CN113692833B - Water pump irrigation system and method - Google Patents
Water pump irrigation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113692833B CN113692833B CN202110975489.4A CN202110975489A CN113692833B CN 113692833 B CN113692833 B CN 113692833B CN 202110975489 A CN202110975489 A CN 202110975489A CN 113692833 B CN113692833 B CN 113692833B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
- B01D36/045—Combination of filters with centrifugal separation devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water pump irrigation system and a method, comprising an irrigation device, a water pump and a water pump, wherein the irrigation device comprises a multistage filtering device, a novel Venturi fertilizer applicator and an integrated pressure compensation type water dropper; and the control device comprises a combined high-precision sensor which is used for acquiring field data in real time and uploading the field data to an upper computer end. According to the intelligent irrigation device, the field environment data are fed back in real time through a plurality of groups of high-precision combined sensors, and then data processing is carried out through the interior of the control center, so that the intelligent irrigation device is controlled to be opened and closed; meanwhile, the invention adds an innovative processing method in the analytic hierarchy process to obtain a more accurate proportion value of the environmental data influence proportion, so that the control system can control the irrigation device more accurately and reasonably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and agricultural machinery, in particular to a water pump irrigation system and a water pump irrigation method.
Background
In recent years, along with the continuous increase of population, the continuous improvement of economic development and urbanization level, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is increasingly sharp, the agricultural irrigation water consumption of China is large, the water irrigation efficiency of farmland is low, the automation level is low, meanwhile, the unreasonable use and low utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production cause the unbalance of the proportion of soil nutrients, the insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the deterioration of the soil structure and the soil microbial system.
The future development trend of the water irrigation technology is automation, precision and intellectualization, and by 2020, the high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area of China reaches 2.88 hundred million mu and is in the top of the world, but the water-saving irrigation technology of China still has the following three defects: 1. the automation degree is not high, namely the existing drip irrigation products mainly comprise drip irrigation pipes, drip irrigation belts, sand filters and the like, and the irrigation automation products are few, but have the problems of high cost, difficult field power supply and the like; 2. signal transmission is difficult, namely, mobile phone signals in a field area are not covered completely, and long-stalked crops interfere signal transmission; 3. the intelligent degree is not enough, namely the current water-saving drip irrigation operation still depends on expert experience, and the automatic perception of the environment and the intelligent control of a drip irrigation system are lacked.
Aiming at the problems of low irrigation automation level and unsmooth drip irrigation technology in China at present, a set of high-end automatic drip irrigation equipment based on WIFI wireless transmission, STM32 single-chip microcomputer control technology and innovation is designed on the basis of the prior art by taking the realization of the drip irrigation automation technology and the optimization improvement of a drip irrigation system as breakthrough points. The innovative drip irrigation equipment adopted by the drip irrigation equipment effectively avoids the waste of water and fertilizer resources and meets the design requirement of water-saving irrigation.
A multi-stage filtering device combining a rotational flow water sand filter and a lamination filter is adopted in a junction at the head part of the drip irrigation system, fertilizer solution is uniformly sucked into a pipeline system from a fertilizer barrel by a Venturi fertilizer applicator to be fertilized, high-efficiency water and fertilizer integration is realized, meanwhile, the problem of blockage of a dripper can be relieved by an integrated pressure compensation type dripper, the whole set of device is stable and efficient, the design requirement of automatic water-saving irrigation is met, and the device has quite high innovation.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.
