CN113666739B - 一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,步骤为,将如下重量组分混合,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物80‑86%,有机物14‑20%,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物中,氧化锆和氧化钇的重量比为氧化锆94‑95%,氧化钇5‑6%;所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂40‑60%,石蜡15‑25%,聚丙烯10‑20%,脂肪酸5‑10%,分散剂0‑5%;将上述得到的原料通过注塑成型,得到坯料,然后经过素烧和本烧烧制,抛光,得到氧化锆陶瓷,本申请得到的氧化锆陶瓷玉质感强,具有玉石效果,强度,硬度好,可以永久保持本身颜色,通透,制作难度小,不易仿制。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新型陶瓷技术领域,具体是涉及到一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法。
背景技术
氧化锆陶瓷是一种比较成熟的特种陶瓷技术,其具有高强度,高硬度.结构致密,化学稳定性好,摩擦系数低,韧性较好,使用在日用品时,质地较为美观。氧化锆陶瓷在使用时,一般添加氧化物,以稳定晶型,比较好的稳定剂为氧化钇。氧化锆陶瓷在烧结前需要添加有机物成型,以得到流动性好,粘度低,均匀性好,结合强度高的物料,由于添加了有机物,有机物中含有大量的高分子粘结剂,因此有机物的种类会直接影响脱脂工序,进而影响产品质量,常见的产品质量问题包括坯体变形,坯体形成气孔,影响强度等。
申请人在2007年申请了专利,公开号为CN 101100378A,名称为一种氧化锆陶瓷在日用品上的应用及其制造方法,其采用高密度氧化锆粉末注塑成型,首先将高密度氧化锆粉与有机粘结剂,按100份氧化锆粉末:10-30份有机粘结剂的比例称量,加温至160~180℃混练后置于注塑成型机内,然后在温度150℃~200℃、压力80~100MPa下注射进入模具,冷却凝固后再脱模,即可得到氧化锆日用品器具的坯体,再进行脱脂和烧结,得到高强度高韧性的氧化锆日用品器具,所述的有机粘结剂为石蜡,所述的有机粘结剂为聚乙烯或聚丙烯。
中国专利公开号为CN 101066874A的专利公开了一种氧化锆注塑成型方法及粉料有机载体,其有机载体为聚乙烯、聚丙烯、植物油、油酸、石蜡,其配比为聚乙烯10-30%、聚丙烯10-30%,植物油5-40%,油酸1-4%,石蜡5-50%。此方法制备得到的陶瓷主要为工业陶瓷,质感较差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,本申请得到的氧化锆陶瓷玉质感强,具有玉石效果,强度,硬度好,可以永久保持本身颜色,通透,制作难度小,不易仿制。
本发明的内容包括一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,步骤为,
将如下重量组分混合,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物80-86%,有机物14-20%,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物中,氧化锆和氧化钇的重量比为氧化锆94-95%,氧化钇5-6%(优选的,氧化锆和氧化钇的重量比为氧化锆94-94.2%,氧化钇5.8-6%);所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂40-60%,石蜡15-25%,聚丙烯10-20%,脂肪酸5-10%,分散剂0-5%;将上述得到的原料通过注塑成型,得到坯料,然后经过素烧和本烧烧制,抛光,得到氧化锆陶瓷。
所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂50%,石蜡20%,聚丙烯15%,脂肪酸10%,分散剂5%。
所述脂肪酸为硬脂酸或油酸,所述分散剂为分散剂CA(优选为分散剂CA-40或者CA-50)。
所述注塑成型的压力为0.3~0.5Mpa,温度为135~145℃,比如采用设备ZE1900-300。
所述素烧的烧成温度为500-1050℃,保温一段时间(优选为60-150min)后,冷却至室温。
所述本烧的烧成温度为1400-1550℃,保温一段时间(优选为60-150min)后,冷却至室温。
抛光后,还包括烤花步骤,烤花温度为750-850℃。
本发明的有益效果是,本申请限定了氧化锆和氧化钇的含量配比,整个原料中只添加氧化锆和氧化钇两种金属氧化物,不添加其他的金属氧化物;同时,本申请的有机物粘结剂中加入大量的丙烯酸树脂,相比于只加入聚丙烯或常规量的丙烯酸树脂,本申请在密度和韧性上都具有较好的提升,在脱脂处理时,即使不同部分的厚度存在差异,其脱脂时间的差异程度较小,可以有效减缓有机物的膨胀导致的变形,抑制裂纹的生成,有效提高性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的烧制的产品的扫描电镜图。
图2为本发明烧制的产品的外形图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,步骤为,
将如下重量组分混合,氧化锆80%,氧化钇5%,有机物15%;所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂50%,石蜡20%,聚丙烯15%,硬脂酸10%,分散剂CA 5%;将上述得到的原料通过注塑成型,得到坯料,所述注塑成型设备为ZE1900-300,所述注塑成型的压力为0.3~0.5Mpa,温度为135~145℃。
