CN113575352A - Method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes - Google Patents
Method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN113575352A CN113575352A CN202110870492.XA CN202110870492A CN113575352A CN 113575352 A CN113575352 A CN 113575352A CN 202110870492 A CN202110870492 A CN 202110870492A CN 113575352 A CN113575352 A CN 113575352A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/42—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure of granular or aggregated structure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of resource utilization of mine wastes, and particularly discloses a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes. The method comprises the following steps: grinding and sieving mine wastes to obtain mineral powder; mixing the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue, grinding and sieving, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, washing and filtering to obtain mixed powder; adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing, adding an active agent, stirring, standing and precipitating, taking a lower layer solid matter, adding modified starch, and keeping the temperature of the solid matter until the water content is less than 10% to obtain treated powder; naturally cooling the treated powder, sieving, adding fermentation raw materials, stirring, mixing, and performing anaerobic fermentation to obtain a fermentation material; and mixing the fermentation material, coconut husk and fructan, pressing, and forming to obtain the planting soil block. The method enables mine wastes to be recycled, and the mine wastes are used as plant planting soil to cultivate plants.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of resource utilization of mine wastes, in particular to a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes.
Background
Mine wastes are mining and processing wastes of mineral resources, surface soil, weathering layer, waste slag and other wastes stripped in mining occupy a large amount of land resources, accelerate water and soil loss and vegetation destruction, and easily cause accidents such as flowing, landslide and collapse under the action of strong rainfall after the wastes are stacked.
When the stone mine of the building stone mining type is mined, the mine waste mixture mainly comprises slag and waste gas surface soil after the minerals are mined, and although the value of the plowing and planting soil is lost, the improved mixture still has the soil structure characteristic as the soil. In addition, the sand is formed by grinding ores, so that the sand is large, the content of sticky particles is low, the nutrient elements are deficient, and the physical structure is loose. These disadvantages make it difficult to apply as planting soil, limiting the resource reuse of mine waste.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable mine waste to be used as plant planting soil, the application provides a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by utilizing the mine waste.
The application provides a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by utilizing mine wastes, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by utilizing mine wastes comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the mine waste and sieving the ground mine waste by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mineral powder; mixing mineral powder, biomass materials and biomass waste residues, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, washing and filtering to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an active agent, placing the mixture in a high-pressure oxygen-free environment at the temperature of 50-55 ℃ for heat preservation for 1 hour, and standing and precipitating to obtain a lower-layer solid matter; adding modified starch into the solid matter, stirring uniformly, placing in an environment of 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature until the water content is less than 10% to obtain processing powder;
s3, naturally cooling the treated powder to 30-40 ℃, sieving the treated powder with a 100-mesh sieve, adding the fermentation raw materials, stirring and mixing the materials, placing the mixture in an environment of 35-40 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 20-25 days, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in an air environment, and standing the mixture for 1 day to obtain a fermentation material;
s4, mixing the fermentation material, coconut husk and fructan, pressing for 5-6h at 45-50 ℃, and forming to obtain the planting soil block.
By adopting the technical scheme, in S1, mine waste is ground and sieved and then is mixed with biomass materials and biomass waste residues, so that the content of organic matters in the mixed powder can be increased; in S2, adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an active agent, stirring and dispersing to improve the contact capacity of the mixed powder and the active agent, modifying the surface of the mixed powder by the active agent to improve the surface molecular energy of the mixed powder, adding modified starch, distributing the modified starch in solid matters to serve as a binding agent, mutually binding the solid matter powder and reducing the grittiness of the solid matters; in S3, fermentation raw materials are added, anaerobic fermentation is carried out to obtain a fermentation material, in S4, the fermentation material, coconut chaff and fructan are mixed, the coconut chaff can improve the water absorption of the planting soil block and can promote the forming of the planting soil block, the fructan is a polysaccharide polymer, can assist the forming of the planting soil block, is a nutrient substance and can promote the growth of plants.
Preferably, in the step S1, the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue in parts by weight is 1: (0.3-0.35): (0.2-0.3).
Preferably, the biomass material is one or more of pine wood flour, tung wood flour and camphor wood flour.
Preferably, the biomass waste residue is ash residue left after one or more of pine wood powder, tung wood powder and camphor wood powder is combusted.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the modified starch in parts by weight is 1: (0.02-0.024).
