CN113036404B - Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment - Google Patents
Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113036404B CN113036404B CN202110170665.7A CN202110170665A CN113036404B CN 113036404 B CN113036404 B CN 113036404B CN 202110170665 A CN202110170665 A CN 202110170665A CN 113036404 B CN113036404 B CN 113036404B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, an antenna array and base station equipment, wherein the antenna element comprises a radiation plate and a bracket, and the radiation plate is arranged above the bracket; the radiation plate comprises a medium layer and a radiation layer arranged on the medium layer, a feed connection hole is formed in the radiation plate, a feed structure is arranged on the support, and the feed structure is connected with the radiation layer through the feed connection hole; the radiation layer comprises four radiators, a cross-shaped gap is arranged among the four radiators, and a corner cut is arranged at one corner of the four radiators, which is close to the center point of the cross-shaped gap, and the opposite corner of the corner cut is arranged at the corner; the antenna element has a height less than or equal to a wavelength length of ten third of its resonant frequency. The antenna element has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high gain, high isolation, high cross polarization ratio, high front-to-back ratio, low section, easiness in processing and assembling, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, an antenna array, and a base station device.
Background
With the large-scale application of 5G technology, the number of 5G base station antennas has been increasing in a explosive manner. The 5G base station antenna needs to cover more frequency bands and the corresponding bandwidth needs to be wide enough. Meanwhile, the 5G radio frequency module gradually develops towards miniaturization, and for antenna workers, the performances of the antenna and the whole radio frequency system, such as size, power consumption, practicability and the like, need to be considered while the antenna is designed. Therefore, the design of base station antennas is often focused on ultra-wideband, low profile, miniaturized attempts, while ensuring good radiation and impedance characteristics. Many studies have been made in the past by students and researchers on compact low profile, broadband, miniaturized antennas, and many ways of reducing the size of antennas, achieving low profile structures, increasing the impedance bandwidth of antennas, and achieving good performance for dual polarized radiation have been proposed. However, most of the current antennas have no means to achieve the combination of broadband, dual polarization, low profile, miniaturization, easy array and low cost, and the conventional PIFA antennas have low profile, but are difficult to realize dual polarization and array; the bandwidth of the PATCH antenna (PATCH antenna) is narrow; the conventional dipole has a high profile, even if Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) is used, the height can be reduced to 1/8 wavelength, and the whole vibrator has a large size, high cost, and is difficult to array, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, the antenna array and the base station equipment have the advantages of wide frequency band, low profile, easiness in array assembling and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna oscillator comprises a radiation plate and a bracket, wherein the radiation plate is arranged above the bracket; the radiation plate comprises a medium layer and a radiation layer arranged on the medium layer, a feed connection hole is formed in the radiation plate, a feed structure is arranged on the support, and the feed structure is connected with the radiation layer through the feed connection hole; the radiation layer comprises four radiators, a cross-shaped gap is arranged among the four radiators, and a corner cut is arranged at one corner of the four radiators, which is close to the center point of the cross-shaped gap, and the opposite corner of the corner cut is arranged at the corner; the antenna element has a height less than or equal to a wavelength length of ten third of its resonant frequency.
The invention also provides an antenna array, which comprises a bottom plate and at least one low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, wherein the antenna element is arranged on the bottom plate, a feed network is arranged on the bottom plate, and a feed structure in the antenna element is connected with the feed network.
The invention also provides base station equipment comprising the antenna array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by arranging the chamfer at the specific position, the isolation of the vibrator can be effectively improved, and impedance matching can be realized. The antenna element has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high gain, high isolation, high cross polarization ratio, high front-to-back ratio, low section, easiness in processing and assembling, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a radiation plate in an antenna element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket in an antenna element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the front and back surfaces of a first support plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the front and back surfaces of a second support plate according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an S-parameter simulation result of an antenna element according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a pattern simulation result of an antenna element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic side view of an antenna array according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a feeding network in an antenna array according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
100. an antenna element;
1. a radiation plate; 2. a bracket; 3. a feed structure; 4. a bottom plate; 5. a feed network;
11. a dielectric layer; 12. a radiation layer; 13. a feed connection hole;
121. a radiator; 122. cutting the corners; 123. windowing;
21. a first support plate; 22. a second support plate; 23. a boss;
31. a first feeder line; 32. a second feeder line; 33. a first feeding point; 34. a second feeding point; 35. a first feeding floor; 36. a second feeding floor; 37. a first slit; 38. and a second slit.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element includes a radiation plate and a bracket, wherein the radiation plate is disposed above the bracket; the radiation plate comprises a medium layer and a radiation layer arranged on the medium layer, a feed connection hole is formed in the radiation plate, a feed structure is arranged on the support, and the feed structure is connected with the radiation layer through the feed connection hole; the radiation layer comprises four radiators, a cross-shaped gap is arranged among the four radiators, and a corner cut is arranged at one corner of the four radiators, which is close to the center point of the cross-shaped gap, and the opposite corner of the corner cut is arranged at the corner; the antenna element has a height less than or equal to a wavelength length of ten third of its resonant frequency.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the frequency band is wide, the section is low, the weight is light, and the electrical performance indexes such as standing wave, isolation, gain, front-to-back ratio, cross polarization ratio and the like are excellent.
