CN214797722U

CN214797722U - Adjustable slot array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide

Info

Publication number: CN214797722U
Application number: CN202120399902.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温维佳; 胡传灯; 曾永华
Original assignee: Shenzhen Huanbo Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Huanbo Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-22
Filing date: 2021-02-22
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable slot array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide, which comprises an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal plate and a second metal plate; the upper dielectric substrate is provided with rows of metal holes to form a substrate integrated waveguide structure; the upper-layer dielectric substrate is provided with an SMA connector, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider and a slot array, wherein the substrate integrated waveguide power divider is fed into the slot array through a single port and is shunted to the other port to form a traveling wave antenna; each slit unit of the slit array is provided with a rectangular metal sheet, the rectangular metal sheet and the first metal plate are welded with Pin diodes, and the Pin diodes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rectangular metal sheet. The utility model discloses a switch of direct current bias voltage control diode is applyed to the diode and the beam of control antenna has reduced the size of antenna, has reduced the cost of manufacture.

Description

Adjustable slot array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electromagnetism microwave technical field, concretely relates to can regulate and control gap array antenna based on integrated waveguide of substrate.

Background

An antenna is an important component of a wireless communication system, and its main function is to transmit and receive wireless signals. With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, the performance requirements on the antenna itself are higher and higher, and the requirements on the antenna beam directivity are higher and higher, such as the beam scanning capability is realized.

Among the prior art, the most common array antennas are known as phased array antennas. Although the phased array antenna has the beam scanning control capability, a complex feed network and a large number of phase shifters are needed, and the spacing between array elements generally needs to be one-half wavelength, so that the overall size of the phased array antenna is large, the structure is complex, and the manufacturing cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a can regulate and control gap array antenna based on integrated waveguide of substrate, solve traditional array antenna bulky, with high costs and the complicated problem of beam direction control, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing antenna stable performance, great reduction antenna's area, the cost of great reduction antenna.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adjustable slot array antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, comprising an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the upper dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal plate and a second metal plate; the upper dielectric substrate is provided with rows of metal holes to form a substrate integrated waveguide structure; the upper-layer dielectric substrate is provided with an SMA connector, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider and a slot array, wherein the substrate integrated waveguide power divider is fed into the slot array through a single port and is shunted to the other port to form a traveling wave antenna; each slot unit of the slot array is provided with a rectangular metal sheet, the rectangular metal sheet and the first metal plate are welded with Pin diodes, and the Pin diodes are symmetrically arranged on the rectangular metal sheet and the substrate integrated waveguide power divider.

In some embodiments, a microstrip matching line is disposed on the upper dielectric substrate for matching the SMA connector with the substrate integrated waveguide power divider.

In some embodiments, the substrate integrated waveguide power divider is provided with symmetrical through holes to adjust the performance.

In some embodiments, each of the slot cells is alternately arranged offset from a central axis of the substrate integrated waveguide power splitter.

In some embodiments, a metalized through hole passing through the upper and lower dielectric substrates is formed in the center of the rectangular metal sheet, a circular gap is left on the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate to avoid short circuit during direct current control, and the position of the circle center of the circular gap is the same as the position of the circle center of the metalized through hole in the rectangular metal sheet.

In some embodiments, a dc bias network is disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate, and a fan-shaped structure is disposed on the dc bias network. Thereby, interference to the antenna can be prevented.

In some embodiments, the metalized via is connected to the dc bias network.

In some embodiments, a dc bias voltage can be provided to control the pin diode through the dc bias network, which in turn can achieve beam control.

In some embodiments, the substrate integrated waveguide power divider may be replaced by a wilkins power divider.

In some embodiments, the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate is further provided with symmetrical metal strips, two ends of the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate are provided with rectangular metal strips, the symmetrical metal strips and the rectangular metal strips are provided with through holes penetrating through the two dielectric substrates, and the rectangular metal strips can be directly connected with the first metal plate through the through holes, so that the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate are seamlessly attached. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the antenna can be simplified, the antenna can be well grounded through the rectangular metal strip, and the overall structure of the antenna is compact and stable.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model provides a pair of can regulate and control slot array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide feeds into the slot array through single port via the integrated waveguide merit of substrate divider, has effectively reduced the coupling degree between the array element, puts the switch diode in the gap simultaneously, and the switch control antenna's beam direction through direct current bias voltage control diode's on-off control beam direction's method compares traditional antenna control beam direction, has greatly reduced the size of antenna, great reduction array antenna's cost of manufacture, messenger's antenna overall structure is compact stable; in the case of removing phase shifters, the degree of freedom of the antenna beam direction is not decreased on the contrary, and the permutation combination of antenna beam control grows exponentially as the number of array elements increases.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjustable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a substrate integrated waveguide power divider;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the slot array structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural effect of each slit unit;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of a Pin diode;

FIG. 6 is a top view of an upper dielectric substrate;

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of an upper dielectric substrate;

FIG. 8 is a top view of an underlying dielectric substrate;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of an underlying dielectric substrate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Fig. 1 shows the overall structure diagram of the adjustable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of the present invention, which includes an upper dielectric substrate 1 and a lower dielectric substrate 2, wherein the upper dielectric substrate 1 is provided with an SMA connector 7, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8 and a slot array 10 to form a main structure of the antenna, and the upper dielectric substrate 1 is further provided with a microstrip match line 6 for matching the SMA connector 7 and the substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8; the substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8 is fed into the slot array 10 through a single port, and then is combined to another port to form a traveling wave antenna.

In some embodiments, the substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8 may be replaced by a wilkins power divider.

