CN113571889B - Antenna array with agile frequency and controllable polarization and directional diagram - Google Patents
Antenna array with agile frequency and controllable polarization and directional diagram Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna array with agile frequency and controllable polarization and directional diagram, which comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate and a third dielectric plate, wherein at least one antenna unit is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, at least one feed network is arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate in a one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units, feed ports on each antenna unit are connected with the corresponding feed network, all the feed networks are connected through power splitters, direct current bias networks in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units and the feed networks are arranged on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate, the direct current bias networks are connected with FPGA (field programmable gate array), each direct current bias network is connected with the corresponding feed network, and a first metal patch on each antenna unit is connected with an adjustable voltage source through a first patch inductor; the invention has the advantages that: the frequency agility and the polarization and the directional diagram are controllable, the whole structure is simple, the control process is simple, and the engineering is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and directional diagram.
Background
With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, higher requirements are put on a miniaturized, integrated and multifunctional communication system, the existing single-function antenna technology cannot meet the current requirements, and the programmable reconfigurable antenna provides a good thought, and particularly in the aspect of multifunctional antennas, the programmable antenna control can play a vital role. The frequency, polarization and pattern programming reconfigurable antenna can complete high-speed switching of the antenna working frequency, polarization mode and sum and difference beam functions under the condition of complex electromagnetic environment according to actual user requirements.
At present, the PCB processing technology is quite mature, and the processing precision of the PCB processing technology is strongly ensured in the microwave frequency band. Meanwhile, the antenna processed by the PCB technology has many advantages in low profile, small volume, high integration and the like, is convenient for mass production of the antenna, and reduces the economic cost of a single antenna. Therefore, the reconfigurable programming microstrip antenna using the PCB technology has very practical significance in the aspect of reducing the cost.
Chinese patent grant publication No. CN107887694B discloses a frequency/polarization/pattern independent reconfigurable patch antenna employing a liquid crystal material to enhance polarization reconfigurability, which includes a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, an octagonal metal patch, an octagonal metal ring, a diamond parasitic metal patch, a metal floor, and a reconfigurable power splitting phase shifter with a liquid crystal material. The second dielectric plate is positioned below the first dielectric plate, and the upper surface of the second dielectric plate is coincided with the lower surface of the first dielectric plate. The reconfigurable power splitting phase shifter with the liquid crystal material in the second dielectric plate is used for enhancing the polarization adjustment capability of the antenna at different reconfigurable frequencies. The invention can realize independent reconfiguration of antenna frequency, polarization and directional diagram, adjusts dielectric constant of liquid crystal material by controlling bias voltage, adjusts antenna polarization characteristic under different reconfiguration frequencies, improves circular polarization performance, further enhances polarization reconfiguration capability of antenna, and enables antenna to flexibly change among different frequency bands, different polarization modes and different radiation directions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of complex transformation process, complex structure and great difficulty in engineering realization of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and directional diagram in the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means: an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern comprises a first dielectric plate (1), a second dielectric plate (2) and a third dielectric plate (3), wherein at least one antenna unit (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1), the antenna unit (11) comprises a radiation patch (111) and first metal patches (112) arranged around the radiation patch (111), and each first metal patch (112) is connected with the radiation patch (111) through a varactor diode (113); a plurality of feed ports (114) are arranged in the middle of the radiation patch (111); the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (2) is provided with at least one feed network in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units (11), a feed port (114) on each antenna unit (11) is connected with the corresponding feed network, all feed networks are connected through a power divider (25), the lower surface of the third dielectric plate (3) is provided with direct current bias networks in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units (11) and the feed networks, the direct current bias networks are connected with the FPGA, each direct current bias network is connected with the corresponding feed network, and a first metal patch (112) on each antenna unit (11) is connected with an adjustable voltage source (118) through a first patch inductor (115); the phase between the antenna units (11) and the on-off of each feed network are controlled through the FPGA, and the voltage of each antenna unit (11) is controlled through an adjustable voltage source (118).