Further, windows are respectively arranged on the four radiators.
From the above description, it is known that the performance of the antenna element can be improved.
Further, the window is in a sector shape.
From the above description, it is clear that the uniformly varying shape is advantageous for expanding the bandwidth.
Further, the four radiators are rotationally symmetrical with respect to a center point of the cross-shaped slit.
From the above description, it is known that good dual polarization can be achieved.
Further, the bracket comprises a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate which are connected, and the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate form a cross-shaped structure; the feed structure comprises a first feed circuit, a second feed circuit, two first feed points, two second feed points, two first feed floors and two second feed floors; the first power supply circuit and the two first power supply points are arranged on one surface of the first support plate, the two first power supply floors are arranged on the other surface of the first support plate, and a first gap is arranged between the two first power supply floors; the second feed circuit and the two second feed points are arranged on one surface of the second support plate, the two second feed floors are arranged on the other surface of the second support plate, and a second gap is arranged between the two second feed floors.
From the above description, the isolation of the vibrator can be effectively improved by adjusting the size and the gap of the feeding floor.
Further, the first support plate and the second support plate are positioned below the four radiators; the first feed line and the second feed line are both gamma-shaped and distributed in an orthogonal manner.
From the above description, it can be seen that ultra-wideband impedance matching can be achieved through reasonable line optimization.
Further, the number of the feed connection holes is four, and the four feed connection holes are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the four radiators; two protruding parts matched with the feed connection holes are respectively arranged on the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate; the two first feeding points are respectively arranged on the two protruding parts of the first supporting plate, and the two first feeding floors respectively extend to the two protruding parts of the first supporting plate; the two second feeding points are respectively arranged on the two protruding parts of the second supporting plate, and the two second feeding floors respectively extend to the two protruding parts of the second supporting plate.
As is apparent from the above description, the four radiators are connected to the feeding point and the ground point extending from the feeding line therebelow through the four feeding connection holes, respectively, so that electromagnetic waves are conducted from the vertical feeding line to the radiators to radiate.
The invention also provides an antenna array, which comprises a bottom plate and at least one low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, wherein the antenna element is arranged on the bottom plate, a feed network is arranged on the bottom plate, and a feed structure in the antenna element is connected with the feed network.
Further, the wiring direction of the feed network is the same as the polarization direction of the antenna element.
From the above description, the isolation of the antenna element array can be effectively improved.
The invention also provides base station equipment comprising the antenna array.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-7, a first embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element can be applied to a 5G base station and is suitable for realizing a Massive MIMO technology and a beam forming technology.
As shown in fig. 1, the radiation device comprises a radiation plate 1 and a bracket 2, wherein the radiation plate 1 is arranged above the bracket 2; the radiation plate 1 comprises a dielectric layer 11 and a radiation layer 12 arranged on the dielectric layer 11, a feed connection hole 13 is formed in the radiation plate 1, a feed structure 3 is arranged on the support 2, and the feed structure 3 is connected with the radiation layer 12 through the feed connection hole 13. The radiation layer is an antenna radiation surface, and the dielectric layer can be a PCB dielectric plate.
As shown in fig. 2, the radiation layer includes four radiators 121, a cross-shaped slit is disposed between the four radiators 121, and a corner cut 122 is disposed at a corner of the four radiators 121 near the center point of the cross-shaped slit and a diagonal corner thereof. Through setting up the chamfer, can effectively promote oscillator isolation and can realize impedance matching.
Further, the four radiators 121 are respectively provided with a window 123. Preferably, the window 123 is fan-shaped, and the uniformly varying shape is advantageous for expanding the bandwidth. Further, different microstrip line structures can be added in the windowed, so that the performance of the antenna element is improved.
