CN113540756A - Broadband dual-polarized antenna - Google Patents
Broadband dual-polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113540756A CN113540756A CN202110803583.1A CN202110803583A CN113540756A CN 113540756 A CN113540756 A CN 113540756A CN 202110803583 A CN202110803583 A CN 202110803583A CN 113540756 A CN113540756 A CN 113540756A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention provides a broadband dual-polarized antenna, which comprises an antenna radiator, a first dielectric plate, a first feed balun, a second feed balun and an antenna reflecting plate, wherein the antenna radiator is arranged on the first dielectric plate; the first feed balun and the second feed balun are mutually and vertically connected in a cross mode, the upper ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the first dielectric plate, and the lower ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the antenna reflector plate; the antenna radiator is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate and comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm; each radiation arm comprises a first sub radiation arm and a second sub radiation arm, the first sub radiation arm is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate, the second sub radiation arm is printed on the bottom surface of the first dielectric plate, and partial areas of the first sub radiation arm and the second sub radiation arm are overlapped to form a coupling area. The invention effectively improves impedance matching, expands relative impedance bandwidth and greatly optimizes the radiation characteristic of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of communication antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the 5G and B5G era has been entered. For a mobile communication terminal base station, it is necessary to operate in multiple operating frequency bands, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. Therefore, the base station antenna should have a broadband characteristic to meet the requirement of operating in multiple frequency bands. The base station antenna with the broadband characteristic can reduce the number of antennas, save space resources and reduce cost. Therefore, broadband is one of the main trends in the development of base station antennas.
Chinese patent document CN107508037A proposes a base station antenna unit, but the antenna unit has only one layer of radiating arm, but the relative impedance bandwidth is small, and the relative impedance bandwidth is only 14.1%. Chinese patent document CN101471496A proposes a cross-polarized antenna, in which the antenna unit is formed by integral molding, but the relative impedance bandwidth is small, and is only 16%.
In summary, the relative impedance bandwidth of the base station antenna in the prior art needs to be further improved, the radiation characteristic needs to be improved, and the related art needs to be improved and perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband dual-polarized antenna aiming at the problems in the prior art so as to expand the relative impedance bandwidth and improve the radiation characteristic.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a broadband dual-polarized antenna comprises an antenna radiator, a first dielectric plate, a first feed balun, a second feed balun and an antenna reflecting plate;
the first feed balun and the second feed balun are mutually and vertically connected in a cross mode, the upper ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the first dielectric plate, and the lower ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the antenna reflector plate;
the antenna radiator is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate and comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm; the four radiation arms are distributed in an orthogonal manner in pairs to form two pairs of orthogonal symmetrical radiation combinations, and one radiation arm is arranged at every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction taking the center of the first medium plate as the center of a circle; the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm form a half-wave oscillator, and the second radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm form another half-wave oscillator;
each radiation arm comprises a first sub radiation arm and a second sub radiation arm, the first sub radiation arm is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate, the second sub radiation arm is printed on the bottom surface of the first dielectric plate, and partial areas of the first sub radiation arm and the second sub radiation arm are overlapped to form a coupling area.
Furthermore, the first sub-radiating arm is hexagonal, two opposite angles of the hexagon are right angles, and one of the right angles is arranged towards the center of the first dielectric slab; the second sub-radiating arm is square, and one right angle of the square is arranged towards the center of the first dielectric slab;
the diagonals of the first sub-radiation arm and the second sub-radiation arm are positioned on the same straight line, partial projections of the first sub-radiation arm and the second sub-radiation arm on the first dielectric slab are overlapped, and the non-overlapped part of the second sub-radiation arm is positioned outside one end of the first sub-radiation arm facing the center of the first dielectric slab.
The patch further comprises a second dielectric plate, a parasitic patch and a strut, wherein the parasitic patch is printed on the second dielectric plate; the second dielectric plate is supported on the first dielectric plate through a support column and is arranged above the antenna radiating body in a suspended mode.
