CN113624600A - Functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixing device - Google Patents

Functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113624600A
CN113624600A CN202110824659.9A CN202110824659A CN113624600A CN 113624600 A CN113624600 A CN 113624600A CN 202110824659 A CN202110824659 A CN 202110824659A CN 113624600 A CN113624600 A CN 113624600A
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fixing
clamp
fixed
microfilament
pcb
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CN113624600B (en
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殷俊清
刘善
顾金芋
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Xian Polytechnic University
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Xian Polytechnic University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixing device, and belongs to the field of composite material testing. Including removing right mounting fixture, right removal anchor clamps, left mounting fixture, left removal anchor clamps, two-way roller bearing, go up PCB board and lower PCB board, fixed frame etc. wherein remove right mounting fixture, right removal anchor clamps, left mounting fixture, left removal anchor clamps, two-way roller bearing, go up PCB board and lower PCB board constitution and can dismantle local experimental apparatus. One end of the microfilament is fixed on the upper PCB, the other end of the microfilament is fixed on the lower PCB, when the drawing is completed, the bidirectional roller button is rotated to drive the right fixing clamp, the right moving clamp, the left fixing clamp and the left moving clamp to move inwards, the upper PCB and the lower PCB are synchronously clamped, the solid shape is realized, at the moment, the detachable local experiment device is placed in another clamping groove of the fixing frame, the subsequent bending shape loading is carried out, and the composite loading state of the material in real service is reflected.

Description

Functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixing device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite material testing, in particular to the field of functional microfilament materials.
Background
With the continuous development of functional microfilament materials, microfilament materials are applied to the fields of textiles, composite materials, three-dimensional weaving and the like, the diameter of a single microfilament is mostly in the micron order, and the microfilament is considered to be difficult to fix in a three-dimensional stress form and difficult to perform corresponding performance tests such as stretching, bending, twisting and the like. Secondly, in the performance test, the traditional test methods such as Zhao hong Wei (CN105181500B) and Tri Li Na (CN103926160B) design the in-situ test device to consider only the failure damage of the material in the two-dimensional form, and can not test and analyze the performance of the material in the three-dimensional form under the composite load state. Furthermore, the microwire inevitably has friction loss, and once the problems occur, the replacement of microwire materials in time becomes a necessary requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to realize the performance test of the microwire in the three-dimensional form, the test device and the modular structure of the microwire in the three-dimensional form under the composite load are designed, the stress state of the material in real service is reflected, the shape fixation can be realized after the composite load is applied, the performance test is convenient, the modular design is realized, the rapid disassembly and replacement of each part and the microwire material can be realized, and the sustainability of the performance test of the microwire material is ensured.
Technical scheme
A functional microfilament three-dimensional shaping device is characterized by comprising a transmission mechanism, a detachable local experiment device, a fixing mechanism, a tension sensor, a grating ruler, a transmission mechanism and a CCD camera; the microwire is fixed on can dismantling local experimental apparatus, but can dismantle local experimental apparatus level or vertical installation on fixed establishment, and drive mechanism is connected with can dismantling local experimental apparatus and drives can dismantle local experimental apparatus motion, tests the atress and the displacement of microwire respectively through force transducer, grating chi, observes the microcosmic morphological change of function microwire material in combined loading through the CCD camera.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the detachable local experimental device comprises a right fixed clamp, a right movable clamp, a left fixed clamp, a bidirectional roller, a left movable clamp, an upper PCB and a lower PCB; one end of the microfilament is fixed on the upper PCB, the other end of the microfilament is fixed on the lower PCB, the two sides of the upper PCB and the lower PCB are respectively clamped into the clamping grooves of the left moving clamp and the right moving clamp, the bidirectional roller sequentially passes through the unthreaded hole of the left fixing clamp, the threaded hole of the left moving clamp, the threaded hole of the right moving clamp and the unthreaded hole of the right fixing clamp, and the upper PCB and the lower PCB are fixed by rotating the left moving clamp and the right moving clamp which can be moved by the bidirectional roller.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the right fixing clamp, the right moving clamp, the left fixing clamp, the bidirectional roller and the left moving clamp are formed by 3D printing of photosensitive resin.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the fixed establishment include base, fixed plate, fixed frame, go up mounting fixture and mounting fixture down, the fixed plate is fixed on the base, fixed frame is fixed on the fixed plate, go up mounting fixture one end and connect and to dismantle local experimental apparatus, the upper end of fixed frame is connected to the other end, mounting fixture one end is connected and to dismantle local experimental apparatus down, the lower extreme of fixed frame is connected to the other end.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the fixed frame on be equipped with can dismantle local experimental apparatus complex draw-in groove, can dismantle local experimental apparatus level or vertically install on can dismantling local experimental apparatus.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the transmission mechanism comprises a motor, a speed reducer, two stages of worm gears, a worm, a ball screw, a movable sliding block, a rigid coupling I, a rigid coupling II and a rigid coupling III, the motor is connected with the speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with the worm through the rigid coupling III, the two worm gears are connected through a bearing, the worm is matched with one worm gear, the other worm gear is connected with the rigid coupling I on the ball screw, and the movable sliding block on the ball screw is connected with the rigid coupling II.