Therefore, the technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the irrigation automation level is low, and the drip irrigation technology is not uniform.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: comprises an irrigation device, wherein the irrigation device comprises a multi-stage filtering device, a novel Venturi fertilizer applicator and an integrated pressure compensation type dripper; and the control device comprises a combined high-precision sensor which is used for acquiring field data in real time and uploading the field data to an upper computer end.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the multistage filtering device is used for removing most impurities in water and fertilizer, and the possibility of blockage of a dripper is reduced from the source; the novel Venturi fertilizer applicator is used for efficiently and uniformly pouring waste materials, so that the integration of high-efficiency water and fertilizer is realized; the integrated pressure compensation type water dropper is used for efficiently and uniformly irrigating the drip irrigation water dropper.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the control device also comprises a method for carrying out innovative starting and stopping of the irrigation equipment based on an analytic hierarchy process.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the multistage filtering device comprises a rotational flow water sand filter and a laminated filter; the rotational flow water sand filter comprises a water inlet and vortex chamber separation chamber, a water outlet, a sewage storage chamber and a sewage outlet.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the rotational flow water sand filter is used together with the laminated filter, liquid manure enters from a water inlet of the laminated filter, and a filter core frame piston compresses laminated sheets; when water flow enters the rotational flow water sand filter and contacts with the plastic tangential direction of a centrifugal disc, the generated centrifugal effect throws water carrying large-particle impurities onto the inner wall of the rotational flow water sand filter and concentrates on the top of the rotational flow water sand filter, and the water carrying less impurities contacts the laminated filter again, so that the required cleaning frequency of the laminated filter is reduced.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the process water source after whirl water sand filter prefilter flows novel venturi fertilizer applicator, novel venturi fertilizer applicator installs in the middle of whirl water sand filter and lamination formula filter, with the parallelly connected installation of delivery pipe control flap, will during the use control flap closes for a short time, causes there is certain pressure differential around the control flap, makes the water flow utilize the installation novel venturi fertilizer applicator's branch pipe passes through the vacuum suction that venturi produced with the rivers, evenly inhales the pipeline from open fertilizer bucket with fertilizer solution and fertilizes.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the water flow enters the fixed labyrinth flow passage from the water inlet and enters the variable labyrinth flow passage after the first energy dissipation; according to the principle of conservation of hydraulic energy, the flow velocity of water flow after energy dissipation is reduced, the pressure intensity of the water flow is reduced, so that a pressure difference is formed between the water flow and capillary water flow on one side of the elastic sheet, the elastic sheet deforms under the action of the pressure difference, and the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage is changed; when water flows through the variable labyrinth flow passage, the water flow finally reaches a stable state under the coupling action of the deformation of the elastic body and the fluid pressure, when the pressure of the capillary water flow is lower, the flow velocity of the water flow in the labyrinth flow passage is lower, the deformation of the elastic body is lower, the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage is larger, and on the contrary, the water passing section is smaller; according to Q = D V, the flow of the water outlet of the dripper can achieve the compensation effect that the flow is kept unchanged or the variation is small, wherein Q is the flow, D is the water passing section, and V is the water flow velocity.
As a preferable aspect of the water pump irrigation system of the present invention, wherein: the control device also comprises a detection device, a central controller, a communication module and a cloud server; when the irrigation device starts to work, the combined high-precision sensor, the detection device, the central controller, the communication module and the cloud server are started to work at the same time, and the soil condition is monitored in real time.
As a preferable mode of the water pump irrigation method of the present invention, wherein: based on an analytic hierarchy process, taking crop benefits as a target layer, and establishing a mathematical model; determining the weight distribution relation among soil humidity, temperature, pH value and conductivity of soil suspension; and comparing all factors of the layers by the decision maker alignment to determine the weight of the scheme layer.
As a preferable mode of the water pump irrigation method of the present invention, wherein: when the analytic hierarchy process is utilized, an ideal comparison matrix needs to be constructed, wherein the ideal comparison matrix is proved to have only one non-zero characteristic value, namely the maximum characteristic value; solving the eigenvector of the maximum eigenvalue, wherein each element of the eigenvector is just the weight value of each influence factor; and judging the influence degree of each influence factor according to the weight value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the drip irrigation device is combined with the control system, and the control system is used for controlling the on-off of the drip irrigation system, so that the high automation degree is realized; on the other hand, a set of electric control design system with high intelligent degree for reasonably starting and stopping the irrigation system is designed, namely, the intelligent control of the starting and stopping of the irrigation device is realized by carrying out data processing through the inside of a control center according to the real-time feedback of a plurality of groups of high-precision combined sensors on the field environment data; meanwhile, the invention adds an innovative processing method in the analytic hierarchy process to obtain a more accurate ratio value of the environmental data influence ratio, so that the control system can control the irrigation device more accurately and reasonably.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a chromatographic analysis of a pump irrigation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a rotational flow water sand filter of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the novel Venturi fertilizer applicator of the water pump irrigation system according to the second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a water purifying process of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a blowdown process of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal two-dimensional structure of a labyrinth-type channel dripper of a water pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a sensor in a control device of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the communication operation of the control device of the pump irrigation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a real-time monitoring simulation of a control device of a pump irrigation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and that the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially in general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms first, second, or third are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected" and "connected" in the present invention are to be construed broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; they may be mechanically, electrically, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a water pump irrigation method, which specifically includes:
s1: based on an analytic hierarchy process, the crop benefits are used as a target layer, and a mathematical model is established.
