CN113549231B - 透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法 - Google Patents
透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113549231B CN113549231B CN202010960050.XA CN202010960050A CN113549231B CN 113549231 B CN113549231 B CN 113549231B CN 202010960050 A CN202010960050 A CN 202010960050A CN 113549231 B CN113549231 B CN 113549231B
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Abstract
一种透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法。透湿防水膜是由一聚烯烃原料经拉伸制成,透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,且透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米。其中,聚烯烃原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。其中,第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法,特别是涉及一种以聚烯烃材料制成的透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法。
背景技术
透湿防水膜是一种可允许水气通过,但会阻挡液体水分子通过的薄膜。水气为气体状态的水分子,由于体积非常细小,可藉由毛细现象原理,由透湿防水膜的一侧渗透至另一侧,从而达到透水气(湿气)的效果。然而,一旦水气凝结成液体水分子,在表面张力以及内聚力的共同作用下,液体水分子会倾向聚集形成一体积较大的分子团,进而无法由透湿防水膜的一侧穿过至另一侧,因此,透湿防水膜可具有防水的效果。
透湿防水膜的其中一种应用为贴附于衣物产品上。当人体温度过高时,人体会通过皮肤的排汗机制达到调节体温的效果。然而,汗水长时间停留在皮肤表面时,容易导致不适并容易衍生细菌。而透湿防水膜的使用可加速排除皮肤表面的汗水,以维持皮肤表面的干爽。并且,透湿防水膜可同步防止外界的液体水分子穿过透湿防水膜达到皮肤,而具有防水的效果。
目前市面上的透湿防水膜大多是以聚氨酯或者热塑性聚氨酯作为材料,在将透湿防水膜贴合设置于纤维布上之后,便可制得透湿防水织物。然而,现有的纤维布的材料大多是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、聚丙烯(propylene,PP)或尼龙(nylon),皆与目前常见的透湿防水膜的材料不同。也就是说,由于透湿防水膜以及纤维布在材料上的差异,透湿防水织物无法直接进行回收,必须再经过多个纯化步骤,才可分离获得单一成分的回收料。
根据上述,目前市面上尚未有一较佳的透湿防水膜,在可供气体水分子通过并阻挡液体水分子通过的状况下,应用于一般纤维布上,且还具有可直接回收的特性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的不足提供一种透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的其中一技术方案是,提供一种透湿防水膜。透湿防水膜是由一聚烯烃原料经拉伸制成,透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,且透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米。其中,聚烯烃原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。
优选地,第一聚丙烯树脂是以丙烯均聚物为主体,并选择性包括乙烯化合物、丙烯化合物、丁烯化合物、乙烯均聚物、丁烯均聚物、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、乙烯/丁烯共聚物、丙烯/丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯/丁烯共聚物或其混合物。
优选地,透湿防水膜的厚度为15微米至50微米;透湿防水膜的耐水压为10000毫米水柱至20000毫米水柱;透湿防水膜在24小时内每平方公尺的透湿度为5000克至20000克。
优选地,无机粒子的尺寸为0.05微米至2微米。
优选地,第二聚丙烯树脂中的亲水基,是选自于由下列所构成的群组中的至少一种:羟基、羧酸基、酰胺基以及胺基。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的另外一技术方案是,提供一种透湿防水膜。透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米;透湿防水膜包括:一第一表层、一中间层以及一第二表层,中间层设置于第一表层以及第二表层之间。第一表层是以一第一原料所形成,第一原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。中间层是以一中间层原料所形成,中间层原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及5重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。第二表层是以一第二原料所形成,第二原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。