As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of the power divider 8 for the substrate integrated waveguide, the upper dielectric substrate 1 is provided with rows of metal holes 5 to form a substrate integrated waveguide structure. The head of the SMA connector 7 is fed into the microstrip matching line 6 and then enters a structure of a substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8 which is divided into eight parts, and symmetrical through holes 9 are formed in the substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8 to adjust the performance of the substrate integrated waveguide power divider 8; symmetrical metal strips 18 are arranged on the upper surface of the upper-layer dielectric substrate 1, and rows of through holes 20 penetrating through the two dielectric plates are arranged on the symmetrical metal strips 18.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, which are top and bottom views of the lower dielectric substrate 2, rectangular metal strips 19 are disposed at two ends of the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 2. The through holes 20 penetrate through the rectangular metal strips 19, the upper layer dielectric substrate and the lower layer dielectric substrate can be in seamless butt joint, the manufacturing process of the antenna is simplified, good grounding of the antenna is achieved through the rectangular metal strips 19, and the whole structure of the antenna is compact and stable.

As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural effect of the slot array 10, the slot units 11 are divided into 4 × 8 array sections.

As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic structural effect diagram of each slit unit 11, a rectangular metal sheet 12 is disposed in each slit unit 11, Pin diodes 13 are welded to two sides of the rectangular metal sheet 12, and the connection positions of the Pin diodes 13 are shown in fig. 5. A metalized through hole 14 penetrating through the upper and lower layers of dielectric substrates is formed in the center of the rectangular metal sheet 12, a direct current bias network 15 is arranged on the lower surface of the lower layer of dielectric substrate 2, the metalized through hole 14 is connected with the direct current bias network 15, and the direct current bias voltage provided by the direct current bias network 15 is used for controlling the switch of the Pin diode 13 so as to control the beam direction of the antenna; the fan-shaped structure 16 arranged on the direct current bias network 15 can prevent interference to the antenna, a circular gap 17 is reserved on the lower surface of the upper-layer medium substrate 1 to avoid short circuit during direct current control, and the circle center position of the circular gap 17 is the same as that of the metallized through hole 14 on the rectangular metal sheet.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, which are top and bottom views of the upper dielectric substrate 1, the upper and lower surfaces of the upper dielectric substrate 1 are covered with a first metal plate 3 and a second metal plate 4, respectively. The metallized via 14 may be directly connected to the first metal plate 3.

In this example, the upper and lower dielectric substrates are made of Rogers4350B board, have a relative dielectric constant of 3.6, an area of 276.8mm × 145mm, and have a thickness of 0.762mm, and are seamlessly adhered by the adhesive. The working frequency of the antenna is 5.8GHz, the length of each slot unit in the slot array is 0.36 free space wavelength, the distance of each unit of the slot array along the horizontal direction is 0.5 wavelength, the distance along the vertical direction is the waveguide equivalent width of the substrate integrated waveguide, and the number of the units of the slot array is 4 multiplied by 8. Two Pin diodes 13 are integrated on the rectangular metal sheet 12 in the middle of each slot unit 11 of the slot array 10, the radiation state of the slot unit 11 is controlled by controlling the on-off state of the Pin diodes 13, the radiation efficiency of the antenna reaches 60% when the Pin diodes 13 are switched off, the radiation efficiency of the antenna approaches 0 when the Pin diodes 13 are switched on, and the unit control effect is obvious.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a can regulate and control slot array antenna based on integrated waveguide of substrate which characterized in that: the dielectric substrate comprises an upper dielectric substrate and a lower dielectric substrate, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper dielectric substrate are respectively covered with a first metal plate and a second metal plate; the upper dielectric substrate is provided with rows of metal holes to form a substrate integrated waveguide structure; the upper-layer dielectric substrate is provided with an SMA connector, a substrate integrated waveguide power divider and a slot array, wherein the substrate integrated waveguide power divider is fed into the slot array through a single port and is shunted to the other port to form a traveling wave antenna; each slit unit of the slit array is provided with a rectangular metal sheet, the rectangular metal sheet and the first metal plate are welded with Pin diodes, and the Pin diodes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rectangular metal sheet.

2. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein: and a microstrip matched line is arranged on the upper-layer dielectric substrate and is used for matching the SMA connector and the substrate integrated waveguide power divider.

3. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 2, wherein: and symmetrical through holes are arranged on the substrate integrated waveguide power divider to adjust the performance.

4. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein: and each slot unit deviates from the central axis of the substrate integrated waveguide power divider and is arranged alternately.

5. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein: the center of the rectangular metal sheet is provided with a metalized through hole penetrating through the upper and lower layers of medium substrates, a circular gap is reserved on the lower surface of the upper layer of medium substrate to avoid short circuit during direct current control, and the circle center position of the circular gap is the same as that of the metalized through hole on the rectangular metal sheet.

6. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 5, wherein: the lower surface of the lower medium substrate is provided with a direct current bias network, and the direct current bias network is provided with a fan-shaped structure.

7. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 6, wherein: the metalized through holes are connected with the direct current bias network.

8. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 7, wherein: the direct current bias voltage can be provided by the direct current bias network to control the pin diode, and then the control of the wave beam can be realized.

9. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein: the substrate integrated waveguide power divider can be replaced by a Wilkins power divider.

10. The tunable slot array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the upper medium substrate is also provided with symmetrical metal strips, the two ends of the lower surface of the lower medium substrate are provided with rectangular metal strips, the symmetrical metal strips and the rectangular metal strips are provided with through holes penetrating through the two medium substrates, and the rectangular metal strips can be directly connected with the first metal plate through the through holes, so that the upper medium substrate and the lower medium substrate are seamlessly attached.