CN113582998A - 4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备 - Google Patents
4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- FKZDJXVOWLWXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(1h-pyrazol-4-yl)-7h-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CN=C2NC=CC2=C1C=1C=NNC=1 FKZDJXVOWLWXHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 9
- -1 1H-pyrazol-4-yl Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- DDWJFSYHYPDQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine;1h-pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1.C1=CN=CN=C1 DDWJFSYHYPDQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- HQUIOHSYUKWGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-ethylsulfonylazetidin-3-ylidene)acetonitrile Chemical compound CCS(=O)(=O)N1CC(=CC#N)C1 HQUIOHSYUKWGOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LILXDMFJXYAKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,1-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(CBr)OCC LILXDMFJXYAKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWMBADTWRIGGGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethoxyphosphorylacetonitrile Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(CC#N)OCC KWMBADTWRIGGGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVOJIBGZFYMWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1h-pyrazole Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1C1=CNN=C1 TVOJIBGZFYMWDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMBBXSASDSZJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Carboxypyrazole Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1C=NNC=1 IMBBXSASDSZJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDOPAZIWBAHVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5h-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=NC=C2NC=CC2=N1 KDOPAZIWBAHVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006164 6-membered heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- DQQPNJZKFPLZAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(C1=C2NC=NC(Cl)=C2N=C1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C1=C2NC=NC(Cl)=C2N=C1)=O DQQPNJZKFPLZAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001678559 COVID-19 virus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 101000997835 Homo sapiens Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N L-methotrexate Chemical compound C=1N=C2N=C(N)N=C(N)C2=NC=1CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 FBOZXECLQNJBKD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCTFALKRTYVYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=CNC2=CC=NC2=C1Cl Chemical compound N1=CNC2=CC=NC2=C1Cl GCTFALKRTYVYFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100033444 Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XPOLVIIHTDKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;methanimidamide Chemical compound NC=N.CC(O)=O XPOLVIIHTDKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000004631 alopecia areata Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MNFORVFSTILPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azetidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCN1 MNFORVFSTILPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013504 emergency use authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIUSEGSNTOUIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-cyanoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC#N ZIUSEGSNTOUIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002618 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229960000485 methotrexate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003170 phenylsulfonyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004527 pyrimidin-4-yl group Chemical group N1=CN=C(C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005694 sulfonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ROUYFJUVMYHXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 ROUYFJUVMYHXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Abstract
本发明涉及4‑(1H‑吡唑‑4‑基)‑7H‑吡咯[2,3‑d]嘧啶的制备。具体为1‑(乙基磺酰基)‑3‑[4‑(7H‑吡咯并[2,3‑d]嘧啶‑4‑基)‑1H‑吡唑‑1‑基]‑3‑氮杂环丁烷乙腈在酸作用下发生化学反应，实现4‑(1H‑吡唑‑4‑基)‑7H‑吡咯[2,3‑d]嘧啶的制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学合成领域，具体涉及4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备。
背景技术
巴瑞克替尼(Baricitinib,LY3009104或INCB028050)，商品名：Olumiant，是由EliLilly 与Incyte公司合作研发的一种选择性、可逆性Janus激酶JAK1和JAK2抑制剂，IC50分别为5.9nM和5.7nM。目前临床上开发用于多种炎症性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的治疗，包括类风湿性关节炎(RA)、强直性脊柱炎(AS)、银屑病、特应性皮炎、系统性红斑狼疮、溃疡性肠炎(UC)、斑秃等。2017年2月，巴瑞克替尼获得欧盟批准，作为一种单药或联合甲氨蝶呤，用于对一种或多种疾病修饰抗风湿药物(DMARD)缓解不足或不耐受的中度至重度活动性类风湿性关节炎成人患者的治疗。这也是欧盟批准治疗类风湿性关节炎的首个 JAK抑制剂。2018年6月，美国FDA批准了巴瑞克替尼上市，用于治疗罹患中度至重度类风湿关节炎。