Advantageous effects
According to the functional microwire three-dimensional shape fixing device provided by the invention, a multi-shaft composite loading mode is considered, and the testing device can realize shape fixing after being subjected to composite load, so that the performance test is convenient; the CCD camera can observe the stress shape, deformation damage and failure damage of the microwire in real time, so that the correction is convenient; a multi-axis test mode is adopted to reflect the multi-axis stress state of the material in real service; the modularized design is realized, and the parts and the microwire materials can be quickly disassembled and replaced. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the device provided by the invention can be introduced into a three-dimensional weaving process by observing the microscopic morphological change of the functional microfilament material in composite loading through a CCD camera, and has important significance for nondestructive testing in the three-dimensional weaving process.
(2) The device comprises a right fixing clamp, a right moving clamp, a left fixing clamp, a bidirectional roller, a left moving clamp, an upper PCB and a lower PCB, wherein the right fixing clamp, the right moving clamp, the left fixing clamp, the bidirectional roller, the left moving clamp, the upper PCB and the lower PCB form a detachable local experimental device.
(3) When the stretching is completed, the bidirectional roller button is rotated to drive the movable right fixing clamp, the movable right clamp, the movable left clamp and the movable left clamp to move inwards, the upper PCB and the lower PCB are clamped synchronously to realize solid shape, the detachable local experiment device is placed in the other clamping groove of the fixed frame at the moment to perform subsequent bending shape loading, the composite loading state of the material in real service is reflected, the test of multiple performances of one device can be realized, the cost is saved, and the test efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention in a stretched state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the present invention in a bent state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a detachable experimental facility of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the base structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing plate of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower mounting fixture of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating scale connecting piece I of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the left stationary fixture of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the left moving clamp configuration of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the fixing frame structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a bi-directional roller structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a grating ruler connecting piece II of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the curved support structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the curved jack post configuration of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the two-way roller knob of the apparatus of the present invention;
1-base, 2-fixed rod base, 3-camera fixed rod, 4-right angle bracket, 5-worm gear, 6-rigid coupling I, 7-ball screw, 8-moving slide block, 9-connecting rod, 10-grating ruler connecting plate I, 11-CCD camera, 12-grating ruler, 13-right fixed clamp, 14-right moving clamp, 15-grating ruler base, 16-upper fixed clamp, 17-pulling pressure sensor, 18-universal joint, 19-fixed frame, 20-vertical aluminum frame, 21-upper fixed shaft, 22-horizontal aluminum frame, 23-fixed plate, 24-upper PCB, 25-left moving clamp, 26-bidirectional roller, 27-lower PCB, 28-left fixed clamp, 29-lower fixed clamp, 30-rigid coupling II, 31-motor base, 32-motor, 33-speed reducer, 34-rigid coupling III, 35-worm, 36-bearing seat, 37-bending support frame, 38-bending top column, 39-ball screw base, 40-grating ruler connecting plate II, 41-fixing rod and 42-bidirectional roller knob.