CN113598171A - Melon and fruit vegetable fruit expanding agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Melon and fruit vegetable fruit expanding agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113598171A CN113598171A CN202110997918.8A CN202110997918A CN113598171A CN 113598171 A CN113598171 A CN 113598171A CN 202110997918 A CN202110997918 A CN 202110997918A CN 113598171 A CN113598171 A CN 113598171A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fruit swelling agent for melons, fruits, vegetables and fruits and application thereof. The application of methionine in promoting fruit enlargement and quality improvement of fruits and vegetables. A fruit swelling agent for melon and fruit vegetables comprises methionine 2-200mg/L as effective component; preferably, 2-200mg/L methionine is used as the effective component. The invention uses single biochemical reagent methionine to promote the growth and development of melon, fruit and vegetable plants under weak light, and simultaneously can promote the expansion of fruits under weak light. Moreover, the content of soluble solid matters in the fruits treated by methionine is obviously increased, the content of titratable acid is obviously reduced, and the quality of the fruits is obviously improved. Because methionine is amino acid in plants, the method is pollution-free and non-toxic and harmless to human bodies, and can be applied to green production of facility melon and fruit vegetables in early spring and late autumn. The method is simple to operate, the effect of promoting fruit enlargement is stable and remarkable, and the synergy is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biochemical reagent application, and particularly relates to a melon, fruit, vegetable and fruit expanding agent and application thereof.
Background
Fruits and vegetables are glary crops, and are often subjected to weak light stress in facility cultivation in early spring and autumn, so that the growth and development of the fruits are seriously influenced, particularly, the fruits of the fruits and vegetables are difficult to expand under weak light, the yield and the quality of the fruits and vegetables are seriously influenced, and the income of farmers is further influenced. Weak light has become one of the important environmental factors for the success of melon and fruit vegetable cultivation in early spring and autumn.
In the prior production, the phenomenon that melons, fruits and vegetables cannot be normally swelled under weak light is often solved by using a fruit swelling agent. The "swelling agent" is one kind of plant growth regulator. Forchlorfenuron (commonly known as "swelling agent" and "Daguoling") belongs to phenylurea derivatives, is a plant growth regulator with the function of promoting cell division, has the same action mechanism as cytokinin (6-BA), but has 10-100 times higher activity, and is widely applied to agricultural production. The main function of the plant growth regulator is to promote the division and expansion of cells and also to greatly promote the formation of organs and the synthesis of proteins, so the plant growth regulator is widely applied to various crops. Research shows that when the watermelon blooms, the 0.1 percent soluble liquid of forchlorfenuron is smeared on the watermelon stem, which can stimulate the growth, obviously improve the fruit setting rate of the watermelon, improve the yield and simultaneously increase the contents of watermelon sugar and vitamin C[1]. In recent years, a variety of negative reports about the use of the expanding agent emerge, and excessive use of the expanding agent affects the safety of fruits and vegetables and also easily causes fruit cracking of the fruits and vegetables. Although it can not regulate the growth and development of human body, it is also an artificially synthesized compound with a certain toxicity, and the long-term excessive contact with forchlorfenuron can cause the disturbance of protein metabolism in vivo, mild emphysema and emaciation. Thus, there is an increasing call for consumers to disable bulking agents.
Amino acids are well known pure natural bioaccelerators that have a positive effect on plant growth, yield, and can significantly mitigate damage caused by abiotic stress. The application of the amino acid foliar fertilizer is the supplement and extension of soil fertilization, promotes the three-dimensional process of the fertilization, strengthens the nutrition regulation capability of plants, is a measure with low cost and high benefit, can rapidly supplement the plant nutrition, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, can promote the stable metabolism of the nutrients in the plants, enhances the stress resistance of crops, improves the yield, improves the quality, reduces the fixed loss of the soil to the nutrients, and is an effective way for increasing the income and saving the expenditure. However, most of the production applications are compound amino acid fertilizers. The application of the single amino acid in production is rarely reported, and the application of the exogenous amino acid to fruit enlargement under low light is not reported.