According to the invention, the on-off of the feed network corresponding to the feed port (114) on each antenna unit (11) is controlled through the FPGA, so that the switching of different polarization modes is realized, and the FPGA also realizes different patterns through independently controlling the feed port (114) of each antenna unit (11) and utilizing the phase change among the antenna units (11), and different voltage values are applied to the first metal patch (112) on each antenna unit (11) through the adjustable voltage source (118), so that different capacitance values are obtained, thereby realizing the switching of different frequencies.
Further, the radiation patch (111) is square, the first metal patch (112) is semi-oval, the straight edge of the first metal patch (112) is opposite to the radiation patch (111) and parallel to the radiation patch, a first patch inductor (115) is connected to the highest part of the arc edge of the first metal patch (112), the first patch inductor (115) is connected with a power connection terminal (116), and the power connection terminal (116) is connected with an adjustable voltage source (118).
Further, the frequency agile and polarization and pattern controllable antenna array further comprises an adhesive layer, and the first dielectric plate (1) and the second dielectric plate (2) are adhered through the adhesive layer.
Further, the feed network comprises a plurality of microwave switches (21) corresponding to the positions of the feed ports (114) one by one, each microwave switch (21) is a diode, each microwave switch (21) is connected with one end of one direct current blocking capacitor (22) through a microstrip line, the other ends of all the direct current blocking capacitors (22) are connected together through the microstrip line to form a feed network interface (23), and the feed ports (114) on each antenna unit (11) are connected with the microwave switches (21) on the corresponding feed network through first metallized through holes.
Furthermore, the power divider (25) is a one-to-two wilkinson annular power divider (25), each two feed networks are respectively connected with two output ports of one power divider (25) through a feed network interface (23), and the power divider (25) connected with the feed network is connected with other power dividers (25).
Further, the direct current bias network comprises an anode connector (31), a cathode connector (32), a second metal patch (33) and a second patch inductor (34) which are arranged in a rectangular array, wherein two first rectangular holes (35) for accommodating the microwave switch (21) are formed in the middle of the direct current bias network, and a second rectangular hole (36) for accommodating the direct current blocking capacitor (22) is formed in the left side and the right side of the direct current bias network respectively; the positive electrode connector (31), the negative electrode connector (32), the second metal patch (33) and the second patch inductor (34) are all connected with a connector pin header (38) through a lead (37), and the connector pin header (38) is connected with the FPGA; the positive electrode connector (31), the negative electrode connector (32), the second metal patch (33) and the second patch inductor (34) are connected to the microwave switch (21) of the corresponding feed network through second metallized through holes.
Still further, the adjustable voltage source (118) applies different voltage values to the first metal patch (112) to obtain different capacitance values, so as to realize agile antenna working frequency.
Still further, the FPGA realizes the output of high and low levels through programming control, so as to drive the on-off of the microwave switch (21) of the feed network, realize the on-off of different feed networks, thus realize different polarization modes, obtain different patterns.
Further, the antenna array with changeable frequency and controllable polarization and pattern further comprises a stratum (4), the stratum (4) is arranged between the first dielectric plate (1) and the second dielectric plate (2), through holes (41) for the first metallized through holes to pass through are formed in the stratum (4), the feed ports (114) on each antenna unit (11) penetrate through the through holes (41) in the stratum (4) by means of the first metallized through holes and are connected with the microwave switches (21) on the corresponding feed network, a first feed hole (117) is formed in the middle of each radiation patch (111), a plurality of feed ports (114) are distributed around the first feed hole (117), a second feed hole (24) is formed in the middle of each feed network, a plurality of microwave switches (21) are distributed around the second feed hole (24), the first feed hole (117) and the second feed hole (24) are grounded, and a grounding point (42) is formed on the stratum.
Further, the feed network is attached to the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (2) through a PCB copper-plating process.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, the on-off of the feed network corresponding to the feed port (114) on each antenna unit (11) is controlled through the FPGA, so that the switching of different polarization modes is realized, and the FPGA also realizes different patterns through independently controlling the feed port (114) of each antenna unit (11) and utilizing the phase change among the antenna units (11), and different voltage values are applied to the first metal patch (112) on each antenna unit (11) through the adjustable voltage source (118), so that different capacitance values are obtained, thereby realizing the switching of different frequencies.
