KR20180126309A - Method and Apparatus for Energy Saving of Hydraulic Drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for saving energy of a drilling rig. Prior to drilling operation, a grade of rock quality is determined through a test hole. When driving the drilling rig to maintain the target drilling speed set accordingly, an engine unit and hydraulic and pneumatic devices are controlled to drive power only by a required pneumatic and hydraulic load. Therefore, only the required energy is supplied proportionally.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENERGY SAVING OF HYDRAULIC DRILL

The present invention relates to a drilling rig, which controls percussion pressure, feed pressure, rotation pressure, flushing flow, and puncture speed depending on the rock quality during drilling of a rock, Energy-saving devices and methods for drilling excavators that use energy.

Generally, a hydraulic drill is a device for excavating rock, soil, or concrete structures using hydraulic drill blades at a construction site. When the strength is high, such as rock, sand, concrete, etc., there is a problem that excavation is difficult because excavation is performed only by rotational force.

A hydraulic drilling apparatus used for drilling such a rock is generally composed of a main power supply apparatus that consumes fuel such as an engine and a hydraulic pump and an air compressor that generate hydraulic pressure and pneumatic pressure using the rotational force of the main power supply apparatus .

1 is a block diagram of a hydraulic drilling apparatus according to the prior art, which comprises an engine unit 10 for supplying a main power for generating a hydraulic pressure or a pneumatic pressure, a hydraulic pressure generating unit 12 for generating hydraulic pressure by the power supplied from the engine unit 10, A hydraulic valve 21 for driving the actuator 22 by generating a blow, a feed, and a rotational force of a drill bit from the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump 20 to a power source; A pneumatic valve 41 for controlling the air flushing by the air pressure supplied from the air compressor 40 to drive the tube and the actuator 42, And a control unit 30 for controlling the engine unit 10, the hydraulic valve 21, and the pneumatic valve 41 so as to maximize efficiency in excavation and rocking.

 The drilling apparatus according to the related art thus constituted mainly generates a blow, a feed, and a rotary force of a drill bit by a hydraulic pump, and a flushing force for blowing rock particles generated by the operation of the drill bit from the perforation hole to the outside by the air compressor Or generate a striking force.

In this drilling apparatus, since the operator directly distributes and adjusts the power elements depending on the manual operation, the efficiency of the operation depends on the operator's empirical capacity. Also, the main power supply maintains the maximum output during the drilling process, which consumes too much fuel, and more heat and vibration than necessary increase the likelihood of failure. Particularly, there is a problem that the fuel consumption is relatively higher than the puncture effect at the beginning of the perforation, which requires less power.

European patent registration EP 1699999 B1 (date of publication dated September 16, 2006)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of the prior art, and to solve the problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a drilling rig, The present invention provides an energy saving apparatus and method for a drilling rig that controls the engine unit, the hydraulic pressure, and the pneumatic device so as to drive the power, so that only necessary energy is supplied proportionally.

In order to achieve the above object, in the energy saving process of the drilling rig according to the present invention, the hydraulic device for piercing the rock, the pneumatic device, the hydraulic device and the engine for supplying the main power to the pneumatic device are controlled A test drilling process for drilling a rock by a standard power set by driving the engine, hydraulic and pneumatic devices for a predetermined time by the control unit and determining the grade of the rock quality according to the result; A puncture planning process for setting a target puncturing speed according to a grade of a rock material determined through the test puncturing process; And a puncturing step of calculating a correction value according to a variation of an actual puncturing speed in real time to maintain the target puncturing speed and compensating the puncturing speed by controlling the engine part, the hydraulic device, and the pneumatic device by the correction value The control unit proportionally controls the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device by a required flow amount in accordance with the load measured in the drilling process and controls the engine part by a required power by summing the necessary load amounts in the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device .

Here, the controller calculates the current load of the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device during the drilling process, respectively, Controlling the hydraulic pump and the air compressor so as to supply the flow rate only to the calculated load amount; And a step 23 of summing up the amounts of loads required for the hydraulic pumps and the air compressors in step 22 and controlling the engine unit to supply the necessary amount of power.

In the step 21, the current load amount of the hydraulic pressure device in the step 21 is measured by measuring the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pressure valve and the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pressure pump, and depending on the magnitude of the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure The present invention is characterized in that the load is calculated and the present load amount of the pneumatic device is measured by measuring the discharge pressure of the air compressor and the operating pressure of the pneumatic valve and calculating the load amount according to the magnitude of the differential pressure.