Preferably, the modified starch is prepared by the following steps: activating corn starch in an environment at 60 ℃ for 10min, spraying acrylic acid and polyethanol on the surface of the corn starch sequentially and uniformly, stirring for 5min, and repeating the spraying and stirring of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol, wherein the total adding amount of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol is 5% of the weight of the corn starch.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the fermentation raw material by weight fraction is 1: (0.3-0.4); the fermentation raw materials comprise, by weight, 10-15 parts of fruit and vegetable waste residues, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 2-4 parts of cooked rice soup, 0.6-0.8 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.6-0.8 part of yeast bacteria and 0.3-0.5 part of spore bacteria.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fruit and vegetable waste residues in the fermentation raw materials contain cellulose and fructose, the soybean meal contains a large amount of protein, and the cooked rice soup contains a large amount of starch, so that decomposers and nutrients can be provided for lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and bacillus, and the fertility of the planting soil block is improved.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the coconut coir and the fructan in the S4 is 1: (0.7-0.8): (0.1-0.2).
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue are mixed, the biomass material and the waste residue can be recycled, and the content of organic matters in the mixed powder is improved.
2. Modified starch is added in the application, the modified starch can be used as an adhesive, the grittiness of solid matters is reduced, the solid matters are convenient to form, and the modified starch can improve the stability of nutrient components in soil so as to be beneficial to the growth of plants.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples
Example 1
In this embodiment 1, a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste includes the following steps:
s1, grinding the mine waste and sieving the ground mine waste by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mineral powder; mixing mineral powder, biomass materials and biomass waste residues, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, washing and filtering to obtain mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue in parts by weight is 1: 0.3: 0.2, and the biomass materials are pine wood powder and tung wood powder 1: 1, wherein the biomass waste residue is the waste residue left after burning camphor wood powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an active agent, placing the mixture in a high-pressure oxygen-free environment at the temperature of 50-55 ℃ for heat preservation for 1 hour, and standing and precipitating to obtain a lower-layer solid matter; adding modified starch into the solid matter, stirring uniformly, placing in an environment of 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature until the water content is less than 10% to obtain processing powder; wherein the active agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate; the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the modified starch in parts by weight is 1: 0.02; wherein, the modified starch is prepared by the following steps: activating corn starch in an environment at 60 ℃ for 10min, spraying acrylic acid and polyethanol on the surface of the corn starch sequentially and uniformly, stirring for 5min, and repeating the spraying and stirring of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol, wherein the total adding amount of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol is 5% of the weight of the corn starch;
s3, naturally cooling the treated powder to 30-40 ℃, sieving the powder with a 100-mesh sieve, adding the fermentation raw materials, stirring and mixing the mixture, placing the mixture in an environment at 35 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 25 days, taking the mixture out, placing the mixture in an air environment, and standing the mixture for 1d to obtain a fermentation material; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the fermentation raw material in parts by weight is 1: 0.3; the fermentation raw materials comprise, by weight, 10 parts of fruit and vegetable waste residues, 5 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of cooked rice soup, 0.6 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.6 part of yeast bacteria and 0.3 part of spore bacteria;
s4, mixing the fermentation material, coconut husk and fructan, pressing for 5-6h in an environment of 45-50 ℃, and forming to obtain planting soil blocks; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the coconut husk and the fructan in parts by weight is 1: 0.7: 0.1.
