CN113565431A - Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer - Google Patents
Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113565431A CN113565431A CN202110995476.3A CN202110995476A CN113565431A CN 113565431 A CN113565431 A CN 113565431A CN 202110995476 A CN202110995476 A CN 202110995476A CN 113565431 A CN113565431 A CN 113565431A
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- air compressor
- hole hammer
- pneumatic down
- unloading
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
- F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
- F04B37/12—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pressure control method of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, which adopts a pressure control system, wherein the pressure control system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder, a pressure controller, an unloading pressure valve and a positioner; the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer; the pressure controller is connected with the air compressor, the unloading pressure valve is arranged on the air compressor, and the unloading pressure valve is connected with the positioner; the current unloading pressure of the air compressor is adjusted in real time by detecting the current drilling hole depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, setting the unloading pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer during initial drilling, and formulating the mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor. According to the invention, through the mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, the working pressure of the air compressor can be adjusted in real time according to the drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer damage caused by overhigh working pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is avoided in the initial drilling stage, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer can be maintained at a certain working efficiency when the hole depth exceeds a certain distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a pressure control method of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.
Background
The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is a pneumatic impact rock breaking tool using compressed air as power, has obtained good effect in the foundation construction of rock-entering piles in hard rock and gravel stratum, and is widely applied to various hole-forming construction operations due to the advantages of high drilling speed, good hole-forming quality, no slurry pollution and the like.
The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer drilling process mainly has two parameters: air pressure and flow rate. The two parameters mainly meet the requirements of the two aspects, namely meeting the power required by the rock breaking of the impactor and meeting the requirement of discharging rock slag in the hole out of the hole to avoid repeated breaking. Because the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer requires large air volume and air pressure, the conventional low-pressure small-flow air compressor can not meet the requirements, and a special high-pressure large-flow air compressor is required. In the initial drilling stage, compressed air at the outlet of the air compressor directly acts on the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, if the unloading pressure of the air compressor is set to be too high, once the slag discharge channel is blocked, the pressure acting on the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer exceeds the allowable pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is damaged, so that the unloading pressure of the air compressor is reduced in the initial drilling stage of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. Along with the increase of the drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the gas pressure loss between the air compressor and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is synchronously increased, the air pressure acting on the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is reduced, the working efficiency of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is reduced, and under the working condition, if the working efficiency of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is kept unchanged, the unloading pressure of the air compressor needs to be improved.
Most of existing brands of air compressors adopt an air compressor pressure control method similar to that provided by Hangzhou Jiangnan pressure gauges, the unloading pressure of the air compressor can be adjusted on an air compressor local control panel, and when the drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer changes, an operator needs to perform a series of operations on the air compressor local operation panel to reset the unloading pressure. This increases the workload of the operator to a certain extent, while a danger may be triggered if the operation is not appropriate, thus placing higher demands on the operation level of the operator.
The invention patent CN201610661533.X solves the problems to a certain extent, can automatically identify the working state of a drilling machine, enables the air compressor to have the capability of automatically adjusting the unloading pressure under different working conditions by matching the unloading pressure of the air compressor under different working states, and avoids excessive unnecessary power consumption. However, the invention solves the problem of automatic adjustment of the unloading pressure, but only selects the unloading pressure of three gears as the working pressure in five working states, and is not combined with the drilling depth
In view of the above, there is a need for a method for controlling the pressure of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer to solve the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pressure control method of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, and aims to solve the problems that the air compressor in the prior art is inconvenient to unload pressure and is stepless to adjust in real time.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a pressure control method of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, which adopts a pressure control system, wherein the pressure control system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder, a pressure controller, an unloading pressure valve and a positioner; the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer; the pressure controller is connected with the air compressor, the unloading pressure valve is arranged on the air compressor, and the unloading pressure valve is connected with the positioner;
the pressure control method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer;
step two: setting the unloading pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer during initial drilling;
step three: and (4) formulating a mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, and adjusting the current unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time.
Furthermore, a stroke sensor is arranged inside the propulsion oil cylinder and used for detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.
Further, the relation between the air compressor unloading pressure and the drilling depth is obtained through a simulation or test method, and a one-to-one mapping relation is formed through a linear interpolation method.
Further, the outlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure of the compressed air at the outlet of the air compressor and feeding back the pressure value to the pressure controller.
Furthermore, according to the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor, the pressure controller adjusts the output unloading pressure through PID control, and prevents large errors caused by electric signal interference.
Further, writing the mapping relation between the unloading pressure of the air compressor and the drilling depth into a PLC program of the pressure controller; and the pressure controller adjusts the unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time according to the real-time depth and the mapping relation of the drill holes in the PLC program.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through the mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, the working pressure of the air compressor can be adjusted in real time according to the drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer damage caused by overhigh working pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is avoided in the initial drilling stage, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer can be maintained at a certain working efficiency when the hole depth exceeds a certain distance.
