CN210182574U

CN210182574U - Dual-polarization millimeter wave antenna unit, antenna system and mobile terminal

Info

Publication number: CN210182574U
Application number: CN201921159671.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: Shengjie Wu; 吴胜杰; Anping Zhao; 赵安平
Original assignee: Shenzhen Sunway Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Sunway Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-23
Filing date: 2019-07-23
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double polarization millimeter wave antenna unit, antenna system and mobile terminal, double polarization millimeter wave antenna unit includes the main part, first feed minor matters, second feed minor matters and irradiator, the top surface of main part is located to the irradiator, on the first side of main part is located to first feed minor matters, second feed minor matters is located on the second side of main part, first feed minor matters and second feed minor matters communicate the bottom surface of main part respectively, first side sets up with the second side is perpendicular, the bottom surface of main part is equipped with the weld zone. The dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit provided by the utility model has the advantages of wide frequency band, dual polarization and low side lobe, and is particularly suitable for 5G communication; the antenna unit can be surface-mounted on the circuit board through a surface-mounting process, the application range is wide, the assembly is convenient, the production efficiency of an antenna system is improved, the requirement of independently testing the initial amplitude phase of a circuit can be met, and the performance debugging difficulty of the antenna system is reduced.

Description

Dual-polarization millimeter wave antenna unit, antenna system and mobile terminal

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, especially, relate to dual polarization millimeter wave antenna element, antenna system and mobile terminal.

Background

The millimeter wave band is used as a part of the communication band of the 5G communication system because of its abundant spectrum resources. Millimeter wave antennas, as indispensable components of communication systems, face many design difficulties in terminal applications. The attenuation is large when the millimeter waves are transmitted, so that the antenna needs to adopt an array form to improve the gain of the antenna; meanwhile, in order to improve the throughput of the communication system, it is also proposed to use a dual-polarized antenna on the handheld device. In addition, in order to implement beam scanning of the antenna array, the back end of the antenna array usually needs to integrate a chip capable of controlling the amplitude and phase of each antenna branch. In order to obtain good beam scanning performance, the initial amplitude and phase of the feed end of each antenna unit need to be known, and then the amplitude distribution and phase difference of each path are controlled by a chip to realize beam scanning. A method for easily obtaining the initial amplitude and phase is to separate the antenna from the back-end circuit, and connect the antenna with the circuit after the initial amplitude and phase of the circuit are tested.

Chinese patent applications publication nos. CN109786959A and CN105932409A disclose a broadband millimeter wave antenna, but they cannot realize dual polarization.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve is: a broadband dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit, an antenna system and a mobile terminal suitable for 5G communication are provided.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme one is: the dual-polarization millimeter wave antenna unit comprises a main body, a first feed branch, a second feed branch and a radiating body, wherein the radiating body is arranged on the top surface of the main body, the first feed branch is arranged on a first side surface of the main body, the second feed branch is arranged on a second side surface of the main body, the first feed branch and the second feed branch are respectively communicated with the bottom surface of the main body, the first side surface and the second side surface are perpendicularly arranged, and a welding area is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body.

Further, the main body is a ceramic body in a rectangular shape.

Furthermore, a first patch and a second patch are arranged in the welding area, the first patch is L-shaped, and the first patch and the second patch are located on a group of oblique opposite angles of the bottom surface of the main body.

Furthermore, the bottom surface of the main body is also provided with a third patch conducted with the first feed branch and a fourth patch conducted with the second feed branch.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme two be: the antenna system comprises a circuit board and the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit, wherein a ground layer is arranged on the bottom surface of the circuit board, and at least one dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit is welded on the top surface of the circuit board.

Furthermore, a first bonding pad, a first feed port and a second feed port are arranged on the circuit board, and the first bonding pad is arranged corresponding to the welding area and is conducted with the grounding layer; the first feed port is electrically connected with the first feed branch, the second feed port is electrically connected with the second feed branch, the ground layer is provided with a first isolation region and a second isolation region, one end of the first feed port is located in the first isolation region, and one end of the second feed port is located in the second isolation region.

Furthermore, a plurality of circuits and a dual-polarized amplitude phase control chip are arranged on the circuit board, and the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are electrically connected with the dual-polarized amplitude phase control chip through the circuits respectively.