Studies have shown that methionine can provide sulfur and nitrogen to plants. Methionine metabolism begins with its activation to S-adenosylmethionine, a very versatile cofactor that plays a role in many other aspects, such as methyl transfer, 5' -deoxyadenosine transfer, polyamine synthesis and plant ethylene synthesis[2]. Secondly, it plays an important role in maintaining the protein structure required for cell division, cell growth and differentiation. In addition, L-methionine can expand its ability to be converted into polyamines by entering the hormone structure[3]Thereby allowing nitrogen to move between cells and organs[4]。
L-methionine as carbon and energy source for improving photosynthesis of plant[5]Simultaneously participates in the biosynthesis of cytokinin, brassinosteroid and auxin, and promotes the growth of roots; make the plants absorb more nutrients[6-7]And promote the growth and development of root hair at the optimum level[8]At the same time, spermidine and gibberellin[6,9]And plant growth regulators and a number of secondary metabolites[9]A precursor of (2).
However, whether methionine can promote fruit enlargement of melons and fruits under weak light is not reported.
Reference documents:
[1] assessment of dietary intake risk of forchlorfenuron residues in fruits and vegetables [ J ] chinese agricultural science, 2012, 45 (10): 1982-1991.
[2].Brosnan J.T.,Brosnan M.E.The sulfur-containing amino acids:an overview.J.Nutr.,2006,136:1636S-1640S.6.
[3].Kakkar,R.,Nagar,P.,Ahuja,P.,Rai,V.Polyamines and plant morphogenesis.Biologia Plantarum,2000,43:1-11.
[4].Padgett,P.E.,Leonard,R.T.Free amino acid levels and the regulation of nitrate uptake in maize cell suspension cultures.Journal of Experimental Botany,1996,47:871-883.
[5].Shafeek,M.,Helmy,Y.,Magda,A.et al.Response of onion plants to foliar application of sources and levels of some amino acid under sandy soil conditions.Journal of Applied Sciences Research,2012,8:5521-5527.
[6].Davies,P.J.Plant Hormones:Biosynthesis,Signal Transduction,Action.Springer Science&Business Media 2004.
[7].El-Awadi M.,Fawzy Z.,El-Nemr,M.Response of Snap Bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)Plants to nitrogen fertilizer and foliar application with methionine and tryptophan.Nature and Science,2011,9:87-94.
[8].Romero,I.,Téllez,J.,Yamanaka,L.E.et al.Transsulfuration is an active pathway for cysteine biosynthesis in Trypanosoma rangeli.Parasites&Vectors,2014,7:197.
[9].Shekari,G.,Javanmardi,J.Effects of Foliar Application Pure Amino Acid and Amino Acid Containing Fertilizer on Broccoli(Brassica oleracea L.var.italica)Transplant.Adv.Crop Sci.Tech.,2017,5:280.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the effect of the 'puffed fruit' is unstable or the quality is reduced in the prior art, and provides the application of methionine in fruit and vegetable fruit expansion.
The invention also aims to provide the fruit expanding agent for the melon and fruit vegetables.
The invention also aims to provide a method for promoting fruit enlargement of melons, fruits, vegetables and fruits.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the application of methionine in promoting fruit enlargement and quality improvement of fruits and vegetables.
Preferably, the methionine is applied to promoting fruit enlargement and quality improvement of melons, fruits, vegetables and fruits under weak light, wherein the weak light refers to illumination under the conditions of continuous rainy (snowy) weather, haze and other weather, artificial shading by a shading net and the like for 40% -60%, and the like.
A fruit swelling agent for melon and fruit vegetables comprises methionine 2-200mg/L as effective component; preferably, 2-200mg/L methionine is used as the effective component.
Preferably, the soil temperature 20 is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5 volume percent.
The melon and fruit vegetable fruit expanding agent disclosed by the invention is applied to promoting the fruit expansion of melon and fruit vegetables.
A method for fruit expansion of melon and fruit vegetables comprises spraying methionine solution one week before pollination of melon and fruit vegetables until fruit is mature.
