CN217301064U

CN217301064U - Hydraulic breaking hammer and engineering machinery

Info

Publication number: CN217301064U
Application number: CN202220880993.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘象宝; 吴元峰; 袁野; 何东博; 周文涛
Original assignee: Zoomlion Earth Moving Machinery Co Ltd; Shaanxi Zoomlion West Earthmoving Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zoomlion Earth Moving Machinery Co Ltd; Shaanxi Zoomlion West Earthmoving Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-15
Filing date: 2022-04-15
Publication date: 2022-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-15

Abstract

The utility model relates to a quartering hammer discloses a hydraulic quartering hammer and engineering machine tool, and this hydraulic quartering hammer includes hammer block, directional control valve, guide's proportion pressure control valve, oil inlet and oil return opening, be provided with the well cylinder body chamber that is used for installing the piston rod in the hammer block, well cylinder body chamber is including the upper portion cavity and the lower part cavity that set gradually from top to bottom, the upper portion cavity passes through the directional control valve with the oil inlet is connected, the lower part cavity with the oil inlet is connected, guide's proportion pressure control valve is installed the directional control valve with on the oil circuit between the oil return opening, in order to control the return pressure of upper portion cavity. The utility model discloses a hydraulic crushing hammer can the striking frequency of automatically regulated quartering hammer, promotes crushing efficiency, practices thrift the energy consumption.

Description

Hydraulic breaking hammer and engineering machinery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a quartering hammer specifically relates to a hydraulic pressure quartering hammer. In addition, still relate to a engineering machine who has said hydraulic breaking hammer.

Background

The hydraulic breaking hammer is a device which takes hydraulic energy as a power source and converts the hydraulic energy into mechanical striking kinetic energy in the movement process so as to enable a piston rod to push a drill rod to carry out breaking operation. As a crushing tool, the crusher has the characteristics of low noise, excellent crushing performance, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like.

The hydraulic breaking hammer is generally mounted on an excavator and works by using hydraulic energy provided by the excavator. The working efficiency of the breaking hammer lies in the kinetic energy and frequency of a drill rod impacting an object, under the condition of determined pressure and flow, the striking force is inversely proportional to the striking frequency, and for the traditional hydraulic breaking hammer, the adjustment of the striking frequency must be completed by manually adjusting the oil return back pressure of the breaking hammer.

The impact frequency of the traditional breaking hammer is generally adjusted by adjusting a valve regulator on a cylinder body in the breaking hammer and manually adjusting the throttle area of a backpressure valve, so that the oil return backpressure of the breaking hammer is controlled, and the breaking striking frequency is changed.

The difference in hardness is large due to the different stones. Under different crushing working conditions, the hitting frequency of the breaking hammer needs to be adjusted frequently and manually to improve the hitting force of the breaking hammer. When hard stones are encountered, proper striking frequency and striking speed can be selected usually through several judgments and several manual debugs, and therefore working efficiency is affected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a hydraulic breaking hammer is provided, this hydraulic breaking hammer can the striking frequency of automatically regulated quartering hammer, promotes crushing efficiency, practices thrift the energy consumption.

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an engineering machine tool is provided, this engineering machine tool's hydraulic pressure quartering hammer can the striking frequency of automatically regulated quartering hammer, promotes crushing efficiency, practices thrift the energy consumption.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an aspect provides a hydraulic breaking hammer, including hammer block, directional control valve, guide's proportion pressure control valve, oil inlet and oil return opening, be provided with the well cylinder chamber that is used for installing the piston rod in the hammer block, well cylinder chamber is including the upper portion cavity and the lower part cavity that set gradually from top to bottom, the upper portion cavity passes through the directional control valve with the oil inlet is connected, the lower part cavity with the oil inlet is connected, guide's proportion pressure control valve is installed the directional control valve with on the oil circuit between the oil return opening, in order to control the return pressure of upper portion cavity.

Optionally, the middle cylinder cavity further comprises a first middle cavity located between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the control cavity at one end of the directional control valve is connected with the first middle cavity, and the control cavity at the other end of the directional control valve is connected with the oil inlet.

Further, well cylinder chamber still include with the second middle part cavity that the oil return opening is connected, upper portion cavity, second middle part cavity, first middle part cavity and lower part cavity set gradually from top to bottom.

Optionally, the hydraulic control system further comprises a high-pressure accumulator, and the high-pressure accumulator is mounted on an oil path between the directional control valve and the oil inlet.

Optionally, the pilot proportional pressure control valve is a pilot proportional relief valve.