然后经过素烧和本烧烧制,所述素烧的烧成温度为800℃,保温100min后,冷却至室温。所述本烧的烧成温度为1500℃,保温100分钟,自然冷却,温度降到室温时,
然后进行抛光,抛光时,加入抛光粉氧化铝,然后放入烤花炉中进行烤花,印上产品要求的图案和文字后,得到氧化锆陶瓷。
得到的氧化锆陶瓷的SEM扫描电镜图如图1所示,产品外形图如图2所示。
实施例2
一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其原料由如下重量组分混合,氧化锆80%,氧化钇5%,有机物15%;所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂60%,石蜡15%,聚丙烯15%,硬脂酸8%,分散剂CA 2%,其他同实施例1相同。
对比例1
一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其原料由如下重量组分混合,氧化锆80%,氧化钇5%,有机物15%;所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,石蜡20%,聚丙烯65%,脂肪酸10%,分散剂CA5%,其他同实施例1相同。
对比例2
和实施例1相比,区别在于,其原料由如下重量组分混合,氧化锆75%,氧化钇3%,氧化铝3%,氧化钛2%,氧化镁2%,有机物15%,其他原料和步骤同实施例1相同。
测量实施例1-2、对比例1-2得到的氧化锆陶瓷的性能,得到如表1所示的性能数据
表1不同氧化锆陶瓷的性能数据
氧化锆 | 水含量wt% | 烧失量wt% | 松装密度g/cm<sup>3</sup> | 烧结密度g/cm<sup>3</sup> | 韧性MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup> |
实施例1 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 1.35 | 6.04 | 3.41 |
实施例2 | 0.32 | 0.38 | 1.37 | 6.09 | 3.43 |
对比例1 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 1.30 | 5.92 | 3.32 |
对比例2 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 1.26 | 5.85 | 3.31 |
通过表1的数据可以看出,本申请产品的水分含量低,密度高,韧性好。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的,并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子;在本公开的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本申请中一个或多个实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。
本申请中一个或多个实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此,凡在本申请中一个或多个实施例的精神和原则之内,所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,步骤为,
将如下重量组分混合,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物80-86%,有机物14-20%,氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物中,氧化锆和氧化钇的重量比为氧化锆94-95%,氧化钇5-6%;所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂40-60%,石蜡15-25%,聚丙烯10-20%,脂肪酸5-10%,分散剂0-5%;将上述得到的原料通过注塑成型,得到坯料,然后经过素烧和本烧烧制,抛光,得到氧化锆陶瓷;
所述素烧的烧成温度为500-1050℃,保温一段时间后,冷却至室温;
所述本烧的烧成温度为1400-1550℃,保温一段时间后,冷却至室温。
2.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,所述有机物由如下重量组分组成,丙烯酸树脂50%,石蜡20%,聚丙烯15%,脂肪酸10%,分散剂5%。
3.如权利要求1所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,所述脂肪酸为硬脂酸或油酸,所述分散剂为分散剂CA。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,所述注塑成型的压力为0.3~0.5Mpa,温度为135~145℃。
5.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,素烧的保温时间为60-150min。
6.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,本烧的保温时间为60-150min。
7.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的氧化锆陶瓷的制备方法,其特征是,抛光后,还包括烤花步骤,烤花温度为750-850℃。
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