S2: and determining the weight distribution relation among soil humidity, temperature, pH value and conductivity of the soil suspension.
S3: and comparing all factors of the layers by the alignment of the decision maker to determine the weight of the scheme layer.
When using an analytic hierarchy process, an ideal comparison matrix needs to be constructed, including:
proving that the ideal comparison matrix only has one non-zero eigenvalue, namely the maximum eigenvalue;
solving the eigenvector of the maximum eigenvalue, wherein each element of the eigenvector is just the weight value of each influence factor;
and judging the influence degree of each influence factor according to the weight value.
The theoretical process of approximate calculation of the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector is as follows:
calculating the element product M of each row of the judgment matrix A i ：
Wherein i and j are rows and columns of a matrix, and n is an infinite unknown number;
calculating M i Root of cubic (n times)
If it is
Normalized to W i ，
Then W is i The calculated feature vector is obtained;
calculating the maximum eigenvalue lambda max
Wherein AW i Represents the ith component of the vector AW;
define the consistency index as CI:
to measure the magnitude of CI, a random consistency index RI is introduced:
considering that the deviation of consistency may be caused by random reasons, when checking whether the matrix has satisfactory consistency, CI is compared with the random consistency index RI to obtain a check coefficient CR, where the formula is as follows:
the analytic hierarchy process is as follows:
attached paired comparison judgment matrix assigned value table
Table 1: and a pair comparison judgment matrix assignment table.
The value rule, the analytic hierarchy process adopts 1-9 scale method (as shown in table 1), and the quantitative scale is given by the scale ratio of different conditions.
Constructing all judgment matrixes in each level and solving the approximate solution of the maximum eigenvector (namely level single ordering), wherein the middle layer O 1 -O 3 Each factor forms a comparison judgment matrix A for the sub-target layer U.
Wherein, a ij Are scale values.
Making an analysis of the criterion layer to the sub-target layer, thereby giving a in the pairwise comparison decision matrix A ij Scale value of (c):
table 2: a scaled numerical table based on crop benefit U.
| U | O 1 | O 2 | O 3 | Hierarchical |
| O | ||||
| 1 | 1 | 1/3 | 1/5 | 0.101 |
| O 2 | 3 | 1 | 1/4 | 0.225 |
| O 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0.674 |
Wherein, O 1 Is the area of the blade, O 2 Is the color of the leaf, O 3 Is the weight of the fruit.
Then a decision matrix can be obtained:
judging the 3-degree root of the respective product of three rows of elements of the matrix A
Obtain the hierarchical single arrangement W i :
W 1 ＝0.40548013304/(0.40548013304+0.90856029642+2.71441761659)＝0.101
W 2 ＝0.90856029642/(0.40548013304+0.90856029642+2.71441761659)＝0.225
W 3 ＝2.71441761659/(0.40548013304+0.90856029642+2.71441761659)＝0.674
The judgment matrix is obtained by an analytic hierarchy process and accords with consistency test, namely the ideal matrix is proved to have only one maximum characteristic value.