example 2
In this embodiment 2, a method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste includes the following steps:
s1, grinding the mine waste and sieving the ground mine waste by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mineral powder; mixing mineral powder, biomass materials and biomass waste residues, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, washing and filtering to obtain mixed powder; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue in parts by weight is 1: 0.35: 0.3, and the biomass materials are pine wood powder and camphor wood powder 1: 1, the biomass waste residue is the waste residue left after burning the tung wood powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an active agent, placing the mixture in a high-pressure oxygen-free environment at the temperature of 50-55 ℃ for heat preservation for 1 hour, and standing and precipitating to obtain a lower-layer solid matter; adding modified starch into the solid matter, stirring uniformly, placing in an environment of 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature until the water content is less than 10% to obtain processing powder; wherein the active agent is sodium dodecyl sulfate; the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the modified starch in parts by weight is 1: 0.024; wherein, the modified starch is prepared by the following steps: activating corn starch in an environment at 60 ℃ for 10min, spraying acrylic acid and polyethanol on the surface of the corn starch sequentially and uniformly, stirring for 5min, and repeating the spraying and stirring of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol, wherein the total adding amount of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol is 5% of the weight of the corn starch;
s3, naturally cooling the treated powder to 30-40 ℃, sieving the powder with a 100-mesh sieve, adding the fermentation raw materials, stirring and mixing the mixture, placing the mixture in an environment of 40 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 20 days, taking the mixture out, placing the mixture in an air environment, and standing the mixture for 1 day to obtain a fermentation material; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the fermentation raw material in parts by weight is 1: 0.4; the fermentation raw materials comprise 15 parts of fruit and vegetable waste residues, 10 parts of bean pulp, 4 parts of cooked rice soup, 0.8 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.8 part of yeast bacteria and 0.5 part of spore bacteria by weight;
s4, mixing the fermentation material, coconut husk and fructan, pressing for 5-6h in an environment of 45-50 ℃, and forming to obtain planting soil blocks; wherein the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the coconut husk and the fructan in parts by weight is 1: 0.8: 0.2.
performance test
Detection method
The planting soils prepared in examples 1-2 were pressed into 10 cubes of 1 dm for planting ryegrass, 100 full ryegrass seeds were selected and soaked in 30 ℃ warm water for 5 hours, 10 ryegrass seeds were evenly planted on each planting soil, the germination percentage after 7 days was checked, the growth height after 20 days was checked, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cultivation of rye grass in the cultivation soil prepared in examples 1-2
| Germination after 7 d/%) | Average growth height/cm after 20 days | |
| Example 1 | 95 | 5.74 |
| Example 2 | 96 | 5.78 |
Combining example 1 and example 2, and combining table 1 and table 2, it can be seen that the method of the present application enables mine waste to prepare planting soil for planting plants.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by utilizing mine wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, grinding the mine waste and sieving the ground mine waste by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mineral powder; mixing mineral powder, biomass materials and biomass waste residues, grinding and sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, washing and filtering to obtain mixed powder;
s2, adding the mixed powder into absolute ethyl alcohol, adding an active agent, placing the mixture in a high-pressure oxygen-free environment at the temperature of 50-55 ℃ for heat preservation for 1 hour, and standing and precipitating to obtain a lower-layer solid matter; adding modified starch into the solid matter, stirring uniformly, placing in an environment of 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature until the water content is less than 10% to obtain processing powder;
s3, naturally cooling the treated powder to 30-40 ℃, sieving the treated powder with a 100-mesh sieve, adding the fermentation raw materials, stirring and mixing the materials, placing the mixture in an environment of 35-40 ℃ for anaerobic fermentation for 20-25 days, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in an air environment, and standing the mixture for 1 day to obtain a fermentation material;
s4, mixing the fermentation material, coconut husk and fructan, pressing for 5-6h at 45-50 ℃, and forming to obtain the planting soil block.
2. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the S1, the mixing ratio of the mineral powder, the biomass material and the biomass waste residue in parts by weight is 1: (0.3-0.35): (0.2-0.3).
3. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biomass material is one or a combination of pine wood powder, tung wood powder and camphor wood powder.
4. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine wastes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biomass waste residue is ash residue left after one or more of pine wood powder, tung wood powder and camphor wood powder is combusted.
5. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the modified starch in parts by weight is 1: (0.02-0.024).
6. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste, according to claim 5, is characterized in that the modified starch is prepared by the following steps: activating corn starch in an environment at 60 ℃ for 10min, spraying acrylic acid and polyethanol on the surface of the corn starch sequentially and uniformly, stirring for 5min, and repeating the spraying and stirring of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol, wherein the total adding amount of the acrylic acid and the polyethanol is 5% of the weight of the corn starch.
7. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight fraction mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the fermentation raw material is 1: (0.3-0.4); the fermentation raw materials comprise, by weight, 10-15 parts of fruit and vegetable waste residues, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 2-4 parts of cooked rice soup, 0.6-0.8 part of lactic acid bacteria, 0.6-0.8 part of yeast bacteria and 0.3-0.5 part of spore bacteria.
8. The method for producing artificial mixed planting soil by using mine waste, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixing ratio of the mineral powder to the coconut husk and the fructan in the S4 by weight part is 1: (0.7-0.8): (0.1-0.2).
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