CN113682666A - An airtight space for the protection of cultural relics protected by atmospheric pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen - Google Patents
An airtight space for the protection of cultural relics protected by atmospheric pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN113682666A CN113682666A CN202110993451.XA CN202110993451A CN113682666A CN 113682666 A CN113682666 A CN 113682666A CN 202110993451 A CN202110993451 A CN 202110993451A CN 113682666 A CN113682666 A CN 113682666A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
- B65D88/742—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents using ventilating sheaths
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
- B65D88/745—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents blowing or injecting heating, cooling or other conditioning fluid inside the container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/54—Gates or closures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
本发明提供一种常压低氧充氮文物保护气密空间，可根据库房及文物的具体情况建设集浓度99.99%氮气供应设备、氧气监控系统、温湿度监控系统、压力监控装置、压力监控系统、报警系统以及管线阀门为一体的常压低氧充氮文物保护气密空间(图以容积1m3为例)。气密空间采用常压充氮的方式使气密空间内部的氧气浓度达到微量程度，制造低氧稳定环境，对于无机文物，充氮低氧保存，惰性气体氮气可以减缓文物的老化速度、氧化速度。对于有机文物，常压低氧充氮文物保护气密空间可充氮杀虫、充氮除霉、惰性气体保护、防老化、防火、防止光化学腐蚀和酸化水解氧化反应、防鼠。
The invention provides an airtight space for the protection of cultural relics with atmospheric pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen, and can build a nitrogen supply equipment with a concentration of 99.99%, an oxygen monitoring system, a temperature and humidity monitoring system, a pressure monitoring device, and a pressure monitoring system according to the specific conditions of the warehouse and cultural relics. , the alarm system and the pipeline valve are integrated into the atmospheric-pressure, low-oxygen and nitrogen-filled cultural relics protection airtight space (the figure takes the volume of 1m 3 as an example). The airtight space is filled with nitrogen at atmospheric pressure to make the oxygen concentration inside the airtight space reach a trace level, creating a low-oxygen stable environment. For inorganic cultural relics, nitrogen filling and low-oxygen preservation, inert gas nitrogen can slow down the aging speed and oxidation speed of cultural relics. . For organic cultural relics, the airtight space of atmospheric pressure, low oxygen and nitrogen filling cultural relics can be filled with nitrogen to kill insects, nitrogen to remove mildew, inert gas protection, anti-aging, fire prevention, prevent photochemical corrosion and acidification, hydrolysis and oxidation reactions, and prevent rodents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a cultural relic protection airtight space, in particular to a normal-pressure low-oxygen nitrogen-filled cultural relic protection airtight space.
Background
In recent years, nitrogen is widely applied to cultural relics protection, paper mildew-removing vacuum bags, nitrogen-filled air-conditioned insecticidal effects and the like are also applied to storehouses of museums, related research documents are also provided in the industry for researching the effects of killing pests and removing mildew of nitrogen, and two pieces of mildew paper paintings are respectively placed in a nitrogen box and the storehouses for one year by virtue of museums in Yiyang city under the conditions that the temperature is 14-18 ℃ and the humidity is 50-60%. Tests show that the mildew of the paper pictures in the nitrogen box disappears, and the indoor paper pictures are seriously mildewed and damaged. The national institute of cultural relics science and technology researches on the wood cultural relics inspects the survival situation of the larvae of the bark beetle of the spotted beetle under the environmental conditions of the temperature of 23 +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity of 30-40% and the oxygen concentration of 0.1%. The test shows that: the 0.1 percent oxygen environment has obvious insecticidal effect. Although the theoretical basis is sufficient, in practical application, a complete nitrogen cultural relic protection device which is fixed for a long time rarely appears, and the paper mould removing vacuum bag is a disposable vacuum sealing bag without various monitoring systems and can not ensure the safety of the cultural relics.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs and assembles a cultural relic protection airtight space which is used for the protection work of various cultural relics. The airtight space adopts the mode of nitrogen filling under normal pressure to make the oxygen concentration inside the airtight space reach the trace degree, makes the stable environment of hypoxemia, to inorganic historical relic, fills nitrogen hypoxemia and preserves, and inert gas nitrogen can slow down the ageing speed, the oxidation rate of historical relic. For organic cultural relics, the coating can be used for nitrogen-filled disinsection, nitrogen-filled mould removal, inert gas protection, aging prevention, fire prevention, photochemical corrosion prevention, acidification, hydrolysis and oxidation reaction prevention and rat prevention.