Similarly, a criterion-level-to-scheme-level decision matrix O may be made 1 To M 1-4 ，O 2 To M is aligned with 1-4 ，O 3 To M is aligned with 1-4 The ideal matrix is proved to have only one maximum eigenvalue and approximate solution (hierarchical single arrangement) of the maximum eigenvector is solved, and consistency check is carried out; if CR is<0.1, the consistency test requirement is met, the obtained feature vectors are in single-level sequencing, then total-level sequencing is carried out, and each judgment matrix and the calculation result are as follows:
table 3: based on the blade area O 1 The importance ranking table.
| O 1 | M 1 | M 2 | M 3 | M 4 | Hierarchical |
| M | |||||
| 1 | 1 | 1/6 | 1/5 | 1/2 | 0.0706 |
| M 2 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0.5175 |
| M 3 | 5 | 1/2 | 1 | 4 | 0.3496 |
| |
1/4 | 1/5 | 1/5 | 1 | 0.0623 |
Wherein M1 is soil pH, M2 is soil humidity, M3 is soil temperature, and M4 is conductivity of soil suspension.
Table 4: based on leaf color O 2 The importance ranking table.
| O 2 | M 1 | M 2 | M 3 | M 4 | Hierarchical |
| M | |||||
| 1 | 1 | 1/5 | 1/4 | 1/2 | 0.0796 |
| M 2 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0.4966 |
| |
4 | 1/2 | 1 | 5 | 0.3428 |
| |
1/5 | 1/5 | 1/3 | 1 | 0.0810 |
Wherein M1 is soil pH, M2 is soil humidity, M3 is soil temperature, and M4 is conductivity of soil suspension.
Table 5: based on the weight of the fruit O 3 The importance ranking table.
| O 3 | M 1 | M 2 | M 3 | M 4 | Hierarchical |
| M | |||||
| 1 | 1 | 1/5 | 1/6 | 1/3 | 0.0683 |
| M 2 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0.4969 |
| M 3 | 5 | 1/2 | 1 | 2 | 0.3013 |
| M 4 | 3 | 1/5 | 1/4 | 1 | 0.1335 |
Wherein M1 is soil pH, M2 is soil humidity, M3 is soil temperature, and M4 is conductivity of soil suspension.
The three decision matrices A1-3 obtained are as follows:
4-degree square root of respective product of four rows of elements of judgment matrix A1
Obtain the hierarchical single arrangement W i :
W 1 ＝0.35930411196/(0.35930411196+2.6321480259+1.77827941004+0.31622776602)
＝0.710
W 2 ＝2.6321480259/(0.35930411196+2.6321480259+1.77827941004+0.31622776602)
＝0.5175
W 3 ＝1.77827941004/(0.35930411196+2.6321480259+1.77827941004+0.31622776602)
＝0.3496
W 4 ＝0.31622776602/(0.35930411196+2.6321480259+1.77827941004+0.31622776602)
＝0.0623
Judging the 4 th square root of the product of four rows of elements of the matrixes A2 and A3
And a hierarchical single arrangement W i 。
CR of the three matrixes obtained by a MATLAB analytic hierarchy process is less than 0.1, which indicates that the three judgment matrixes meet the consistency test.
Thus, the results were obtained.
The following were used:
table 6: scheme hierarchical analysis total sorting table
Through 0 1 、O 2 、0 3 To M 1 To M 5 And performing weight analysis to obtain hierarchical single arrangement, and obtaining the final weight proportion influenced by the four environmental parameters through the series of hierarchical single arrangements.
The specific calculation process is as follows:
total hierarchical ranking (weight ratio) of M1 (pH value):
0.101×0.0706+0.225×0.0796+0.674×0.0683＝0.0711
hierarchical total ordering (weight ratio) of M2 (humidity):
0.101×0.5175+0.225×0.4966+0.674×0.4969＝0.4989
total rank ordering (weight ratio) of M3 (temperature):
0.101×0.3496+0.225×0.3428+0.674×0.3013＝0.3155
hierarchical total ordering (weight ratio) of M4 (conductivity):
0.101×0.0623+0.225×0.0810+0.674×0.1335＝0.1145
the influence ratios of the four types of data on the crop benefits can be obtained according to the results, the process is taken as an example, the influence ratios obtained by the analytic hierarchy process according to the four types of data of the farmland soil in real time are taken as conditions for starting and stopping the water pump, and a minimum threshold and a maximum threshold are obtained by comprehensive calculation.
Table 7: an example table.
Where A, B, C are not specific values, but any combination of values that will bring the threshold to a minimum or maximum limit.
As can be seen from Table 7:
minimum threshold value Z 1 ＝0.0711*A 1 +0.4989*B 1 +0.3155*C 1 +0.1154*D 1
Ceiling threshold value Z 2 ＝0.0711*A 2 +0.4989*B 2 +0.3155*C 2 +0.1154*D 2
For data collected by the sensor, the method is a decision method for reducing the influence of the error of the threshold on opening and closing the irrigation device, three groups of data fed back by the sensor are stored, the average value of the three groups of data is taken as the parameter of the real environment of the field, and finally the accurate real-time threshold is calculated by a threshold calculation formula; and the method of the invention adopts the elimination measure for the processing loss and the abnormal value of the data, namely, the single chip can obtain three groups of field environment data again when the data fed back by the sensor has abnormal jump, and the average value of the data and the threshold value are obtained until the three groups of field environment data are abnormal.
When the single chip microcomputer obtains stable data of three groups of field environment parameters, the average value is taken, a threshold value Z is obtained in the single chip microcomputer through a preset threshold value calculation formula, and if Z is not obtained, the threshold value Z is obtained<Z 1 At the moment, the singlechip controls to start the water pump to irrigate the farmland; when irrigation is carried out to a certain degree, the single chip microcomputer continuously acquires data at the stage and calculates a threshold value by using an analytic hierarchy process, and when the threshold value Z is reached>Z 2 When the water pump is started, the singlechip controls the water pump to be closed.
Threshold value greater than Z 2 Then, the water pump is turned off, and the threshold value is reduced along with the time; at threshold value of Z 1 And Z 2 In the meantime, the water pump is in a closed state until the threshold value is lower than Z 1 The process is then repeated.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 to 7, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that it provides a pump irrigation system, which specifically includes:
the irrigation device 100, the irrigation device 100 comprises a multistage filtering device 101, a novel Venturi fertilizer applicator 102 and an integrated pressure compensation type water dropper 103.
The control device 200, the control device 200 includes a combined high-precision sensor, which is used for collecting field data in real time and uploading the data to an upper computer terminal.
The multi-stage filtration unit 101 is designed to remove most of the water and fertilizer impurities, and to reduce the possibility of clogging of drippers at the source.
The novel Venturi fertilizer applicator 102 is used for efficiently and uniformly pouring waste materials, so that high-efficiency water and fertilizer integration is realized.
The integrated pressure compensation type water dropper 103 is used for efficient and uniform irrigation of the drip irrigation water dropper.
The control device 200 further comprises a method for carrying out an innovative irrigation equipment start-stop based on an analytic hierarchy process.
The multistage filtering apparatus 101 includes a swirling water sand filter 101a and a laminated filter 101b.
The swirling flow water sand filter 101a comprises a water inlet swirling chamber separation chamber, a water outlet 101a-2, a dirt storage chamber and a sewage outlet 101a-4.
The rotational flow water sand filter 101a is used together with the laminated filter 101b, water and fertilizer enter from a water inlet 101b-1 of the laminated filter 101b, and the laminated is compressed by a filter core frame piston.
When rivers get into the plastics tangential direction contact of whirl water sand filter 101a with the centrifugal disk, the centrifugal effect of production is got rid of the water that carries large granule impurity on the inner wall of whirl water sand filter 101a to concentrate on whirl water sand filter 101a top, the water that carries less impurity contacts lamination formula filter 101b again, reduces the required cleaning frequency of lamination, has reached water conservation and the simpler effect of equipment maintenance.
