CN113684608A - 非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜 - Google Patents

非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜 Download PDF

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CN113684608A
CN113684608A CN202111026501.3A CN202111026501A CN113684608A CN 113684608 A CN113684608 A CN 113684608A CN 202111026501 A CN202111026501 A CN 202111026501A CN 113684608 A CN113684608 A CN 113684608A
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fiber
fibers
trunk
organic
woven fabric
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CN113684608B (zh
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陈莉
林陆菁
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Qianyan New Material Research Institute Shenzhen Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及非织造布材料领域，涉及一种非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜。该非织造布，包括：有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维；以质量百分比计，有机主干纤维的占比为20％～75％，无机主干纤维的占比不高于35％，粘结纤维的占比为25％～45％；有机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于4μm；无机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于6μm；粘结纤维的纤维直径不大于10μm。通过限定纤维配比，保证了非织造布内部纤维之间的充分粘连固合，形成了紧致的网状结构，固合定型效果好，保证了非织造布的机械强度。通过限定纤维直径能够保证非织造布的厚度较薄。从而实现了在提高机械强度的同时减少非织造布的纤维层数，得到厚度薄、机械强度高的非织造布。

Description

非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜
技术领域
本申请涉及非织造布材料领域，具体而言，涉及一种非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜。
背景技术
随着5G通信技术的普及以及大量高功率电子设备的使用，由此而产生的电磁波辐射和电磁干扰日益严重。各种电子器件都不同程度的产生电磁波辐射，电磁波辐射不仅造成电子产品之间的相互干扰，而且还污染人类生存的空间，危害人类的健康。许多电磁辐射防护标准规定，不符合标准的产品不被允许投放市场。可靠性成为电子设备头等重要的事项，可靠性也已经成为电子设备的一个重要市场特征。电子设备工作时，既不希望被外界电磁波干扰，又不希望自身辐射出电磁波干扰外界设备以及对人体造成辐射危害。
电磁干扰简称为EMI，其定义是指由干扰源发出干扰电磁能量，经过耦合途径将干扰能量传输到敏感设备，使敏感设备工作受到影响。EMI有两个基本条件：(1)电磁干扰源和对干扰源产生的特定幅度、频率的能量敏感的器件，称为敏感器；(2)在干扰源和敏感器之间传输能量的传播路径。
在解决电磁干扰问题的诸多手段中，最基本的方法就是电磁屏蔽。电磁屏蔽是利用屏蔽材料阻隔或衰减被屏蔽区域与外界的电磁能量传播，以防止电磁波辐射造成的干扰与泄漏。电磁屏蔽膜是通过特殊材料制成的屏蔽体，能够基于对电磁波的反射或电磁波的吸收的工作原理有效阻断电磁干扰。
一般来讲，高的电导率会赋予材料优异的电磁屏蔽性能，金属材料有很优异的导电和电磁屏蔽性能，因此目前金属材料仍是用于电磁屏蔽织物的主要材料。随着电子设备朝着“轻、薄、短、小”方向发展，对于电磁屏蔽膜材料，在追求高电磁屏蔽效能的同时，对轻薄化的要求也越来越高。然而目前薄的电磁屏蔽膜无法进行连续均匀的金属加工，因此较厚的导电屏蔽膜的电磁屏蔽效果要优于较薄的电磁屏蔽膜。在保障电磁屏蔽膜的电磁屏蔽效果和电磁屏蔽膜的厚度要求之间存在两难。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种非织造布以及电磁屏蔽膜。
