5) When in use, the disinfectant liquid and the disinfectant powder are 2: the mass ratio of 1 was used separately.
Example 2
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the sterilization synergist comprises 6 parts of water-soluble povidone iodine, 0.8 part of silica gel particles, 0.5 part of phosphate coupling agent and 8 parts of ethanol.
Example 3
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the disinfectant comprises 100 parts of metham, 30 parts of refined wood vinegar, 17.5 parts of tea tree oil and 10 parts of bactericidal synergist.
Example 4
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the disinfectant comprises 100 parts of metham, 40 parts of refined wood vinegar, 20 parts of tea tree oil and 12 parts of sterilization synergist.
Example 5
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises, by weight, 25 parts of gallnut, 8 parts of hawthorn, 25 parts of aquilaria sinensis leaf, 14 parts of meadowfoam chrysanthemum, 16 parts of mustard seed, 3 parts of golden cypress and 7 parts of weeping forsythia leaf.
Example 6
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises, by weight, 30 parts of gallnut, 10 parts of hawthorn, 35 parts of aquilaria sinensis leaf, 18 parts of meadowfoam chrysanthemum, 20 parts of mustard seed, 5 parts of golden cypress and 9 parts of weeping forsythia leaf.
Example 7
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the raw materials of the disinfection powder comprise 55 parts of carbendazim and 45 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 8
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the raw materials of the disinfection powder comprise 70 parts of carbendazim and 60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Example 9
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the disinfectant liquid to the disinfectant powder is 5: 1.
example 10
The preparation method disclosed in this example is substantially the same as the preparation method of example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the disinfectant liquid to the disinfectant powder is 8: 1.
inspection method
The soil disinfectants prepared according to the preparation methods of the embodiments 1 to 10 are respectively used for treating the medlar planting soil, and the specific treatment method comprises the following steps:
before application, soil is ploughed loose and leveled, and the soil is kept moist; diluting the disinfectant solution by 50 times with water, uniformly spraying the diluted disinfectant solution on the surface of a seedbed, allowing the solution to penetrate 4 cm of soil layer, covering with a mulching film for 10-15 days, removing the mulching film, harrowing the soil, and standing for 5-7 days; after cutting planting of the medlar, adding 100Kg of clear water according to the dosage of the disinfection powder, slightly stirring until the disinfection powder is completely dissolved, standing for 15min, and diluting by 20 times for root irrigation.
In addition, a group of non-sterilized planting soil is used as a control group, the medlar is planted together with the experimental group, and the rest operations are the same; the detection results are shown in table 1:
according to the results in the table 1, the soil disinfectant prepared by the invention has good soil disinfection and sterilization effects, can effectively protect medlar plants, reduces the morbidity of medlar plants, improves the yield and the quality of medlar, has low soil residue, does not affect the environment and personnel, and meets the requirements of economy and environmental protection.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present inventive concept and various modifications, additions and substitutions of similar embodiments may be made to the specific embodiments described by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept or exceeding the scope of the claims as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. The special soil disinfectant for medlar planting is characterized in that: the disinfectant comprises a disinfectant aqueous solution and disinfectant powder, wherein the mass ratio of the disinfectant aqueous solution to the disinfectant powder is (2-8): 1;
the disinfectant liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of metam, 20-40 parts of refined wood vinegar, 15-20 parts of tea tree oil and 8-12 parts of sterilization synergist;
the disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-70 parts of carbendazim and 30-60 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
2. The soil disinfectant special for medlar planting according to claim 1, wherein the soil disinfectant comprises the following components:
the disinfectant liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of metam, 30 parts of refined wood vinegar, 17.5 parts of tea tree oil and 10 parts of bactericidal synergist;
the disinfection powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of carbendazim and 45 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract.
3. The soil disinfectant special for medlar planting according to claim 1, wherein the soil disinfectant comprises the following components: the sterilization synergist comprises 3-6 parts of water-soluble povidone iodine, 0.6-0.8 part of silica gel particles, 0.2-0.5 part of phosphate coupling agent and 5-8 parts of ethanol.
4. The soil disinfectant special for medlar planting according to claim 1, wherein the soil disinfectant comprises the following components: the traditional Chinese medicine extract comprises 20-30 parts of Chinese gall, 6-10 parts of hawthorn, 15-35 parts of aquilaria sinensis leaf, 10-18 parts of Luffa procumbens, 12-20 parts of mustard seed, 1-5 parts of phellodendron and 5-9 parts of weeping forsythia leaf.
5. The method for preparing the soil disinfectant special for medlar planting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soil disinfectant comprises the following components: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a virus killing synergist: weighing water-soluble povidone iodine, silica gel particles, phosphate coupling agent and ethanol according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing distilled water with the same volume of ethanol and ethanol, adding the water-soluble povidone iodine, the silica gel particles and the phosphate coupling agent into an ethanol water solution, introducing nitrogen at the temperature of 60-65 ℃, and then extracting the obtained product in a Soxhlet extractor for 10 hours to obtain the product;
(2) preparing a disinfection water agent: weighing metam, refined wood vinegar, tea tree oil and a bactericidal synergist according to the weight parts, mixing uniformly under stirring, and then carrying out vacuum filling to obtain the bactericide composition;
(3) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine extract: weighing gallnut, hawthorn, aquilaria sinensis leaf, meadowfoam, leaf of Chinese kale, phellodendron and weeping forsythia respectively according to the weight parts, and naturally drying the gallnut, the hawthorn, the aquilaria sinensis leaf, the meadowfoam, the phellodendron and the weeping forsythia leaf respectively until the water content is reduced to 30-50%; mixing, transferring to an ultramicro crusher, pulverizing to 120 mesh, leaching, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, sieving, and sterilizing by ultraviolet irradiation for 5 s;
(4) preparing disinfection powder: respectively weighing carbendazim and the traditional Chinese medicine extracting agent according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing, and carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
6. The preparation method of the special soil disinfectant for medlar planting according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the leaching concentration in the step (3) comprises the following specific steps: adding petroleum ether with the volume multiple of 3, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, each time for 1 hour, filtering while the extract is hot, performing reflux on the petroleum ether under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, adding 80% ethanol with the volume multiple of 8 and the mass percent of the extract, performing hot melting, performing reflux decoloring on 2.5% activated carbon with the mass percent of the extract for 1 hour, and performing concentration by 10 times.
7. The preparation method of the special soil disinfectant for medlar planting according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vacuum freeze drying condition in the step (3) is-47 to-53 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 12 to 15 Pa.
8. The application of the soil disinfectant special for medlar planting is characterized in that: the application of the soil disinfectant in sterilizing soil before planting the medlar.
9. The application of the special soil disinfectant for medlar planting according to claim 8, wherein the special soil disinfectant comprises the following components: the application comprises the following steps:
before application, soil is ploughed loose and leveled, and the soil is kept moist;
diluting the disinfectant solution by 50 times with water, uniformly spraying the diluted disinfectant solution on the surface of a seedbed, allowing the solution to penetrate 4 cm of soil layer, covering with a mulching film for 10-15 days, removing the mulching film, harrowing the soil, and standing for 5-7 days;
after cutting planting of the medlar, adding 100Kg of clear water according to the dosage of the disinfection powder, slightly stirring until the disinfection powder is completely dissolved, standing for 15min, and diluting by 20 times for root irrigation.
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Application publication date: 20211126 |