Furthermore, a plurality of circuits and two single-polarization amplitude phase control chips are arranged on the circuit board, the first feed branch is electrically connected with one single-polarization amplitude phase control chip through the circuits, and the second feed branch is electrically connected with the other single-polarization amplitude phase control chip through the circuits.

Further, the phases of the lines are the same.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme three be: the mobile terminal comprises the antenna system.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: the antenna unit has the advantages of wide frequency band, dual polarization and low side lobe, and is particularly suitable for 5G communication; the antenna unit can be surface-mounted on the circuit board through a surface-mounting process, the application range is wide, the assembly is convenient, the production efficiency of an antenna system is improved, the requirement of independently testing the initial amplitude phase of a circuit can be met, and the performance debugging difficulty of the antenna system is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an overall structure of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection relationship of an antenna system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an S parameter diagram of an antenna unit in an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross polarization pattern of the antenna unit at 25GHz (when the first feeding port feeds) in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross polarization pattern of the antenna unit at 25GHz (when fed by the second feed port) in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross polarization pattern of the antenna unit at 28GHz (when the first feed port feeds) in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 shows a cross polarization pattern of the antenna unit at 28GHz (when fed by the second feed port) in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a 3D radiation pattern of the antenna array at 25GHz in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention (when all the antenna elements are fed by the first feeding ports);

fig. 11 is a 3D radiation pattern of the antenna array at 25GHz in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention (when all the antenna elements are fed by the second feeding ports);

fig. 12 is a 3D radiation pattern of the antenna array at 28GHz in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention (when all the antenna elements are fed by the first feeding ports);

fig. 13 is a 3D radiation pattern of the antenna array at 28GHz in the antenna system according to the embodiment of the present invention (when all the antenna elements are fed by the second feeding ports);

fig. 14 is a 0-degree polarization pattern with a scan angle of 0-50 ° along Theta direction in the xoz plane at 25GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a 90-degree polarization pattern with a scan angle of 0-50 ° along Theta direction in the xoz plane at 25GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a 0-degree polarization pattern with a scan angle of 0-50 ° along Theta direction in the xoz plane at 28GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a 90-degree polarization pattern with a scan angle of 0-50 ° along Theta direction in the xoz plane at 28GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection relationship of an antenna system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a circuit board; 2. a ground plane; 3. a dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit; 4. a main body; 5. a first feed stub; 6. a second feed branch; 7. a radiator; 8. a first patch; 9. a second patch; 10. a first pad; 11. a third patch; 12. a fourth patch; 13. a third pad; 14. a fourth pad;

15. a first feed port; 16. a second feed port; 17. a first isolation region; 18. a second isolation region; 19. a line; 20. a dual-polarized amplitude phase control chip; 21. single polarization amplitude phase control chip.

Detailed Description

In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 18, the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit includes a main body 4, a first feeding branch 5, a second feeding branch 6 and a radiator 7, the radiator 7 is disposed on a top surface of the main body 4, the first feeding branch 5 is disposed on a first side surface of the main body 4, the second feeding branch 6 is disposed on a second side surface of the main body 4, the first feeding branch 5 and the second feeding branch 6 are respectively communicated with a bottom surface of the main body 4, the first side surface and the second side surface are disposed perpendicularly, and a welding region is disposed on the bottom surface of the main body 4.

The structure/working principle of the utility model is as follows: the two mutually perpendicular side surfaces are respectively provided with a first feed branch 5 and a second feed branch 6, and the first feed branch and the second feed branch are coupled with an excitation radiator 7 to realize a broadband; an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch, so that the currents on the radiating bodies 7 are mutually vertical during feeding, and further dual polarization is realized.

From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the antenna unit has the advantages of wide frequency band, dual polarization and low side lobe, and is particularly suitable for 5G communication; the antenna unit can be surface-mounted on the circuit board 1 through a surface-mounting process, the application range is wide, the assembly is convenient, the production efficiency of an antenna system is improved, the requirement of independently testing the initial amplitude phase of a circuit can be met, and the performance debugging difficulty of the antenna system is reduced.

Further, the main body 4 is a ceramic body having a rectangular shape.