第一方面，本申请提供一种非织造布，包括：有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维；以质量百分比计，有机主干纤维的占比为20％～75％，无机主干纤维的占比不高于35％，粘结纤维的占比为25％～45％；有机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于4μm；无机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于6μm；粘结纤维的纤维直径不大于10μm。
本申请的非织造布，通过在有机主干纤维中掺杂无机主干纤维，使得有机主干纤维包裹无机纤维，粘结纤维提供粘结强度，从而形成整体结构。无机主干纤维作为增强材料强化了非织造布的结构强度，起到类似于钢筋混凝土中钢筋的作用。通过将非织造布中的有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的质量百分比限制在上述的范围内，保证了非织造布内部纤维之间的充分粘连固合，形成了紧致的网状结构，固合定型效果好，提高了非织造布的机械强度。通过设置有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维的纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维直径在上述的范围内，能够保证非织造布的厚度较薄，从而能够在保证非织造布原有特性的同时，显著提高非织造布的机械强度，实现在保持同等性能时可减少非织造布的纤维层数，得到厚度薄、机械强度高的非织造布。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述粘结纤维的熔点或软化点为100℃～250℃；有机主干纤维的熔点或软化点比粘结纤维的熔点或软化点高出不少于20℃。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维长度均在1mm～6mm范围内。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述非织造布的纵向拉伸强度在2.5N/15mm～66N/15mm范围内；非织造布的横向拉伸强度在2.0N/15mm～45N/15mm范围内。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述非织造布的密度在0.10g/m3～0.50g/m3范围内；非织造布的厚度在5μm～30μm范围内。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述非织造布的平均孔径不大于5.0mm，最大孔径与平均孔径的比值不小于1且不大于10。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述无机主干纤维包括：硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、镁橄榄石纤维、氧化铝纤维，石英纤维、氧化锆纤维，SiO2-CaO-MgO系纤维、Al2O3-CaO系纤维、Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系纤维、硼化物纤维、碳化物纤维、氮化物纤维或者玻璃纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，硼化物纤维包括硼化锆纤维；
可选地，碳化物纤维包括碳化硅纤维；
可选地，氮化物纤维包括氮化硅纤维或者氮化硼纤维；
可选地，玻璃纤维包括镁铝硅三元玻璃纤维、镁铝硅系玻璃纤维或者硅铝钙镁系玻璃纤维。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述有机主干纤维包括：聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚偏氟乙烯纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维或者芳纶纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，聚酰胺纤维包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯等聚酯纤维，聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维、ES纤维。
在本申请的其他实施例中，上述粘结纤维包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚烯烃纤维或者作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，聚烯烃纤维包括聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维；
可选地，作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维包括聚烯烃皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚聚酯皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚酰胺皮芯结构复合纤维。
第二方面，本申请提供一种电磁屏蔽膜，包括前述任一项的非织造布。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