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in the figures 1-3, the device of the invention comprises a base 1, a fixed rod base 2, a camera fixed rod 3, a right-angle bracket 4, a worm wheel 5, a rigid coupling I6, a ball screw 7, a movable slider 8, a connecting rod 9, a grating ruler connecting plate I10, a CCD camera 11, a grating ruler 12, a right fixed clamp 13, a right movable clamp 14, a grating ruler base 15, an upper fixed clamp 16, a tension and pressure sensor 17, a universal joint 18, a fixed frame 19, a vertical aluminum frame 20, an upper fixed shaft 21, a horizontal aluminum frame 22, a fixed plate 23, an upper PCB 24, a left fixed clamp 25, a bidirectional roller 26, a lower PCB 27, a left movable clamp 28, a lower fixed clamp 29, a rigid coupling II30, a motor base 31, a motor 32, a speed reducer 33, a rigid coupling III34, a worm 35, a bearing seat 36, a bent supporting frame 37, a bent top column 38, a ball screw base 39, a grating ruler connecting plate II40, a bent supporting plate 4, a worm wheel 5, a rigid coupling I6, a rigid coupling I8, a right fixed clamp 15, a right fixed clamp, a pull rod I8, a pull rod I, a pull pressure sensor, a pull, A fixing rod 41 and a bidirectional roller knob 42.
As shown in fig. 4, the detachable local experimental apparatus is composed of a right fixing clamp 13, a right moving clamp 14, a left fixing clamp 28, a bidirectional roller 26, a left moving clamp 25, an upper PCB 24, and a lower PCB 27 to implement a modular design. The right fixing clamp 13, the right moving clamp 14, the left fixing clamp 28, the bidirectional roller 26 and the left moving clamp 25 are formed by photosensitive resin 3D printing.
As shown in fig. 5, for the structural schematic diagram of base 1, be equipped with the draw-in groove that is used for installing fixed plate 23 on the intermediate position of base 1, after fixed plate 23 inserted the draw-in groove, use right angle bracket 4 and bolt reinforcement fixed plate 23 in four corner junctions, still fixed perpendicular aluminium type frame 20 on base 1, perpendicular aluminium type frame 20 is connected through horizontal aluminium type frame 22 and fixed plate 23 and plays the supporting role to fixed plate 23, prevents because of the influence of motor vibration to the experimental test. Still install dead lever base 2 on base 1, camera dead lever 3 is fixed in on dead lever base 2, is equipped with the slider that has the hole on the camera dead lever 3, and CCD camera 11 installs on the slider, and the upper and lower position of CCD camera 11 is adjusted to the position of accessible adjusting slider, and CCD camera is used for observing the microcosmic morphological change of function microfilament material in the combined loading. The base 1 is an aluminum plate.
As shown in fig. 6, the fixing plate 23 is a schematic structural diagram, and a circular groove and two rectangular grooves are distributed on the fixing plate, and threaded holes are formed in the grooves. The square-shaped groove is used for limiting four degrees of freedom of the fixing frame 19 in the front, back, left and right directions, and the thread hole in the groove is used for limiting two degrees of freedom in the up and down directions. In the same way, the two rectangular grooves and the threaded holes in the grooves are used for limiting six degrees of freedom of the grating ruler base 15 of the grating ruler 12. The fixing plate 23 is an aluminum plate.
As shown in fig. 7, which is a schematic structural diagram of the lower fixing clamp 29, the lower fixing clamp 29 is composed of a U-shaped structure and a connecting rod, two sides of the U-shaped structure are respectively provided with 3 holes, wherein the uppermost row of holes is used for fixing the lower PCB 27, and the tail end of the connecting rod is provided with a thread connected with the rigid coupling II 30. The structure of the upper fixing clamp 16 is the same as that of the lower fixing clamp 29, a connecting rod of the upper fixing clamp 16 is connected with a tension sensor 17, the tension sensor 17 is connected with a threaded hole at one end of a universal joint 18, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the universal joint 18, the threaded hole at the other end of the universal joint 18 is connected with an upper fixing shaft 21, and the universal joint 18 can enable a transmission unit to keep good coaxiality in the transmission process.