Furthermore, the first feeding balun comprises a third dielectric slab, a first microstrip line and a feeding point printed on the front surface of the third dielectric slab, and a first slot transmission line and a second slot transmission line printed on the back surface of the third dielectric slab;
the first gap transmission line and the second gap transmission line extend along the vertical direction, the first gap transmission line is positioned above the middle part of the back surface of the third dielectric slab, and the second gap transmission line is positioned below the middle part of the back surface of the third dielectric slab; the second gap transmission line is of a gradual change structure and is funnel-shaped with large upper end width and small lower end width, the upper end of the second gap transmission line is connected to the lower end of the first gap transmission line, and the upper end width of the second gap transmission line is larger than the width of the first gap transmission line.
Furthermore, the first microstrip line comprises a first section of microstrip line, a second section of microstrip line, a third section of microstrip line and a first gradually-changed microstrip open-circuit line which are connected in sequence;
the third section of microstrip line and the first gradual change microstrip open line extend along the horizontal direction, and the first section of microstrip line and the second section of microstrip line extend along the vertical direction; one end of a third section of microstrip line is connected with one end of the first gradual change microstrip open circuit line, and the other end of the third section of microstrip line is sequentially connected with a second section of microstrip line and a first section of microstrip line;
the first gradually-changed microstrip open line is of a gradually-changed structure and is in a funnel shape with one end being wide and the other end being small in width, wherein the end with the larger width is connected with the third section of microstrip line;
the feed point is positioned at the joint of the third section of microstrip line and the first gradual change microstrip open-circuit line, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed in the third dielectric plate corresponding to the first section of microstrip line.
Furthermore, the second feeding balun comprises a fourth dielectric slab, a second microstrip line and a feeding point printed on the front surface of the fourth dielectric slab, and a third slot transmission line and a fourth slot transmission line printed on the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab;
the third gap transmission line and the fourth gap transmission line extend along the vertical direction, the third gap transmission line is positioned above the middle part of the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab, and the fourth gap transmission line is positioned below the middle part of the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab; the fourth gap transmission line is of a gradual change structure and is funnel-shaped with a large upper end width and a small lower end width, the upper end of the fourth gap transmission line is connected to the lower end of the third gap transmission line, and the upper end width of the fourth gap transmission line is larger than the width of the third gap transmission line.
Furthermore, the second microstrip line comprises a fourth section of microstrip line, a fifth section of microstrip line, a sixth section of microstrip line and a second gradually-changed microstrip open-circuit line which are connected in sequence;
the sixth microstrip line and the second gradually-changed microstrip open line extend along the horizontal direction, and the fourth microstrip line and the fifth microstrip line extend along the vertical direction; one end of a sixth microstrip line is connected with one end of the second gradually-changed microstrip open-circuit line, and the other end of the sixth microstrip line is sequentially connected with a fifth microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line;
the second gradually-changed microstrip open line is of a gradually-changed structure and is in a funnel shape with one end being large in width and the other end being small in width, wherein the end with the larger width is connected with the sixth section of microstrip line;
the feed point is positioned at the joint of the sixth section of microstrip line and the second gradual change microstrip open-circuit line, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed in the fourth dielectric plate corresponding to the fourth section of microstrip line.
Furthermore, an upward-opening slot is arranged above the middle part of the third dielectric plate, and a downward-opening slot is arranged below the middle part of the fourth dielectric plate; the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are mutually inserted through the slots, so that the first feeding balun and the second feeding balun are mutually and vertically connected in a cross mode.
Furthermore, two plug boards protruding upwards are arranged at the upper end of the first feeding balun, and two plug boards protruding downwards are arranged at the lower end of the first feeding balun;
the upper end of the second feeding balun is provided with two insertion plates protruding upwards, and the lower end of the second feeding balun is provided with two insertion plates protruding downwards;
the first dielectric plate is provided with four jacks, and the antenna reflecting plate is provided with four jacks;
the plug boards at the upper ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are respectively inserted into the four plug holes of the first dielectric plate so as to realize connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate; the plug boards at the lower ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are respectively inserted into the four plug holes of the antenna reflecting plate so as to realize connection and fixation with the antenna reflecting plate;
and the four jacks on the first dielectric slab are respectively arranged on a first sub-radiating arm in the four radiating arms and are positioned at one end of the first sub-radiating arm facing the center of the first dielectric slab.