因此，以下提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施方式提供了一种非织造布，包括：有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维；以质量百分比计，有机主干纤维的占比为20％～75％，无机主干纤维的占比不高于35％，粘结纤维的占比为25％～45％。
本申请的非织造布将有机主干纤维和无机主干纤维的紧密结合，充分发挥了无机主干纤维机械强度高、化学稳定性好及有机主干纤维柔韧性和可加工性好的优势，弥补单一材料的应用缺陷。
进一步地，通过将非织造布中的有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的质量百分比限制在上述的范围内，保证了非织造布内部有机主干纤维与无机主干纤维产生良好的协同作用，再通过粘结纤维将其充分粘连固合，形成了紧致的网状结构，固合定型效果好，保证了非织造布的机械强度。
有机主干纤维和无机主干纤维协同作用产生粘结强度，能够承受有机主干纤维和无机主干纤维的相对变形在界面上产生的作用力，称为粘结应力。粘结应力使无机主干纤维与有机主干纤维有可靠的锚固，从而保证了在外力或热的作用下共同变形。无机主干纤维和有机主干纤维之间的粘结力主要由三部分组成：
(1)无机主干纤维与有机主干纤维接触面由于化学作用而产生的胶着力。
(2)由于有机主干纤维发生熔化后冷却固化时收缩，对无机主干纤维产生握裹作用。由于握裹作用及无机主干纤维表面粗糙不平，使无机主干纤维和有机主干纤维之间的相对滑动趋势，在接触面上引起摩阻力。无机主干纤维和有机主干纤维的粘结主要依靠摩阻力。
(3)咬合力，是指有机主干纤维熔化嵌入无机主干纤维不光滑的表面产生的机械咬合力。
无机主干纤维增强的作用机理，是无机主干纤维作为骨架帮助有机主干纤维基体承担载荷。无机主干纤维和有机主干纤维共混后，无机主干纤维均匀分布在有机主干纤维基体中，无机主干纤维的模量大于有机主干纤维基体，相同应变下，无机主干纤维的承载更大；当膜片受到外力作用时，从有机主干纤维基体传递到无机主干纤维，力的作用方向会发生改变，即沿纤维取向方向传递，这种传递作用也在一定程度上起到力的分散作用，从而增强了膜材料承受外力作用的能力，在宏观上表现出非织造布在复合金属层的工序的耐受大幅度提高。
若是无机主干纤维的质量分数高于35wt％，会导致非织造布脆性增大，加工卷绕过程中反而容易出现撕裂破损。粘结纤维保证纤维之间的粘结力，若粘结纤维的含量过低，而有机主干纤维的含量过高，非织造布内部纤维之间不能充分粘连固合，网状结构松散，难以固合定型，则非织造布的机械强度难以保证。反之若是粘结纤维含量过高，而有机主干纤维的含量偏低，过量的粘结纤维在非织造布表面熔化，易导致堵孔严重，难以获得期望的孔隙结构。
进一步地，在上述的质量百分比配比范围内，非织造布的纵向拉伸强度在2.5N/15mm～66N/15mm范围内；横向拉伸强度在2.0N/15mm～45N/15mm范围内。
进一步地，在上述的质量百分比配比范围内，非织造布的纵向拉伸强度在4.5N/15mm～60N/15mm范围内；横向拉伸强度在3.5N/15mm～40N/15mm范围内。
示例性地，在上述的质量百分比配比范围内，非织造布的纵向拉伸强度为4.8N/15mm、5.3N/15mm、6.7N/15mm、7.5N/15mm、8.6N/15mm、9.4N/15mm、10.9N/15mm、12.4N/15mm、13.7N/15mm、15.8N/15mm、16.4N/15mm、18.3N/15mm、20.3N/15mm、25.8N/15mm、27.9N/15mm、29.6N/15mm、33.5N/15mm、36.7N/15mm、38.8N/15mm、40.7N/15mm、43.8N/15mm、47.6N/15mm、49.5N/15mm、52.4N/15mm、56.8N/15mm或者59.1N/15mm。
横向拉伸强度为3.2N/15mm、4.8N/15mm、6.2N/15mm、7.5N/15mm、8.4N/15mm、9.7N/15mm、10.4N/15mm、12.7N/15mm、13.9N/15mm、15.9N/15mm、16.7N/15mm、19.2N/15mm、23.8N/15mm、26.5N/15mm、28.9N/15mm、31.1N/15mm、34.6N/15mm、37.9N/15mm、40.1N/15mm、42.3N/15mm或者44.6N/15mm。
进一步地，有机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于4μm；无机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于6μm；粘结纤维的纤维直径不大于10μm。
进一步可选地，有机主干纤维的纤维直径在0.1μm～4μm；无机主干纤维的纤维直径在0.1μm～6μm；粘结纤维的纤维直径在0.1μm～10μm。示例性地，有机主干纤维的纤维直径为0.5μm、1μm、1.5μm、2μm、2.5μm、3μm或者3.5μm。无机主干纤维的纤维直径为0.5μm、1μm、1.5μm、2μm、2.5μm、3μm、3.5μm、4μm、4.5μm、5μm或者5.5μm。粘结纤维的纤维直径为0.5μm、1μm、2μm、3μm、4μm、5μm、6μm、7μm、8μm或者9μm。