As shown in fig. 8, the structural schematic diagram of grating scale connecting plate I10, it is made up of grating scale mounting panel I and connecting plate I, grating scale 12 passes through the bolt and installs on grating scale mounting panel I, on the long board in the picture promptly, connecting plate I is the right angle folded plate and constitutes, short board in the picture promptly, connecting plate I is used for connecting lower mounting fixture 29, fix on the hole of one side of U type structure through the bolt, when lower mounting fixture 29 produced the displacement, drive grating scale 12 and move, grating scale 12's displacement volume is connected with external digital display, can gather tensile deformation volume. The grating ruler 12 is arranged on the grating ruler base 15 and can move relative to the grating ruler base 15 through a sliding rail. The grating scale connecting plate I10 is used in a stretching state.
As shown in fig. 9, the left fixing clamp 28 is a structural schematic diagram, which is in a convex shape, and is provided with 4 holes, the threaded hole at the uppermost end is connected with the bending support frame 37 through a bolt, the other three holes are distributed at the lower end, the middle is a unthreaded hole connected with the bidirectional roller 26 to facilitate the rotation of the bidirectional roller 26, and the threaded holes at the two sides are connected with the fixing rod 41 to fix the left fixing clamp 28 and the right fixing clamp 13. The structure of the right fixing jig 13 is identical to that of the left fixing jig 28.
As shown in fig. 10, it is a schematic structural view of the left moving clamp 25, which has 3 holes corresponding to the lower end of the left fixing clamp 28, a threaded hole in the middle, and two light holes on two sides. And the upper end is provided with two bulges, and the middle of the bulges is provided with a clamping groove for installing the upper PCB 24 and the lower PCB 27. The fixing rod 41 has threads on both sides and a smooth surface in the middle, and the fixing rod 41 sequentially passes through a threaded hole on one side of the left fixing clamp 28, a smooth hole on one side of the left moving clamp 25, a smooth hole on one side of the right moving clamp 14, and finally passes through a threaded hole of the right fixing clamp 13. In the same way, the other side is sequentially connected through another fixing rod. The structure of the right moving jig 14 is identical to that of the left moving jig 25.
As shown in fig. 11, a screw hole is formed at the bottom of the fixing frame 19, and the screw hole is connected with a through hole in a rectangular groove of the fixing plate 23 by a bolt, for a structural schematic view of the fixing frame 19. Holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the fixing frame 19, the upper end hole is used for fixing the universal joint 18, the lower end hole is used for installing a lower fixing clamp 29, and long clamping grooves and short clamping grooves are symmetrically formed in the two sides of the fixing frame 19 and are used for transverse fixing and vertical fixing of the left fixing clamp 28. The fixing frame 19 is made of aluminum.
As shown in fig. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of the bidirectional roller 26, two threads are provided in the middle, an open slot for matching with the bidirectional roller knob 42 is provided at one end, and the bidirectional roller 26 sequentially passes through holes in the middle of the left fixing clamp 28, the left moving clamp 25, the right moving clamp 14, and the right fixing clamp 13. Rotating the bi-directional roller knob 42 allows the left and right moving clamps 25 and 14 to move for clamping the upper and lower PCB boards 24 and 27.
As shown in fig. 13, a structural schematic diagram of grating ruler connecting plate II40, constitute by grating ruler mounting panel II and connecting plate II, grating ruler 12 passes through the bolt and installs on grating ruler mounting panel II, on the drawing broad slab promptly, connecting plate II is straight board and constitutes, the narrow board in the drawing promptly, connecting plate II is used for connecting crooked fore-set 38, on the hole through the fixed crooked fore-set 38 of bolt, when crooked fore-set 38 produced the displacement, drive grating ruler 12 and move, grating ruler 12's displacement volume is connected with external digital display, can gather the bending deformation volume. The grating ruler connecting plate II40 is used in a bending form.