As can be seen from the above description, the first and second side surfaces are a set of two adjacent side surfaces of the ceramic body.

Further, a first patch 8 and a second patch 9 are arranged in the welding area, the first patch 8 is L-shaped, and the first patch 8 and the second patch 9 are located on a group of oblique corners of the bottom surface of the main body 4.

As apparent from the above description, the main body 4 can be stably connected to an external member (e.g., the wiring board 1), thereby improving the structural stability of the antenna system.

Further, a third patch 11 conducted with the first feeding branch 5 and a fourth patch 12 conducted with the second feeding branch 6 are further disposed on the bottom surface of the main body 4.

As can be seen from the above description, the third and fourth patches are provided to make the antenna element feed more stable.

The antenna system comprises a circuit board 1 and the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3, wherein a grounding layer 2 is arranged on the bottom surface of the circuit board 1, and at least one dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3 is welded on the top surface of the circuit board 1.

As is clear from the above description, the antenna system has at least the full advantageous effects of the above-mentioned dual-polarized millimeter-wave antenna element 3.

Further, a first bonding pad 10, a first feeding port 15 and a second feeding port 16 are arranged on the circuit board, and the first bonding pad 10 is arranged corresponding to the bonding area and is conducted with the ground layer 2; the first feed port 15 is electrically connected to the first feed branch 5, the second feed port 16 is electrically connected to the second feed branch 6, the ground plane 2 is provided with a first isolation region 17 and a second isolation region 18, one end of the first feed port 15 is located in the first isolation region 17, and one end of the second feed port 16 is located in the second isolation region 18.

As can be seen from the above description, the first and second isolation regions are arranged to prevent the occurrence of short circuit.

Further, the phases of the lines are the same.

The mobile terminal comprises the antenna system.

As can be seen from the above description, the mobile terminal has at least all the benefits of the above antenna system.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, a first embodiment of the present invention is: a mobile terminal includes an antenna system. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna system includes a circuit board 1, a ground plane 2 is disposed on a bottom surface of the circuit board 1, and at least one dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3 is welded on a top surface of the circuit board 1.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3 includes a main body 4, a first feeding branch 5, a second feeding branch 6, and a radiating body 7, the radiating body 7 is disposed on a top surface of the main body 4, the first feeding branch 5 is disposed on a first side surface of the main body 4, the second feeding branch 6 is disposed on a second side surface of the main body 4, the first feeding branch 5 and the second feeding branch 6 are respectively communicated with a bottom surface of the main body 4, the first side surface and the second side surface are disposed perpendicularly, and a welding region is disposed on the bottom surface of the main body 4. Optionally, the main body 4 is a ceramic body in a rectangular shape.

The first feed branch 5 is I-shaped or T-shaped, and the second feed branch 6 is I-shaped or T-shaped. In order to reduce the height of the main body 4 and reduce the volume of the antenna unit, in this embodiment, the first feeding branch 5 and the second feeding branch 6 are respectively T-shaped. The radiator 7 is a metal patch, and the radiator 7 is circular or regular polygonal. The resonant frequency of the antenna is determined by the size of the metal patch (radiator 7), the larger the area the smaller the resonant frequency and vice versa. The size of the T-shaped feed branch determines the matching of the antenna, and the good impedance matching of the antenna can be realized by controlling the height of the vertical branch and the length of the horizontal branch.

As shown in fig. 3, a first patch 8 and a second patch 9 are disposed in the welding area, the first patch 8 is L-shaped, and the first patch 8 and the second patch 9 are disposed on a set of diagonal corners of the bottom surface of the main body 4. The top surface of the circuit board 1 is provided with a first bonding pad 10, and the first bonding pad 10 is arranged corresponding to the bonding area and is conducted with the grounding layer 2. In detail, the first pad 10 includes an L-shaped portion corresponding to the first patch 8 and a rectangular portion corresponding to the second patch 9, and the L-shaped portion and/or the rectangular portion are respectively provided with a first metallization hole in conduction with the ground layer 2.