In the step 23, the engine is driven in accordance with the amount of power required for the hydraulic system and the pneumatic system, and the engine controls the amount of fuel accordingly.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy saving apparatus for a drilling rig having a hydraulic device and a pneumatic device for drilling a rock, and an engine for supplying the main power to the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device, An energy saving device for a drilling rig, the hydraulic device including a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic valve, the pneumatic device including an air compressor and a pneumatic valve, A hydraulic part demand power control part for measuring the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump, calculating a load amount according to the magnitude of the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure, and controlling the hydraulic pump in proportion to the load; A pneumatic part demand power control part for measuring the discharge pressure of the air compressor and the operating pressure of the pneumatic valve, calculating a load amount according to the differential pressure, and controlling the air compressor according to the load amount; And an integrated demand power control unit for summing the respective load amounts of the hydraulic pressure demand power control unit and the pneumatic pressure demand control unit and driving the power required for the engine unit in proportion thereto.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to determine the degree of hardness of the rock material in the work area by performing the test hole before starting the drilling operation, and to determine the grade thereof, and the power supply amount can be controlled differently according to the grade.

By setting the target perforation speed to be a standard according to the grade of the rock and measuring the perforation speed in real time during the perforating operation and comparing this value with the target perforation speed, However, there is an effect that the energy can be used flexibly depending on the state of the fluctuating rocky matter.

In this case, each hydraulic and pneumatic valve, which is a power control device of blow, feed, rotation and flushing, is structured so as to be adjusted in proportion to a function of puncture speed, and if the real time measured puncture speed is slower than the standard puncture speed, The power supply is reduced, and the unnecessary energy consumption can be minimized by controlling the hydraulic pressure and the pneumatic valve stage finely as much as the required demand of energy according to the rock quality.

In addition, by real-time measurement and calculation of the load at each hydraulic and pneumatic valve stage, which is the final consumption chain of energy, it is possible to supply only the energy required to maintain the perforation speed proportionally. As a result, It is possible not only to increase the life span, but also to reduce heat generation and noise of the power system and significantly reduce the failure rate.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional hydraulic drilling apparatus,
2 is a configuration diagram of an energy saving device of a drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a flowchart of an energy saving process of a drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention,
4 is a diagram for explaining the setting of the target piercing speed according to the piercing depth or load order,
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing energy consumption according to the drilling depth or the load order to be used according to the embodiment of the present invention and energy consumption according to the prior art.

The present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same components as those in the conventional art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a detailed description is made with reference to the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an energy saving apparatus of a drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention. The apparatus includes an engine unit 10 for supplying a main power for drilling a rock, A hydraulic valve 21 for driving the actuator 22 by generating a blow, a feed, and a rotational force of a drill bit with the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump 20 as a power source; A pneumatic valve 41 for controlling the air flushing by the air pressure supplied from the air compressor 40 to drive the tube and the actuator 42; And controls the engine unit 10, the hydraulic apparatuses 20 to 22 and the pneumatic devices 40 to 42 so as to maintain the target piercing speed according to the rocky state at the time of rocket rocking, (40 to 42), and the amount of the load Proportional control is performed on the hydraulic devices 20 to 22 and the pneumatic devices 40 to 42 by a predetermined amount and the required load amounts in the hydraulic devices 20 to 22 and the pneumatic devices 40 to 42 are summed up, And a control unit (100) for controlling the unit (10).

The control unit 100 measures the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic valve 21 and the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump 20 when the rock is drilled and calculates the hydraulic pressure based on the hydraulic pressure difference between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure A hydraulic pressure demand control unit 110 for calculating a load and controlling the hydraulic pump 20 and the hydraulic valve 21 in proportion to a load amount and a hydraulic pressure control unit 110 for controlling the pressure of the air compressor 40 and the pressure of the air pressure valve 41 A pneumatic part demand power control unit 120 for measuring the operating pressure, calculating a load amount according to the magnitude of the differential pressure, and controlling the air compressor 40 and the air valve 41 according to the load amount, And an integrated demand power control unit 130 for summing the respective load amounts of the power control unit 110 and the pneumatic partial demand power control unit 120 and driving the required power of the engine unit 10 in proportion thereto.

Here, the controller 100 includes a PLC or a PC including a CPU and a memory on which a control program and data for implementing the present invention are installed.

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5. FIG.

First, the present invention perforates a test hole to measure the average state of the rock quality before the drilling operation. The hydraulic pressure and the pneumatic pressure are controlled for a predetermined period of time and the standard values of the percussion, the feed pressure, the rotation pressure, and the flushing flow, as shown in the following Tables 1 and 2, (Reference Value).

The test puncture time is set by setting the appropriate time for determining the average condition of the rocky rock, but it is better if it is shorter, but it should be determined by experiment to decide how much time should be set to increase the accuracy of the discriminant force. Preferably about 5 minutes or less.