As shown in fig. 14, which is a schematic structural diagram of the bending support frame 37, a through hole is formed in the upper cylindrical portion of the bending support frame 37, and the bending support post 38 penetrates through the through hole to bend the microwire. Both sides of the long end of the bending support frame 37 are provided with threaded holes, which are respectively connected with the threaded holes on the convex shapes of the left fixing clamp 28 and the right fixing clamp 13 through bolts, as shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 15, which is a schematic structural view of the bending top pillar 38, one end of the bending top pillar 38 is a screw, and in the state of fig. 3, the force is measured by connecting the bending top pillar 38 with the screw hole of the tension/pressure sensor 17. And one end close to the screw thread is provided with a hole which is connected with a hole on the grating ruler connecting plate II40 through a bolt, and the bending top column 38 moves to drive the grating ruler 12 to move so as to obtain displacement. The other end of the curved top pillar 38 is provided with a hollow square lattice which can roughly test the displacement without the grating ruler 12.
As shown in fig. 16, which is a schematic structural view of the bidirectional roller knob, a flat rectangular block is disposed in a cylindrical portion of the bidirectional roller knob 42, and is engaged with a corresponding opening slot of the bidirectional roller 26, and the bidirectional roller knob 42 is rotated to drive the bidirectional roller 26 to rotate, thereby realizing synchronous tightening of the movable clamp.
The upper PCB 24 and the lower PCB 27 are directly contacted portions of functional microwires, the upper ends of the microwires are fixed on the upper PCB 24 (in this embodiment, a soldering method is adopted), and the lower ends of the microwires are fixed on the lower PCB 27 (in this embodiment, a soldering method is adopted). The two sides of the upper PCB 24 and the lower PCB 27 are respectively clamped into the clamping grooves of the left moving clamp 25 and the right moving clamp 14, the bidirectional roller 26 sequentially passes through the unthreaded hole of the left fixing clamp 28, the threaded hole of the left moving clamp 25, the threaded hole of the right moving clamp 14 and the unthreaded hole in the middle of the right fixing clamp 13, and the threaded holes at the two sides are connected by using the fixing rod 41.
The long edges of the right moving clamp 14 and the left moving clamp 28 are respectively clamped into the long clamping grooves of the fixing frame 19, the upper PCB 24 is fixed with the upper fixing clamp 16, the lower PCB 27 is fixed with the lower fixing clamp 29, and the lower fixing clamp 29 moves linearly to drive the lower PCB 27 to move, so that the function of drawing the microwire is realized. At the same time, the tension and pressure sensor 17 connected to the upper fixture 16 will also generate force variations and collect force data on an external digital transducer. Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure in a stretched state.
When the stretching is completed, the button of the bidirectional roller 26 is rotated to drive the movable right fixing clamp 13, the movable right clamp 14, the movable left clamp 25 and the movable left clamp 28 to move inwards, so as to synchronously clamp the upper PCB 24 and the lower PCB 27, and thus the shape fixing is realized, as shown in the schematic structural diagram of the fixing device shown in fig. 2.
The detachable local experimental device is taken out from the long clamping groove of the fixed frame 19, rotated by 90 degrees, the short sides of the right movable clamp 14 and the left movable clamp 25 are respectively clamped into the short clamping grooves of the fixed frame 19, the pulling pressure sensor 17 is detached and connected with the movable sliding block 8 through the connecting rod 9, the pulling pressure sensor 17 is connected with the bent top pillar 38, at the moment, the grating ruler connecting plate I10 is replaced by the grating ruler connecting plate II40, the grating ruler connecting plate II is connected with the bent top pillar 38 and penetrates through the bent supporting frame 37 with the hole, and bending form loading is carried out. The overall structure of the bent state is schematically shown in fig. 3. The ball screw 7 drives the movable slide block 8 to move, so that the bending top column 38 penetrates through the bending support frame 37 with the hole to realize the bending state of the stretching state, and a composite loading mode is formed. Meanwhile, the grating scale connecting plate II40 drives the grating scale 10 to generate displacement, and the tension and pressure sensor 17 also generates force.