Preferably, the melon and fruit vegetable swelling agent is sprayed one week before pollination of melon and fruit vegetables.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the interval of spraying is 3 to 30 days.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the interval of spraying is 3 to 15 days, and more preferably 7 to 10 days.
As a preferred method of the invention, the spraying method is spraying on the leaf surfaces of plants, and spraying leaves near fruit setting is emphasized.
As a preferred choice of the invention, 10-20ml of each plant is sprayed.
Has the advantages that:
the invention uses single biochemical reagent methionine to promote the growth and development of melon, fruit and vegetable plants under weak light, and simultaneously can promote the expansion of fruits under weak light. Moreover, the content of soluble solid matters in the fruits treated by methionine is obviously increased, the content of titratable acid is obviously reduced, and the quality of the fruits is obviously improved. Because methionine is amino acid in plants, the method is pollution-free and non-toxic and harmless to human bodies, and can be applied to green production of facility melon and fruit vegetables in early spring and late autumn. The method is simple to operate, the effect of promoting fruit enlargement is stable and remarkable, and the synergy is obvious.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims, and that other alternatives, which may occur to those skilled in the art, are within the scope of the claims. The methionine solution in the examples had the following composition: methionine 2-200mg/L, and Tween 20 0.1% (by volume).
Example 1:
taking Su-Mi No. 9 watermelon as a test material, performing a test in a plastic greenhouse with the width of 8 meters, setting two illumination levels of natural illumination and shading of 50 percent, and setting three levels of 2, 20 and 200mg/L for the concentration of methionine. Transplanting when 3 true leaves of watermelon seedlings are planted, cultivating by adopting a plastic bucket with the height of 26.5cm and the diameter of 31cm, wherein the cultivation medium is cassava residue: peat: vermiculite 2:1: 1. Shading treatment is carried out one week before watermelon pollination, methionine is sprayed at the same time, the spraying interval time is 7 days, and management of fertilizer, water and the like is conventional management. After the watermelon is ripe, the quality of the watermelon fruit and various indexes of plant growth are measured.
The results show that the shading treatment seriously influences the development and expansion of watermelon fruits, and the weight, the longitudinal and transverse diameters and the circumferential length of each watermelon under 50 percent shading are obviously lower than those of each treatment by natural illumination. The influence trends of methionine with different concentration levels on the fruit shape indexes under two illumination levels are similar, the application of the methionine can obviously promote the fruit of watermelon to expand and develop, and the fruit shape indexes show the trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing along with the increase of the methionine concentration. Shading reduces the soluble solids content of watermelon, as opposed to the titratable acid content. Under two illumination levels, the soluble solid content of the watermelon fruits can be obviously increased by spraying methionine with different concentrations, but the increase range under the shading level is higher than that under natural illumination. When the concentration of methionine is 2-20mg/L, the watermelon fruit expansion and the promotion effect of the shape index and the quality index of the watermelon fruit are better under two illumination levels (Table 1).
Shade influences the growth of watermelon plants, and the plant height, stem thickness, root length, leaf number and overground and underground fresh weight of the watermelon plants are obviously reduced. The influence of 2-200mg/L methionine on the growth and development indexes of plants is similar in performance under two illumination levels, basically shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, but the plant height of the plants under shade shows a trend of increasing continuously along with the increase of the concentration of methionine. On the whole, 2-20mg/L methionine has better promotion effect on the growth and development of plants under two illumination conditions (Table 2).
TABLE 1 Effect of different concentrations of methionine treatment on watermelon fruit under different light conditions
TABLE 2 Effect of different methionine concentrations on watermelon plant growth under different light conditions
Example 2:
the 'Sumi No. 9' watermelon is used as a test material, and a test is carried out in a plastic greenhouse with the width of 8 meters, the illumination condition is that the shade is 50 percent, the concentration of the methionine is 20mg/L, the Tween 20 is contained by 0.1 percent (volume ratio), and the spraying interval time is set at four levels of 3 days, 7 days, 14 days and 30 days. Transplanting when 3 true leaves of watermelon seedlings are planted, cultivating by adopting a plastic bucket with the height of 26.5cm and the diameter of 31cm, wherein the cultivation medium is cassava residue: peat: and (3) vermiculite is 2:1:1, shading treatment is carried out one week before watermelon pollination, methionine is sprayed at the same time, and management of fertilizer water and the like is conventional management. After the watermelon is ripe, the quality of the watermelon fruit and various indexes of plant growth are measured.