In order to improve the connection and conduction stability of the antenna system, the bottom surface of the main body 4 is further provided with a third patch 11 conducted with the first feeding branch 5 and a fourth patch 12 conducted with the second feeding branch 6. Preferably, the top surface of the circuit board 1 is further provided with a third pad 13 and a fourth pad 14, the third pad 13 is welded to the third patch 11, and the fourth pad 14 is welded to the fourth patch 12. In this embodiment, the third patch 11 and the fourth patch 12 are respectively semicircular, and the third pad 13 and the fourth pad 14 are respectively circular.

With reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, a first feeding port 15 and a second feeding port 16 are further disposed on the circuit board 1, the first feeding port 15 is electrically connected to the first feeding branch 5, the second feeding port 16 is electrically connected to the second feeding branch 6, a first isolation region 17 and a second isolation region 18 are disposed on the ground layer 2, one end of the first feeding port 15 is located in the first isolation region 17, and one end of the second feeding port 16 is located in the second isolation region 18. In this embodiment, the first feeding port 15 and the second feeding port 16 are respectively second metalized holes disposed on the circuit board 1. Therefore, the cooperation of the third patch 11 and the third pad 13 can make the first feeding branch 5 stably feed, and the cooperation of the fourth patch 12 and the fourth pad 14 can make the second feeding branch 6 stably feed.

The dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3 can measure the initial phase and amplitude of each feed port on the circuit board 1 by an instrument before surface mounting, simultaneously can independently test the performance of each antenna unit, and after the performance is confirmed to be correct, the antenna units are surface mounted on the corresponding bonding pads of the PCB, thereby effectively reducing the debugging difficulty of the antenna system.

As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a plurality of lines 19 and a dual-polarized amplitude and phase control chip 20 are disposed on the circuit board 1, and the first feeding branch 5 and the second feeding branch 6 are electrically connected to the dual-polarized amplitude and phase control chip 20 through the lines 19, respectively. The dual-polarization amplitude phase control chip 20 integrates elements such as a power divider, a low noise amplifier, a power amplifier, a radio frequency switch and the like, and can realize the control switching of a receiving path and a transmitting path.

As shown in fig. 1, when the number of dual-polarized millimeter-wave antenna elements 3 on circuit board 1 is plural, plural dual-polarized millimeter-wave antenna elements 3 may be arrayed in at least one row. Therefore, the linear distance from each dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit 3 to the dual-polarized amplitude-phase control chip 20 may be different, and in this embodiment, the phases of the lines 19 are equal by providing the bent portions on the lines 19. In other embodiments, the line 19 may also be in a straight line form, and finally, the amplitude and the phase of each branch of the chip are configured, so that the antenna array realizes beam forming and beam scanning.

In this embodiment, four dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna units 3 arranged in a row are disposed on the circuit board 1.

Defining the polarization obtained when the first feed port 15 feeds power as 90-degree polarization, the polarization obtained when the second feed port 16 feeds power as 0-degree polarization, and simultaneously exciting the four first feed ports 15 to obtain 90-degree polarization directional diagrams of the antenna system, and similarly, simultaneously exciting the four second feed ports 16 to obtain 0-degree polarization directional diagrams of the antenna system.

FIG. 5 shows S parameters of an antenna unit in an antenna system, S11 and S22 in FIG. 5 show return loss of two feeding ports of the antenna unit, and the remaining curves (S21, S32, S31, S41 and S42) show isolation between the antenna unit and the feeding ports of adjacent antenna units, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the return loss of the antenna unit between 24.75GHz and 28.35GHz is better than-10 dB, and the antenna unit meets the requirements of China 5G millimeter wave planning frequency band (24.75GHz to 27.5GHz) and US 5G millimeter wave 28GHz (27.5GHz to 28.35GHz), and the isolation of each port between the antenna unit and the adjacent antenna unit in the whole bandwidth is better than-13 dB.

Fig. 6 and 7 are cross-polarization patterns of two polarizations at 25GHz of the antenna element in the antenna system, respectively, fig. 8 and 9 are cross-polarization patterns of two polarizations at 28GHz of the antenna element in the antenna system, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 6 to 9 that the polarization isolation is better than 15dB in the main radiation direction (Theta 0 °).