The invention relates to a normal-pressure low-oxygen nitrogen-filled cultural relic protection airtight space which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the airtight space is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PAAM), and is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, an airtight door and a wiring port;
according to the principle that the density of nitrogen is slightly smaller than that of air, an air inlet is arranged above, and an air outlet is arranged below;
the nitrogen supply system directly adopts a nitrogen cylinder to charge air, the concentration of the nitrogen cylinder is 99.999 percent, and the outlet of the nitrogen supply system is provided with a pressure reducing valve and a flow meter and is connected to the air inlet of the airtight space through an air conveying pipe;
the inner diameter of the air outlet is 1.5 times of that of the air inlet, and instantaneous pressure in the space is released by increasing the air outlet flow. The air outlet has no pressure difference and only can not enter the one-way valve, so that the air tightness of the space is ensured while the pressure in the cabin is adjusted. The centrifugal fan connected with the air outlet valve enables air charging and discharging of the airtight space to be an upper charging and lower forced discharging mode, instantaneous positive pressure of the space is dispersed, and air conditioning work is efficiently completed. The equipment operation cost is low, the operation difficulty is low, the gas cleanliness is high, and the system operation is safe and reliable;
the airtight door is set to be in a size according to needs, and the airtight door is enclosed around a door frame by using a sealing ring;
a plurality of layers of object placing platforms are arranged in the space; airtight spaces with different sizes can be built according to cultural relic storehouses and space conditions, the airtight spaces with small sizes are formed by bonding 10mm PMMA transparent plates, the airtight spaces with large sizes are used for building a 304 stainless steel structure supporting frame, and the middle of the airtight spaces is filled with double layers of 6mm PMMA transparent plates;
the oxygen monitoring system comprises an oxygen detection probe and a digital display screen which are distributed in the box body. The oxygen monitoring system monitors and controls the oxygen concentration in the space in real time, monitoring equipment is distributed in the horizontal and vertical directions of the space in a grid shape, the cables run along the sides, and the number of the cables is designed according to the size of the space;
the pressure monitoring system is distributed in the experimental space, when the internal pressure reaches 1.25 atmospheric pressure (126.65 kpa), the system automatically alarms and releases pressure, and the air inlet valve is closed;
the temperature and humidity monitoring system is distributed in the experimental space, real-time monitoring and control are carried out on the humidity in the warehouse, and the relative humidity in the airtight storage space is guaranteed to be adjustable at 40% -60%. The temperature and humidity monitoring system detects by means of a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors, and the humidity control unit has the characteristic of low power consumption and achieves the purposes of purification, dust removal, cleanness, stability and uniformity. Can regulate and control according to the original temperature and humidity of cultural relics, and eliminate the interference of temperature and humidity variables. Aiming at the problem of humidity uniformity in an airtight space, a low-oxygen humidity control technology is utilized to carry out humidity stability and uniformity test research, and temperature and humidity sensors are placed at five different positions in the airtight space;
each detection device outside sets up safety protection cover in the space, prevents to produce collision friction with the historical relic within a definite time.
The alarm system comprises an oxygen concentration overrun alarm, a pressure overrun alarm and a temperature and humidity overrun alarm (the limit is divided into an upper limit (highest) and a lower limit (lowest)).
The air exhaust and ventilation system is arranged in an external operation space of the experimental space, the concentration of external operation oxygen is monitored in real time, and the alarm is given when the concentration is lower than the lower limit (19.5%) to automatically start the air exhaust and ventilation system.
The remote monitoring system monitors through the local area network, the Internet and the like. The remote monitoring system is communicated with the high-purity nitrogen display control box through terminal equipment such as a computer or a mobile phone and the like, so that remote monitoring, inquiry and access are carried out, parameters and operation conditions are set, and historical data, alarm faults and the like are received.
And setting corresponding self-evaluation items according to the types of the cultural relics so as to judge the influence of nitrogen protection on the cultural relics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system for protecting airtight space (with a volume of 1 m) for atmospheric-pressure low-oxygen nitrogen-filled cultural relics3For example).