Feed pressure, rotation pressure, and flushing flow power during the set test puncture time are measured and calculated for each element as shown in Table 1 below.

Here, the reference value is a reference value to be controlled for each element at the time of test puncturing, and is determined for each element so that it can be changed at a different rate depending on the condition of the rocky state during the drilling work. 'Gain' determines the ratio of each factor according to its significance in determining the quality of the rock.

Table 2 below shows an example of calculation of actual target perforation speed.

 A1, B1, C1, and D1 "of the rock quality obtained through the calculation process of each calculated element as shown in Tables 1 and 2 are set, and the total" T1 " Quot; T2 "by multiplying the correction value according to the size of the load and the bit to be used through " 1 ".

The correction values according to the rod size and the bit size in Equation (1) use the compensation values shown in the following Tables 3 and 4.

(Soft, Medium, Standard, Hard) is determined according to which scope the value of "T2 " calculated through the test drilling process corresponds to, and the target penetration speed Setting.

Here, although the rocky state is classified into four stages according to an embodiment, it can be further classified into four or more stages as necessary.

As shown in Table 5, the target drilling speed is determined according to the grade of the rock, and when the drilling hole is deeper and the target drilling speed is over the range, the target drilling speed is lowered by one step Extend again.

When the target piercing speed is set, actual piercing is performed. In order to achieve the target piercing speed, as shown in the following Table 6, percussion, feed The drilling operation is started by driving the hydraulic devices 20 to 22 and the pneumatic devices 40 to 42 with the values of the feed pressure, the rotation pressure and the flushing flow.

When the actual perforation speed is smaller than the target perforation speed, the actual perforation speed is measured in real time as the perforation process is started. When the actual perforation speed is smaller than the target perforation speed, And when the target puncture speed is higher than the target puncture speed, control is performed so as to downwardly adjust each hit, feed, rotation, and flushing value.

Here, the unit striking, feed, rotation, and flushing values for compensating the perforation speed of the unit by the upward or downward value are set through experiments. This value is also calculated by multiplying the correction value according to the load and the bit size as shown in Tables 3 and 4 above.

For example, if the unit perforation speed is determined to be 1 m / h and the result of this experiment is determined to be "1.4, 1, 1, -0.6" as the unit striking, feed, As well as multiplying the correction values in Table 3 and Table 3 by the load and the bit size.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining setting of the target piercing speed according to the rod size or the piercing depth. As the number of the rods or the piercing depth is larger, the target piercing speed is adjusted stepwise downwardly.

FIG. 5 is a chart comparing the energy consumption according to the rod size or the piercing depth with the prior art. The energy consumption of the prior art without applying the present invention is drilled regardless of the depth of the rod or the pore, However, the present invention increases the energy consumed according to the rod size or the depth of the piercing step by step (1, 2, 3, ..., 6) Energy can be saved.

That is, Equation (2) is a unit striking, feed, rotation, and flushing value S1 for achieving the unit puncturing speed, and S2 is a value calculated by compensating the load and bit size for each element of S1.

The same method can be applied and the accuracy can be increased when the size of the rod is changed or the bit size is changed when puncturing by compensating each value S2 as described above.

As a result, the control of all hydraulic and pneumatic devices is converted and regulated as a function of puncture speed.

In the meantime, the control unit 100 controls the hydraulic system and the air flushing system in the borehole process so that the hydraulic pump 21 and the pneumatic valve 41, The swash plate of the hydraulic pump 20 and the swash plate of the air compressor 40 are controlled by measuring the rate of descent of the operating pressure relative to the discharge pressure of the compressor 40 and the discharge pressure of the air compressor 40 in real time, And the flow rate required for air pressure.

That is, the control unit 100 proportionally controls the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device by a required flow amount according to the load measured in the drilling process, and adds the necessary load amounts in the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device, The control unit 100 will be described in more detail as follows.

The hydraulic part demand power control unit 110 measures the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic valve 21 and the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump 20 when the rock is drilled and measures the magnitude of the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure And controls the hydraulic pump 20 and the hydraulic valve 21 in proportion to the load.

The pneumatic part demand power control unit 120 measures the discharge pressure of the air compressor 40 and the operating pressure of the pneumatic valve 42, calculates the load amount according to the differential pressure, (40) and the pneumatic valve (41).

For example, in general, when the valve is controlled, the operating pressure is generated by moving the spool, and this operating pressure appears as a pressure difference between the hydraulic pump 20 and the discharge pressure of the air compressor 40. At this time, the magnitude of the differential pressure is proportional to the flow rate required for the operation, which is the load on the control circuit.

As a result, by controlling the swash plate of the hydraulic pump 20 and the air compressor 40 according to the magnitude of the differential pressure, the load can be proportionally controlled only by the required flow rate, and the load proportional to the differential pressure is calculated, 100).