通过设置有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维的纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维直径在上述的范围内，能够保证非织造布的厚度较薄。
如果有机主干纤维的直径大于4μm，无机主干纤维的纤维直径大于6μm，粘结纤维的直径大于10μm，所得非织造布的厚度将过大，非织造布复合金属层之后，电磁屏蔽膜也变得厚重，其厚度尺寸比较大，将无法满足微型化电子设备有限空间内的电磁屏蔽要求。同时过粗的纤维也有增加非织造布产生大孔洞的可能性，无助于获得期望的孔径及其分布，同时也增加了金属导电层上产生针孔等缺陷的可能性。
进一步地，在上述的纤维直径范围内，该非织造布的厚度能够降低到30μm以下。
进一步可选地，在上述的纤维直径范围内，该非织造布的厚度在5μm-30μm范围内。示例性地，该非织造布的厚度为8μm、10μm、15μm、20μm、25μm或者30μm。
无纺布的厚度直接影响金属镀覆后的电磁屏蔽膜厚度。若无纺布厚度大于30μm，屏蔽膜的厚度将过大，不能满足精密元器件的狭小安装空间对其的要求。若无纺布厚度小于5μm，屏蔽膜将过薄，其热稳定性能和机械强度大大降低，难以满足制造加工过程的机械要求，且在镀覆金属过程容易形成较大孔洞，使得屏蔽效果大大降低。
进一步地，前述粘结纤维的熔点或软化点为100℃～250℃；有机主干纤维的熔点或软化点比粘结纤维的熔点或软化点高出不少于20℃。
通过设置粘结纤维的熔点或软化点为100℃～250℃；有机主干纤维的熔点或软化点比粘结纤维的熔点或软化点高出不少于20℃，能够保证非织造布的粘合强度。
其中，粘结纤维的熔点或软化点相对较低，进行热压延处理时粘结纤维则局部或全部熔化，将非织造布内部各纤维彼此粘连，冷却固化后形成牢固非织造布的三维网状结构。但粘结纤维的熔点或软化点若过低，在热压处理过程中易过度熔化，粘辊严重；若粘结纤维的熔点或软化点过高，则在热压时不能及时熔化，从而使非织造布难以获得足够的粘合强度。
进一步地，有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维长度均在1mm～6mm范围内。进一步可选地，有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维长度均在1.1mm～5.9mm范围内。
示例性地，有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维长度为1mm、1.5mm、2mm、2.5mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mm、4.5mm或者5mm。
需要说明的是，上述的有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的长度可以选择相同，或者选择为不相同。例如，可以设置有机主干纤维和无机主干纤维的长度相同，粘结纤维大于或者小于有机主干纤维或无机主干纤维的长度。或者选择设置有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维、粘结纤维三者长度相同；或者选择设置有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维、粘结纤维三者长度各不相同。
通过设置有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的纤维长度均在1mm～6mm范围内，能够进一步保证非织造布的强度，并且保证其良好的成型效果。
若是纤维长度小于1mm，可能存在非织造布强度过低的问题，甚至纤维无法成纸；若是纤维长度大于6mm，过长的纤维易团聚缠结，造成非织造布严重的外观性能缺陷。
进一步地，在本申请一些实施方式中，上述的有机主干纤维包括：聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚偏氟乙烯纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维或者芳纶纤维中的至少一种。
进一步可选地，上述的聚酰胺纤维包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维。
进一步可选地，上述的聚烯烃纤维包括聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维、ES纤维。
进一步地，在本申请一些实施方式中，上述的无机主干纤维包括：硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、镁橄榄石纤维、氧化铝纤维，石英纤维、氧化锆纤维，SiO2-CaO-MgO系纤维、Al2O3-CaO系纤维、Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系纤维、硼化物纤维、碳化物纤维、氮化物纤维或者玻璃纤维中的至少一种。
进一步可选地，上述的硼化物纤维包括硼化锆纤维。
进一步可选地，上述的碳化物纤维包括碳化硅纤维。
进一步可选地，上述的氮化物纤维包括氮化硅纤维、氮化硼纤维。
进一步可选地，上述的玻璃纤维包括镁铝硅三元玻璃纤维、镁铝硅系玻璃纤维、硅铝钙镁系玻璃纤维。