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the effect of protecting airtight space of large-sized atmospheric-pressure low-oxygen nitrogen-filled cultural relics (with volume of 30 m)3For example).
Detailed Description
Small size airtight space: cutting a polymethyl methacrylate material with the thickness of 10mm, constructing an airtight space, arranging an air inlet and outlet, an airtight door and a wiring port in the space, arranging all detection devices in the space according to requirements, and installing an instrument safety protection cover outside each detection device to prevent collision and friction between the detection devices and cultural relics. And all the interfaces are sealed and bonded by special super glue made of polymethyl methacrylate material. The overall effect is shown in FIG. 1, with a volume of 1m3For example, a temperature and humidity detector is arranged at the center of the uppermost surface and the air outlet; an oxygen detection device is arranged above the center of the uppermost surface, the center of the left side surface and the air outlet; pressure detection devices are arranged below the air inlet and above the air outlet; the air outlet is connected with a centrifugal fan; all detection device controllers are concentrated on the centralized control board, the centralized control board transmits data to a computer, and the mobile phone monitors data in real time through APP.
Large-size airtight space: use 304 stainless steel welding steel structure main body frame, use the double-deck 6mm thick polymethyl methacrylate material packing bonding in the middle of the frame, the space sets up business turn over gas port, airtight door, walks the line mouth, internally mounted supporter (can be according to a plurality of supporter of size customization), will each detectThe device is arranged in the space according to requirements, and instrument safety shields are arranged outside the detection devices to prevent collision and friction between the detection devices and cultural relics. As shown in FIG. 2, with a volume of 30m3For example, the door has a width of 1.5m and a height of 1.8m, and is attached to the insect killing chamber by a sealing strip to form the airtight door. The component is set to be convenient for construction and construction of the airtight insecticidal room and daily inspection and maintenance of workers, and channels of about 0.8m are reserved around the component.
The gas valve is connected to the gas inlet and outlet, the gas outlet valve is a one-way valve which only can not be opened or closed, one end of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas valve of the gas inlet of the airtight space, the other end of the gas inlet pipe is connected to the pressure reducing valve connected with the nitrogen cylinder, and the gas valve of the gas outlet is connected to the centrifugal fan to form an upper charging and lower forced exhaust mode. The replacement work of the gas in the airtight space is efficiently completed. And opening the valve when filling nitrogen, and closing the centrifugal fan and the air inlet and outlet valve after the nitrogen filling is finished so as to ensure the space tightness. The airtight door is arranged on the outer layer of the airtight space and is sealed by the sealing ring, and the airtight door is locked by the seven-shaped handle buckle, so that the opening and closing of the airtight door are facilitated, and meanwhile, the air tightness is guaranteed.
Opening an instrument and connecting the instrument to a centralized control center, filling nitrogen until the oxygen content reaches a target concentration, after the nitrogen filling is finished and before the protection is started, detecting the air tightness by a professional, after the air tightness is detected to be qualified, adjusting the upper alarm limit and the lower alarm limit of oxygen concentration monitoring, adjusting the temperature and the humidity to required values (the temperature and the humidity of the original cultural relic storage environment), setting the upper alarm limit and the lower alarm limit of external air exhaust, opening an airtight door after each experimental parameter in the space reaches a stable state, putting the cultural relic in the space, and closing the airtight door. And continuously and slowly filling nitrogen until the stable value is the target concentration, closing the nitrogen filling valve and closing the air inlet and the air outlet.
And in the protection process, monitoring and controlling each parameter in the space in real time. And connect the centralized control system to the staff computer, also can be through APP real time monitoring protection state on the cell-phone, guarantee that the staff can receive the warning of each abnormal parameter and but remote processing is unusual in the very first time.
According to different protection items, after the cultural relics are stored in the space for corresponding days, the cultural relics are taken out, and whether the expected target is achieved or not is judged through experimental observation and a self-evaluation system.
And adjusting the control parameters of each detection equipment system before next protection, and starting protection after the system reaches a stable value.
