CN1135574A - 用于真空指示的指示器 - Google Patents
用于真空指示的指示器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1135574A CN1135574A CN96101429A CN96101429A CN1135574A CN 1135574 A CN1135574 A CN 1135574A CN 96101429 A CN96101429 A CN 96101429A CN 96101429 A CN96101429 A CN 96101429A CN 1135574 A CN1135574 A CN 1135574A
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- Prior art keywords
- indicator
- high speed
- vacuum
- piston
- speed switch
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- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/446—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by pressure measuring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/02—Air cleaners
- F02M35/08—Air cleaners with means for removing dust, particles or liquids from cleaners; with means for indicating clogging; with by-pass means; Regeneration of cleaners
- F02M35/09—Clogging indicators ; Diagnosis or testing of air cleaners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2265/02—Non-permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter
- B01D2265/028—Snap, latch or clip connecting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/60—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
这里描述了一个用于指示真空,特别是用于指示内燃机空气过滤器的洁净面的真空的指示器。
这种指示器内一个外壳和一个装在外壳内的可移动安装的活塞构成,该活塞将真空区与外界压力区隔开。并装有一个由活塞操作的速动开关件,且在规定的真空中断开电接触点。
Description
本发明涉及权利要求所限定的用于真空指示的指示器。
例如:这种指示器在美国专利US-PS 4369728中已公开。它用于指示内燃机的空气过滤器的污染程度。这种指示器一般是在真空下工作的,该真空位于空气过滤器的洁净空气的一侧。该真空可起到调节某种膜的作用。当空气过滤器的污染程度升高时该真空自然也随之提高。这些由指示器检测到并转换到某一指示位置。
这种公知系统的缺点在于:由于该膜与活塞的结构形式所得到的精度较低。此外,存在着这样的危险,即固定件使得活塞倾斜,造成活塞被夹住。
此外,在西德专利DE-OS 2847278中公开了一种指示器,该指示器用的是电气的接触件。活塞或膜受到弹簧的压力后即对一电气开关施加一种力。只要这种力超过所规定的程度,这种电气开关就接通或关闭并且产生信号。这些装置的缺点在于:指示器很大程度上依赖于弹簧的特性曲线和活塞或电气开关的接触点的弹性。
本发明的任务在于,提供一种精度很高且运转安全的指示器。此方案是根据权利要求所限定的其技术特征来实现的。
本发明的根本优点是使用了某种快速开关件,这种快速开关件有一个精确确定的,由该速动开关件的几何结构确定的固定点。当真空提高时,活塞首先向速动开关件施加一种力,而无须操作速动开关件。一旦低于规定的力该速动开关件就更换到开关位置并由此产生规定的信号。
按照本发明的其它结构,该速动开关件同时又是一个在无真空条件下把活塞重新返回到输出位置的弹簧。该速动开关件优选的方式是一个矩形金属薄板,该薄板有一扁平的可旋转的垫环,并且朝向中间有一梯形挠度。这个矩形件的优点是制作精良,此外,使用这个开关件存在着使该件在固定点上向外面弯曲的可能性。同时,进一步的弯曲实际上相当于弹簧特性曲线的变化。
根据本发明的结构形式用于信号输出的电气接触点是一个舌簧开关。这是通过一个磁性连动开关件或一个装在速动开关件上的磁铁接通的。优选的是该电接触点是一个接触开关。当速动开关件处于静止状态时该接触开关件是与其脱开的,且该接触开关件只有按该件的工作行程或只有在相位之中(在该相位中该速动开关件可显示弹簧的特性曲线)才发送信号。
本发明优选的改型结构的这些特征及其它特征除了在权利要求中有描述之外,在说明书与附图中也有描述。其中每一个特征对于本发明实施例中和其它领域中的其它组合形式都能以一种或多种形式实现。有利的是还可制造这里要求保护的具有保护能力的结构形式。
本发明的实施例用附图描述,并且以下将进行详细说明。附图示出:
图1:指示器的断面图;
图2:图1示出的指示器的平面图;
图3:速动开关件的受力和移动的距离的关系。
图1示出指示器或某种过滤部分的保护开关。它由一个外壳10构成,在该外壳上装有用于真空源的连接装置11。该连接装置11有一个通向外壳内部12的连接件。为了避免污垢进入外壳内部12安装有过滤部分13。该外壳与一盖子14相连接。外壳与盖子之间固定有一膜15,同时该膜在盖子14与外壳10之间起着密封的作用。如图所示这两部分在其周围相互卡紧。在膜15上装有一轴向移动的活塞16。在该活塞上方充满外界压力。在该活塞16的下方在外壳的内部充满与连接装置11相邻的真空。此外,在外壳内部12有一速动开关件17。
这些在图2中的平面图中同样可以看出。该速动开关件结构形式为矩形且在窄的一面通过把手18固定在支承体19上。在该速动开关件的下方有一电接触弹簧20。这里示出它在静止状态时附在支承21上。该接触板22与连接销23是通电连接的。连接销23与电接触弹簧20相连。该速动开关件如图2所示,特征是,在中间构成一种基本上是矩形的压力面。该压力面的中间装有活塞16,如图1所示。因为该速动开关件仅放在外部区域24,25中,所以除了卡紧外也可出现这种开关件的弯曲。
图3示出真空压力与距离之间的关系。在横座标上示出速动开关件经过的距离S,在纵座标上示出作用于速动开关件上的压力F。开始时要求很高的压力,这种力在最高点F1会使速动开关件卡紧。在位置S3到达卡紧的点,并且当压力升高时,传递的力与挠度处于线性状态。开关动作时间S2在该线性范围内。例如这个开关动作时间在15毫巴的真空压力。指示器的高精度是由此实现的,即卡紧之后调整的线性范围可规定得很精确。卡紧力F1可由速率开关件的受压程度来规定。
根据说明书可提供这样一种保护开关,这种开关可与最大允许的真空压力进行最佳匹配。
相关符号表10 外壳11 连接装置12 外壳内部13 过滤部分14 盖子15 膜16 活塞17 速动开关件18 把手19 支承体20 电接触弹簧21 支承板22 接触板23 连接销24 支承区25 支承区
Claims (5)
1.用于指示真空的指示器,特别是用于指示内燃机的空气过滤器的洁净面上的真空,其是由一个外壳,一个装在壳内的可移动安装的活塞,一个施加给活塞压力的弹簧,以及一个连接外部压力区对面的真空区的膜构成,其特征在于:装有一个速动开关件,该开关件装有一电接点,其中活塞作用于该速动开关件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的指示器,其特征在于:该速动开关件是施加的活塞压力的弹簧。
3.根据上述权利要求之一的指示器,其特征在于:该速动开关件是基本上呈矩形的固定盘,该固定盘有一个可旋转的垫环和一个梯形挠度。
4.根据上述权利要求之一的指示器,其特征在于:该电接触点是一个舌簧开关。
5.根据权利要求1至3之一的指示器,其特征在于:该电接触点在固定盘处于静止状态时与它有一间距,且在该固定盘的固定位置上与它接触,同时在进一步的挠曲相位中形成电连接。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19506453A DE19506453A1 (de) | 1995-02-24 | 1995-02-24 | Anzeigevorrichtung zur Anzeige des Unterdrucks |
DE19506453.4 | 1995-02-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1135574A true CN1135574A (zh) | 1996-11-13 |
Family