(2) In the invention, the positioner is utilized to control the position of the unloading pressure valve to control the stroke closed-loop control, thereby ensuring the adjustment precision of the unloading pressure and preventing the electric signal from generating larger error due to interference signals.
(3) In the invention, the pressure controller automatically adjusts the unloading pressure of the air compressor through a PLC program, thereby reducing the labor intensity of field operators and realizing intelligent construction.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a pressure control method in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features, advantages, and the like of the present invention more clearly understandable, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, a method for controlling the pressure of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer employs a pressure control system, which includes a thrust cylinder, a pressure controller, an unloading pressure valve, and a positioner; the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer; the pressure controller is connected with the air compressor, the unloading pressure valve is arranged on the air compressor and connected with the positioner, and the positioner detects the position of the unloading pressure valve in real time; the pressure control method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer; and a stroke sensor is arranged in the propelling oil cylinder and used for detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. The thrust cylinder provides axial force for the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, so that the hammer head of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is tightly attached to an excavation surface. The stroke sensor detects the real-time extension length of the propulsion oil cylinder, and the accumulated extension length of the propulsion oil cylinder is the real-time depth of the drilled hole.
Step two: setting the unloading pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer during initial drilling; the unloading pressure of a press is set as P when the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is initially drilled0The unloading pressure of the air compressor at the deepest part of the drilled hole is set as Pmax。
Step three: and (4) formulating a mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, and adjusting the current unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time.
The unloading pressure of the air compressor is related to the drilling depth, the pressure loss of an air flue inside the down-the-hole hammer and the pressure difference required by the down-the-hole hammer to do work. When the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is used, the pressure loss of an internal air passage and the pressure difference required by work are constant values.
The relation between the air compressor unloading pressure and the drilling depth is obtained through a simulation or test method, and a one-to-one mapping relation is formed through a linear interpolation method.
And the outlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the compressed air at the outlet of the air compressor and feeding back the pressure value to the pressure controller. According to the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor, the pressure controller adjusts the output unloading pressure through PID control, and large errors caused by electric signal interference are prevented.
Writing the mapping relation between the unloading pressure of the air compressor and the drilling depth into a PLC program of the pressure controller; and the pressure controller adjusts the unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time according to the real-time depth and the mapping relation of the drill holes in the PLC program.
According to the pressure control method for the air compressor for the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the working pressure of the air compressor can be adjusted in real time according to the drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer through the mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh working pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer in the initial drilling stage, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer can be maintained at certain working efficiency when the hole depth exceeds a certain distance. The positioner is utilized to control the position of the unloading pressure valve to carry out closed-loop control on the stroke, so that the adjustment precision of the unloading pressure is ensured, and the electric signal is prevented from generating larger errors due to interference signals. The pressure controller automatically adjusts the unloading pressure of the air compressor through a PLC program, the labor intensity of field operators is reduced, and intelligent construction is realized.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A pressure control method of an air compressor for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is characterized in that a pressure control system is adopted, and the pressure control system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder, a pressure controller, an unloading pressure valve and a positioner; the propulsion oil cylinder is connected with the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer; the pressure controller is connected with the air compressor, the unloading pressure valve is arranged on the air compressor, and the unloading pressure valve is connected with the positioner;
the pressure control method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer;
step two: setting the unloading pressure of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer during initial drilling;
step three: and (4) formulating a mapping relation between the hole depth and the unloading pressure of the air compressor, and adjusting the current unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time.
2. The method for controlling the pressure of the air compressor for the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1, wherein a stroke sensor is arranged inside the propulsion cylinder, and the stroke sensor is used for detecting the current drilling depth of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.
3. The method for controlling the pressure of the air compressor for the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 1, wherein the relationship between the unloading pressure of the air compressor and the depth of the drilled hole is obtained by simulation or test method, and a one-to-one mapping relationship is formed by linear interpolation.
4. The air compressor pressure control method for the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the air compressor outlet is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the compressed air at the air compressor outlet and feeding back the pressure value to the pressure controller.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pressure controller adjusts the discharge pressure by PID control according to the pressure fed back from the pressure sensor, thereby preventing a large error due to electric signal interference.
6. The air compressor pressure control method for a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that a mapping relationship between an air compressor unloading pressure and a drilling depth is written in a PLC program of a pressure controller; and the pressure controller adjusts the unloading pressure of the air compressor in real time according to the real-time depth and the mapping relation of the drill holes in the PLC program.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110995476.3A CN113565431A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110995476.3A CN113565431A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer |
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| CN113565431A true CN113565431A (en) | 2021-10-29 |
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| CN202110995476.3A Pending CN113565431A (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Pressure control method of air compressor for pneumatic down-the-hole hammer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114740725A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 中交投资南京有限公司 | Pressure data processing method and control method for through-type down-the-hole hammer and terminal |
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