The transmission mechanism comprises a motor 32, a speed reducer 33, a two-stage worm wheel 5, a worm 35, a rigid coupling I6, a rigid coupling II30 and a rigid coupling III34, wherein the motor 32 is connected with the speed reducer 33, the speed reducer 33 is connected with the worm 35 through the rigid coupling III34, the rear side of the worm 35 is matched with the worm wheel 5, a bearing which is connected with the worm wheel 5 and is provided with the worm 35 penetrates through a bearing seat 36 to be matched with the other worm wheel 5, and the bearing seat is provided with a through hole which is connected with a hole on a fixing plate 23 through a bolt. The other worm wheel 5 is connected with a rigid coupling I6 on the ball screw 7, a threaded hole on a movable sliding block 8 on the ball screw 7 is connected with a rigid coupling II30 through a connecting rod 9 with threads at two ends, and a through hole at the bottom of the ball screw 7 and a through hole on the ball screw base 39 are fixed on the fixing plate 23 through bolts.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. A functional microfilament three-dimensional shaping device is characterized by comprising a transmission mechanism, a detachable local experiment device, a fixing mechanism, a tension sensor, a grating ruler, a transmission mechanism and a CCD camera; the microwire is fixed on can dismantling local experimental apparatus, but can dismantle local experimental apparatus level or vertical installation on fixed establishment, and drive mechanism is connected with can dismantling local experimental apparatus and drives can dismantle local experimental apparatus motion, tests the atress and the displacement of microwire respectively through force transducer, grating chi, observes the microcosmic morphological change of function microwire material in combined loading through the CCD camera.
2. The functional microwire three-dimensional shape-fixing device according to claim 1, wherein said detachable local experimental device comprises a right fixing jig (13), a right moving jig (14), a left fixing jig (25), a bidirectional roller (26), a left moving jig (28), an upper PCB (24) and a lower PCB (27); one end of each microfilament is fixed on the upper PCB (24), the other end of each microfilament is fixed on the lower PCB (27), the two sides of the upper PCB (24) and the lower PCB (27) are respectively clamped into clamping grooves of the left moving clamp (25) and the right moving clamp (14), the bidirectional roller (26) sequentially penetrates through a unthreaded hole of the left fixing clamp (28), a threaded hole of the left moving clamp (25), a threaded hole of the right moving clamp (14) and a unthreaded hole of the right fixing clamp (13), and the upper PCB (24) and the lower PCB (27) are fixed by rotating the bidirectional roller (26) to move the left moving clamp (25) and the right moving clamp (14).
3. The functional microfilament three-dimensional solid device according to claim 2, characterized in that said right fixture (13), right movable fixture (14), left fixture (28), bidirectional roller (26), left movable fixture (25) are made by 3D printing with photosensitive resin.
4. The functional microwire three-dimensional shape fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a base (1), a fixing plate (23), a fixing frame (19), an upper fixing clamp (16) and a lower fixing clamp (29), the fixing plate (23) is fixed on the base (1), the fixing frame (19) is fixed on the fixing plate (23), one end of the upper fixing clamp (16) is connected with the detachable local experimental device, the other end of the upper fixing clamp is connected with the upper end of the fixing frame (19), one end of the lower fixing clamp (29) is connected with the detachable local experimental device, and the other end of the lower fixing clamp is connected with the lower end of the fixing frame (19).
5. The functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixation device according to claim 4, characterized in that said fixation frame (19) is provided with a slot for engaging with a detachable local experimental device, which can be horizontally or vertically mounted on the detachable local experimental device.
6. The functional microfilament three-dimensional shape fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission mechanism comprises a motor (32), a speed reducer (33), two-stage worm gears (5), a worm (35), a ball screw (7), a moving slider (8), a rigid coupling I (6), a rigid coupling II (30) and a rigid coupling III (34), the motor (32) is connected with the speed reducer (33), the speed reducer (33) is connected with the worm (35) through the rigid coupling III (34), the two worm gears (5) are connected through a bearing, the worm (35) is matched with one worm gear (5), the other worm gear (5) is connected with the rigid coupling I (6) on the ball screw (7), and the moving slider (8) on the ball screw (7) is connected with the rigid coupling II (30).
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