(2) The first metal patch (112) is semi-elliptical, and is arranged to be semi-elliptical so as to ensure good polarization degree and compensate the cross polarization defect, and the size of the semi-elliptical first metal patch (112) determines the adjustable frequency range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first dielectric on-board antenna unit structure of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a distribution of all antenna units on a first dielectric plate of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a feeding network structure on a second dielectric plate of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of distribution of all feeding networks on a second dielectric plate of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and directivity pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dc offset network on a third dielectric plate of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of all dc bias networks on a third dielectric plate of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frequency agile and polarization and pattern controllable antenna array structure of a layer under a single antenna element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structural distribution of a ground layer on an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of return loss of modes one, four and seven of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern at different capacitance values according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing peak gains of modes one, four and seven of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern at different capacitance values according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing radiation efficiency of modes one, four and seven of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern at different capacitance values according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 shows radiation patterns of modes one, four and seven of an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention, in capacitance of 2.35pF (operating frequency of 2.06 GHz) and beam E-plane and H-plane.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and direction diagram includes a first dielectric plate 1, a second dielectric plate 2 and a third dielectric plate 3, where at least one antenna unit 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 1, 16 antenna units 11 are disposed in this embodiment, and the 16 antenna units 11 are arranged in a 4×4 matrix. The antenna unit 11 includes a radiation patch 111 and first metal patches 112 disposed around the radiation patch 111, where each first metal patch 112 is connected with the radiation patch 111 through a varactor 113; a plurality of feeding ports 114 are provided in the middle of the radiation patch 111, and 4 feeding ports 114 are provided in this embodiment; the radiation patch 111 is square, the first metal patch 112 is semi-elliptical, the straight edge of the first metal patch 112 is opposite to the radiation patch 111 and parallel to the radiation patch 111, a first patch inductor 115 is connected to the highest part of the arc edge of the first metal patch 112, the first patch inductor 115 is connected with a power connection terminal 116, and the power connection terminal 116 is connected with an adjustable voltage source 118. The adjustable voltage source 118 applies different voltage values to the first metal patch 112 to obtain different capacitance values of 1.02 pf-8.49 pf, so as to realize the agility of the antenna working frequency from 1.85GHz to 2.25 GHz.
As shown in fig. 3, at least one feeding network is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 2 in a one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units 11, in this embodiment, the number of feeding networks is the same as the number of the antenna units 11, and is set to 16, and the positions of the feeding networks are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the antenna units 11, and the feeding networks are attached to the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 2 through a PCB board copper plating process. The feed network comprises 4 microwave switches 21 corresponding to the positions of the feed ports 114 one by one, the microwave switches 21 are diodes, each microwave switch 21 is connected with one end of one direct current blocking capacitor 22 through a microstrip line, the other ends of all the direct current blocking capacitors 22 are connected together through the microstrip line to form a feed network interface 23, and the feed ports 114 on each antenna unit 11 are connected with the microwave switches 21 on the corresponding feed network through first metallized through holes.
As shown in fig. 4, all feed networks are connected by means of power splitters 25. The power divider 25 is a wilkinson loop power divider 25, each two feed networks are respectively connected with two output ports of one power divider 25 through a feed network interface 23, the power dividers 25 connected with the feed networks are further connected through other power dividers 25 to form a total port, each power divider 25 is referred to in fig. 4, and when receiving an antenna signal, the radiation patch 111 and the first metal patch 112 receive the signal, feed the feed networks through the feed port 114, then the feed networks transmit the signal through the power divider 25, when radiating the antenna signal, the signal enters from the input port of the power divider 25 on the right side in fig. 4, reaches each feed network through the power divider 25, then reaches the surfaces of the radiation patch 111 and the first metal patch 112 through the feed port 114, and then radiates.