The results show that the influence of different methionine spraying intervals on watermelon fruits under weak light is obvious, the weight of a single watermelon and the contents of longitudinal channels and soluble solids of the watermelon tend to increase firstly and then decrease with the increase of the spraying time, and the longitudinal diameter and the circumferential length of the watermelon tend to increase firstly and then decrease and then increase. The titratable acid tends to decrease and then increase as the spraying time increases. In conclusion, the effect of spraying methionine (20mg/L) at intervals of 7-14 days is better (Table 3).
TABLE 3 Effect of different spraying intervals of methionine (20mg/L) on watermelon fruits under low light
Example 3:
the test was carried out in a plastic greenhouse 8 m wide using sheep horn honey (Kagaku) and melon (Japanese Diamond sweet treasure) as test materials under natural illumination conditions with 20mg/L methionine concentration and 0.1% (by volume) Tween 20. Transplanting 3 true leaves of seedlings, adopting a lower digging groove type cultivation mode to cultivate, wherein the cultivation medium is cassava dregs: peat: spraying methionine one week before pollination of watermelon, and managing fertilizer, water and the like as conventional management. And (3) spraying methionine every 7 days, and determining the fruit shape and quality index after the watermelon is ripe.
The results show that the methionine sprayed at intervals of 7 days can obviously promote the fruit enlargement of the goat horn honey and the melon and the growth of the length, the transverse diameter, the circumference and the weight of a single melon. Meanwhile, the spraying of methionine (20mg/L) can remarkably promote the content of soluble solids of the cavel honey and the melon to be increased, and can remarkably reduce the content of titratable acid, so that the quality of the fruit is better (Table 4).
TABLE 4 Effect of methionine (20mg/L) on other fruits and vegetables
Claims (10)
1. The application of methionine in promoting fruit enlargement and quality improvement of fruits and vegetables.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the methionine is used for promoting fruit enlargement and quality improvement of fruits and vegetables under the condition of weak light, and the weak light refers to continuous rainy or snowy weather, haze weather and illumination under 40-60% of artificial shading.
3. A fruit swelling agent for melon and fruit vegetables is characterized in that methionine of 2-200mg/L is used as an effective component; preferably, 2-20mg/L methionine is used as the effective component.
4. The melon, fruit, vegetable and fruit expanding agent of claim 3, further comprising a soil temperature 20 with a volume percentage of 0.1% -0.5%.
5. The use of the melon and fruit vegetable fruit swelling agent of claim 3 or 4 in promoting the swelling of melon and fruit vegetable fruits.
6. A method for fruit expansion of melon and fruit vegetables is characterized in that a methionine solution is sprayed until fruits are mature one week before pollination of the melon and fruit vegetables.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the melon and fruit vegetable fruit swelling agent as claimed in claim 3 or 4 is sprayed on the melon and fruit vegetable one week before pollination.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the spraying is performed at intervals of 3 to 30 days, preferably 3 to 15 days, more preferably 7 to 14 days.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the spraying method is spraying on the foliage of the plants, and the leaves near the fruit setting are sprayed with emphasis.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein 10-20ml of each plant is sprayed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023153566A1 (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-08-17 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition containing amino acids for accelerating fruit ripening |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023153566A1 (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-08-17 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition containing amino acids for accelerating fruit ripening |
| KR20230120482A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-08-17 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition for accelerating fruit ripening containing amino acids |
| KR20230132759A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-09-18 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition for accelerating fruit ripening containing amino acids |
| KR102615676B1 (en) | 2022-02-09 | 2023-12-19 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition for accelerating fruit ripening containing amino acids |
| KR102615675B1 (en) | 2022-02-09 | 2023-12-19 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Composition for accelerating fruit ripening containing amino acids |
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