The water source after whirl water sand filter 101 prefiltration flows through novel venturi fertilizer applicator 102, novel venturi fertilizer applicator 102 is installed in the middle of whirl water sand filter (101 a) and lamination formula filter (101 b), install with supplying water pipe control valve M parallelly connected, close control valve M during the use, there is certain pressure differential around causing control valve M, make rivers utilize the branch pipe of installing novel venturi fertilizer applicator 102, vacuum suction that produces through venturi with the rivers, fertilize fertilizer solution from even suction line in the open fertilizer bucket and fertilize.
The water flow enters the fixed labyrinth flow passage H from the water inlet 101b-1, and enters the variable labyrinth flow passage S after the first energy dissipation.
According to the principle of conservation of hydraulic energy, the flow velocity of the water flow after energy dissipation is reduced, and the pressure intensity of the water flow is reduced, so that a pressure difference is formed between the pressure difference and the capillary water flow on one side of the elastic sheet, the elastic sheet deforms under the action of the pressure difference, and the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage S is changed.
When water flows through the variable labyrinth flow passage S, the water flow finally reaches a stable state under the coupling action of the deformation of the elastic body and the fluid pressure, when the capillary water flow pressure is lower, the flow velocity of the water flow in the labyrinth flow passage is lower, the deformation of the elastic body is lower, the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage S is larger, and otherwise, the water passing section is smaller.
According to Q = D V, the flow of the water outlet of the dripper can achieve the compensation effect that the flow is kept unchanged or the variation is small, wherein Q is the flow, D is the water passing section, and V is the water flow velocity.
The control device 200 further comprises a detection device 202, a central controller 203, a communication module 204 and a cloud server 205.
When the irrigation device 100 starts to work, the combined high-precision sensor, the detection device, the central controller, the communication module and the cloud server are started to work at the same time, and the soil condition is monitored in real time.
It is easy to understand that the cyclone separation is a high-efficiency and energy-saving separation technology, and according to the principles of ion sedimentation and density difference, after water flow tangentially enters equipment from an inlet of a desander under certain pressure, the water flow swirls at high speed in the equipment to generate a centrifugal field; because the density of two solid-liquid states of sand and water is different, under the action of centrifugal force, centripetal buoyancy and liquid drag force, the solid or impurity with large density is thrown to the periphery, because the lower part of the equipment is of a cone structure, the tangential rotating speed of the solid or impurity is faster and faster along with the continuous reduction of the radius of the cone, the solid or impurity is deposited to the bottom of the equipment and is discharged along with pollution discharge, and the liquid with low density rises and is discharged from a water outlet.
Referring to fig. 8, the detection means includes a ph sensor, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a conductivity sensor, which transmit collected data into the central controller 203 from the time of energization.
Referring to fig. 9, the communication module adopts ESP8266 module (WIFI module) and selects STA mode (remote control mode), the WIFI module is connected with the cloud server in the same area WIFI, after the connection mode of the WIFI module is configured inside the STM32 single chip microcomputer, the server IP address and the sensor data transmission mode (serial communication), the single chip microcomputer transmits the data acquired by the sensor to the cloud server through the serial communication and the WIFI module finally, and communication among the four modules is realized.
Referring to fig. 10, in the embodiment, an autonomously designed display interface is used as software, a TCP/IP protocol is used for networking, and the WIFI module and the STM32 single chip microcomputer are configured as a Client (TCP Client) as a whole by setting the software as a Server (TCP Server); the Server is used for receiving data sent by the client in real time and displaying concrete conditions of soil to farmers in real time on a display interface, a TCP Server in the figure 10 is represented as the Server, ASCII is set as an information exchange standard code for receiving and sending, and All Connections are represented as the number of All client links.
Further, in this embodiment, it should be further described that after the multistage filtering device 101, the novel venturi fertilizer applicator 102 and the integrated pressure compensation type dripper 103 are processed, the irrigation device 100 is integrally constructed, an ac electrically controlled water pump is externally connected to the device for supplying water to an irrigation system, a soil suspension extraction tank is opened in a field, and a high-precision combination sensor is inserted 3-5 cm below the liquid level of the suspension extraction tank.