The frequency agile and polarization and pattern controllable antenna array further comprises an adhesive layer pattern not shown, between which the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2 are adhered. In this example, the thickness of the adhesive layer was 0.1mm.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the lower surface of the third dielectric plate 3 is provided with a dc offset network corresponding to the antenna unit 11 and the feed network one by one, the dc offset network includes a positive electrode joint 31, a negative electrode joint 32, a second metal patch 33 and a second patch inductor 34 which are arranged in a rectangular array, the middle position of the dc offset network is provided with two first rectangular holes 35 for placing the microwave switch 21, and the left and right sides of the dc offset network are respectively provided with a second rectangular hole 36 for placing the dc blocking capacitor 22; the positive electrode joint 31, the negative electrode joint 32, the second metal patch 33 and the second patch inductor 34 are all connected with a joint pin 38 through a wire 37, and the joint pin 38 is connected with the FPGA; the positive electrode connector 31, the negative electrode connector 32, the second metal patch 33 and the second patch inductor 34 are all connected to the microwave switch 21 of the corresponding feed network through second metallized via holes. The FPGA realizes high-low level output through programming control, so that the microwave switch 21 of the feed network is driven to be turned on or off, and different feed networks are realized to be turned on or off, so that different polarization modes are realized, and different patterns are obtained.
The hexadecimal codes corresponding to the different polarizations and beam states may be: mode one, +45 degree polarization and beam, 4114144128828228; mode two, +45 degree polarized difference wave 1,4114411428822882; mode three, +45 degree polarized difference beam 2, 4114144182282882; mode four, -45 degree polarization and beam, 8228288214414114; mode five, -45 degrees polarized difference beam 1,8228822814411441; mode six, -45 degrees polarized difference beam 2,8228288214411441; mode seven, 90 degree polarization and beam, 6996966969969669; mode eight, 90 degree polarized difference beam 1,6996699669966996; mode nine, 90 degrees polarized difference beam 2,6996966996696996. It should be noted that, in the encoding process of the FPGA, the high level represents on, the low level represents off, and the encoding is preset, but not unique, and the method is applicable to the antenna array distributed at the current position of the present invention.
The second dielectric plate 2 and the third dielectric plate 3 are directly pressed together, and can also be fixed together through dielectric screws.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern further includes a ground layer 4, the ground layer 4 is disposed between the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2, a through hole 41 through which the first metallized via hole passes is disposed on the ground layer 4, the feed port 114 on each antenna unit 11 passes through the through hole 41 on the ground layer 4 by using the first metallized via hole and is connected to the microwave switch 21 on the corresponding feed network, a first feed hole 117 is disposed in the middle of each radiation patch 111, a plurality of feed ports 114 are distributed around the first feed hole 117, a second feed hole 24 is disposed in the middle of each feed network, a plurality of microwave switches 21 are distributed around the second feed hole 24, the first feed hole 117 and the second feed hole 24 are grounded, and a ground point 42 is formed on the ground layer.
In order to verify the effect of the invention, the invention performs electromagnetic simulation on the antenna array, and fig. 9 shows return loss |s11| of modes one, four and seven under different capacitance values; FIG. 10 shows peak gains for modes one, four and seven at different capacitance values; FIG. 11 shows the radiation efficiency for modes one, four and seven at different capacitance values; fig. 12 shows the radiation patterns of modes one, four and seven at a capacitance value of 2.35pF (operating frequency of 2.06 GHz) and beam E and H planes. The invention can realize the switching of different polarization modes, different working frequencies and different directional patterns, and can obtain the information according to the graph, which mode has large gain and small return loss, which mode has guiding significance for practical application, for example, the working mode with small return loss can be selected to work under the condition of higher requirement on return loss.
Through the technical scheme, the on-off of the feed network corresponding to the feed port 114 on each antenna unit 11 is controlled by the FPGA to realize the switching of different polarization modes, and the FPGA also independently controls the feed port 114 of each antenna unit 11 to realize different patterns by utilizing the phase change among the antenna units 11 and applies different voltage values to the first metal patch 112 on each antenna unit 11 through the adjustable voltage source 118 to obtain different capacitance values, so that the switching of different frequencies is realized, the overall structure is simple, the control process is simple, and the implementation is easy in engineering.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The antenna array with the frequency agility and the polarization and the pattern controllable is characterized by comprising a first dielectric plate (1), a second dielectric plate (2) and a third dielectric plate (3), wherein at least one antenna unit (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1), the antenna unit (11) comprises a radiation patch (111) and first metal patches (112) arranged around the radiation patch (111), and each first metal patch (112) is connected with the radiation patch (111) through a varactor diode (113); a plurality of feed ports (114) are arranged in the middle of the radiation patch (111); the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (2) is provided with at least one feed network in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units (11), a feed port (114) on each antenna unit (11) is connected with the corresponding feed network, all feed networks are connected through a power divider (25), the lower surface of the third dielectric plate (3) is provided with direct current bias networks in one-to-one correspondence with the antenna units (11) and the feed networks, the direct current bias networks are connected with the FPGA, each direct current bias network is connected with the corresponding feed network, and a first metal patch (112) on each antenna unit (11) is connected with an adjustable voltage source (118) through a first patch inductor (115); the phase between the antenna units (11) and the on-off of each feed network are controlled through the FPGA, and the voltage of each antenna unit (11) is controlled through an adjustable voltage source (118).