Further, the four radiators are rotationally symmetrical with respect to a center point of the cross-shaped slit, wherein a symmetrical rotation angle is 90.
As shown in fig. 3, the bracket includes a first support plate 21 and a second support plate 22 connected to each other, and the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22 are combined to form a cross-shaped structure. Wherein, first backup pad and second backup pad can adopt the PCB dielectric plate.
The feed structure includes a first feed line, a second feed line, two first feed points, two second feed points, two first feed floors, and two second feed floors. As shown in fig. 4, the first power feeding circuit 31 and the two first power feeding points 33 are disposed on one surface of the first support plate 21, the two first power feeding floors 35 are disposed on the other surface of the first support plate 21, and a first gap 37 is disposed between the two first power feeding floors 35. As shown in fig. 5, the second feeding line 32 and the two second feeding points 34 are disposed on one surface of the second support plate 22, the two second feeding floors 36 are disposed on the other surface of the second support plate 22, and a second gap 38 is disposed between the two second feeding floors 36.
That is, the front of backup pad is the feeder, and the back is the ground plate, and microstrip line is constituteed to the two, feeds the radiation layer, through reasonable circuit optimization, can realize the impedance matching of ultra wide band, through the size and the gap (i.e. first gap and second gap) of adjusting the feed floor, can effectively promote oscillator isolation.
Further, the first support plate and the second support plate are located below the four radiators. Preferably, the projection of the cross-shaped structure formed by the first support plate and the second support plate onto the radiation plate coincides with two diagonal lines of the radiation layer, i.e. is staggered by 45 ° with the cross-shaped gaps between the four radiators. The first feed line and the second feed line are both gamma-shaped and are orthogonally distributed at 90 degrees, but are staggered in space to avoid intersection.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the feeding connection holes 13 is four, and the four feeding connection holes 13 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the four radiators 121.
As shown in fig. 4-5, two protrusions 23 adapted to the feed connection holes are respectively provided on the first support plate 21 and the second support plate 22; the two first feeding points 33 are respectively disposed on the two protruding portions 23 of the first support plate 21, and the two first feeding floors 35 respectively extend to the two protruding portions 23 of the first support plate 21 and can be used as grounding points to be connected with a radiator; the two second feeding points 34 are respectively disposed on the two protruding portions 23 of the second support plate 22, and the two second feeding floors 36 respectively extend to the two protruding portions 23 of the second support plate 22 and can also be used as grounding points to be connected with the radiator.
That is, the four radiators are connected to the feeding point and the ground point extending from the orthogonal feeding line therebelow through the four feeding connection holes, respectively, so that electromagnetic waves are conducted from the vertical feeding line to the radiators to radiate.
In this embodiment, the antenna element is adjusted and simulated by taking the implementation of the 3.3-4.2GHz band as an example. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an S parameter simulation result of the antenna element according to the embodiment, where S11 and S22 are smaller than-15 dB in the 3.3-4.2GHz operating band, and S21 is smaller than-30 dB in the 3.3-4.2GHz operating band. Wherein S11 represents the return loss of the antenna element +45° polarization, S22 represents the return loss of the antenna element-45 ° polarization, and S21 represents the isolation.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the simulation result of the antenna element of the present embodiment, and it can be seen that the cross polarization axis is greater than 30dB, ±60° is greater than 11dB, and the front-to-back ratio is greater than 33dB.
The antenna element of the embodiment has the advantages of wide bandwidth, high gain, high isolation, high cross polarization ratio, high front-to-back ratio, low profile, easiness in processing and assembly and the like, and the total height of a single element is 7mm by taking the frequency of 3.3-4.2GHz as an example, and the height is only 1/13 wavelength of a low frequency point, namely the height of the antenna element of the embodiment is less than or equal to ten third wavelength of the resonant frequency of the antenna element.
According to the embodiment, through optimization of the radiation surface, the gamma feeding is combined, the size of the feeding floor is adjusted, and the impedance matching and high performance indexes of the broadband are realized.
Example two
Referring to fig. 8-10, the present embodiment is an antenna array, as shown in fig. 8, including a base plate 4 and the low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element 100 according to the first embodiment, where the antenna element 100 is disposed on the base plate 4. As shown in fig. 9, the antenna array includes at least one antenna element 100, a feeding network 5 is disposed on the base plate 4, and the feeding structures in each antenna element 100 are respectively connected to the feeding network 5. Specifically, the first feed line and the second feed line are respectively connected with different ports of the feed network, and the two first feed floors and the two second feed floors are respectively connected with the grounding layer on the bottom plate. The bottom plate in this embodiment is an antenna reflection metal bottom plate.
