CN110896953B - Composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates - Google Patents
Composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates Download PDFInfo
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- CN110896953B CN110896953B CN201911336565.6A CN201911336565A CN110896953B CN 110896953 B CN110896953 B CN 110896953B CN 201911336565 A CN201911336565 A CN 201911336565A CN 110896953 B CN110896953 B CN 110896953B
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- abscisic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates. The composition consists of abscisic acid and uniconazole in a mass ratio of 1:5-1: 100. experiments show that the composition consisting of the abscisic acid and the uniconazole can promote the transportation and accumulation of plant assimilates and improve the yield of plants, and compared with the traditional fruit swelling agent, the composition disclosed by the invention can promote the fruit swelling and simultaneously improve the sugar content and weight of the fruits, so that the fruit quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a composition for promoting transportation and accumulation of plant assimilates.
Background
Higher plant organs have a clear division of labor, leaves are the main places for photosynthesis and synthesis of assimilates, and the assimilates required by each organ and tissue of the plant are mainly supplied by the leaves. Clearly, there must be a course of transport from the assimilatory producing organ ("source") to the consuming organ or storage organ ("sink"). From agricultural practice, transportation of assimilates is an important factor in determining low yield, because even though photosynthesis forms a large amount of assimilates and the biomass yield is high, humans need economically valuable parts (such as wheat, rice, peanut seeds, potato tubers, sugarcane stalks, fruit of fruit trees, etc.), and if the yield (i.e., economic yield) of these parts is not high, the goal of high yield cannot be achieved. Changing from higher biological yields to higher economic yields, there is a problem with transportation of the assimilates, i.e. distribution of the assimilates.
Uniconazole (S-3307) is a triazole agrochemical, a CYP450 oxidase inhibitor, and is mainly used to block gibberellin synthesis to promote plant dwarfing. Meanwhile, the method has certain influence on the flower bud differentiation and photosynthesis of plants, and promotes the synthesis of chlorophyll a of leaves so as to make the leaves green.
Aba (abscisic acid), a chinese name abscisic acid or abscisic acid, is an endogenous hormone widely present in plants, and is widely known for its action on plant stress resistance expression by inducing stomatal closure. In fact, abscisic acid shows complex physiological activity characteristics in plants, such as promoting seed maturation and dormancy, inhibiting seed germination; inducing bud dormancy; promoting the falling off of leaves, flowers and fruits; inducing stomata to close; participating in stress reaction; regulating root hair elongation growth, and the like. The antagonism of the elicitor and other endogenous hormones in plants is shown, further complicating the expression of the crop physiological activities of the elicitor.
In the past, the extraction cost of the antibiotics is high, so that the application and development of agricultural production are greatly limited. In recent years, with the development of industrial fermentation and synthesis technology, the production cost of the abscisic acid is lower and lower, and the commercial value is effectively improved. The abscisic acid exists in cis-trans forms, namely S-abscisic acid and R-abscisic acid, and the sensitivity of plant bodies to the cis-abscisic acid is far higher than that of the R-abscisic acid, so that the S-abscisic acid is applied in the agricultural field on a large scale.
WO/2007/008580 proposes a method for inhibiting oxidation inactivation of abscisic acid by using triazole compounds (such as diniconazole, uniconazole, paclobutrazol and the like) based on oxidation inactivation of abscisic acid so as to improve the physiological activities of abscisic acid on plants, such as stress resistance characteristics of cold resistance, drought resistance and the like. WO/2007/008580 has limitations on the development of abscisic acid, while ignoring the influence of triazole compounds on the physiological effects of plants themselves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates.
The assimilate mainly refers to organic matters obtained by plants through photosynthesis, such as triose, glucose, fructose, galactose, starch, sucrose and the like.
The composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates provided by the invention comprises abscisic acid and uniconazole.
In the composition, the mass ratio of the abscisic acid to the uniconazole can be as follows: 1:5-1: 100, respectively;
preferably, the mass ratio of the abscisic acid to the uniconazole can be as follows: 1:5-1:50, 1:5-1:10, 1:5-1: 20, 1: 10-1:20, 1: 20-1:50, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, or 1: 50;
the abscisic acid can be S-abscisic acid.
The composition is prepared into various dosage forms by adding a surfactant, a carrier, an auxiliary agent and the like in addition to the abscisic acid and the uniconazole.