其中,第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。其中,以第一原料、中间层原料以及第二原料的总重为100重量百分比,无机粒子的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的另外再一技术方案是,提供一种透湿防水织物。透湿防水织物包括一纤维布以及一透湿防水膜,纤维布的材料为聚烯烃。透湿防水膜设置于纤维布上。透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米;透湿防水膜包括:一第一表层、一中间层以及一第二表层,中间层设置于第一表层以及第二表层之间。第一表层是以一第一原料所形成,第一原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。中间层是以一中间层原料所形成,中间层原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及5重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。第二表层是以一第二原料所形成,第二原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。其中,第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。其中,以第一原料、中间层原料以及第二原料的总重为100重量百分比,无机粒子的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。在本发明的其中一实施例中,透湿防水膜是经由薄膜贴合(lamination)、涂布(coating)或纤维包覆(encapsulation)的方式设置于纤维布上。
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明所采用的另外再一技术方案是,提供一种透湿防水膜的制造方法。透湿防水膜的制造方法包括以下步骤:首先,提供一聚烯烃材料;接着,压延聚烯烃材料以形成一聚烯烃薄片;然后,拉伸聚烯烃薄片以形成一透湿防水膜。其中,聚烯烃材料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子;其中,第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。其中,透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米。
优选地,拉伸聚烯烃薄片的步骤包括:对聚烯烃薄片进行纵向(MD)拉伸加工与横向(TD)拉伸加工,纵向拉伸加工的倍率为2.5至5.0倍,横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为6.0至10倍。
优选地,纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工是先后进行或同步进行。
本发明所提供的透湿防水膜、透湿防水织物及其制法,其能通过“透湿防水膜是由一聚烯烃原料经拉伸制成”、“透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,微孔的尺寸小于500纳米”以及“聚烯烃原料包括第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子”的技术特征,以提供一轻量的透湿防水膜,且当透湿防水膜应用于聚烯烃材料的纤维布上时,透湿防水织物具有可直接回收的优点。
为使能更进一步了解本发明的特征及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而所提供的附图仅提供参考与说明用,并非用来对本发明加以限制者。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施例的透湿防水膜的立体示意图。
图2为本发明透湿防水膜的制造方法的步骤流程图。
图3为本发明第二实施例的透湿防水膜的侧视示意图。
图4为本发明第三实施例的透湿防水织物的侧视示意图。
具体实施方式
以下是通过特定的具体实例来说明本发明所揭露有关。
有鉴于上述问题,本发明提供一种改良的聚烯烃材料,其可作为形成透湿防水膜的材料,且透湿防水膜具有质量轻以及可回收的优点。当本发明的透湿防水膜应用于纤维布时,可制得具有透湿防水以及轻量化特性的透湿防水织物。另外,当纤维布的材料与透湿防水膜的材料相同都为聚烯烃时,透湿防水织物还具有可直接回收的优点。
[第一实施例]
请参阅图1所示,图1为本发明第一实施例的透湿防水膜的立体示意图。本发明的透湿防水膜1可以是一单层结构,透湿防水膜1上形成有多个微孔100,以作为排除湿气的通道。于本实施例中,多个微孔100的尺寸皆小于500纳米。由于透湿防水膜1上所形成的微孔100的尺寸很小,湿气可利用毛细现象原理由透湿防水膜1的一侧渗透过至另一侧,以达到排出湿气的作用。
更进一步而言,透湿防水膜1上的多个微孔100连通透湿防水膜1相对的两个表面。微观来看,于其中一实施例中,多个微孔100并不限于直线通道,也可以是弯曲通道,且多个微孔100之间可彼此连通或各自独立。换句话说,本发明的多个微孔100之间可通过串联或并联的方式连通构成一个或多个微孔网络,且多个微孔网络之间也可彼此交错或部分重叠。如此一来,透湿防水膜1会具有更多的途径供湿气通过,而可进一步增进透湿防水膜1的透湿率。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
本发明的透湿防水膜1是由一聚烯烃材料所形成,具体来说,若以聚烯烃材料的总重为100重量百分浓度,聚烯烃材料中可包括60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。