Claims (10)
1. An airtight space for protecting cultural relics under normal pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen is characterized by comprising:
the air-tight space is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, an air-tight door and a wiring port, and a plurality of layers of object placing platforms are arranged in the space;
a high-purity nitrogen cylinder with the concentration of 99.999%, wherein the outlet of the high-purity nitrogen cylinder is provided with a pressure reducing valve and a flow meter and is connected to the air inlet of the airtight space through an air conveying pipe;
the one-way valve only has outlet and no inlet of the air outlet, so that the air tightness of the space is ensured while the pressure in the cabin is adjusted;
a centrifugal fan connected with the valve, which makes the air-tight space charge and discharge air into an upper charge and lower forced discharge mode, and disperses the instantaneous positive pressure of the space;
an oxygen detection and control system which comprises an oxygen detection probe and a digital display screen and is distributed in the box body;
the pressure detection and control system is distributed in the experimental space, when the internal pressure reaches 1.25 atmospheric pressure (126.65 kpa), the system automatically alarms and releases pressure, and an air inlet valve is closed;
the temperature and humidity monitoring system is distributed in the experimental space and used for detecting and controlling the humidity in the warehouse in real time to ensure that the relative humidity in the airtight storage space is adjustable between 40 and 60 percent;
an alarm system comprises an oxygen concentration overrun alarm, a pressure overrun alarm and a temperature and humidity overrun alarm (the limit is divided into an upper limit (highest) and a lower limit (lowest));
an exhaust ventilation system, an experimental space external space, monitors the oxygen concentration in real time, and alarms when the oxygen concentration is lower than a lower limit (19.5 percent) to automatically start the exhaust ventilation system;
and the remote monitoring system monitors through a local area network, the Internet and the like.
2. The material of the airtight space is polymethyl methacrylate (PAAM).
3. Airtight spaces of different sizes can be built according to cultural relic storehouses and space conditions, a steel structure supporting frame is built in the large-size airtight spaces, and double layers of 6mm PMMA transparent plates are filled in the middle of the large-size airtight spaces.
4. According to the principle that the density of nitrogen is slightly smaller than that of air, the air inlet is arranged above the air inlet, and the air outlet is arranged below the air inlet.
5. The size of the air outlet is slightly larger than that of the air inlet, and the internal pressure of the space is released by increasing the air outlet flow.
6. The airtight door is set to be of a size according to needs, and the airtight door is enclosed around the door frame by a sealing ring.
7. The oxygen detection and control system monitors the oxygen concentration in the space in real time, the monitoring equipment is distributed in the horizontal and vertical directions of the space in a grid shape, and the quantity is designed according to the size of the space.
8. The temperature and humidity monitoring system detects by means of a plurality of temperature and humidity sensors, and the humidity control unit has the characteristic of low power consumption and achieves the purposes of purification, dust removal, cleanness, stability and uniformity; the temperature and humidity of the cultural relics can be regulated and controlled according to the original storage temperature and humidity, and the interference of temperature and humidity variables is eliminated; aiming at the problem of humidity uniformity in the airtight space, the humidity stability and uniformity test research is carried out by using a low-oxygen humidity control technology, and temperature and humidity sensors are placed at five different positions in the airtight space.
9. The remote monitoring system is communicated with the high-purity nitrogen display control box through terminal equipment such as a computer or a mobile phone and the like, so that remote monitoring, inquiry and access are carried out, parameters and operation conditions are set, and historical data, alarm faults and the like are received.
10. And setting corresponding self-evaluation items according to the types of the cultural relics so as to judge the influence of nitrogen protection on the cultural relics.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110993451.XA CN113682666A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | An airtight space for the protection of cultural relics protected by atmospheric pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen |
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| CN202110993451.XA CN113682666A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | An airtight space for the protection of cultural relics protected by atmospheric pressure and low oxygen and nitrogen |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114459557A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-10 | 敦煌研究院 | Monitoring device for measuring surface ground gas flow and evaporation capacity |
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| US20170354249A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-14 | Sear Latifzada | Hermetically sealable storage cabinets |
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2021
- 2021-08-27 CN CN202110993451.XA patent/CN113682666A/en active Pending
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| DE4432344A1 (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-05-15 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method and device for inerting reactors |
| WO2004110180A1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2004-12-23 | Ebro Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for controlling ambient conditions during transportation and/or storage of food or museum pieces |
| CN2899616Y (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2007-05-16 | 北京讯德气体设备厂 | Constant wet cultural relics sealing and storaging air regulating cabinet by filling nitrogen and removing oxygen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114459557A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-10 | 敦煌研究院 | Monitoring device for measuring surface ground gas flow and evaporation capacity |
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Application publication date: 20211123 |