CN114156638B - Radiation unit and antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a radiation unit, which comprises a balun structure and a radiation structure, wherein the radiation structure comprises a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm, a fourth radiation arm and a radiation ring, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are matched to form a first polarization, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are matched to form a second polarization, the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are respectively connected with the balun structure, and the radiation ring, the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are arranged at intervals and are in coupling connection with the radiation ring. Compared with the mode that the traditional balun structure is directly connected with the radiating surface, the radiating ring can be made of common materials, the cost of a product is reduced, when the radiating ring is applied to an antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is not influenced by the materials of the radiating surface any more, but is only influenced by the welding quality of the radiating structure and the balun structure, and therefore the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is guaranteed.

Description

Radiation unit and antenna

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications devices, and in particular, to a radiating element and an antenna.

Background

The 5G antenna usually adopts Mass MIMO technology, and has 192 or more radiation elements, and 2 or 3 radiation elements as a sub-array. In a conventional radiating unit, a radiating arm of a radiating structure is connected with a ground pad of a balun structure to connect the radiating structure and the balun structure into a whole, and a high-frequency signal is firstly coupled to the ground pad through the balun, then introduced onto the radiating arm of the radiating structure through the ground pad and emitted into a free space by the radiating arm.

However, in this structure, the third-order intermodulation of the antenna is not only affected by the welding quality of the radiation structure and the balun structure, but also affected by the material of the radiation structure itself, so that it is difficult to ensure the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna, and meanwhile, this structure also makes the cost of the product higher.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, there is a need for a radiating element and an antenna; when the radiating unit is applied to an antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is only influenced by the welding quality or the coupling strength of the radiating structure and the balun structure, but not by the material of the radiating structure, and the cost of the product can be reduced; the antenna adopts the radiation unit, the three-order intermodulation index of the antenna is only influenced by the welding quality or the coupling strength of the radiation structure and the balun structure, and is not influenced by the material of the radiation structure, so that the production cost of the product is reduced.

The technical scheme is as follows:

one embodiment provides a radiation unit comprising:

a balun structure;

the radiation structure comprises a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm, a fourth radiation arm and a radiation ring, the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are matched to form a first polarization, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are matched to form a second polarization, the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are respectively connected with the balun structure, the radiation ring is arranged at intervals with the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm, and the radiation ring is coupled with the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm.

The first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm of the radiating unit form two polarizations to be applied to a dual-polarized antenna; the balun structure transmits signals to the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm, then the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm couple the signals to the radiation ring, and finally the radiation ring transmits the signals to a free space; because the balun structure is not in contact with the radiation ring, the signal of the radiation ring is coupled by the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm, and the signal is emitted towards the free space through the radiation ring, namely the radiation surface is positioned on the radiation ring, compared with the mode that the traditional balun structure is directly connected with the radiation surface and emits the signal, the radiation ring can be made of common materials, the cost of the product is reduced, and when the balun structure is applied to an antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is not influenced by the materials of the radiation surface, but is only influenced by the welding quality or the coupling strength of the radiation structure and the balun structure, so that the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is ensured.

The technical solution is further explained as follows:

in one embodiment, the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm are all located within the radiating loop.

In one embodiment, the inner contour of the radiation ring is spaced from the outer contour of the first polarization to form a first spaced area, the inner contour of the radiation ring is spaced from the outer contour of the second polarization to form a second spaced area, the first spaced area extends along a first direction, the second spaced area extends along a second direction, and the second direction is staggered with the first direction;

the first polarization is positioned in the first interval area and extends along the first direction, so that the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are both arranged at intervals with the radiation ring;

the second polarization is located in the second interval region and extends along the second direction, so that the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are both arranged at intervals with the radiation ring.

In one embodiment, the radiation structure further comprises a support plate supported by the balun structure, and the radiation ring is disposed on the support plate.