Fig. 10 and 11 are 3D radiation patterns of two polarizations of the antenna system at 25GHz, respectively, fig. 12 and 13 are 3D radiation patterns of two polarizations of the antenna system at 28GHz, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 10 to 13 that the radiation direction of the antenna is directly above the antenna. In a 5G millimeter wave antenna array, beam scanning is a very important function. Fig. 14, 15, 16 and 17 show the directivity patterns of the antenna system with 0 ° and 90 ° polarizations scanned at 0 ° to 50 ° in Theta (-90 ° to 90 °) directions in 25GHz and 28GHz, XOZ planes, respectively. The figure shows that the antenna system still has good side lobe ratio and gain at a high scanning angle, and the antenna system can well realize the beam scanning function.

Example two

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 5 to 18, another technical solution provided for an antenna system including an antenna array and an amplitude phase control chip according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the present embodiment employs a single-polarized amplitude-phase control chip 21. Specifically, referring to fig. 18, a plurality of lines 19 and two single-polarized amplitude and phase control chips 21 are disposed on the circuit board 1, the first feeding branch 5 is electrically connected to one single-polarized amplitude and phase control chip 21 through the line 19, and the second feeding branch 6 is electrically connected to the other single-polarized amplitude and phase control chip 21 through the line 19. The unipolar amplitude and phase control chip 21 is an existing chip, and is commercially available and can be directly purchased by manufacturers.

Optionally, the phase of each of the lines 19 is the same.

To sum up, the utility model provides a dual polarization millimeter wave antenna unit, antenna system and mobile terminal has the advantages of broadband, dual polarization, low side lobe, and is particularly suitable for 5G communication; the antenna unit can be surface-mounted on the circuit board through a surface-mounting process, the application range is wide, the assembly is convenient, the production efficiency of an antenna system is improved, the requirement of independently testing the initial amplitude phase of a circuit can be met, and the performance debugging difficulty of the antenna system is reduced.

The above mentioned is only the embodiment of the present invention, and not the limitation of the patent scope of the present invention, all the equivalent transformations made by the contents of the specification and the drawings, or the direct or indirect application in the related technical field, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Dual polarization millimeter wave antenna element, its characterized in that: the radiating body is arranged on the top surface of the main body, the first feed branch is arranged on a first side surface of the main body, the second feed branch is arranged on a second side surface of the main body, the first feed branch and the second feed branch are respectively communicated with the bottom surface of the main body, the first side surface and the second side surface are arranged perpendicularly, and a welding area is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body.

2. The dual polarized millimeter wave antenna unit of claim 1, wherein: the main body is a ceramic body in a rectangular shape.

3. The dual polarized millimeter wave antenna unit of claim 2, wherein: the welding area is internally provided with a first patch and a second patch, the first patch is L-shaped, and the first patch and the second patch are positioned on a group of oblique opposite angles on the bottom surface of the main body.

4. The dual polarized millimeter wave antenna unit of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the main body is also provided with a third patch conducted with the first feed branch and a fourth patch conducted with the second feed branch.

5. Antenna system, including the circuit board, its characterized in that: the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna unit of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a ground plane is disposed on a bottom surface of the circuit board, and at least one of the dual-polarized millimeter wave antenna units is soldered to a top surface of the circuit board.

6. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein: the circuit board is provided with a first bonding pad, a first feed port and a second feed port, and the first bonding pad is arranged corresponding to the welding area and is conducted with the grounding layer; the first feed port is electrically connected with the first feed branch, the second feed port is electrically connected with the second feed branch, the ground layer is provided with a first isolation region and a second isolation region, one end of the first feed port is located in the first isolation region, and one end of the second feed port is located in the second isolation region.

7. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein: the circuit board is provided with a plurality of circuits and a dual-polarization amplitude phase control chip, and the first feeding branch and the second feeding branch are electrically connected with the dual-polarization amplitude phase control chip through the circuits respectively.

8. The antenna system of claim 5, wherein: the circuit board is provided with a plurality of circuits and two single-polarization amplitude phase control chips, the first feed branch is electrically connected with one single-polarization amplitude phase control chip through the circuits, and the second feed branch is electrically connected with the other single-polarization amplitude phase control chip through the circuits.

9. The antenna system of claim 7 or 8, wherein: the phases of the respective lines are the same.

10. A mobile terminal, characterized in that: comprising an antenna system according to any of claims 5-9.