The preparation can be water aqua, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, soluble granules, water dispersible granules, suspending agent, soluble liquid, oil suspending agent, tablets or effervescent granules, and the appropriate concentration of effective components (the abscisic acid and the uniconazole) in the preparation is as follows: 0.1 to 60wt%, specifically 0.5 to 15 wt%, 0.6 to 5.1 wt%, 2 to 52 wt%, 11 to 21 wt%.
The invention also provides application of the composition in promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates.
In the application, the promotion of plant assimilate transport accumulation is represented by the following steps: increasing the yield of the plant;
the improving the yield of the plant can be more specifically: promoting fruit expansion and simultaneously improving the sugar content and weight of the fruit.
The plant can be fruit tree, more specifically grape and apple.
The invention also provides a method for promoting the transportation and accumulation of plant assimilates.
The method for promoting the transportation and accumulation of the plant assimilate substances comprises the following steps: applying the composition to the early stage of the development of the reproductive organs or storage organs of plants;
preferably, the composition is used in the young fruit period of the fruit tree.
Experiments show that the composition consisting of the abscisic acid and the uniconazole can promote the transportation and accumulation of plant assimilates and improve the yield of plants, and compared with the traditional fruit swelling agent, the composition disclosed by the invention can promote the fruit swelling and simultaneously improve the sugar content and weight of the fruits, so that the fruit quality is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 preparation of wettable powders of abscisic acid uniconazole
1 percent of abscisic acid, 10 percent of uniconazole, 8 percent of sodium lignosulphonate, 1 percent of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and light calcium carbonate to make up to 100 percent.
Example 2 preparation of a suspension of abscisic acid-uniconazole
0.1% of abscisic acid, 4.5% of uniconazole, 1% of SP2600, 2% of SP2700, 0.2% of xanthan gum, 0.7% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 4% of glycol, 0.3% of sodium benzoate, 0.2% of antifoaming agent XP-02 and 100% of water.
Example 3 preparation of a lure-uniconazole solution
0.1 percent of abscisic acid, 4.5 percent of uniconazole, 20 percent of acetone, 5 percent of RH-05 and ethanol for supplementing 100 percent.
Test one: elicitor and uniconazole grape double-increase test
1. Test conditions
And (3) test crops: grapes; the variety Kyoho. The cultivation conditions of the test fields are consistent, and the watering and fertilizing are unified.
Test site: hebei province, Xinji city old town.
2. Design and arrangement of experiments
The method for preparing the lure-uniconazole soluble solution in example 3 was followed to prepare the lure-uniconazole soluble solution required for the experiment according to the following component ratios.
And (3) test cell: each row was 20m long as a cell and each process was repeated four times.
The application method comprises the following steps: the method of applying the pesticide by spraying stems and leaves is adopted, and the pesticide is applied at the initial stage of fruit swelling.
3. Test investigation method
In the grape harvesting period, 5 grapes are randomly selected from each cell, the bunch weight, the fruit diameter and the sugar content of 2 bunches of grapes are randomly investigated for each grape, and the average value is calculated. Whether the growth phase is advanced or delayed compared to a placebo. Checking whether the pesticide has phytotoxicity on crops, and recording the type and the degree of the phytotoxicity. In addition, beneficial effects on the crop were noted. The DPS software was used for statistical analysis.
4. Results and analysis
Grape tests show that at a 5% obvious level, the use of the abscisic acid and the uniconazole has no obvious influence on the size of the grapes and little influence on the weight, but the sugar content of the grapes can be obviously improved; at the 1% significant level, the effect of abscisic acid and uniconazole on grapes remained consistent with the 5% level, and the effect of uniconazole on grapes was relatively superior to that of S-abscisic acid, presumably related to the difference in the concentration of the active ingredient of S-abscisic acid. The two compositions show obvious difference with a control group in size, sugar content and weight, and obviously improve the size and weight of fruits except that the sugar content and single-agent treatment are basically kept consistent. Proves that besides sucrose, other assimilation substances are also accumulated in a large amount, the preparation factors of the formula are comprehensively considered, and the treatment performance of 2-5 is relatively good.
The extensive use of abscisic acid in coloring, wangming, etc. and Yuan-David studies on grapes have all demonstrated that abscisic acid has no significant effect in promoting fruit enlargement (Yuan-David. 5% S-abscisic acid aqua has an effect on coloring and fruit quality during storage of Kyoho grapes [ J ]. China and foreign grapes and wine, 2013. wangming, anyin, and et al.5% S-abscisic acid has an effect on grape maturity and fruit quality [ J ]. Shanxi fruit trees, 2014(4): 3-5.). This experiment again confirms the above conclusion, except that the combination of the abscisic acid and the uniconazole promotes the expansion and the weight increase of the fruits.