第一聚丙烯树脂是以丙烯均聚物(PP-H)为主体。于其他实施例中,除了丙烯均聚物之外,第一聚丙烯树脂还可以选择性包括乙烯、丙烯或丁烯及其均聚物、共聚物或是其混合物。也就是说,第一聚丙烯树脂中可以只包括丙烯均聚物;或者,第一聚丙烯树脂中除了丙烯均聚物之外,还可包括乙烯化合物、丙烯化合物、丁烯化合物、乙烯均聚物、丁烯均聚物、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、乙烯/丁烯共聚物、丙烯/丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯/丁烯共聚物或其混合物。并且,上述的共聚物可以是嵌段丙烯共聚物(PP-B)或是无规丙烯共聚物(PP-R)。然而,本发明不以上述所举的例子为限。
第二聚丙烯树脂是改质有亲水基的聚丙烯树脂,且第二聚丙烯树脂与第一聚丙烯树脂不同。第二聚丙烯树脂可以是丙烯均聚物(PP-H)、嵌段丙烯共聚物(PP-B)、无规丙烯共聚物(PP-R)或其混合物,且聚丙烯上的亲水基为羟基、羧酸基、酰胺基或胺基中的至少一种。于一较佳实施例中,聚丙烯上的亲水基为羟基。然而,本发明不以上述所举的例子为限。聚丙烯经亲水基改质后,可与水分子具有更佳的结合力,而有助于吸收湿气,并提升湿气排出的速率。
无机粒子可以选自于由下列所构成的群组:氧化硅、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、二氧化钛、高岭土、滑石粉、沸石、氧化铝以及硫化锌中的至少一种。无机粒子的平均粒径(D50)为0.05微米至2微米,较佳的,无机粒子的平均粒径(D50)为0.1微米至1微米,更佳的,无机粒子的平均粒径(D50)为0.2微米至0.8微米。由于材料上的差异,无机粒子并不会与第一聚丙烯树脂或第二聚丙烯树脂兼容,也就是说,在聚烯烃材料中,无机粒子会分散于第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂之中。然而,本发明不以上述所举的例子为限。
在均匀混合前述第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子,并进行干燥之后,可获得一聚烯烃材料。接着,将聚烯烃材料置于一压出机中,加热聚烯烃材料至250℃至270℃的温度,而得一熔融状态的聚烯烃材料,熔融状态的聚烯烃材料经压出机压延之后,可通过滚筒进行冷却以及固化,以形成一聚烯烃薄片。
然后,将聚烯烃薄片置于一延伸机中,对聚烯烃薄片进行纵向(MD)拉伸加工与横向(TD)拉伸加工,即可制得本发明的透湿防水膜1。于本实施例中,聚烯烃薄片在纵向拉伸加工的倍率为2.5至5.0倍,横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为6.0至10倍。并且,纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工可以是先后进行或是同步进行。
在拉伸的步骤之后,本发明的透湿防水膜1上会形成有前述的多个微孔100,且多个微孔100的尺寸皆小于500纳米。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
在本发明中,无机粒子的熔点高于第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂的熔点。因此,即使聚烯烃材料经过熔融、压出以及拉伸的步骤后,无机粒子仍会维持其原有的物理性质以及化学性质。也就是说,若进一步分析聚烯烃薄片的微观结构,无机粒子会在其中作为一分散相,而第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂,由于分子结构较为类似而会相互混合,并在聚烯烃薄片中作为一连续相。
另外,在拉伸聚烯烃薄片的步骤中,当连续相(第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂)受到拉伸时,连续相与分散相(无机粒子)的交界处会产生缝隙,而形成前述的微孔100,进而可达到透湿以及防水的效果。
请参阅图2所示,图2为本发明透湿防水膜的制造方法的步骤流程图。首先,提供一聚烯烃材料(步骤S100)。接着,压延聚烯烃材料以形成一聚烯烃薄片(步骤S110)。然后,拉伸聚烯烃薄片以形成一透湿防水膜(步骤S120)。
[第二实施例]
请参阅图3所示,图3为本发明第二实施例的透湿防水膜的侧视示意图。本发明的透湿防水膜1也可以是一三层结构,在第二实施例中,透湿防水膜1包括一中间层10、一第一表层20以及一第二表层30,中间层10设置于第一表层20以及第二表层30之间。并且,中间层10是由一中间层原料所形成,第一表层20是由一第一原料所形成,第二表层30是由一第二原料所形成。
第二实施例的透湿防水膜1也形成有多个微孔100,第二实施例的微孔100的结构与第一实施例的微孔100的结构相似,多个微孔100的尺寸皆小于500纳米。同前,湿气可利用毛细现象原理通过透湿防水膜1上所形成的微孔100,以达到可排出湿气的效果,但液体水分子却无法穿过透湿防水膜1上的微孔100,而具有防水的效果。
以下将详述第二实施例的透湿防水膜1的制备方式。首先,在提供聚烯烃材料(步骤S100)的步骤中,分别提供一中间层原料、一第一原料以及一第二原料。中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料中都包含前述的第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂;并且,中间层原料中第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂的含量比例、第一原料中第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂的含量比例以及第二原料中第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂的含量比例可以分别相同或不同。