Because the height of the antenna element is less than 1/13 of the wavelength length of the resonant frequency, the coupling between the element and the feed network is serious, so that decoupling is facilitated by optimizing the wiring of the feed network.
Further, as shown in fig. 10, the feeding network structure in this embodiment is formed by connecting rectangular micro-strips with different widths, impedance matching of a circuit and effective feeding of an antenna can be completed by reasonably setting the widths of each section of micro-strip line, standing waves of the antenna are effectively improved, the height of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the isolation of the antenna can be effectively improved by reasonably adjusting the wiring position of the feeding network below the vibrator. Preferably, the feeding network has a routing direction identical to the polarization direction of the antenna element.
In summary, the low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, the antenna array and the base station device provided by the invention have the advantages that the antenna element has low frequency bandwidth, low profile and light weight, and the electrical performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, gain, front-to-back ratio, cross polarization ratio and the like are excellent, and the half-power beam widths of a vertical plane and a horizontal plane are very converged; meanwhile, the method is low in cost, easy to process and good in batch consistency.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes made by the specification and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in the relevant art, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna oscillator is characterized by comprising a radiation plate and a bracket, wherein the radiation plate is arranged above the bracket; the radiation plate comprises a medium layer and a radiation layer arranged on the medium layer, a feed connection hole is formed in the radiation plate, a feed structure is arranged on the support, and the feed structure is connected with the radiation layer through the feed connection hole; the radiating layer comprises four radiators, a cross-shaped gap is arranged among the four radiators, and corners of the four radiators, which are close to the center point of the cross-shaped gap, are provided with chamfer angles so as to improve isolation of vibrators and realize impedance matching; the antenna element has a height less than or equal to a wavelength length of ten third of its resonant frequency.
2. The low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the four radiators are each provided with a fenestration.
3. The low profile ultra wideband dual polarized antenna element of claim 2, wherein the fenestration is sector shaped.
4. The low profile ultra wideband dual polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the four radiators are rotationally symmetric about a center point of the cross slot.
5. The low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element of claim 1, wherein the bracket comprises a first support plate and a second support plate connected, the first support plate and the second support plate forming a cross-shaped structure; the feed structure comprises a first feed circuit, a second feed circuit, two first feed points, two second feed points, two first feed floors and two second feed floors; the first power supply circuit and the two first power supply points are arranged on one surface of the first support plate, the two first power supply floors are arranged on the other surface of the first support plate, and a first gap is arranged between the two first power supply floors; the second feed circuit and the two second feed points are arranged on one surface of the second support plate, the two second feed floors are arranged on the other surface of the second support plate, and a second gap is arranged between the two second feed floors.
6. The low profile ultra wideband dual polarized antenna element of claim 5, wherein the first support plate and second support plate are located below the four radiators; the first feed line and the second feed line are both gamma-shaped and distributed in an orthogonal manner.
7. The low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element of claim 5, wherein the number of feed connection holes is four, and the four feed connection holes are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the four radiators; two protruding parts matched with the feed connection holes are respectively arranged on the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate; the two first feeding points are respectively arranged on the two protruding parts of the first supporting plate, and the two first feeding floors respectively extend to the two protruding parts of the first supporting plate; the two second feeding points are respectively arranged on the two protruding parts of the second supporting plate, and the two second feeding floors respectively extend to the two protruding parts of the second supporting plate.
8. An antenna array, characterized by comprising a base plate and at least one low profile ultra wideband dual polarized antenna element according to any of claims 1-7, said antenna element being arranged on said base plate, a feed network being arranged on said base plate, a feed structure in said antenna element being connected to said feed network.
9. The antenna array of claim 8, wherein a routing direction of the feed network is the same as a polarization direction of the antenna element.
10. A base station device comprising an antenna array according to claim 8 or 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110170665.7A CN113036404B (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110170665.7A CN113036404B (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Low-profile ultra-wideband dual-polarized antenna element, antenna array and base station equipment |
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| CN113036404A CN113036404A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
| CN113036404B true CN113036404B (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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| CN113437506B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2022-12-09 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Patch radiating element and array antenna |
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