进一步地，在本申请一些实施方式中，上述的粘结纤维包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚烯烃纤维或者作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维。
进一步可选地，上述的聚烯烃纤维包括聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维。
进一步可选地，上述作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维包括聚烯烃皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚聚酯皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚酰胺皮芯结构复合纤维。
在本申请一些实施方式中，上述的非织造布的密度在0.10g/m3～0.50g/m3范围内。
通过设置非织造布的密度在上述的范围内，能够保证良好的散热效果。
本申请的非织造布，其密度为0.10～0.50g/m3，若密度小于0.10g/m3，非织造布强度过低且大通孔过多，将大大削弱电磁屏蔽膜的机械性能与屏蔽性能。若密度大于0.50g/m3，密集紧实的有机聚合物纤维层将自动形成“保温层”，妨碍芯片等电子器件产生的热量及时转移，造成散热不良，聚集的热量易使精密器件的工作温度超出正常允许范围，严重时对器件设备造成损害。
在本申请一些实施方式中，上述的非织造布的平均孔径不大于5.0mm，最大孔径与平均孔径的比值不小于1且不大于10。
设置非织造布的平均孔径不大于5.0mm，最大孔径与平均孔径的比值不小于1且不大于10，此时纤维之间的距离不过于分离，进行化学镀时，金属易进入孔内部且与表面金属形成连续层，可实现高性能的电磁屏蔽性。当平均孔径大于5.0mm、最大孔径/平均孔径比大于10时，金属导电层上易产生通孔，此时为了完全覆盖非织造布表面以保证电磁屏蔽效能，金属镀层需要加厚，镀层过厚导致金属颗粒内部应力累积过大，使得镀层附着牢度变差、容易脱落。
需要说明的是，本申请的非织造布，制备方法无特别限制，可采用本领域公知的非织造布制备方法。例如，采用斜网纸机抄制纤维原纸，然后将已成型的纤维原纸进行热压延处理，热压机采用钢辊/软辊组合，处理温度范围为100～300℃，即可得到本申请的非织造布。
本申请的一些实施方式提供一种电磁屏蔽膜，该电磁屏蔽膜包括前述任一实施方式提供的非织造布。非织造布用作电磁屏蔽膜的支撑层。进一步地，在非织造布的表面复合金属层。
该电磁屏蔽膜由于设置前述的非织造布，能够极大地提高电磁屏蔽膜的机械强度，同时保证电磁屏蔽膜厚度较小，从而拓宽电磁屏蔽膜的应用场景。
进一步地，无机纤维的导热系数明显高于有机纤维，将有机纤维与无机纤维复合得到非织造布作为电磁屏蔽膜的支撑层，可有效降低有机纤维对于膜材导热的不良影响。因此该电磁屏蔽膜，在该非织造布表面复合金属层后，能够得到轻薄化的高强度电磁屏蔽膜，从而能够适应对于电磁屏蔽膜的屏蔽效能高、热传导性高、厚度薄的要求，使之便于应用于小空间的精密器件与设备中。
以下结合实施例对本申请的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述：
实施例1
提供一种电磁屏蔽膜，按照以下步骤制备：
步骤S1、制备非织造布。
提供一种非织造布，以有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维为原料，采用斜网纸机抄制纤维原纸，再将纤维原纸进行热压延处理，处理温度为225±5℃；热压延机采用钢辊/软辊组合。有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维的具体含量、性能以及纤维层面密度如表1所示。
步骤S2、制备电磁屏蔽膜。
采用步骤S1制得的非织造布作为电磁屏蔽膜的支撑层，在非织造布上镀覆金属铜，金属附着量为3g/m2，得到电磁屏蔽膜片样品1。
实施例2～4
提供一种电磁屏蔽膜，与实施例1制备步骤相同，仅纤维原料不同，具体见表1。
对比例1～4
提供一种电磁屏蔽膜，与实施例1制备步骤相同，仅纤维原料不同，具体见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0003243713880000121
Figure BDA0003243713880000131
实验例
(1)对实施例1～对比例4步骤S1制得的非织造布的性能进行检测。
其中，非织造布的“面密度”，依据GB/T 451.2-2002方法来测定。非织造布的“密度”由非织造布的“面密度”与非织造布的“厚度”相除得到，非织造布的“厚度”，依据GB/T451.3-2002方法来测定。非织造布的“孔径”，依据GB/T 32361-2015方法来测定。非织造布的“拉伸强度”，依据GB/T 12914-2008方法来测定。
(2)对实施例1～对比例4步骤S2制得的电磁屏蔽膜的性能进行检测。
其中，电磁屏蔽膜的“电磁屏蔽效能”，依据GB/T 30142-2013方法进行测试。
电磁屏蔽膜的“金属镀层致密性”的评价标准：
○：镀层致密无孔洞，非常优异的水平；
△：镀层出现1～5处/m2孔洞，中等水平；
×：镀层出现>5处/m2孔洞，不能使用的水平。
测试结果示出于表2。
表2
Figure BDA0003243713880000141