Further, to verify the physiological performance of abscisic acid and uniconazole, the inventors developed experiments on apple trees.
And (2) test II: abscisic acid uniconazole apple test
1. Test conditions
And (3) test crops: apple, etc; the variety Fuji. The plant row spacing is 4m by 5m, the cultivation conditions of the test field are consistent, and the watering and fertilizing are unified.
Test site: shandong province, Taiwan city.
2. Design and arrangement of experiments
The wettable powder of abscisic acid uniconazole required for the experiment was prepared according to the following component ratio by the method for preparing wettable powder of abscisic acid uniconazole in example 1.
And (3) test cell: taking 3 courses of trees as a cell in each row, selecting branches with consistent growth vigor for listing and marking, and repeating each treatment for four times.
The application method comprises the following steps: the application method of stem and leaf spraying is adopted to apply the pesticide to young fruits.
3. Test investigation method
And counting the marked branches in the apple harvesting stage, investigating the longitudinal diameter, transverse stem, weight and sugar content of the fruits, calculating the fruit shape index, and comparing with a blank control to judge whether the growth stage is advanced or delayed. Checking whether the pesticide has phytotoxicity on crops, and recording the type and the degree of the phytotoxicity. In addition, beneficial effects on the crop were noted. The DPS software was used for statistical analysis.
4. Results and analysis
The above data show that the application of S-abscisic acid and uniconazole as effective ingredients in the young fruit stage has the same effect as the conventional fruit swelling agent in the ratio of 1:10 and 1: the yield increasing effect of 20 is most obvious. Although no obvious difference is shown in sugar, fruit type index and fruit weight, the specific numerical values show that the effective component can improve the sugar content and increase the fruit weight compared with the traditional swelling agent.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
1. compared with the traditional fruit expanding agent, the fruit expanding agent can synchronously improve the sugar content of the fruits and improve the fruit quality.
2. The regulation relation of 'source-flow-reservoir' of plant body is used to enhance the strength and transport capacity of reservoir so as to increase sugar and yield of plant.
The invention is realized on the basis of a transport mechanism of dislocated isomerate of the abscisic acid and the uniconazole in a plant body. The abscisic acid plays an important role in the plant maturation period. At the early stage of fruit development, the content of abscisic acid is greatly increased. The external application of lower concentrations of abscisic acid can promote the transport and unloading of assimilatory substances from the stem to the "sink" organs. The appropriate amount of uniconazole can improve the content of chlorophyll a in plant leaves, has the effects of promoting the photosynthesis of plants, improving the activity of root systems and promoting assimilation substances to enter phloem for long-distance transportation.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these examples may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the composition in promoting the transport and accumulation of plant assimilates;
in the composition, the mass ratio of the abscisic acid to the uniconazole is as follows: 1:5-1: 100, respectively;
the abscisic acid is S-abscisic acid;
the promotion of plant assimilate transport accumulation is shown as follows: the fruit swelling is promoted, and the sugar content and the weight of the fruit are improved;
the plant is grape.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the composition is prepared into various dosage forms by adding a surfactant, a carrier and an auxiliary agent besides the abscisic acid and the uniconazole.
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation formulation is water solution, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, soluble granules, water dispersible granules, suspending agent, soluble liquid, oil suspending agent, tablets or effervescent granules,
the concentration of the effective components in the preparation formulation is as follows: 0.1 to 60 wt%.
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| CN201911336565.6A CN110896953B (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Composition for promoting transport and accumulation of plant assimilates |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007008580A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-18 | Mendel Biotechnology, Inc. | Increasing plant drought and cold resistance: aba + triazole |
| CN105309447A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-10 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | Plant growth regulating composition containing S-abscisic acid |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007008580A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-18 | Mendel Biotechnology, Inc. | Increasing plant drought and cold resistance: aba + triazole |
| CN105309447A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-10 | 陕西美邦农药有限公司 | Plant growth regulating composition containing S-abscisic acid |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 脱落酸和烯效唑对菜心光合作用的影响;黄爱政等;《广东农业科学》;20121125(第22期);第77页材料与方法 * |
| 脱落酸和烯效唑对菜心抽薹特性和生长的影响;康云艳等;《广东农业科学》;20101210(第12期);第49页第2栏正文部分第2段 * |
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