2. The antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the radiating patch (111) is square, the first metal patch (112) is semi-elliptical, the straight edge of the first metal patch (112) faces the radiating patch (111) and is parallel to the radiating patch, a first patch inductor (115) is connected to the highest part of the arc edge of the first metal patch (112), the first patch inductor (115) is connected to a power connection terminal (116), and the power connection terminal (116) is connected to an adjustable voltage source (118).
3. An antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesive layer between the first dielectric plate (1) and the second dielectric plate (2).
4. An antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed network comprises a plurality of microwave switches (21) in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the feed ports (114), the microwave switches (21) being diodes, each microwave switch (21) being connected to one end of a dc blocking capacitor (22) by a microstrip line, the other ends of all dc blocking capacitors (22) being connected together by a microstrip line to form a feed network interface (23), the feed ports (114) on each antenna element (11) being connected to the microwave switches (21) on their corresponding feed network by first metallized vias.
5. An antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that the power divider (25) is a split wilkinson loop power divider (25), each two feeding networks is connected to two output ports of one power divider (25) through a feeding network interface (23), and the power divider (25) connected to the feeding network is connected to the other power divider (25).
6. The antenna array with the frequency agility and the controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 4, wherein the direct current bias network comprises positive electrode joints (31), negative electrode joints (32), second metal patches (33) and second patch inductors (34) which are arranged in a rectangular array, two first rectangular holes (35) for placing the microwave switch (21) are arranged in the middle of the direct current bias network, and two second rectangular holes (36) for placing the direct current blocking capacitors (22) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the direct current bias network; the positive electrode connector (31), the negative electrode connector (32), the second metal patch (33) and the second patch inductor (34) are all connected with a connector pin header (38) through a lead (37), and the connector pin header (38) is connected with the FPGA; the positive electrode connector (31), the negative electrode connector (32), the second metal patch (33) and the second patch inductor (34) are connected to the microwave switch (21) of the corresponding feed network through second metallized through holes.
7. The frequency agile and polarization and pattern controllable antenna array of claim 6, wherein said adjustable voltage source (118) applies different voltage values to the first metal patch (112) to obtain different capacitance values to achieve agile antenna operating frequency.
8. The antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 6, wherein the FPGA is programmed to realize high and low level outputs, thereby driving the microwave switch (21) of the feed network to switch on and off of different feed networks, thereby realizing different polarization modes and obtaining different patterns.
9. The antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 4, further comprising a ground layer (4), wherein the ground layer (4) is arranged between the first dielectric plate (1) and the second dielectric plate (2), a through hole (41) for the first metallized via hole to pass through is arranged on the ground layer (4), a feed port (114) on each antenna unit (11) passes through the through hole (41) on the ground layer (4) by using the first metallized via hole and is connected with a microwave switch (21) on a corresponding feed network, a first feed hole (117) is arranged in the middle of each radiation patch (111), a plurality of feed ports (114) are distributed around the first feed hole (117), a second feed hole (24) is arranged in the middle of each feed network, a plurality of microwave switches (21) are distributed around the second feed hole (24), the first feed hole (117) and the second feed hole (24) are all connected with the ground layer, and a ground point (42) is formed on the ground layer.
10. An antenna array with frequency agility and controllable polarization and pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed network is attached to the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (2) by a PCB board copper plating process.
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| CN106410416A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | 南京理工大学 | Frequency and polarization reconfigurable microstrip antenna based on varactor diodes |
| CN107887694A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of frequency/polarization/direction figure independence restructural paster antenna for strengthening polarization reconfigurable ability using liquid crystal material |
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