Furthermore, a first feeding balun welding point is arranged on the first feeding balun and comprises a first welding point, a second welding point, a third welding point and a fourth welding point; the first welding point and the second welding point are arranged on the two plug boards at the upper end of the first feed balun, the first welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm, and the second welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the third radiating arm; the third welding point and the fourth welding point are arranged on the upper edge of the first feed balun, the third welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm, and the fourth welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the third radiating arm;
a second feeding balun welding point is arranged on the second feeding balun and comprises a fifth welding point, a sixth welding point, a seventh welding point and an eighth welding point; the fifth welding point and the sixth welding point are arranged on the two plug boards at the upper end of the second feed balun, the fifth welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm, and the sixth welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm; the seventh welding point and the eighth welding point are arranged on the upper edge of the second feeding balun, the seventh welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm, and the eighth welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm.
Through the antenna structure, a broadband dual-polarized antenna working at 2.3GHz-5GHz is designed, and the relative impedance bandwidth can reach 74%. The broadband dual-polarized antenna provided by the invention has good radiation characteristics, as shown in fig. 6, the return losses | S11|, | S22| are both greater than 18.9dB, and the isolation | S21| is greater than 28 dB.
According to the broadband dual-polarized antenna provided by the invention, the two sub-radiation arms are adopted to form the radiation arms, so that the impedance of the half-wave oscillator is more convergent, and is more easily matched to 50 omega, and further, a wider working bandwidth is obtained. The improved radiation arm has ultra-wide working bandwidth and high isolation. The transmission lines in the first feeding balun and the second feeding balun also adopt a gradually-changed shape structure, so that the antenna can obtain better impedance matching, and the working bandwidth is further widened. In conclusion, the invention effectively improves impedance matching, expands relative impedance bandwidth and greatly optimizes the radiation characteristic of the antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a broadband dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna radiator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation arm in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front-back side structural view of the first feeding balun in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front-back side structural view of the second feeding balun in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a radiation characteristic diagram of a broadband dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a broadband dual-polarized antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna radiator 2, a first dielectric plate 6, a first feeding balun 3, a second feeding balun 4, and an antenna reflector 5;
the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are perpendicularly and crossly connected with each other, the upper ends of the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are connected with a first dielectric plate 6, and the lower ends of the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are connected with an antenna reflector 5.
As an improvement, the dielectric substrate further comprises a second dielectric plate 1, a parasitic patch 1a and a strut 7, wherein the parasitic patch 1a is printed on the second dielectric plate 1; the second dielectric plate 1 is supported on the first dielectric plate 6 through a pillar 7, and is suspended above the antenna radiator 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the antenna radiator 2 is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric board 6, and the antenna radiator 2 includes a first radiation arm 201, a second radiation arm 202, a third radiation arm 203, and a fourth radiation arm 204; the four radiation arms are distributed in an orthogonal manner in pairs to form two pairs of orthogonal symmetrical radiation combinations, and one radiation arm is arranged at every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction taking the center of the first dielectric slab 6 as the center of a circle; the first radiation arm 201 and the third radiation arm 203 form a half-wave oscillator, and the second radiation arm 202 and the fourth radiation arm 204 form another half-wave oscillator.
As shown in fig. 3, each radiation arm includes a first sub-radiation arm 201a and a second sub-radiation arm 201b, the first sub-radiation arm 201a is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric slab 6, the second sub-radiation arm 201b is printed on the bottom surface of the first dielectric slab 6, partial areas of the first sub-radiation arm 201a and the second sub-radiation arm 201b overlap to form a coupling region, and a dotted line portion of the second sub-radiation arm 201b in fig. 3 is a coupling region that is overlapped and shielded.
Further, the first sub-radiating arm 201a is hexagonal, two opposite corners of the hexagonal are right angles, and one of the right angles is arranged toward the center of the first dielectric plate 6; the second sub-radiating arm 201b is square, and one right angle of the square is arranged towards the center of the first dielectric slab 6. The diagonals of the first sub-radiating arm 201a and the second sub-radiating arm 201b are located on the same straight line, partial projections of the first sub-radiating arm 201a and the second sub-radiating arm 201b on the first dielectric slab 6 are overlapped, and the non-overlapped part of the second sub-radiating arm 201b is located outside one end of the first sub-radiating arm 201a facing the center of the first dielectric slab 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the first feeding balun 3 includes a third dielectric plate 303, a first microstrip line 301 and a feeding point 304 printed on the front surface of the third dielectric plate 303, and a first slot transmission line 302b and a second slot transmission line 302a printed on the back surface of the third dielectric plate 303;
the first slot transmission line 302b and the second slot transmission line 302a both extend along the vertical direction, the first slot transmission line 302b is located above the middle of the back surface of the third dielectric slab 303, and the second slot transmission line 302a is located below the middle of the back surface of the third dielectric slab 303; the second slot transmission line 302a is a tapered structure, and has a funnel shape with a large upper end width and a small lower end width, the upper end of the second slot transmission line 302a is connected to the lower end of the first slot transmission line 302b, and the upper end width of the second slot transmission line 302a is greater than the width of the first slot transmission line 302 b.
Further, the first microstrip line 301 includes a first section of microstrip line 301a, a second section of microstrip line 301b, a third section of microstrip line 301c, and a first gradually-changing microstrip open-circuit line 301d, which are connected in sequence;
the open lines of the third section of microstrip line 301c and the first gradual change microstrip 301d extend along the horizontal direction, and the first section of microstrip line 301a and the second section of microstrip line 301b extend along the vertical direction; one end of the third microstrip line 301c is connected to one end of the first tapered microstrip open line 301d, and the other end of the third microstrip line 301c is sequentially connected to the second microstrip line 301b and the first microstrip line 301 a.
In this embodiment, the first gradually-varied microstrip open-line 301d is a gradually-varied structure, and has a funnel shape with one end having a larger width and the other end having a smaller width, and the end having the larger width is connected to the third microstrip line 301 c.
Further, the feeding point 304 is located at a connection position of the third section of microstrip line 301c and the first tapered microstrip open-circuit line 301d, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed on the third dielectric plate 303 corresponding to the first section of microstrip line 301 a.
As shown in fig. 5, the second feeding balun 4 includes a fourth dielectric slab 403, a second microstrip line 401 and a feeding point 404 printed on the front surface of the fourth dielectric slab 403, and a third slot transmission line 402b and a fourth slot transmission line 402a printed on the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab 403;
the third slot transmission line 402b and the fourth slot transmission line 402a both extend in the vertical direction, the third slot transmission line 402b is located above the middle of the back of the fourth dielectric slab 403, and the fourth slot transmission line 402a is located below the middle of the back of the fourth dielectric slab 403; the fourth slot transmission line 402a is a tapered structure, and has a funnel shape with a large upper end width and a small lower end width, the upper end of the fourth slot transmission line 402a is connected to the lower end of the third slot transmission line 402b, and the upper end width of the fourth slot transmission line 402a is greater than the width of the third slot transmission line 402 b.
Further, the second microstrip line 401 includes a fourth microstrip line 401a, a fifth microstrip line 401b, a sixth microstrip line 401c and a second gradually-changing microstrip open-circuit line 401d which are connected in sequence;
the sixth microstrip line 401c and the second gradual change microstrip open line 401d extend along the horizontal direction, and the fourth microstrip line 401a and the fifth microstrip line 401b extend along the vertical direction; one end of the sixth microstrip line 401c is connected to one end of the second gradually-varying microstrip open line 401d, and the other end of the sixth microstrip line 401c is sequentially connected to the fifth microstrip line 401b and the fourth microstrip line 401 a.
In this embodiment, the second gradually-varied microstrip open line 401d is a gradually-varied structure, and has a funnel shape with one end having a larger width and the other end having a smaller width, and the end having the larger width is connected to the sixth microstrip line 401 c.
Further, the feeding point 404 is located at a connection position between the sixth microstrip line 401c and the second gradual change microstrip open line 401d, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed on the fourth dielectric slab 403 corresponding to the fourth microstrip line 401 a.
With reference to fig. 1 to 5, an upward opening slot is disposed above the middle portion of the third dielectric plate 303, and a downward opening slot is disposed below the middle portion of the fourth dielectric plate 403; the third dielectric plate 303 and the fourth dielectric plate 403 are inserted into each other through the slots, so that the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are vertically and crossly connected with each other.
Furthermore, two insertion plates protruding upwards are arranged at the upper end of the first feeding balun 3, and two insertion plates protruding downwards are arranged at the lower end of the first feeding balun 3; the upper end of the second feeding balun 4 is provided with two insertion plates protruding upwards, and the lower end of the second feeding balun 4 is provided with two insertion plates protruding downwards;
four jacks are arranged on the first dielectric plate 6, and four jacks are arranged on the antenna reflecting plate 5;
the plug boards at the upper ends of the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are respectively inserted into the four plug holes of the first dielectric plate 6 so as to realize the connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate 6; the lower end plugboards of the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4 are respectively inserted into the four plugholes of the antenna reflector 5, so as to realize connection and fixation with the antenna reflector 5.
The four insertion holes on the first dielectric plate 6 are respectively disposed on the first sub-radiating arm 201a of the four radiating arms, and are located at one end of the first sub-radiating arm 201a facing the center of the first dielectric plate 6.
More specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 6, a first feeding balun welding point 305 is disposed on the first feeding balun 3, and includes a first welding point 305a, a second welding point 305b, a third welding point 305c and a fourth welding point 305 d; the first welding point 305a and the second welding point 305b are arranged on two plug boards at the upper end of the first feeding balun 3, the first welding point 305a is welded with the first sub-radiating arm 201a of the first radiating arm 201, and the second welding point 305b is welded with the first sub-radiating arm 201a of the third radiating arm 203; the third welding point 305c and the fourth welding point 305d are disposed at the upper edge of the first feeding balun 3, the third welding point 305c is welded to the second sub-radiating arm 201b of the first radiating arm 201, and the fourth welding point 305d is welded to the second sub-radiating arm 201b of the third radiating arm 203;
a second feeding balun welding point 405 is arranged on the second feeding balun 4 and comprises a fifth welding point 405a, a sixth welding point 405b, a seventh welding point 405c and an eighth welding point 405 d; the fifth welding point 405a and the sixth welding point 405b are disposed on two plugboards at the upper end of the second feeding balun 4, the fifth welding point 405a is welded 201a to the first sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm 202, and the sixth welding point 405b is welded 201a to the first sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm 204; the seventh welding point 405c and the eighth welding point 405d are disposed at the upper edge of the second feeding balun 4, and the seventh welding point 405c is welded 201b to the second sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm 202, and the eighth welding point 405d is welded 201b to the second sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm 204.
In the first feeding balun 3, the current from the external coaxial line passes through the first microstrip line 301, and then is coupled to the first slot transmission line 302b and the second slot transmission line 302a at the feeding point 304, and finally is transmitted to the antenna radiator 2. Similarly, in the second feeding balun 4, the current from the external coaxial line passes through the second microstrip line 401, then is coupled to the third slot transmission line 402b and the fourth slot transmission line 402a at the feeding point 404, and finally is transmitted to the antenna radiator 2.
Each radiating arm on the antenna radiator 2 adopts a structure that two sub-radiating arms are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 6, so that the impedance of the half-wave oscillator is more convergent, the impedance matching is closer to 50 omega, and the impedance matching can be obviously improved.
In addition, in the first feeding balun 3 and the second feeding balun 4, the first tapered microstrip open line 301d, the second slot transmission line 302a, the second tapered microstrip open line 401d, and the fourth slot transmission line 402a adopt a tapered structural design, so that impedance matching can be further improved, and the working bandwidth can be expanded.
Through the antenna structure, a broadband dual-polarized antenna working at 2.3GHz-5GHz is designed, and the relative impedance bandwidth can reach 74%. The broadband dual-polarized antenna provided by the invention has good radiation characteristics, as shown in fig. 6, the return losses | S11|, | S22| are both greater than 18.9dB, and the isolation | S21| is greater than 28 dB.
According to the broadband dual-polarized antenna provided by the invention, the two sub-radiation arms are adopted to form the radiation arms, so that the impedance of the half-wave oscillator is more convergent, and is more easily matched to 50 omega, and further, a wider working bandwidth is obtained. The improved radiation arm has ultra-wide working bandwidth and high isolation. The transmission lines in the first feeding balun and the second feeding balun also adopt a gradually-changed shape structure, so that the antenna can obtain better impedance matching, and the working bandwidth is further widened. In conclusion, the invention effectively improves impedance matching, expands relative impedance bandwidth and greatly optimizes the radiation characteristic of the antenna.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband dual-polarized antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna radiator, a first dielectric plate, a first feed balun, a second feed balun and an antenna reflecting plate;
the first feed balun and the second feed balun are mutually and vertically connected in a cross mode, the upper ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the first dielectric plate, and the lower ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are connected with the antenna reflector plate;
the antenna radiator is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate and comprises a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm, a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm; the four radiation arms are distributed in an orthogonal manner in pairs to form two pairs of orthogonal symmetrical radiation combinations, and one radiation arm is arranged at every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction taking the center of the first medium plate as the center of a circle; the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm form a half-wave oscillator, and the second radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm form another half-wave oscillator;
each radiation arm comprises a first sub radiation arm and a second sub radiation arm, the first sub radiation arm is printed on the top surface of the first dielectric plate, the second sub radiation arm is printed on the bottom surface of the first dielectric plate, and partial areas of the first sub radiation arm and the second sub radiation arm are overlapped to form a coupling area.
2. The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first sub-radiating arm is hexagonal, two opposite corners of the hexagon are right angles, and one of the right angles is disposed toward the center of the first dielectric plate; the second sub-radiating arm is square, and one right angle of the square is arranged towards the center of the first dielectric slab;
the diagonals of the first sub-radiation arm and the second sub-radiation arm are positioned on the same straight line, partial projections of the first sub-radiation arm and the second sub-radiation arm on the first dielectric slab are overlapped, and the non-overlapped part of the second sub-radiation arm is positioned outside one end of the first sub-radiation arm facing the center of the first dielectric slab.
3. The wideband dual polarized antenna of claim 2, further comprising a second dielectric plate, a parasitic patch and a pillar, the parasitic patch being printed on the second dielectric plate; the second dielectric plate is supported on the first dielectric plate through a support column and is arranged above the antenna radiating body in a suspended mode.
4. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein the first feeding balun comprises a third dielectric plate, a first microstrip line and a feeding point printed on the front surface of the third dielectric plate, and a first slot transmission line and a second slot transmission line printed on the back surface of the third dielectric plate;
the first gap transmission line and the second gap transmission line extend along the vertical direction, the first gap transmission line is positioned above the middle part of the back surface of the third dielectric slab, and the second gap transmission line is positioned below the middle part of the back surface of the third dielectric slab; the second gap transmission line is of a gradual change structure and is funnel-shaped with large upper end width and small lower end width, the upper end of the second gap transmission line is connected to the lower end of the first gap transmission line, and the upper end width of the second gap transmission line is larger than the width of the first gap transmission line.
5. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein the first microstrip line comprises a first microstrip line segment, a second microstrip line segment, a third microstrip line segment and a first gradually-changing microstrip open-circuit line, which are connected in sequence;
the third section of microstrip line and the first gradual change microstrip open line extend along the horizontal direction, and the first section of microstrip line and the second section of microstrip line extend along the vertical direction; one end of a third section of microstrip line is connected with one end of the first gradual change microstrip open circuit line, and the other end of the third section of microstrip line is sequentially connected with a second section of microstrip line and a first section of microstrip line;
the first gradually-changed microstrip open line is of a gradually-changed structure and is in a funnel shape with one end being wide and the other end being small in width, wherein the end with the larger width is connected with the third section of microstrip line;
the feed point is positioned at the joint of the third section of microstrip line and the first gradual change microstrip open-circuit line, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed in the third dielectric plate corresponding to the first section of microstrip line.
6. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of claim 5, wherein the second feeding balun comprises a fourth dielectric plate, a second microstrip line and a feeding point printed on the front surface of the fourth dielectric plate, and a third slot transmission line and a fourth slot transmission line printed on the back surface of the fourth dielectric plate;
the third gap transmission line and the fourth gap transmission line extend along the vertical direction, the third gap transmission line is positioned above the middle part of the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab, and the fourth gap transmission line is positioned below the middle part of the back surface of the fourth dielectric slab; the fourth gap transmission line is of a gradual change structure and is funnel-shaped with a large upper end width and a small lower end width, the upper end of the fourth gap transmission line is connected to the lower end of the third gap transmission line, and the upper end width of the fourth gap transmission line is larger than the width of the third gap transmission line.
7. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein the second microstrip line comprises a fourth microstrip line segment, a fifth microstrip line segment, a sixth microstrip line segment and a second gradually-changing microstrip open-circuit line, which are connected in sequence;
the sixth microstrip line and the second gradually-changed microstrip open line extend along the horizontal direction, and the fourth microstrip line and the fifth microstrip line extend along the vertical direction; one end of a sixth microstrip line is connected with one end of the second gradually-changed microstrip open-circuit line, and the other end of the sixth microstrip line is sequentially connected with a fifth microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line;
the second gradually-changed microstrip open line is of a gradually-changed structure and is in a funnel shape with one end being large in width and the other end being small in width, wherein the end with the larger width is connected with the sixth section of microstrip line;
the feed point is positioned at the joint of the sixth section of microstrip line and the second gradual change microstrip open-circuit line, and a via hole for connecting a cable is formed in the fourth dielectric plate corresponding to the fourth section of microstrip line.
8. The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 7, wherein an upward opening slot is provided above a middle portion of the third dielectric plate, and a downward opening slot is provided below a middle portion of the fourth dielectric plate; the third dielectric plate and the fourth dielectric plate are mutually inserted through the slots, so that the first feeding balun and the second feeding balun are mutually and vertically connected in a cross mode.
9. The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 8, wherein the upper end of the first feeding balun is provided with two upward-protruding insertion plates, and the lower end of the first feeding balun is provided with two downward-protruding insertion plates;
the upper end of the second feeding balun is provided with two insertion plates protruding upwards, and the lower end of the second feeding balun is provided with two insertion plates protruding downwards;
the first dielectric plate is provided with four jacks, and the antenna reflecting plate is provided with four jacks;
the plug boards at the upper ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are respectively inserted into the four plug holes of the first dielectric plate so as to realize connection and fixation with the first dielectric plate; the plug boards at the lower ends of the first feed balun and the second feed balun are respectively inserted into the four plug holes of the antenna reflecting plate so as to realize connection and fixation with the antenna reflecting plate;
and the four jacks on the first dielectric slab are respectively arranged on a first sub-radiating arm in the four radiating arms and are positioned at one end of the first sub-radiating arm facing the center of the first dielectric slab.
10. The wideband dual polarized antenna of claim 9, wherein the first feeding balun welding points are disposed on the first feeding balun, and include a first welding point, a second welding point, a third welding point, and a fourth welding point; the first welding point and the second welding point are arranged on the two plug boards at the upper end of the first feed balun, the first welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm, and the second welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the third radiating arm; the third welding point and the fourth welding point are arranged on the upper edge of the first feed balun, the third welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the first radiating arm, and the fourth welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the third radiating arm;
a second feeding balun welding point is arranged on the second feeding balun and comprises a fifth welding point, a sixth welding point, a seventh welding point and an eighth welding point; the fifth welding point and the sixth welding point are arranged on the two plug boards at the upper end of the second feed balun, the fifth welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm, and the sixth welding point is welded with the first sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm; the seventh welding point and the eighth welding point are arranged on the upper edge of the second feeding balun, the seventh welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the second radiating arm, and the eighth welding point is welded with the second sub-radiating arm of the fourth radiating arm.
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| CN113540756B (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221227 Address after: Room 1111, 10 Guanhong Road, Guangzhou hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangdong 510000 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU SITAI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 510000 Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Panyu District, No. 100, West Ring Road, outside the city. Patentee before: GUANGDONG University OF TECHNOLOGY |