Arranging a single chip microcomputer in the control device 200 beside an irrigation device, processing data fed back by a sensor by using a data algorithm in the single chip microcomputer to obtain a threshold value to control the starting and stopping of the alternating-current water pump, starting the water pump for irrigation when the threshold value is greater than a maximum set threshold value, and stopping the water pump for irrigation when the threshold value is less than a minimum set threshold value; at an upper computer end of the field real-time detection, the single chip microcomputer is connected to the upper computer through an IP address, and then field environment data are uploaded to the upper computer end through WIFI wireless transmission to be directly observed by a farmer.
Preferably, this embodiment has designed one set of high-end automatic drip irrigation equipment based on WIFI wireless transmission, STM32 single chip microcomputer control technique, this device extension adopts temperature, humidity transducer, PH and EC sensor, become in the middle of the agricultural production process, gather each item of environmental parameter information in farmland, and utilize WIFI wireless transmission data to the switchboard, the switchboard carries out big data algorithm according to the environmental parameter of gathering again, realize the automatic accurate irrigation to the crop, thereby make crops in time obtain required moisture and nutrient intelligently, the innovative burette equipment that this drip irrigation equipment adopted has effectively avoided the waste of liquid manure resource, the design requirement of water-saving irrigation has been reached.
Preferably, a multi-stage filtering device combining a rotational flow water sand filter and a lamination filter is adopted in a junction at the head part of the drip irrigation system, a fertilizer solution is uniformly sucked into a pipeline system from a fertilizer barrel by a venturi fertilizer applicator to be fertilized, high-efficiency water and fertilizer integration is realized, meanwhile, the problem of blockage of a dripper can be relieved by an integrated pressure compensation type dripper, and the whole set of device is stable and efficient and meets the design requirement of automatic water-saving irrigation.
It should be recognized that embodiments of the present invention can be realized and implemented by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer readable memory. The methods may be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with the computer program, where the storage medium so configured causes a computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the detailed description. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Further, the operations of processes described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes described herein (or variations and/or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) collectively executed on one or more processors, by hardware, or combinations thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable interface, including but not limited to a personal computer, mini computer, mainframe, workstation, networked or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and the like. Aspects of the invention may be implemented in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated onto a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optically read and/or write storage media, RAM, ROM, etc., so that it is readable by a programmable computer, which when read by the computer can be used to configure and operate the computer to perform the procedures described herein. Further, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. The invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media when such media include instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein. A computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein to transform the input data to generate output data that is stored to non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including particular visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
As used in this application, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being: a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of example, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures thereon. The components may communicate by way of local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the internet with other systems by way of the signal).
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A water pump irrigation system characterized by: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
an irrigation device (100), said irrigation device (100) comprising a multi-stage filtration device (101), a novel venturi fertilizer applicator (102), and an integrated pressure compensated dripper (103);
the control device (200), the control device (200) includes a combined high-precision sensor, it is used for gathering the data of the field in real time and uploading to the host computer end;
the multistage filtering device (101) is used for removing most impurities in water and fertilizers, and the possibility of blockage of drippers is reduced from the source;
the novel Venturi fertilizer applicator (102) is used for efficiently and uniformly injecting fertilizer, so that high-efficiency water and fertilizer integration is realized;
the integrated pressure compensation type water dropper (103) is used for efficiently and uniformly irrigating by the drip irrigation water dropper;
the control device (200) further comprises a method for carrying out innovative starting and stopping of the irrigation equipment based on an analytic hierarchy process;
the multistage filtering device (101) comprises a rotational flow water sand filter (101 a) and a laminated filter (101 b);
the rotational flow water sand filter (101 a) comprises a water inlet and vortex chamber separation chamber, a water outlet (101 a-2), a sewage storage chamber and a sewage outlet (101 a-4);
the rotational flow water sand filter (101 a) is matched with the laminated filter (101 b) for use, water and fertilizer enter from a water inlet (101 b-1) of the laminated filter (101 b), and a filter core frame piston compresses the laminated sheets;
when water flow enters the rotational flow water sand filter (101 a) and contacts with the plastic tangential direction of a centrifugal disc, the generated centrifugal effect throws water carrying large-particle impurities on the inner wall of the rotational flow water sand filter (101 a) and concentrates on the top of the rotational flow water sand filter (101 a), and the water carrying fewer impurities contacts the laminated filter (101 b) again, so that the cleaning frequency required by the laminated filter is reduced;
the process the water source after whirl water sand filter (101) prefiltration flows novel venturi fertilizer applicator (102), novel venturi fertilizer applicator (102) are installed in the middle of whirl water sand filter (101 a) and lamination formula filter (101 b), with the parallelly connected installation of delivery pipe control flap (M), will during the use control flap (M) is closed for a short time, causes there is certain pressure differential around control flap (M), makes the rivers utilize the installation the branch pipe of novel venturi fertilizer applicator (102), the vacuum suction that produces through venturi with the rivers, evenly inhales the pipeline from open fertilizer bucket with fertilizer solution and fertilizes.