The integrated demand power control unit 130 may sum up the load amounts of the hydraulic demand power unit 110 and the pneumatic power demand unit 120 to drive the engine unit 10 in proportion thereto, 20 and the air compressor 40. In this case,

In this manner, the hydraulic pressure is partially controlled according to the load amount by the hydraulic pressure demand power control unit 110 and the pneumatic pressure demand power control unit 120 for each hydraulic pressure and the pneumatic pressure system, Since the engine unit 10 is integratedly managed according to the partial demand amount of the demand power control units 110 and 120 so that only the total demand power is supplied, efficient energy management is possible and unnecessary energy can be saved, It is possible to reduce heat generation and noise of the battery, and significantly reduce the failure rate.

As described above, the energy saving apparatus and method of the drilling rig according to the present invention have been described with reference to the limited embodiments and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

10: engine part 20: hydraulic pump
21: Hydraulic valve 22: Actuator
40: Air compressor 41: Pneumatic valve
42: tube / actuator
100: control unit 110: hydraulic pressure demand power control unit
120: Pneumatic part demand power control part 130: Integrated demand power control part

Claims (9)

A method for energy saving in a drilling rig that controls a hydraulic device for piercing a rock, a pneumatic device, a hydraulic device, and an engine for supplying main power to the pneumatic device through a control part according to the condition of the rocky state,
A test drilling process for drilling a rock by a standard power set by driving the engine unit, the hydraulic pressure and the pneumatic device by the control unit for a predetermined time, and determining the grade of the rock quality according to the result;
A puncture planning process for setting a target puncturing speed according to a grade of a rock material determined through the test puncturing process; And
Calculating a correction value according to a variation of an actual puncturing speed in real time to maintain the target puncturing speed, and controlling the engine, the hydraulic device, and the pneumatic device by the correction value to compensate the puncture speed ,
Wherein the control unit proportionally controls the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device by a required flow amount according to the load measured in the drilling process and controls the engine by a necessary power by summing the load amounts necessary for the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device Energy Saving Method of Drilling Excavator. The method according to claim 1,
The test puncturing step may include puncturing the punctured test puncture time by applying a predetermined standard value of power of blow, feed, rotation, and flushing.
And measuring an average value of the hitting, feeding, rotating, and flushing power during the test drilling time to determine the grade of the rock quality. 3. The method of claim 2,
The step (12) may include calculating a sum of the average values of the striking, feeding, rotating, and flushing powers, and then determining a grade of the rock quality according to a result obtained by multiplying a correction value according to a size of a rod and a bit used in puncturing Energy Saving Method of Drilling Excavator. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the target drilling speed is lowered by one step in the drilling plan process when the correction value calculated in the drilling process exceeds a correction limit value. The method according to claim 1,
The control unit calculates the current load amount of the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device in the boring process, respectively;
Controlling the hydraulic pump and the air compressor so as to supply the flow rate only to the calculated load amount; And
And a step 23 of summing the load amounts required for the hydraulic pumps and the air compressors in step 22 and controlling the engine unit to supply the required amount of power. 6. The method of claim 5,
The present load amount of the hydraulic device measures the hydraulic operating pressure of the hydraulic pressure valve and the hydraulic pressure discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump in the step 21 and calculates the load amount according to the magnitude of the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure The energy saving method of the drilling excavator. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the current load amount of the pneumatic device in step 21 is measured by measuring the discharge pressure of the air compressor and the operating pressure of the pneumatic valve and calculating the load amount according to the magnitude of the differential pressure. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the step (23) drives the engine part according to the amount of power required for the hydraulic system and the pneumatic system, and the engine part controls the amount of fuel accordingly. An energy saving device for a drilling rig that controls a hydraulic device and a pneumatic device for rock drilling and an engine for supplying main power to the hydraulic device and the pneumatic device through a control part according to the condition of the rocky state,
The hydraulic device includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic valve,
The pneumatic device includes an air compressor and a pneumatic valve,
Wherein the control unit measures the hydraulic operating pressure of the hydraulic valve and the hydraulic pressure discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump when the rock is drilled and calculates a load amount in accordance with the magnitude of the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure, A hydraulic part demand power control part for controlling the pump and the hydraulic valve;
A pneumatic part demand power control part for measuring the discharge pressure of the air compressor and the operating pressure of the pneumatic valve, calculating a load amount according to the differential pressure, and controlling the air compressor and the pneumatic valve according to the load; And
And an integrated demand power control unit for summing the respective loads of the hydraulic pressure demand power control unit and the pneumatic pressure demand control unit and driving the main power required for the engine unit in proportion thereto. Device.

Images