Further, the relief pressure of the pilot proportional relief valve is inversely proportional to the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer.

Optionally, a drill rod is mounted to the lower end of the piston rod.

Optionally, a control oil port for controlling the pilot pressure is arranged on the pilot proportional pressure control valve.

Optionally, the area over which the upper chamber oil pressure acts is greater than the area over which the lower chamber oil pressure acts.

Optionally, a nitrogen chamber is arranged on the hammer body, and the upper end of the piston rod is installed in the nitrogen chamber.

The utility model discloses another aspect provides an engineering machine tool is provided with any one of above-mentioned technical scheme hydraulic crushing hammer.

Through the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model discloses set up guide's proportional pressure control valve on the oil return oil circuit to can adjust the return pressure of upper portion cavity according to broken operating mode, realize effectively promoting work efficiency to the control regulation of the strike frequency of hydraulic breaking hammer, reduce the waste of energy.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a hydraulic demolition hammer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of pilot pressure versus relief pressure in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a graph of the relationship between the overflow pressure and the frequency of impact of the breaking hammer according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1 hammer 11 Upper Cavity

12 lower chamber 13 first middle chamber

14 second middle cavity 2 direction control valve

3 piston rod of pilot proportional pressure control valve 4

5 high pressure accumulator 6 drill rod

P oil inlet of 7 nitrogen chamber

T oil return port K control oil port

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely for purposes of illustration and explanation, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any combination thereof. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, and therefore the features defined "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features described.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation term is based on the orientation of the hydraulic breaking hammer itself, and for convenience of description and simplicity of description, the term "up and down" refers to the up and down direction of the hydraulic breaking hammer, for example, referring to fig. 1, the piston rod 4 is located above, and relatively, the drill rod 6 is located below; the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings are for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a hydraulic breaking hammer, including hammer block 1, directional control valve 2, guide's proportion pressure control valve 3, oil inlet P and oil return opening T, be provided with well cylinder chamber in the hammer block 1, piston rod 4 installs in well cylinder chamber, well cylinder chamber is including upper portion cavity 11 and the lower part cavity 12 that from top to bottom sets gradually, upper portion cavity 11 passes through directional control valve 2 with oil inlet P connects, lower part cavity 12 with oil inlet P connects, guide's proportion pressure control valve 3 is installed directional control valve 2 with on the oil circuit between the oil return opening T, in order to control the return pressure of upper portion cavity 11.

Typically, a drill rod 6 is mounted to the lower end of the piston rod 4 for crushing operations.

In the initial state, the piston rod 4 is located at the lowest end position; hydraulic oil enters the lower cavity 12 from the oil inlet P, the piston rod 4 starts to move upwards under the action of high pressure of the lower cavity 12, meanwhile, the directional control valve 2 is controlled to enable the upper cavity 11 to be communicated with the oil return port T through the directional control valve 2, the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 is arranged between the directional control valve 2 and the oil return port T, and the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity 11 returns oil; when the piston rod 4 rises for a certain distance, the direction control valve 2 is controlled to change the direction, so that the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the oil inlet P through the direction control valve 2, hydraulic oil also enters the upper cavity 11 from the oil inlet P, and the piston rod 4 moves downwards under the high pressure action of the upper cavity 11; and (5) circularly repeating the processes to perform crushing operation. Because the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 is arranged between the directional control valve 2 and the oil return port T, and the upper cavity 11 is determined by the set pressure of the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3, the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer can be controlled, namely, the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer can be automatically controlled through the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3, the working efficiency is effectively improved, and the energy loss is reduced. In particular, in the aspect of hydraulic control, the remote adjustment of the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer according to the breaking working condition can be realized.

In the specific embodiment, the area of the upper cavity 11 acted by the oil pressure is larger than that of the lower cavity 12 acted by the oil pressure, so that after the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the oil inlet P through the directional control valve 2, the piston rod 4 can move downwards under the action of the oil pressure difference between the inside of the upper cavity 11 and the inside of the lower cavity 12.

Further, a nitrogen chamber 7 may be provided on the hammer body 1, and the upper end of the piston rod 4 is installed in the nitrogen chamber 7. In the process that the piston rod 4 moves upwards, nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 7 is compressed, so that the nitrogen chamber 7 stores energy; during the downward movement of the piston rod 4, the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas chamber 7 can give a downward force to the piston rod 4.