In one embodiment, the support plate is a first dielectric plate supported by the balun structure, the radiation ring is a metal layer disposed on the support plate, and the first spacer region and the second spacer region are formed in the radiation ring;

the first polarization is a metal layer arranged on the support plate and is positioned in the first interval area; the second polarization is a metal layer disposed on the support plate and the second polarization is located within the second spacer region.

In one embodiment, the support plate is a metal plate insulated and supported by the balun structure, the metal plate is provided with a first through hole, the first through hole extends along the first direction, and the first polarization is located in the first through hole, so that the first space is formed between the hole profile of the first through hole and the outer profile of the first polarization; the metal plate is provided with a second through hole, the second through hole extends along the second direction, and the second polarization is positioned in the second through hole, so that a second interval area is formed between the hole outline of the second through hole and the outline of the second polarization; the first and second vias cause the metal plate to form the radiating ring, the first and second polarizations being electrically connected to the balun structure.

In one embodiment, the balun structure includes a second dielectric plate, a first feeding conductive line, a second feeding conductive line, a first grounding conductive line, and a second grounding conductive line, and the first feeding conductive line, the second feeding conductive line, the first grounding conductive line, and the second grounding conductive line are all disposed on the second dielectric plate;

one of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is electrically connected or coupled with the first feed wire, and the other of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is electrically connected or coupled with the first ground wire;

one of the third and fourth radiating arms is electrically connected or coupled to the second feeding conductor, and the other of the third and fourth radiating arms is electrically connected or coupled to the second grounding conductor.

In one embodiment, the second dielectric plate has opposite front and back surfaces, the first feeding conductor is located on the front surface of the second dielectric plate, and the second feeding conductor is located on the back surface of the second dielectric plate.

In one embodiment, the first ground lead is located on the reverse side of the second dielectric plate, and the position of the first ground lead corresponds to the position of the first feed lead; the second grounding lead is positioned on the front surface of the second dielectric plate, and the second grounding lead corresponds to the second feed lead in position.

In one embodiment, the radiating structure further includes an auxiliary feeding tab and a bridging wire, and two ends of the bridging wire are electrically connected to the first radiating arm and the auxiliary feeding tab respectively;

the auxiliary feed piece is provided with a first connecting portion, the second radiation arm is provided with a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion correspond to two opposite sides of the second dielectric slab respectively, one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is electrically connected with the first feed lead, and the other of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is electrically connected with the first grounding lead.

In one embodiment, the support plate is provided with a first slot, the second dielectric plate is provided with a first boss, and the support plate is inserted into the first boss through the first slot;

the first connecting part and the second connecting part respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot; the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot.

Another embodiment provides an antenna comprising a radiating element as described in any of the above claims.

The antenna adopts the radiation unit, because the balun structure is not in contact with the radiation ring, the signal of the radiation ring is coupled by the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm, and the signal is emitted towards the free space through the radiation ring, namely the radiation surface is positioned on the radiation ring, compared with the mode that the traditional balun structure is directly connected with the radiation surface and emits the signal, the radiation ring can be made of common materials, the cost of the product is reduced, and when the antenna is applied to the antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is not influenced by the materials of the radiation surface, but is only influenced by the welding quality or the coupling strength of the radiation structure and the balun structure, so the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is ensured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Furthermore, the figures are not drawn to scale with 1:1, and the relative sizes of the various elements in the figures are drawn for illustration only, and not necessarily to true scale.

Fig. 1 is a top view of a radiating structure of a radiating element in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of a balun structure of a radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a reverse view of the balun structure of the radiating element of the embodiment of fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a simulation of standing waves in the radiating element of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating isolation simulation of the radiating elements of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:

100. a balun structure; 111. a first feed conductor; 112. a first ground wire; 121. a second feed conductor; 122. a second ground wire; 130. a second dielectric plate; 131. a first boss; 200. a radiating structure; 211. a first radiating arm; 212. a second radiating arm; 213. a third radiating arm; 214. a fourth radiation arm; 215. an auxiliary feeding sheet; 216. a bridge wire; 220. a support plate; 221. a radiation ring; 222. a first spacer region; 223. a second spacer region; 224. a first slot.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment provides a radiation unit including a balun structure 100 and a radiation structure 200. The balun structure 100 feeds the radiating structure 200. Wherein:

as shown in fig. 1, the radiation structure 200 includes a first radiation arm 211, a second radiation arm 212, a third radiation arm 213, a fourth radiation arm 214, and a radiation ring 221, where the first radiation arm 211 and the second radiation arm 212 cooperate to form a first polarization, the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214 cooperate to form a second polarization, the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 are respectively connected to the balun structure 100, the radiation ring 221 is spaced apart from the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214, and the radiation ring 221 is coupled to the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214.

The radiating element, first radiating arm 211, second radiating arm 212, third radiating arm 213 and fourth radiating arm 214, form two polarizations for application to a dual-polarized antenna; the balun structure 100 transfers signals to the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214, and then the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214 couple the signals to the radiation ring 221, and finally the radiation ring 221 emits the signals into free space; because the balun structure 100 is not in contact with the radiation ring 221, the signal of the radiation ring 221 is coupled by the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214, and the signal is emitted toward the free space through the radiation ring 221, that is, the radiation surface is on the radiation ring 221, compared with a mode that the conventional balun structure 100 is directly connected with the radiation surface and emits the signal, the radiation ring 221 may be made of a common material (such as FR4 material), which reduces the cost of the product, and when applied to an antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is no longer affected by the material of the radiation surface, but is only affected by the welding quality or the coupling strength of the radiation structure 200 and the balun structure 100, thereby ensuring the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first radiation arm 211 and the second radiation arm 212 form one polarization, the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214 form another polarization, and the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 are in open-circuit coupling with the radiation ring 221.

Optionally, the first radiating arm 211, the second radiating arm 212, the third radiating arm 213, and the fourth radiating arm 214 cooperate to form a ± 45 ° polarization.

In the conventional radiation unit, the radiation surface is directly connected with the balun structure 100, and after the balun structure 100 transmits a signal to the radiation surface, the radiation surface is emitted into a free space. This has two problems:

the first problem is that: the material of the radiation surface must adopt expensive high-frequency microwave board, so that the cost of the product is high.

The second problem is that: when the antenna adopts the radiation unit, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is not only influenced by the welding quality between the radiation structure 200 and the balun structure 100, but also influenced by the material of the radiation structure 200 (especially the radiation surface), so that the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna cannot be ensured.

For this reason, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the radiation ring 221 (radiation surface) is not welded to the balun structure 100, but the radiation arms (i.e., the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214) are electrically connected or coupled to the balun structure 100, and the radiation arms acquire signals (which may be high-frequency signals) from the balun structure 100, then couple the signals to the radiation ring 221, and then radiate toward the free space through the radiation ring 221, so that on one hand, the problem of high material cost is solved, and on the other hand, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is ensured and improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 are all located in the radiation ring 221.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the radiation ring 221 is annularly disposed on the outer periphery of the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214, so that the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 couple signals to the radiation ring 221 in close proximity, and then radiate from the radiation ring 221 into the surrounding free space.

Alternatively, the outer contour of the radiation ring 221 may be a circular ring or a polygonal ring, such as the outer contour of the radiation ring 221 in fig. 1 is a rectangle.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an inner edge of the radiation ring 221 is spaced apart from the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214, and does not contact with each other, and signals are transmitted by coupling, which is not described in detail.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the inner contour of the radiation ring 221 and the outer contour of the first polarization are separated to form a first separation region 222, the inner contour of the radiation ring 221 and the outer contour of the second polarization are separated to form a second separation region 223, the first separation region 222 extends along a first direction, the second separation region 223 extends along a second direction, and the second direction is staggered with the first direction.

Referring to fig. 1, the first polarization is located in the first spacer 222 and extends along the first direction, so that the first radiation arm 211 and the second radiation arm 212 are both spaced from the radiation ring 221;

referring to fig. 1, the second polarization is located in the second isolation region 223 and extends along the second direction, so that the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214 are both spaced apart from the radiation ring 221.

As shown in fig. 1, the first direction extends from the lower left to the upper right, the first radiating arm 211 is disposed at the upper right position, and the second radiating arm 212 is disposed at the lower left position; the second direction extends in a right-down to left-up direction, the third radiation arm 213 is provided at an upper left position, and the fourth radiation arm 214 is provided at a lower right position.

As shown in fig. 1, the first and second radiation arms 211 and 212 are disposed along a first direction, and both the first and second radiation arms 211 and 212 have a space from an inner edge of the radiation ring 221; the third and fourth radiation arms 213 and 214 are disposed along the second direction, and the third and fourth radiation arms 213 and 214 each have a space from the inner edge of the radiation ring 221.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the length of the first polarization (which can be understood as the length of the first radiation arm 211 plus the length of the second radiation arm 212) is 0.2-0.3 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the antenna; the width of the first polarization is 0.01-0.015 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.

Similarly, the length of the second polarization (which can be understood as the length of the third radiating arm 213 plus the length of the fourth radiating arm 214) is 0.2-0.3 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the antenna; the width of the second polarization is 0.01-0.015 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first polarization is substantially equal to (or substantially equal to) the inner edge of the radiation ring 221, and the width of the space (or gap) is 0.01-0.02 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the antenna.

Similarly, the second polarization is substantially equal to (or substantially equal to) the spacing between the inner edges of the radiating rings 221, and the width of the spacing (or gap) is 0.01-0.02 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the antenna.

Too large a space (or gap) reduces the energy coupling between the radiating arm and the radiating loop 221, resulting in a decrease in the gain of the antenna element, while too small a space (or gap) results in too strong a coupling between the radiating arm and the radiating loop 221, resulting in an antenna element impedance that is difficult to match, and a reduction in the operating bandwidth, and therefore it is important to set an appropriate spacing (or gap).

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the radiation structure 200 further includes a supporting plate 220, the supporting plate 220 is supported by the balun structure 100, and the radiation ring 221 is disposed on the supporting plate 220.

In one embodiment, the supporting board 220 is a first dielectric board supported by the balun structure 100, the radiation ring 221 is a metal layer disposed on the supporting board 220, and the first spacer 222 and the second spacer 223 are formed in the ring of the radiation ring 221.

The first polarization is a metal layer provided on the support plate 220 and the first polarization is located within the first spacer 222; the second polarization is a metal layer provided on the support plate 220 and the second polarization is located within the second spacer regions 223.

In this embodiment, the radiation ring 221, the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 are all metal layers disposed on the support plate 220.

It can be understood that:

the first dielectric plate may be a copper-clad plate, and the radiation ring 221, the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 are formed by etching on the first dielectric plate, which is not described again.

In another embodiment, the supporting plate 220 is a metal plate that is insulatively supported by the balun structure 100, the metal plate 220 is provided with a first through hole, the first through hole extends along the first direction, and the first polarization is located in the first through hole, so that the first spacer 222 is formed between a hole profile of the first through hole and an outer profile of the first polarization; the metal plate 220 is provided with a second through hole extending along the second direction, and the second polarization is located in the second through hole, so that the second isolation region 223 is formed between the hole profile of the second through hole and the outer profile of the second polarization; the first and second vias make the metal plate form the radiation ring 221, and the first and second polarizations are electrically connected to the balun structure 100.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the supporting plate 220 is a metal plate, and the metal plate is provided with first through holes and second through holes staggered in a cross manner, and a hole profile of the first through hole is adapted to an outer contour of the first polarization, and a hole profile of the second through hole is adapted to an outer contour of the second polarization; the first radiation arm 211 and the second radiation arm 212 are both arranged in the first through hole to form a first spacer 222 at intervals so that the first polarization and the radiation loop 221 are in an open-circuit coupling state; the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214 are disposed in the second through hole to form a second spacer 223 at intervals so that the second polarization and the radiation ring 221 are in an open-circuit coupling state.

It should be noted that:

in this state, the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214 may be supported by the balun structure 100, and the radiation ring 221 may be understood as a portion of the support plate 220, may be supported by another structure, or may be supported by the balun structure 100 in an insulating manner, which is not described again.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the balun structure 100 includes a second dielectric plate 130, a first feeding conductive line 111, a second feeding conductive line 121, a first grounding conductive line 112, and a second grounding conductive line 122, and the first feeding conductive line 111, the second feeding conductive line 121, the first grounding conductive line 112, and the second grounding conductive line 122 are all disposed on the second dielectric plate 130. Wherein:

one of the first and second radiating arms 211 and 212 is electrically connected to the first feeding conductive line 111, and the other of the first and second radiating arms 211 and 212 is electrically connected to the first grounding conductive line 112.

One of the third and fourth radiating arms 213 and 214 is electrically connected to the second feeding conductor 121, and the other of the third and fourth radiating arms 213 and 214 is electrically connected to the second ground conductor 122.

A first radiation arm 211 and a second radiation arm 212, one of which is electrically connected to the first feeding conductor 111 and the other of which is electrically connected to the first grounding conductor 112 to form a loop; similarly, the third radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 214 are electrically connected to the second feeding conductor 121, and the other is electrically connected to the second grounding conductor 122, so as to form another loop. So configured, feeding is achieved and signals are coupled to the radiation ring 221 through the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 214, and emitted into free space by the radiation ring 221.

In order to simplify the design, the feed network of the antenna is mainly based on a full PCB microstrip line, and a one-to-two or one-to-three power divider is connected with the radiation unit. In order to improve the degree of heteropolarization isolation of the subarrays and the degree of coupling between the subarrays, it is generally required to make the wiring of the power divider as loose as possible to reduce the coupling effect between the lines, and the line-to-line spacing is preferably three times the line width. However, the two balun plates of the radiating element occupy a lot of valuable space when placed at ± 45 °.

Therefore, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first feeding conductor 111, the second feeding conductor 121, the first ground conductor 112, and the second ground conductor 122 are all integrated on the second dielectric plate 130, which greatly reduces the occupied space of the radiating element and the cost of the product compared with the conventional structure that two plates are orthogonally matched.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the second dielectric board 130 has a front surface and a back surface opposite to each other, the first feeding conductive line 111 is located on the front surface of the second dielectric board 130, and the second feeding conductive line 121 is located on the back surface of the second dielectric board 130.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, which are views of the front and back surfaces of the second dielectric board 130, respectively, it can be seen from fig. 2 and 3 that the first feeding conductor 111 is disposed on the front surface of the second dielectric board 130, and the second feeding conductor 121 is disposed on the back surface of the second dielectric board 130. It can be understood that: the first and second feeding wires 111 and 121 are respectively disposed at opposite sides of the second dielectric plate 130 to improve the isolation between the first and second polarizations.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the first ground wire 112 is located on the opposite side of the second dielectric board 130, and the position of the first ground wire 112 corresponds to the position of the first feeding wire 111; the second ground wire 122 is located on the front surface of the second dielectric plate 130, and the second ground wire 122 corresponds to the second feeding wire 121.

As shown in fig. 2, the front surface of the second dielectric board 130 is provided with a first feeding wire 111 and a second grounding wire 122, the first feeding wire 111 is located on the left side, and the second grounding wire 122 is located on the right side; as shown in fig. 3, a second feeding wire 121 and a first grounding wire 112 are disposed on the opposite side of the second dielectric board 130, the second feeding wire 121 is located on the left side, and the first grounding wire 112 is located on the right side. As can be seen from the perspective of fig. 2 and 3, the position of the first feeding conductor 111 and the position of the first grounding conductor 112 correspond to each other on the front and back sides of the second dielectric plate 130, the position of the second feeding conductor 121 and the position of the second grounding conductor 122 correspond to each other on the front and back sides of the second dielectric plate 130, the first feeding conductor 111 and the second feeding conductor 121 are respectively located on the front and back sides of the second dielectric plate 130, and the first grounding conductor 112 and the second grounding conductor 122 are respectively located on the front and back sides of the second dielectric plate 130, so as to improve the isolation between the first polarization and the second polarization; meanwhile, due to the integrated arrangement, only one second dielectric plate 130 is needed, and two balun plates are not needed, so that the wiring space of the power divider is greatly expanded, and the whole wiring design of the antenna is facilitated.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the radiation structure 200 further includes an auxiliary feeding tab 215 and a bridging conductive line 216, and two ends of the bridging conductive line 216 are electrically connected to the first radiation arm 211 and the auxiliary feeding tab 215, respectively.

As shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary feeding tab 215 is provided with a first connection portion, the second radiating arm 212 is provided with a second connection portion, the first connection portion and the second connection portion respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the second dielectric board 130, one of the first connection portion and the second connection portion is electrically connected to the first feeding wire 111, and the other of the first connection portion and the second connection portion is electrically connected to the first grounding wire 112.

As can be seen from the perspective shown in fig. 1 and in conjunction with fig. 2 and 3, the first feeding wire 111, the first grounding wire 112, the second feeding wire 121, and the second grounding wire 122 are integrated on the second dielectric plate 130, and the first feeding wire 111 and the first grounding wire 112 are located at positions corresponding to and on opposite sides of the second dielectric plate 130, so that the connection portions of the first radiating arm 211 and the second radiating arm 212 should substantially correspond to the positions of the first feeding wire 111 and the first grounding wire 112.

In the view shown in fig. 1, the first radiating arm 211 is located at the upper right position, and the second radiating arm 212 is located at the lower left position, and in order to correspond to the positions of the first feed conductor 111 and the first ground conductor 112, it is necessary to extend the first radiating arm 211 to a position substantially corresponding to the upper position of the second radiating arm 212. However, if the first radiating arm 211 extends directly above the second radiating arm 212, it will cross the third radiating arm 213 for conduction, which is not allowed. Therefore, the auxiliary feeding tab 215 is specially disposed above the second radiating arm 212, the position of the auxiliary feeding tab 215 and the position of the second radiating arm 212 can just correspond to the first feeding conductor 111 and the first ground conductor 112, and the requirement in each aspect can be met by connecting the auxiliary feeding tab 215 and the first radiating arm 211 through the bridging conductor 216, which is not described again.

It should be noted that:

since the first radiation arm 211 and the third radiation arm 213 cannot be conducted, the bridge wire 216 cannot be conducted with the third radiation arm 213.

In one embodiment, the supporting board 220 is a first dielectric board, the supporting board 220 has opposite front and back surfaces, the first radiating arm 211, the second radiating arm 212, the third radiating arm 213, the fourth radiating arm 214 and the auxiliary feeding piece 215 are all metal layers disposed on the front surface of the supporting board 220, a first metal hole is disposed on a side of the first radiating arm 211 facing the second radiating arm 212, a second metal hole is disposed on the auxiliary feeding piece 215, and the bridging wire 216 is disposed on the back surface of the supporting board 220 and connects the first radiating arm 211 and the auxiliary feeding piece 215 through the first metal hole and the second metal hole.

Of course, if the supporting plate 220 is a metal plate, the bridging wires 216 may be disposed according to a spatial condition, so as to ensure that none of the bridging wires 216, the first radiation arms 211, and the auxiliary feeding sheet 215 is conducted with the third radiation arms 213, which is not described in detail.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the supporting plate 220 is provided with a first slot 224, the second dielectric board 130 is provided with a first boss 131, and the supporting plate 220 is inserted on the first boss 131 through the first slot 224.

The supporting plate 220 is inserted into the second dielectric plate 130 through the first slot 224, so that the radiation structure 200 and the balun structure 100 are connected as a whole.

Alternatively, the first slot 224 may be a blind slot or a through slot.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot 224.

As shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary feeding tab 215 is located on the upper side of the first slot 224, and the first connecting portion is located on the upper side of the first slot 224; and the second radiation arm 212 is located at the lower side of the first slot 224, the second connection portion is located at the lower side of the first slot 224; as can be seen from fig. 2 and fig. 3, the auxiliary feeding tab 215 is electrically connected to the first ground wire 112 through the first connection portion, such as being welded, so as to communicate the first radiation arm 211 with the first ground wire 112, and the second radiation arm 212 is electrically connected to the first feeding wire 111 through the second connection portion, such as being welded, which is not described again.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the third radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 214 respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot 224.

In one embodiment, a third connection portion is disposed on a position of the third radiating arm 213 facing the fourth radiating arm 214, a fourth connection portion is disposed on a position of the fourth radiating arm 214 facing the third radiating arm 213, and the third connection portion and the fourth connection portion are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the first slot 224 so as to be adapted to the second feeding wire 121 and the second ground wire 122.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 1 to 3, the third radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 214 are respectively located above and below the first slot 224, the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion are respectively located above and below the first slot 224, the third radiating arm 213 is electrically connected to the second feeding wire 121 through the third connecting portion, for example, by soldering, and the fourth radiating arm 214 is electrically connected to the second ground wire 122 through the fourth connecting portion, for example, by soldering.

Another embodiment provides an antenna comprising a radiating element as described in any of the above embodiments.

The antenna adopts the radiation unit, because the balun structure 100 is not in contact with the radiation ring 221, the signal of the radiation ring 221 is coupled by the first radiation arm 211, the second radiation arm 212, the third radiation arm 213 and the fourth radiation arm 214, and the signal is emitted towards the free space through the radiation ring 221, that is, the radiation surface is on the radiation ring 221, therefore, compared with the traditional mode that the balun structure 100 is directly connected with the radiation surface and emits the signal, the radiation ring 221 can be made of common materials, the cost of the product is reduced, and when the antenna is applied to the antenna, the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is not influenced by the materials of the radiation surface, but only by the welding quality of the radiation structure 200 and the balun structure 100, so the third-order intermodulation index of the antenna is ensured.

In one embodiment, the antenna further includes a bottom plate and a power division plate, the power division plate is disposed on the bottom plate, the power division plate is provided with a power division network, the number of the radiation units is at least two, the radiation units are disposed on the power division plate and electrically connected to the power division network, and the radiation units are arranged in an array.

Optionally, the balun structure 100 is perpendicular to the sub-array direction of the radiation unit, so that the occupied space of the balun structure 100 for the power divider is greatly reduced.

The simulation results show that the radiation unit has good matching at 3.4-3.8GHz, and the isolation of the first polarization and the second polarization is equivalent to that of the traditional radiation unit.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A radiating element, comprising:

a balun structure;

a radiation structure, which includes a first radiation arm, a second radiation arm, a third radiation arm, a fourth radiation arm, and a radiation ring, wherein the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm cooperate to form a first polarization, the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm cooperate to form a second polarization, the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm, and the fourth radiation arm are respectively connected to the balun structure, the radiation ring is disposed at a distance from the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm, and the fourth radiation arm, and the radiation ring is coupled to the first radiation arm, the second radiation arm, the third radiation arm, and the fourth radiation arm;

the balun structure comprises a second dielectric plate, a first feed lead, a second feed lead, a first grounding lead and a second grounding lead, wherein the first feed lead, the second feed lead, the first grounding lead and the second grounding lead are all arranged on the second dielectric plate;

the second dielectric plate is provided with a front surface and a back surface which are opposite to each other, the first feed lead is positioned on the front surface of the second dielectric plate, and the second feed lead is positioned on the back surface of the second dielectric plate; the first grounding lead is positioned on the reverse side of the second dielectric plate, and the position of the first grounding lead corresponds to the position of the first feed lead; the second grounding lead is positioned on the front surface of the second dielectric plate, and the second grounding lead corresponds to the second feed lead in position.

2. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm are all located within the radiating loop.

3. The radiating element of claim 2, wherein the inner contour of the radiating loop is spaced from the outer contour of the first polarization to form a first spaced region, and the inner contour of the radiating loop is spaced from the outer contour of the second polarization to form a second spaced region, the first spaced region extending along a first direction, the second spaced region extending along a second direction, the second direction being staggered with respect to the first direction;

the first polarization is positioned in the first spacer region and extends along the first direction, so that the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm are both arranged at intervals with the radiation ring;

the second polarization is located in the second interval region and extends along the second direction, so that the third radiation arm and the fourth radiation arm are both arranged at intervals with the radiation ring.

4. The radiating element of claim 3, wherein the radiating structure further comprises a support plate supported by the balun structure, the radiating ring being provided on the support plate.

5. The radiating element of claim 4, wherein the support plate is a first dielectric plate supported by the balun structure, the radiating ring is a metal layer provided on the support plate, and the first and second spacing regions are formed in the ring of the radiating ring;

the first polarization is a metal layer arranged on the support plate and is positioned in the first interval area; the second polarization is a metal layer disposed on the support plate and the second polarization is located within the second spacer region.

6. The radiating element according to claim 4, wherein the support plate is a metal plate insulatively supported by the balun structure, the metal plate is provided with a first through hole extending along the first direction, and the first polarization is located in the first through hole, so that the first space is formed between a hole profile of the first through hole and an outer profile of the first polarization; the metal plate is provided with a second through hole, the second through hole extends along the second direction, and the second polarization is positioned in the second through hole, so that a second interval area is formed between the hole outline of the second through hole and the outline of the second polarization; the first and second vias cause the metal plate to form the radiating ring, the first and second polarizations being electrically connected to the balun structure.

7. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the length of the first polarization is 0.2-0.3 times the wavelength corresponding to the operating center frequency of the antenna; the width of the first polarization is 0.01-0.015 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna;

the length of the second polarization is 0.2-0.3 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna; the width of the second polarization is 0.01-0.015 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working center frequency of the antenna.

8. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the first radiating arm, the second radiating arm, the third radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm cooperate to form a ± 45 ° polarization.

9. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein one of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is electrically connected or coupled to the first feed conductor, and the other of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm is electrically connected or coupled to the first ground conductor; one of the third and fourth radiating arms is electrically connected or coupled to the second feeding conductor, and the other of the third and fourth radiating arms is electrically connected or coupled to the second grounding conductor.

10. The radiating element of claim 1, wherein the radiating structure further comprises an auxiliary feeding tab and a bridging wire, and two ends of the bridging wire are electrically connected to the first radiating arm and the auxiliary feeding tab respectively;

the auxiliary feed piece is provided with a first connecting portion, the second radiation arm is provided with a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion correspond to two opposite sides of the second dielectric slab respectively, one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is electrically connected with the first feed lead, and the other of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is electrically connected with the first grounding lead.

11. The radiating element of claim 10, wherein the radiating structure further comprises a support plate supported by the balun structure, the radiating ring being provided on the support plate;

the support plate is provided with a first slot, the second medium plate is provided with a first boss, and the support plate is inserted on the first boss through the first slot;

the first connecting part and the second connecting part respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot; the third radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm respectively correspond to two opposite sides of the first slot.

12. An antenna, characterized in that it comprises a radiating element according to any of claims 1-11.

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