值得注意的是,中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料三者之间至少一者还进一步包含前述无机粒子。举例来说,中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料可同时都包含无机粒子;或者,中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料三者中有二者包含无机粒子;又或者,中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料三者中只有一者包含无机粒子。
根据上述,第二实施例中的第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子的种类与第一实施例中的第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子的种类相同,故于此不再赘述。
于一较佳实施例中,中间层原料中同时包括第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子,而第一原料以及第二原料中只包括第一聚丙烯树脂以及第二聚丙烯树脂。
具体来说,中间层原料可包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及5重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子。第一原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。第二原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂。并且,以聚烯烃材料的总重为100重量百分比,无机粒子在聚烯烃材料中的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。
接着,在分别均匀混合前述中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料并干燥之后,分别将中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料置于押出机中,于押出机中加热中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料至250℃至270℃的温度,以分别形成熔融状态的中间层原料、第一原料以及第二原料。然后,经由三层T模(T die)压延熔融状态的第一原料、中间层原料以及第二原料,并经滚筒冷却固化后可形成一聚烯烃薄片(步骤S110),聚烯烃薄片为一三层结构。
将冷却后的聚烯烃薄片置于一延伸机中,并进行纵向方向的拉伸以及横向方向的拉伸,即可制得本发明的透湿防水膜1(步骤S120)。于一较佳实施例中,聚烯烃薄片在纵向的拉伸倍率为2.5倍至5.0倍,而聚烯烃薄片在横向的拉伸倍率为6.0倍至10倍。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
在第二实施例中,虽然只有形成中间层的中间层原料中含有无机粒子,但通过设定较大的拉伸倍率,仍可使分散相与连续相之间的交界处产生为缝隙,以便于透湿防水膜1上形成连通相对的两个表面的多个微孔100,且多个微孔100可以串联或并联的方式连通的方式构成一个或多个微孔网络,另外,多个微孔网络之间也可彼此交错或重叠。
[特性测试]
为了证实本发明的透湿防水膜1的优势,以下根据表一中的原料,以4倍的纵向拉伸倍率以及8倍的横向拉伸倍率,制备了实施例1至3以及比较例1的透湿防水膜1。
在实施例1至3以及比较例1的透湿防水膜1中,中间层10所占的厚度比例为80%,第一表层20所占的厚度比例为10%,第二表层30所占的厚度比例为10%。如此一来,若以第一原料、中间层原料以及第二原料的总重为100重量百分比,无机粒子的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。
另外,对实施例1至3以及比较例1的透湿防水膜1进行密度、透湿度以及耐水压的测试,特性测试的结果列于下表一中。
根据表一的结果可得知,本发明的透湿防水膜1具有良好的透湿以及防水的效果。具体而言,当透湿防水膜1的厚度为15微米至50微米时,本发明的透湿防水膜1的耐水压可以达到10000毫米水柱至20000毫米水柱,且透湿防水膜在24小时内透湿度可以达到每平方公尺5000克至20000克。另外,本发明的透湿防水膜1除了具有可防水以及排除湿气的效果之外,还具有轻量化的优势,经测量后,本发明的透湿防水膜1的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分。
表一:实施例1至3以及比较例1的透湿防水膜的原料成分含量以及特性测试。
[第三实施例]
请参阅图4所示,图4为本发明第三实施例的透湿防水织物的侧视示意图。本发明的透湿防水织物2包括前述的透湿防水膜1以及一纤维布40,且透湿防水膜1设置于纤维布40上,而可制得兼具透湿以及防水效果的透湿防水织物2。
为了使纤维布40具有透湿防水的效果,于第三实施例中的透湿防水膜1可以是通过薄膜贴合(lamination)的方式设置于纤维布40上。薄膜贴合的方式可以是通过黏着胶,使制备好的透湿防水膜1贴合于纤维布40,并完整地覆盖于纤维布40之上,以完成透湿防水织物2的制备。其中,施加黏着胶的方式可以是以点胶(dispensing)或滚涂(roll coating)的方式。然而,本发明不以上述所举的例子为限。
于其他实施例中,透湿防水膜1也可以通过涂布(coating)或纤维包覆(encapsulation)的方式设置于纤维布40上。
树脂涂布的方式可以是将含有前述聚烯烃材料的涂液,以刀式涂布(commacoating)或滚筒式涂布(roll coating)的方式施加于纤维布40的外表面上,再经过干燥或固化的步骤,使涂液中的聚烯烃材料成型于纤维布40上,以完成透湿防水织物2的制备。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
纤维包覆的方式是将纱线或纤维浸渍(dipping)于含有前述聚烯烃材料的溶液中,以使纱线或纤维的外表面附着有一溶液薄层,经过干燥或固化的步骤后,纱线或纤维的外表面便会附着有一聚烯烃薄层。接着,可根据功能用途选择不同的织造技术,将表面处理过的纱线或纤维织造成为一面布,即可完成透湿防水织物2的制备。
根据上述,无论是树脂涂布、薄膜贴合或纤维包覆的方式,最终都会于纤维布40上形成本发明的透湿防水膜1。然而,上述所举的例子只是其中一可行的实施例而并非用以限定本发明。
于本实施例中,纤维布40的材料为聚烯烃,也就是说,本发明的透湿防水膜1以及纤维布40具有相同的材质。如此一来,当本发明的透湿防水膜1设置于纤维布40上时,由于材料相同的缘故,制备而得的透湿防水织物2可具有轻量化以及可直接回收的优势。
[实施例的有益效果]
本发明的其中一有益效果在于,本发明所提供的透湿防水膜1、透湿防水织物2及其制法,其能通过“透湿防水膜1是由一聚烯烃原料经拉伸制成”、“透湿防水膜1上形成有多个微孔100,微孔100的尺寸小于500纳米”以及“聚烯烃原料包括第一聚丙烯树脂、第二聚丙烯树脂以及无机粒子”的技术特征,以提供一轻量的透湿防水膜1,且当透湿防水膜1应用于聚烯烃材料的纤维布40上时,透湿防水织物2具有可直接回收的优点。
更进一步来说,发明所提供的透湿防水膜1、透湿防水织物2及其制法,其能通过“透湿防水膜1的厚度为15微米至50微米”的技术特征,以使透湿防水膜1具有良好的耐水压以及透湿度。
更进一步来说,发明所提供的透湿防水膜1、透湿防水织物2及其制法,其能通过“无机粒子的尺寸为0.5微米至2微米”的技术特征,以使透湿防水膜1上可形成尺寸小于500纳米的微孔100,而具有良好的透湿防水效果。
更进一步来说,发明所提供的透湿防水织物2,其能通过“纤维布40的材料为聚烯烃”的技术特征,使透湿防水织物2可具有轻量化以及可直接回收的优点。
更进一步来说,发明所提供的透湿防水膜1的制法,其能通过“纵向拉伸加工的倍率为2.5至5.0倍”以及“横向拉伸加工的拉伸倍率为6.0至10倍”的技术特征,使透湿防水膜1上可形成尺寸小于500纳米的微孔100,而具有良好的透湿防水效果。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳可行实施例,非因此局限本发明的权利要求的保护范围,故举凡运用本发明说明书及附图内容所做的等效技术变化,均包含于本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种透湿防水膜,其特征在于,所述透湿防水膜是由一聚烯烃原料经拉伸制成,所述透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,所述透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,所述微孔的尺寸小于500纳米;其中,所述聚烯烃原料是由下列成分所组成:
60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂;
15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂,所述第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有羟基的聚丙烯树脂;以及
1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子;
其中,所述无机粒子作为一分散相,所述第一聚丙烯树脂以及所述第二聚丙烯树脂作为一连续相。
2.如权利要求1所述的透湿防水膜,其特征在于,所述第一聚丙烯树脂是以丙烯均聚物为主体,并选择性包括乙烯均聚物、丁烯均聚物、乙烯/丙烯共聚物、乙烯/丁烯共聚物、丙烯/丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯/丁烯共聚物或其混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的透湿防水膜,其特征在于,所述透湿防水膜的厚度为15微米至50微米;所述透湿防水膜的耐水压为10000毫米水柱至20000毫米水柱;所述透湿防水膜在24小时内每平方公尺的透湿度为5000克至20000克。
4.如权利要求1所述的透湿防水膜,其特征在于,所述无机粒子的尺寸为0.05微米至2微米。
5.一种透湿防水膜,其特征在于,所述透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,所述透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,所述微孔的尺寸小于500纳米;所述透湿防水膜包括:
一第一表层,所述第一表层是以一第一原料所形成,所述第一原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂;
一中间层,所述中间层是以一中间层原料所形成,所述中间层原料是由下列成分所组成:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及5重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子;其中,所述无机粒子作为一分散相,所述第一聚丙烯树脂以及所述第二聚丙烯树脂作为一连续相;以及
一第二表层,所述第二表层是以一第二原料所形成,所述第二原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂;
其中,所述中间层设置于所述第一表层以及所述第二表层之间;
其中,所述第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有羟基的聚丙烯树脂;
其中,以所述第一原料、所述中间层原料以及所述第二原料的总重为100重量百分比,所述无机粒子的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。
6.一种透湿防水织物,其特征在于,所述透湿防水织物包括:
一纤维布,所述纤维布的材料为聚烯烃;以及
一透湿防水膜,所述透湿防水膜设置于所述纤维布上;其中,所述透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,所述透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,所述微孔的尺寸小于500纳米;所述透湿防水膜包括:
一第一表层,所述第一表层是以一第一原料所形成,所述第一原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂;
一中间层,所述中间层是以一中间层原料所形成,所述中间层原料是由下列成分所组成:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及5重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子;其中,所述无机粒子作为一分散相,所述第一聚丙烯树脂以及所述第二聚丙烯树脂作为一连续相;以及
一第二表层,所述第二表层是以一第二原料所形成,所述第二原料包括:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂以及20重量百分比至40重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂;
其中,所述中间层设置于所述第一表层以及所述第二表层之间;
其中,所述第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有羟基的聚丙烯树脂,且所述第二聚丙烯树脂与所述第一聚丙烯树脂不同;
其中,以所述第一原料、所述中间层原料以及所述第二原料的总重为100重量百分比,所述无机粒子的存在量为1重量百分比至10重量百分比。
7.如权利要求6所述的透湿防水织物,其特征在于,所述透湿防水膜是经由涂布、薄膜贴合或纤维包覆的方式设置于所述纤维布上。
8.一种透湿防水膜的制法,其特征在于,所述透湿防水膜的制法包括以下步骤:
提供一聚烯烃材料,所述聚烯烃材料是由下列成分所组成:60重量百分比至80重量百分比的第一聚丙烯树脂、15重量百分比至30重量百分比的第二聚丙烯树脂以及1重量百分比至10重量百分比的无机粒子;其中,所述第二聚丙烯树脂为改质有羟基的聚丙烯树脂;其中,所述无机粒子作为一分散相,所述第一聚丙烯树脂以及所述第二聚丙烯树脂作为一连续相;
压延所述聚烯烃材料以形成一聚烯烃薄片;以及
拉伸所述聚烯烃薄片以形成一透湿防水膜;所述透湿防水膜的密度为0.6克/立方公分至0.8克/立方公分,所述透湿防水膜上形成有多个微孔,所述微孔的尺寸小于500纳米。
9.如权利要求8所述的透湿防水膜的制法,其特征在于,拉伸所述聚烯烃薄片的步骤包括:对所述聚烯烃薄片进行纵向拉伸加工与横向拉伸加工,所述纵向拉伸加工的倍率为2.5至5.0倍,所述横向拉伸加工的倍率为6.0至10倍。
10.如权利要求9所述的透湿防水膜的制法,其特征在于,所述纵向拉伸加工与所述横向拉伸加工是先后进行或同步进行。
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US4654401A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-03-31 | General Electric Company | Hydroxyl group graft modified polyolefins |
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CN103153618A (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-06-12 | 三井化学株式会社 | 聚烯烃复合膜 |
CN105518066A (zh) * | 2013-06-12 | 2016-04-20 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | 在包装中使用的聚烯烃膜 |
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US4654401A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-03-31 | General Electric Company | Hydroxyl group graft modified polyolefins |
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CN103153618A (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-06-12 | 三井化学株式会社 | 聚烯烃复合膜 |
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