In addition, a high-pressure accumulator 5 can be arranged, specifically, the high-pressure accumulator 5 is arranged on an oil path between the directional control valve 2 and the oil inlet P, the high-pressure accumulator 5 can store redundant energy provided by a hydraulic system, and when the piston rod 4 moves downwards, hydraulic oil can be supplemented to the upper cavity 11.

As a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the middle cylinder cavity further includes a first middle cavity 13, the first middle cavity 13 is located between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 12, the control cavity at one end of the directional control valve 2 is connected to the first middle cavity 13, and the control cavity at the other end of the directional control valve 2 is connected to the oil inlet P. Wherein the first middle chamber 13 acts as a signal chamber. When the piston rod 4 starts to move upwards, the control cavity at the other end of the directional control valve 2 is connected with the oil inlet P, so that the directional control valve 2 is in a state of conducting the upper cavity 11 with an oil return path, when the piston rod 4 moves upwards to enable the first middle cavity 13 to be conducted with the lower cavity 12, namely the first middle cavity 13 is acted by high pressure, the first middle cavity 13 is connected with the control cavity at one end of the directional control valve 2, so that the directional control valve 2 is controlled to change direction, the upper cavity 11 is conducted with the oil inlet P through the directional control valve 2, and the piston rod 4 starts to move downwards; the control of the cyclic movement of the piston rod 4 is realized.

Further, the middle cylinder cavity further comprises a second middle cavity 14, the second middle cavity 14 is connected with the oil return port T, and the upper cavity 11, the second middle cavity 14, the first middle cavity 13 and the lower cavity 12 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The second middle cavity 14 is connected with the first middle cavity 13, so that high-pressure oil in the first middle cavity 13 flows back through the second middle cavity 14, and the first middle cavity 13 can be ensured to be in a low-pressure state before the piston rod 4 moves upwards to enable the first middle cavity 13 to be communicated with the lower cavity 12. That is, after the piston rod 4 moves downward to cut off the first middle chamber 13 and the lower chamber 12, the direction control valve 2 is reversed again, so that the upper chamber 11 is conducted again with the oil return path through the direction control valve 2.

In an embodiment, the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 may be a pilot proportional relief valve, or other pilot proportional valve capable of controlling pressure. Further, a control port K may be provided in the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 for controlling the set pressure of the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3.

Further, the control port K may supply the pilot pressure to control the relief pressure of the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3, and referring to fig. 3, the larger the pilot pressure is, the larger the relief pressure is, and the pilot pressure is in a proportional relationship with the relief pressure. Referring to fig. 4, as the relief pressure increases, the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer is gradually decreased, i.e., the greater the relief pressure, the smaller the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer, and the relief pressure is inversely proportional to the striking frequency.

As a specific embodiment, the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 may be integrated in the hydraulic breaker, and specifically, referring to fig. 2, the directional control valve 2 is disposed in the hammer body 1, one oil port of the directional control valve 2 is connected to the upper cavity 11 in the hammer body 1, the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 is mounted on the hammer body 1, and the oil return port of the directional control valve 2 is connected to one oil port of the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3.

For a better understanding of the present invention, a solution with relatively comprehensive technical features is described below.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the hydraulic breaking hammer of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a hammer body 1, a directional control valve 2, a pilot proportional pressure control valve 3, an oil inlet P and an oil return port T; a middle cylinder cavity is arranged in the hammer body 1, the piston rod 4 is arranged in the middle cylinder cavity, a drill rod 6 is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod 4, a nitrogen chamber 7 is arranged on the hammer body 1, the upper end of the piston rod 4 is arranged in the nitrogen chamber 7, the middle cylinder cavity comprises an upper cavity 11, a second middle cavity 14, a first middle cavity 13 and a lower cavity 12 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper cavity 11 is connected with an oil inlet P through a directional control valve 2, the lower cavity 12 is connected with the oil inlet P, a pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 is arranged on an oil path between the directional control valve 2 and an oil return port T, and a high-pressure energy accumulator 5 is arranged on the oil path between the directional control valve 2 and the oil inlet P. The directional control valve 2 may be a two-position three-way reversing valve, and the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 may be a pilot proportional overflow valve.

The oil inlet P is connected with an oil supply path of a hydraulic system of the engineering machinery, and the oil return port T is connected with an oil return path of the hydraulic system of the engineering machinery. In an initial state, the piston rod 4 is at the lowest end position, when crushing operation is started, hydraulic oil enters the lower cavity 12 through the oil inlet P, redundant hydraulic oil flows into the high-pressure energy accumulator 5 to be stored, meanwhile, the oil inlet P is connected with the control cavity at one end of the directional control valve 2, the directional control valve 2 is in a state that the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 through the directional control valve 2, under the action of high pressure in the lower cavity 12, the piston rod 4 starts to move upwards and compresses nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 7, the nitrogen chamber 7 is enabled to store energy, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the upper cavity 11 flows through the directional control valve 2 and the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 in sequence to flow to the oil return port T; when the piston rod 4 moves upwards to enable the lower cavity 12 to be communicated with the first middle cavity 13, the first middle cavity 13 is acted by high pressure and acts on a control cavity at the other end of the directional control valve 2 through an oil way, the directional control valve 2 is reversed, the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the oil inlet P through the directional control valve 2, hydraulic oil starts to flow into the upper cavity 11 through the oil inlet P, meanwhile, the high-pressure energy accumulator 5 also starts to supplement the hydraulic oil to the upper cavity 11, the area of the oil pressure action of the upper cavity 11 is larger than that of the oil pressure action of the lower cavity 12, and the piston rod 4 is acted by the downward force of the nitrogen chamber 7 on the piston rod 4, so that the piston rod 4 moves downwards to impact the drill rod 6 to be crushed. When the piston rod 4 moves downwards to cut off the lower cavity 12 and the first middle cavity 13, the hydraulic oil in the first middle cavity 13 returns through the second middle cavity 14, the direction control valve 2 is reversed again, and the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 again through the direction control valve 2. The above processes are repeated circularly to realize continuous crushing operation.

Because the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 is arranged on the oil return path between the direction control valve 2 and the oil return port T, the set pressure of the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 can be adjusted according to the working condition, so that the striking frequency of the hydraulic breaking hammer can be remotely adjusted, the striking force can be improved, the breaking efficiency can be improved, and the energy loss can be reduced; and manual repeated judgment and debugging are not needed, so that the production efficiency is effectively improved. In addition, the pilot proportional pressure control valve 3 can be well matched with the striking frequency, so that the hydraulic breaking hammer has proper striking force and striking frequency.

In general, the hydraulic breaking hammer of the present invention needs to be installed on a specific construction machine, for example, as a main machine function of the construction machine such as an excavator or a loader.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical concept of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention to perform various simple modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not separately describe various possible combinations.

In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, and the disclosed content should be regarded as the present invention as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic breaking hammer, its characterized in that, includes hammer block (1), directional control valve (2), guide's proportional pressure control valve (3), oil inlet (P) and oil return opening (T), be provided with the well cylinder chamber that is used for installing piston rod (4) in hammer block (1), well cylinder chamber is including upper portion cavity (11) and lower part cavity (12) that from top to bottom set gradually, upper portion cavity (11) pass through directional control valve (2) with oil inlet (P) are connected, lower part cavity (12) with oil inlet (P) are connected, guide's proportional pressure control valve (3) are installed directional control valve (2) with on the oil circuit between oil return opening (T), in order to control the oil return pressure of upper portion cavity (11).

2. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein the middle cylinder chamber further comprises a first middle chamber (13) between the upper chamber (11) and the lower chamber (12), the control chamber at one end of the directional control valve (2) is connected to the first middle chamber (13), and the control chamber at the other end thereof is connected to the oil inlet (P).

3. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that the middle cylinder chamber further comprises a second middle chamber (14) connected to the oil return port (T), and the upper chamber (11), the second middle chamber (14), the first middle chamber (13) and the lower chamber (12) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

4. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a high pressure accumulator (5), the high pressure accumulator (5) being mounted on the oil path between the directional control valve (2) and the oil inlet (P).

5. A hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that the pilot proportional pressure control valve (3) is a pilot proportional overflow valve.

6. The hydraulic demolition hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that the relief pressure of the pilot-proportional relief valve is inversely proportional to the striking frequency of the hydraulic demolition hammer.

7. A hydraulic demolition hammer according to claim 1, characterised in that the lower end of the piston rod (4) is fitted with a drill rod (6).

8. The hydraulic breaking hammer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a control oil port (K) for controlling a pilot pressure is provided on the pilot proportional pressure control valve (3).

9. A hydraulic breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the area over which the oil pressure acts in the upper chamber (11) is greater than the area over which the oil pressure acts in the lower chamber (12).

10. A hydraulic demolition hammer according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the hammer block (1) is provided with a nitrogen chamber (7), the upper end of the piston rod (4) being mounted in the nitrogen chamber (7).

11. A working machine, characterized in that a hydraulic breaking hammer according to any one of claims 1-10 is provided.