从表2中可以看出本申请实施例1-4的样品具有良好的性能，尤其是拉伸强度得到了显著提高。非织造布的纵向拉伸强度在36.5N/15mm～65.2N/15mm范围内；横向拉伸强度在29.8N/15mm～44.1N/15mm范围内，使得电磁屏蔽膜的纵向拉伸强度在41.6N/15mm～69.9N/15mm，横向拉伸强度在33.9N/15mm～47.2N/15mm。并且使得电磁屏蔽膜的厚度较薄，可达到12.1μm，电磁屏蔽膜的电磁屏蔽效能高，能够达到73dB(at 1GHz)。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种非织造布，其特征在于，包括：有机主干纤维、无机主干纤维以及粘结纤维；以质量百分比计，所述有机主干纤维的占比为20％～75％，所述无机主干纤维的占比不高于35％，所述粘结纤维的占比为25％～45％；所述有机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于4μm；所述无机主干纤维的纤维直径不大于6μm；所述粘结纤维的纤维直径不大于10μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述粘结纤维的熔点或软化点为100℃～250℃；所述有机主干纤维的熔点或软化点比所述粘结纤维的熔点或软化点高出不少于20℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述有机主干纤维、所述无机主干纤维以及所述粘结纤维的纤维长度均在1mm～6mm范围内。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述非织造布的纵向拉伸强度在2.5N/15mm～66N/15m范围内；所述非织造布的横向拉伸强度在2.0N/15mm～45N/15mm范围内。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述非织造布的厚度在5μm～30μm范围内。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述非织造布的密度在0.10g/m3～0.50g/m3范围内；
可选地，所述非织造布的平均孔径不大于5.0mm，最大孔径与平均孔径的比值不小于1且不大于10。
7.根据权利要求1所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述无机主干纤维包括：硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、镁橄榄石纤维、氧化铝纤维，石英纤维、氧化锆纤维，SiO2-CaO-MgO系纤维、Al2O3-CaO系纤维、Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系纤维、硼化物纤维、碳化物纤维、氮化物纤维或者玻璃纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，所述硼化物纤维包括硼化锆纤维；
可选地，所述碳化物纤维包括碳化硅纤维；
可选地，所述氮化物纤维包括氮化硅纤维或者氮化硼纤维；
可选地，所述玻璃纤维包括镁铝硅三元玻璃纤维、镁铝硅系玻璃纤维或者硅铝钙镁系玻璃纤维。
8.根据权利要求2所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述有机主干纤维包括：聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚四氟乙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚偏氟乙烯纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维或者芳纶纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，所述聚酰胺纤维包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维；
可选地，所述聚烯烃纤维包括聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维、聚氯乙烯纤维、ES纤维。
9.根据权利要求2所述的非织造布，其特征在于，
所述粘结纤维包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯未拉伸纤维、聚烯烃纤维或者作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维中的至少一种；
可选地，所述聚烯烃纤维包括聚乙烯纤维、聚丙烯纤维或者聚氯乙烯纤维；
可选地，所述作皮层材料的皮芯结构复合纤维包括聚烯烃皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚聚酯皮芯结构复合纤维、共聚酰胺皮芯结构复合纤维。
10.一种电磁屏蔽膜，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～9任一项所述的非织造布。
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