ID=7754924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN96101429A Pending CN1135574A (zh) | 1995-02-24 | 1996-02-21 | 用于真空指示的指示器 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5744770A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0728513B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH08261079A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1135574A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR000339A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE175888T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9600529A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2169982A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE19506453A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2129724T3 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN184651B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA961026B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6268791B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-07-31 | Engineered Products Company | Switch gauge |
US6307466B1 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2001-10-23 | Engineered Products Company | Two stage gauge with electrical signal output |
US6867383B1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-03-15 | Little Giant Pump Company | Liquid level assembly with diaphragm seal |
US7032573B2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2006-04-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for indicating air filter maintenance is required |
CN101715598B (zh) * | 2007-01-10 | 2013-05-01 | 克雷格·R.·怀尔德曼 | 压差开关 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4445456A (en) * | 1978-06-19 | 1984-05-01 | Engineered Products Company | Air filter restriction indicating device |
DE2847278A1 (de) * | 1978-10-31 | 1980-05-14 | Eaton Gmbh | Druckabhaengiger elektrischer schalter |
US4369728A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1983-01-25 | Engineered Products Company | Air filter restriction indicating device |
US4532389A (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1985-07-30 | General Electric Company | Electric circuit controlling device and method of operating |
FR2559833B1 (fr) * | 1984-02-16 | 1988-05-20 | Labinal | Dispositif indicateur du colmatage d'un filtre a air d'un moteur |
DE3428307A1 (de) * | 1984-08-01 | 1986-02-13 | Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh, 7140 Ludwigsburg | Anzeigevorrichtung fuer den verschmutzungsgrad von ansaugluftfiltern |
US4616114A (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1986-10-07 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Pressure responsive switch having little or no differential between actuation release pressure levels |
DE3544492C1 (de) * | 1985-12-17 | 1987-01-02 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Anzeigevorrichtung fuer den Verschmutzungsgrad von Ansaugluftfiltern |
US4694127A (en) * | 1986-06-23 | 1987-09-15 | Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. | Pressure responsive switch assembly |
JPS6358062U (zh) * | 1986-10-06 | 1988-04-18 | ||
US5132500A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1992-07-21 | Micro Pneumatic Logic, Inc. | Differential pressure switch with sealed contacts |
-
1995
- 1995-02-24 DE DE19506453A patent/DE19506453A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-10-05 EP EP95115681A patent/EP0728513B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-05 AT AT95115681T patent/ATE175888T1/de active
- 1995-10-05 DE DE59504907T patent/DE59504907D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-05 ES ES95115681T patent/ES2129724T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-23 IN IN496BO1995 patent/IN184651B/en unknown
- 1995-12-13 AR AR33460595A patent/AR000339A1/es unknown
-
1996
- 1996-02-01 BR BR9600529A patent/BR9600529A/pt unknown
- 1996-02-07 US US08/598,215 patent/US5744770A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-08 ZA ZA961026A patent/ZA961026B/xx unknown
- 1996-02-21 CN CN96101429A patent/CN1135574A/zh active Pending
- 1996-02-21 CA CA002169982A patent/CA2169982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-26 JP JP8037660A patent/JPH08261079A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19506453A1 (de) | 1996-08-29 |
ES2129724T3 (es) | 1999-06-16 |
US5744770A (en) | 1998-04-28 |
ATE175888T1 (de) | 1999-02-15 |
JPH08261079A (ja) | 1996-10-08 |
EP0728513B1 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
CA2169982A1 (en) | 1996-08-25 |
AR000339A1 (es) | 1997-06-18 |
IN184651B (zh) | 2000-09-23 |
EP0728513A1 (de) | 1996-08-28 |
DE59504907D1 (de) | 1999-03-04 |
BR9600529A (pt) | 1997-12-30 |
ZA961026B (en) | 1996-08-29 |
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WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |