CN1135470A - Solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents

Solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1135470A
CN1135470A CN 95117432 CN95117432A CN1135470A CN 1135470 A CN1135470 A CN 1135470A CN 95117432 CN95117432 CN 95117432 CN 95117432 A CN95117432 A CN 95117432A CN 1135470 A CN1135470 A CN 1135470A
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fertilizer
microbial inoculum
nitrogen
matrix
weight
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CN 95117432
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CN1062253C (en
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祁弘
陈廷伟
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Chen Huaien
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Chen Huaien
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a new type microbial fertilizer-nitrogen-fixing spore bacteria fertilizer and its preparation method. The invented fertilizer has the nitrogen-fixing bacteria capable of producing spore, and has the strong dry-resistance and adverse resistance, and its microbial azotase activity is high, so that the invented microbial fertilizer not only is good in fertilizer efficiency, but also is easy for transport and good in storage stability.

Description

Solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer and manufacture method thereof
The present invention relates to a kind of novel microorganism fertilizer and manufacture method thereof.More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method that contains novel microorganism bacterial manure He this bacterial manure of fixed nitrogen sporeformer.
Used fixed nitrogen bacterial classification (comprising root nodule bacterium and azotobacter etc.) is all the bacterium class that can not produce gemma in China's microbial fertilizer, though nitrogen fixing capacity is arranged but resistance is low, the non-refractory drying, thereby can only make liquid bacterial agent or be adsorbed on and make moisture microbial inoculum use in the peat composed of rotten mosses.This type of microbial inoculum very easily pollution microbes is rotten or dehydration is dry and lost efficacy, for a long time (more than half a year) store, be not easy to again transport, have influence on the commercialization of microbial fertilizer and apply.
The objective of the invention is to filter out the sporiferous fixed nitrogen bacterial classification of energy, produce a kind of energy long storage on this basis, be convenient to transportation and the good microbial fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency, i.e. solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer.
The inventor is separated to the sporiferous fixed nitrogen sporeformer of strain energy through studying for a long period of time from China's agricultural land soil, through fermentation culture, the absorption of fertilizer matrix and post-treating and other steps, obtained a kind of solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer, thereby reached purpose of the present invention.
Gather pedotheque from domestic 8 provinces, city, handled in 10 minutes to eliminate no gemma mushroom through 80 ℃ of heating earlier after making soil supension, the soil supension with dilution is inoculated in the nitrogen-free agar then, and 30 ℃ of heat insulating culture are selected isolated bacterium colony purifying cultivation after 2 days.Bacterium numbering culture transferring behind the purifying is preserved to the test tube slant, detected the nitrogenase activity of all bacterial strains, select and produce gemma and the high bacterial strain of nitrogenase activity gives over to further detection with gas-chromatography view.Through detecting repeatedly relatively, separation screening is to the high and stable genus bacillus of a strain nitrogenase activity in the red soil of Jiangxi for the result, and this bacterial strain has following feature:
1, colony morphology characteristic: after 30 ℃ of good air cultures of insulation are supported 2 days on the nitrogen-free agar, form 2-5 millimeters colourless translucent, garden shape projection bacterium colonies of diameter, neat in edge or wavy, little thickness.Continue to cultivate after 2-3 days, the gradual change of bacterium colony center is thick and muddy, but the edge is still transparent, and can see bacterium colony to light source after 2 weeks has 3-5 concentric turns.
2, morphological features: thalline is shaft-like, 1 micron of single thalline diameter, long 3-6 microns; Little pod membrane is arranged, faint motion, Gram-positive or variable.Cultivate after 5 days that to make volumination be fusiform or fusiformis because of forming sporocyst, sophisticated gemma ovum garden shape or ellipse garden shape, middle life or inferior end are given birth to.
3, major physiological, biochemical characteristic: except that lactose, can utilize various saccharides to produce sour aerogenesis, not gelatin hydrolysate and casein: on broth culture the growth faint, and on nitrogen-free agar well-grown, can utilize N in the air 2Be nitrogenous source.The litmus milk reaction is acid cure, can anti-1-2%Nacl growth.The suitableeest culture temperature is 32 ℃, is lower than 10 ℃ or be higher than 42 ℃ and do not grow; Optimal pH is 7.7.Good gas or amphimicrobian.
4, nitrogenase activity: all can express nitrogenase activity at aerobic or oxygen free condition, but nitrogenase activity is higher in oxygen-free environment, in oxygen level then nitrogenase activity reduction above 5% o'clock, nitrogenase activity is than reducing by 60% under the oxygen free condition in air.Through repeatedly meticulous detection, CN9506 bacterial strain nitrogenase activity be 509.7 ± 85.8 nMs ethene/pipe/hour, nitrogen-fixing efficiency be 1100-3200 nMs ethene/milligram albumen/hour.
According to this each characteristic more than bacterial strain, according to " uncle Ji Shi division bacteria handbook and " general bacterium authentication method commonly used " (Science Press, 1986) classification identify that this bacterial strain is bacillus azotobacter (Bacillus azotofixans).Therefore, with its called after bacillus azotobacter CN9506.Bacillus azotobacter CN9506 in August 4 nineteen ninety-five in specified depositary institution of Patent Office of the People's Republic of China---Chinese typical culture collection center (CCTCC) preservation, deposit number are CCTCC M95040.After this this bacterial strain is called bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040, for ease of narration, this paper abbreviates this bacterial strain as " vinelandii ".
Solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer of the present invention contains bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 microbial inoculum (after this being called for short " vinelandii microbial inoculum ") and fertilizer matrix, can also contain phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum, potassium bacterium microbial inoculum.Its proportion of composing is:
Vinelandii microbial inoculum 5-30% (weight)
Phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum 0-15% (weight)
Potassium bacterium microbial inoculum 0-15% (weight)
The preferred proportion of composing of fertilizer matrix 70-95% (weight) is:
Vinelandii microbial inoculum 5-15% (weight)
Phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum 5-10% (weight)
Potassium bacterium microbial inoculum 5-10% (weight)
Fertilizer matrix 75-85% (weight)
Except that said components, bacterial manure of the present invention can also comprise that other is to the useful composition of plant growth such as Insecticides (tech) ﹠ Herbicides (tech), plant-growth regulator, fertilizer synergist, soil improvement agent etc.
Most typical solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer is made up of vinelandii microbial inoculum, phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum, potassium bacterium microbial inoculum and fertilizer matrix, and its proportion of composing is aforesaid preferred content range.
Described vinelandii microbial inoculum is meant the fermented liquid that bacillus azotobacter CCTCCM95040 obtains after fermentation culture, also comprise its concentrated broth.
Described phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum is meant the fermented liquid that bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megatherium) ACCC 10010 obtains after fermentation culture, also comprise its concentrated broth.Bacillus megaterium ACCC 10010 can decompose organophosphorus, therefore is commonly called as to be phosphorus bacteria.
Described potassium bacterium microbial inoculum is meant bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (the Bacillus muci lagino-sus) fermented liquid that ACCC 10013 obtains after fermentation culture, also comprise its concentrated broth.Bacillusmusilaginosiengineering ACCC 10013 has the potassium decomposing function, therefore is commonly called as to be the potassium bacterium.
Described phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterium are in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's agricultural microorganism center preservation, ACCC 10010 and ACCC 10013 are respectively described phosphorus bacteria and the potassium bacterium preserving number at this preservation center, and the public can buy phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium to this preservation center by preserving number.
Described fertilizer matrix is meant the matrix that is formed by two or more component compounds that are selected from municipal effluent station mud, fowl domestic animals (chicken manure, Swine, cow dung etc.), soddy soil, pond sludge, organic waste residue and the inorganic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer wherein comprises agricultural various chemical fertilizer commonly used, preferably ammonium sulfate, urea or composite fertilizer.
Preferred fertilizer matrix is formed with content as follows:
Municipal effluent station mud 60-75%
Manure of livestock and poultry 20-30%
Inorganic fertilizer 5-10%
The manufacture method of solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer comprises the preparation microbial inoculum, preparation fertilizer matrix and three steps of aftertreatment.
1, preparation microbial inoculum
The preparation microbial inoculum comprises fermentation culture vinelandii (CCTCC M95040), phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium liquid.
The fermentation culture of vinelandii can be used known culture condition and method.General incubation time is 20-24 hours, and culture temperature is 25-30 ℃, and cultivating pH is 7.0-7.4, and air flow is 0.5-1: 1 cubic metre/ton, 200-300 rev/mins of stirring velocitys.The preferred incubation time of this bacterial classification is 30 hours, and 32 ℃ of culture temperature are cultivated pH7.7, air flow 0.5: 1 cubic metre/ton, tank pressure 0.5kg/cm 2200 rev/mins of stirring velocitys.It is as follows to cultivate the preferred substratum of vinelandii:
The nitrogen-free agar of screening and preservation bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 is:
Sucrose 1.0%
Yeast extract paste 0.01%
Sal epsom (M9SO 47H 2O) 0.05%
Potassium primary phosphate (KH 2PO 4) 0.02%
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K 2HPO 4) 0.008%
Sodium-chlor (NaCl) 0.001%
Lime carbonate (CaCO 3) 0.50%
Sodium orthomolybdate (Na 2MoO 4) 0.0005%
Ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4) 0.00015%
Agar 2.0%
pH=7.7
The substratum that is used for CCTCC M95040 shake-flask culture and fermentative production is to add following composition on the basis of above-mentioned nitrogen-free agar in addition:
Semen Maydis powder 1% ammonium sulfate 0.1%
Peptone 0.1%
The cultivation of phosphorus bacteria and fermentation are undertaken by the method in published " phosphorus bacteria " volumes such as (, agriculture press, nineteen fifty-nine, Beijing) Chen Tingwei book.
Cultivation of potassium bacterium and fermentation are undertaken by the method in published " potassium bacterium " (Chen Tingwei compiles, agriculture press, 1959, Beijing) book.
Fermented liquid by gained after the above method cultivation and fermentation is the vinelandii microbial inoculum, phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum, potassium bacterium microbial inoculum.
2, preparation fertilizer matrix
Each component of fertilizer matrix needs earlier to dry killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum through 200 ℃ of hot blast cylinders again through air-dry back crushing screening (80-100 order), adds 5-10% inorganic fertilizer thorough mixing then and promptly makes fertilizer matrix.
3, aftertreatment:
Microbial inoculum and fertilizer matrix uniform mixing are promptly made the powdery solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer, also can make the particulate state solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer by the following method: fertilizer matrix is sent in the pan-pelletizer, when fertilizer matrix is rolled in pan-pelletizer, sieve after spraying the microbial inoculum rolling balling, choosing 3-5mm diameter garden shape particle transport promptly became particle bacterial manure in 3 minutes to low temperature (80 ℃) hot blast roller drying.
The solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer of making as stated above is powdery or garden spheroidal particle, only contains that vinelandii content is 1-5 hundred million/gram in the bacterial manure of vinelandii.In the compound bacterial fertilizer that is added with phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium, vinelandii, potassium bacterium and potassium bacterium respectively contain 1/3, and total count is 1-5 hundred million a/gram.
The solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer that the present invention makes has effective bacterial content height, high temperature resistant (80 ℃) drying, but long storage is convenient to advantages such as long-distance transport.And bacterial manure low cost of manufacture of the present invention, raw material sources are extensive.Field test shows that this bacterial manure can make wheat, paddy rice, corn and vegetable crop obviously increase production, and can save fertilizer amount and cost.Whole nation agricultural technology extension master station of the Ministry of Agriculture layouted in 23 counties (city) of 21 provinces (city, district) at home in 1994, fertilizer efficiency to solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer of the present invention is carried out the various crop field plot trial, is that 50 kilograms of replacement chemical fertilizer are made base manure food crop and vegetables field by every mu of consumption.Test-results proves that what effect of increasing production was arranged accounts for 85.7%, and amount of increase in production is 10-30% (referring to No. 05 literary composition of national agricultural technology extension master station [1995] (agrotechnical 3) word).
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described:
Embodiment 1
1, the preparation of azotogen
Bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 is inoculated into the triangular flask shake-flask culture 16 hours that fill 1000ml foregoing is used for the substratum of vinelandii shake-flask culture of the present invention, be inoculated in 200 liters of seed fermentation jars (substratum is identical with substratum in the triangular flask) by 1% inoculation capacity then, ventilation (1: 0.5), cultivated 16 hours in 30 ℃, be inoculated in 200 liters of big fermentor tanks by 10% inoculum size again, being warming up to 35 ℃ after 20 hours in 30 ℃ of fermentation culture cultivated 10 hours again, treating that 80% thalline forms can go out jar behind the gemma and become the vinelandii of gemma fermented liquid is arranged, and this is the vinelandii microbial inoculums.
2, the preparation of fertilizer matrix:
Municipal effluent station mud 60kg and chicken manure 30kg are pulverized (crossing 80-100 mesh sieves),, mix with 10kg ammonium sulfate then through 200 ℃ of hot blast cylinder oven dry killing pathogenic bacteria and worm's ovum.
3, aftertreatment:
Get 10kg as above the vinelandii microbial inoculum that makes of step 1 and 90kg as above in the step 2 the fertilizer matrix of preparation mix, in pan-pelletizer, roll and make the spheroidal particle of diameter 3-5mm.Promptly make the particulate state solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer through 80 ℃ of warm air dryings.
Its effective bacterial content is 100,000,000 a/gram, and drying conditions was stored down more than 2 years, and active maintenance is more than 80%.
Embodiment 2
1, the preparation of vinelandii composite fungus agent
Make the vinelandii microbial inoculum by the method fermentation culture bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 described in the embodiment 1.Difference fermentation culture phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium in other fermentor tank, its culture condition is as follows:
The phosphorus bacteria fermention medium is a starch 3%, soybean cake powder 1%, corn steep liquor 0.1%, KH 2PO 41%, (NH 4) 2SO 40.2%, CaCO 30.5%, pH=7.2-7.4.The shake-flask culture of phosphorus bacteria and identical with method with the fixed nitrogen sporeformer from seeding tank to the fermentor cultivation fermentation condition.
Potassium fermentation using bacteria substratum is a starch 0.5%, sucrose 0.1%, K 2HPO 40.2%, (NH 4) 2SO 40.1%, MgSO 40.05%, FeCl 30.001%, CaCO 30.01%, yeast extract paste 0.02%, pH=7.2-7.4, all the other fermentation conditions are identical with fixed nitrogen sporeformer and phosphorus bacteria with method.
Above three kinds of bacterium microbial inoculum balanced mix of making of fermenting is respectively promptly become vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium composite fungus agent.
2, the preparation of fertilizer matrix
Fertilizer matrix preparation method prepares fertilizer matrix as described in example 1 above, different raw material and consumptions be: municipal effluent station mud 75kg.
Pig cow dung 20kg
Urea 5kg
3, aftertreatment:
85kg fertilizer matrix is sent in the pan-pelletizer, sprayed above-mentioned composite fungus agent again, promptly make the spheroidal particle of 3-5 millimeters of diameters through rolling balling again through warm air drying.Contain vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterium in this particle bacterial manure and be total up to 1.5 hundred million/gram, but dry storage 2 years actively keeps more than 80%.
Embodiment 3
Method by embodiment 2 prepares composite fungus agent and fertilizer matrix, and 75kg fertilizer matrix is sent in the pan-pelletizer, sprays the 25kg composite fungus agent again, uses the treatment process identical with embodiment 2 to make particle bacterial manure then.The effective bacterium total amount of this bacterial manure is 2.5 hundred million a/gram, dry storage 2 years, and active preservation is more than 80%.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer is characterized in that it contains:
5-30% (weight) vinelandii microbial inoculum
70-95% (weight) fertilizer matrix
Wherein said vinelandii microbial inoculum is meant the fermented liquid that bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 obtains after fermentation culture, fertilizer matrix is meant that wherein inorganic fertilizer is farmland various chemical fertilizer commonly used by being selected from the matrix that in municipal effluent station mud, manure of livestock and poultry, soddy soil, pond sludge, organic waste residues and the inorganic fertilizer two kinds or multiple component compound form.
2, solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also contains:
0-15% (weight) phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum
0-15% (weight) potassium bacterium microbial inoculum
Wherein said phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum is meant the fermented liquid that bacillus megaterium ACCC 10010 obtains after fermentation culture, potassium bacterium microbial inoculum is meant the fermented liquid that bacillusmusilaginosiengineering ACCC10013 obtains after fermentation culture.
3, solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that it contains:
5-15% (weight) vinelandii microbial inoculum
5-10% (weight) phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum
5-10% (weight) potassium bacterium microbial inoculum
75-85% (weight) fertilizer matrix
4, according to the described solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that wherein said fertilizer matrix be meant by:
60-75% municipal effluent station mud
20-30% fowl domestic animals
5-10% inorganic fertilizer
The composite matrix that forms, inorganic fertilizer wherein is meant ammonium sulfate, urea or composite fertilizer.
5, a kind of method as making solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer as described in the claim 1-4 is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation microbial inoculum
A, fermentation culture bacillus azotobacter CCTCC M95040 make the vinelandii microbial inoculum;
B, fermentation culture bacillus megaterium ACCC 10010 make the phosphorus bacteria microbial inoculum;
C, fermentation culture bacillusmusilaginosiengineering ACCC 10013 make potassium bacterium microbial inoculum.
2) preparation fertilizer matrix
Base starting material is pulverized, sterilized, make fertilizer matrix in required ratio compound then;
3, aftertreatment is with step 1) a and step 2) material that makes is in required ratio uniform mixing or with step 1) and step 2) all substances that make are in required ratio uniform mixing, perhaps with the granulation on pan-pelletizer of described material.
CN95117432A 1995-11-09 1995-11-09 Solid-nitrogen bud-fungus fertilizer and production method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN1062253C (en)

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Cited By (11)

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CN100417720C (en) * 2005-06-10 2008-09-10 韩国农村振兴厅 Bacillus KR083 helpful for crop growth and microbe preparation containing the same
CN101914468A (en) * 2010-07-15 2010-12-15 广西大学 Nitrogen-fixing bacillus megaterium strain DL7 and application thereof
CN101580410B (en) * 2008-08-29 2012-08-29 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 Method for producing alkaline organic fertilizer by papermaking sludge
CN102964176A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-03-13 青岛琅琊台集团股份有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN102992560A (en) * 2010-06-08 2013-03-27 孙继国 Stain activation auxiliary material and preparation method thereof
CN102992489A (en) * 2010-06-08 2013-03-27 孙继国 Method for activating bio-fermentation microbial agent
CN104291974A (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-21 湖北中化东方肥料有限公司 Microbial fertilizer capable of enhancing salt tolerance of plants and preparation method of microbial fertilizer
CN104788250A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-07-22 王开运 An efficient nitrogen-fixing bacillus strain and a preparing method of a microbial fertilizer containing the strain
CN105152699A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-12-16 丁德凤 Bio-fertilizer
CN108484285A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-04 葛江丽 A kind of dedicated disease-resistant multi-functional bacterial manure of fixed nitrogen of the Northeast's rice
CN111825506A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-27 上海绿乐生物科技有限公司 Special fertilizer for improving ecological environment of rice soil and application method thereof

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SU592807A1 (en) * 1976-06-30 1978-02-15 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Микробиологических Средств Защиты Растений И Бактериальных Препаратов Method of obtaining peat bacterial fertilizer
CN1014053B (en) * 1988-01-11 1991-09-25 梁宝华 Putrefactive ammonium dihydrogen phosphate organic complex fertilizer and its prepn. method
CN1069959A (en) * 1991-11-22 1993-03-17 杨爱民 A kind of manufacture method of azotobacteria fertilizer
CN1107178A (en) * 1994-11-14 1995-08-23 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院实验动物中心 Bioligical fertilizer producing method and used microbe

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100417720C (en) * 2005-06-10 2008-09-10 韩国农村振兴厅 Bacillus KR083 helpful for crop growth and microbe preparation containing the same
CN101580410B (en) * 2008-08-29 2012-08-29 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 Method for producing alkaline organic fertilizer by papermaking sludge
CN102992560A (en) * 2010-06-08 2013-03-27 孙继国 Stain activation auxiliary material and preparation method thereof
CN102992489A (en) * 2010-06-08 2013-03-27 孙继国 Method for activating bio-fermentation microbial agent
CN101914468A (en) * 2010-07-15 2010-12-15 广西大学 Nitrogen-fixing bacillus megaterium strain DL7 and application thereof
CN102964176A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-03-13 青岛琅琊台集团股份有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN102964176B (en) * 2012-11-12 2014-04-16 青岛琅琊台集团股份有限公司 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN104291974A (en) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-21 湖北中化东方肥料有限公司 Microbial fertilizer capable of enhancing salt tolerance of plants and preparation method of microbial fertilizer
CN104788250A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-07-22 王开运 An efficient nitrogen-fixing bacillus strain and a preparing method of a microbial fertilizer containing the strain
CN105152699A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-12-16 丁德凤 Bio-fertilizer
CN108484285A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-04 葛江丽 A kind of dedicated disease-resistant multi-functional bacterial manure of fixed nitrogen of the Northeast's rice
CN111825506A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-10-27 上海绿乐生物科技有限公司 Special fertilizer for improving ecological environment of rice soil and application method thereof

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