另外，2020年2月，《柳叶刀》发布通讯文章，指出巴瑞替尼可以作为2019-nCoV急性呼吸系统疾病的潜在治疗方案。2020年10月，礼来制药与因赛特医疗共同宣布，最新数据显示巴瑞替尼联合瑞德西韦对比瑞德西韦单药，缩短了2019新型冠状病毒肺炎 (COVID-19)患者的恢复时间、提高了临床获益。2020年11月，美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准礼来制药巴瑞替尼的EUA(紧急使用授权)，与瑞德西韦联用后用于成年住院患者、2岁及以上的儿童住院患者，这些患者为疑似或实验室确诊的2019新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)病例并需要辅助供氧、侵入性机械通气或体外膜氧合(ECMO)。
巴瑞克替尼化学英文名为： 1-(Ethylsulfonyl)-3-[4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl]-3-azetidineacetonitrile,中文名称：1-(乙基磺酰基)-3-[4-(7H-吡咯并 [2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-3-氮杂环丁烷乙腈。CAS：1187594-09-7，分子式为C16H17N7O2S，该药物分子中含有吡咯并嘧啶、吡唑、氮杂环丁烷核心结构片段和拥有一个季碳中心，其结构式如下：
2007年Incyte公司首次报道巴瑞克替尼的合成方法(US20070135461/WO2009114512)，并对巴瑞克替尼的结构进行专利保护，如下：
其中，L＝SO2或CO；R1＝(非)取代烷基、环状烷基、苯基、5，6-元杂芳香基、吲哚基等。从N-叔丁氧羰基-4-哌啶酮和氰甲基磷酸二乙酯出发经过一系列反应，包括： Wittig-Horner反应，Suzuki偶联反应，Michael加成反应以及保护及的脱除及保护等步骤合成巴瑞克替尼。具体路线如下：
2016年，有文献(Journal ofChemical Research,2016,40,205-208.)报道对原研专利合成路线进行优化，优化路线以N-叔丁氧羰基-4-哌啶酮为起始物料，依次经过Wittig-Horner(维蒂希－霍纳尔)反应、N-Boc保护基脱除、磺酰胺化、吡唑-4-硼酸频哪醇酯的Michael加成反应，最后再和4-氯吡咯并嘧啶通过Suzuki偶联反应制备巴瑞克替尼。在合成路线中省去了对4-氯吡咯并嘧啶的SEM硅基保护和脱保护基等步骤，合成路线比较简短，总产率可以达到49％。
2016年，Eli Lilly(WO 2016205487)提出一种合成巴瑞克替尼及其关键中间体的方法。主要合成步骤包括：吡唑-4-硼酸频哪醇酯对2-[1-(乙基磺酰基)-3-氮杂环丁亚基]乙腈的 Michael加成反应，然后再与4-氯吡咯并嘧啶-7-羧酸叔丁酯经过金属催化的交叉偶联反应制备巴瑞克替尼，该合成路线如下：
2017年，Egis公司(WO 2017109524A1)报道了(4-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl pivalate和2-[1-(乙基磺酰基)-3-氮杂环丁亚基]乙腈的Michael加成反应，得到的中间体在酸性条件下脱除Boc保护基，再经乙基磺酰胺化反应等步骤制备巴瑞克替尼，其专利合成路线如下：
另外，还有其它许多专利对巴瑞克替尼的各个片段的合成方法(如CN108129482合成吡咯环及氮杂环丁酮)等，不同的保护基(如CN106946917用BOC保护吡咯嘧啶，CN107176955用苯磺酰基保护吡咯嘧啶，WO 2016088094A1用SEM保护吡咯嘧啶)以及片段之间的连接顺序(CN106496195A)进行优化组合等等。
化合物4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶是巴瑞克替尼的核心骨架组成部分，可以通过该化合物直接合成巴瑞克替尼以及巴瑞克替尼的一系列类似物！专利CN107915838描述了4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备，具体为以1H-吡唑-4-甲酸为起始物料，首先和氰基乙酸乙酯发生偶联反应制备得到2-氰基-3-氧代-3-(1H-吡唑-4-基)丙酸乙酯，然后再和2-溴-1,1-二乙氧基乙烷反应制备得到2-(二乙氧基甲基)-3-氧代-3-(1H-吡唑-4-基)丙腈，所得产物再和醋酸甲脒反应制备得到5-(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)-6-(1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-胺，最后，5-(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)-6-(1H-吡唑-4-基)嘧啶-4-胺在乙醇钠的作用下反应实现4-(1H- 吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备。反应式如下：
专利CN111704617描述了4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的另外制备方法。该方法以4-氯-7H-吡唑[2,3-d]嘧啶为原料，通过和4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧硼烷-2-基)-1H-吡唑-1-甲酸叔丁酯之间的Suzuki偶联反应，在反应过程中同时脱除Boc保护基，完成4-(1H- 吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备。
本发明提供一条制备4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的新方法，旨在规避目前制备4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的专利壁垒，同时方便制备得到4-(1H-吡唑-4- 基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶样品以进一步对巴瑞克替尼原料药进行质量研究！
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一条制备4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的方法。
研究发现，1-(乙基磺酰基)-3-[4-(7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-3-氮杂环丁烷乙腈(巴瑞克替尼)在酸作用下发生化学反应，非常容易实现4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯 [2,3-d]嘧啶的制备。反应式如下：
反应所使用的酸为盐酸、硫酸、醋酸、磷酸。
反应温度为10-100℃。
反应时间为30min-5小时。
具体实施方式
以下典型实施例用来说明本发明，在本领域内的技术人员对本发明所做的简单替换和改进等均属于本发明所保护的技术方案之内。
实施例一:4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备
四口烧瓶中配备磁力搅拌，加入巴瑞克替尼(20g,53.85mmol)和浓HCl(含量36％,300mL)。加入完毕后，体系升温至90℃，搅拌反应1小时。体系自然降温至室温，用氢氧化钠水溶液调节体系pH值至碱性。反应体系使用乙酸乙酯萃取(4*300ml)。合并有机相，减压脱除有机溶剂，残余物中柱层析纯化，得固体(8.12g,81％)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3) δ6.97(d，J＝3.6Hz,1H),7.53(d，J＝3.6Hz,1H),8.46(s，2H),8.64(s，1H),12.09(br，1H), 13.39(br，1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ100.32,113.38,120.81,126.96,150.99,151.42,152.49.Mass:186[M+H]+。
Claims (4)
1.制备4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的方法,具体为巴瑞克替尼在酸作用下发生化学反应，实现4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-7H-吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶的制备。反应式如下：
2.如权利要求1所示的反应，反应所使用的酸为盐酸、硫酸、醋酸、磷酸。
3.如权利要求1所示的反应，反应温度为10-100℃。
4.反应时间为30min-5小时。
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| CN107176955A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-09-19 | 南京优科制药有限公司 | 一种巴瑞替尼的制备方法 |
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| CN105294699A (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-02-03 | 上海勋和医药科技有限公司 | 巴瑞替尼的制备方法 |
| CN107176955A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-09-19 | 南京优科制药有限公司 | 一种巴瑞替尼的制备方法 |
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