2. The pump irrigation system as recited in claim 1, wherein: the water flow enters the fixed labyrinth flow channel (H) from the water inlet (101 b-1), and enters the variable labyrinth flow channel (S) after the first energy dissipation;
according to the principle of conservation of hydraulic energy, the flow velocity of water flow after energy dissipation is reduced, the pressure intensity of the water flow is reduced, so that a pressure difference is formed between the water flow and capillary water flow on one side of the elastic sheet, the elastic sheet deforms under the action of the pressure difference, and the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage (S) is changed;
when water flows through the variable labyrinth flow passage (S), the water flow finally reaches a stable state under the coupling action of elastomer deformation and fluid pressure, when the capillary water flow pressure is lower, the flow velocity of the water flow in the labyrinth flow passage is lower, the elastomer deformation is lower, the water passing section of the variable labyrinth flow passage (S) is larger, and conversely, the water passing section is smaller;
according to Q = D V, the flow of the water outlet of the dripper can achieve the compensation effect that the flow is kept unchanged or the variation is small, wherein Q is the flow, D is the water passing section, and V is the water flow velocity.
3. The pump irrigation system as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the control device (200) further comprises a detection device, a central controller, a communication module and a cloud server;
when the irrigation device (100) starts to work, the combined high-precision sensor, the detection device, the central controller, the communication module and the cloud server start to work at the same time, and the soil condition is monitored in real time.
4. A method of pump irrigation, comprising: the pump irrigation system as recited in claim 1, including,
based on an analytic hierarchy process, taking the crop benefits as a target layer, and establishing a mathematical model;
determining the weight distribution relation among soil humidity, temperature, pH value and conductivity of soil suspension;
and comparing all factors of the layers by the decision maker alignment to determine the weight of the scheme layer.
5. The pump irrigation method of claim 4, wherein: using the analytical hierarchy process, an ideal comparison matrix needs to be constructed, including,
proving that the ideal comparison matrix only has one non-zero eigenvalue, namely the maximum eigenvalue;
solving the eigenvector of the maximum eigenvalue, wherein each element of the eigenvector is just the weight value of each influence factor;
and judging the influence degree of each influence factor according to the weight value.
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| WO2016112136A2 (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-14 | Skydrop Holdings, Llc | Systems, methods, and devices for wireless irrigation control |
| CN204579115U (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-08-26 | 广东省现代农业装备研究所 | A kind of multi-functional water-fertilizer integral fertigation facility |
| CN104798522B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏大学 | The sterilization integrated assay device of a kind of irrigation |
| CN105393894B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-01-05 | 莱芜市春雨滴灌技术有限公司 | A kind of pressure-compensated flat water dropper |
| CN107306765A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-03 | 河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | A kind of water-fertilizer integral irrigation system and irrigation method |
| CN107491844B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2021-06-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Analysis method for water demand of farmland irrigation level |
| CN108633436B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2023-06-20 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Water, fertilizer and gas integrated system for underground drip irrigation of greenhouse |
| CN111612331A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-09-01 | 河北工业大学 | Fuzzy intelligent plant growth monitoring system based on soil water potential and control target threshold value obtaining method |
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