A kind of low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit
[technical field]
The utility model relates to communication antenna technical field more particularly to a kind of low section, miniaturization, high-isolation it is double
Polarized patch antenna unit.
[background technique]
The array technique of Massive MIMO (extensive multiple-input and multiple-output) is widely used in 5G mobile communication antenna, this is wanted
It asks Antenna Design to comply with the following principles: 1, minimizing, low section is easy of integration;Reduce the caliber size of aerial array, reduction is cutd open
Face is combined together with active beam forming network, is related to the volume size and distribution space and each system mould of whole system
The compatible problem of block.2, high-isolation, low-cross coupling influence;Inside mimo system, the mutual coupling between antenna element is not only
The isolation that channel can only be reduced, can also reduce the communication efficiency of whole system.However current base station antenna unit is adopted extensively
With the technical solution of symmetrical dipole, height and area are directly proportional to wavelength, and section is high, and volume is big, and inter-element mutual coupling is strong, leads
Isolation is caused to be difficult to improve, directional diagram generates distortion, has seriously affected the overall performance of aerial array;In addition, symmetrical dipole
Installation is complicated, and consistency is bad, is difficult to integrate with active system module, it is difficult to meet the requirement of Massive mimo system.
Therefore, it is good and be easy to tune to be badly in need of a kind of miniaturization, low section, high-isolation, high integration, consistency in the industry
Dual polarized antenna unit.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of dual polarization of low section, miniaturization, high-isolation patches
Chip antenna unit, including substrate, a face of substrate are equipped at least one layer of Supporting Media, further comprise above-mentioned any one institute
The function stated divides feeding network, and substrate divides feeding network in the face setting function far from Supporting Media;
Every layer of Supporting Media is far from being designed with radiation patch on the face of substrate;
Further include conductive feed column, for penetrating substrate and Supporting Media respectively, connects radiation patch and feeding network.
Further, the height of the Supporting Media is 0.002-0.1 operation wavelength.
Further, the dielectric constant of the Supporting Media is 1.0-16.0.
Further, the function is divided to feeding network to include the two groups of power splitters and two groups of connection function point for keeping a fixed spacing
Two ends of the input terminal of device, power splitter are separately connected output end;
The function divides in feeding network after the output end line of the power splitter end of same group, two companies of difference group output ends
The angle of line is 90 degree.
Further, the function is divided to the amplitude difference in feeding network with input terminal to two output ends of group to be less than
0.5dB, 160~200 degree of phase difference.
Further, the function divides feeding network to include microstrip line, co-planar waveguide.
Further, the substrate close to Supporting Media face be equipped with soldering-tin layer and the first pad, the soldering-tin layer with
It is the insulation set of isolation between first pad;
The Supporting Media close to the face of substrate equipped with the first metal and the second pad, the first metal and the second pad
Respectively with soldering-tin layer and the first pad is Chong Die welds together.
Further, for the upright projection of the radiation patch on substrate, projected area covers power splitter and output end.
Further, the shape of the radiation patch includes polygon or circle.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
The utility model passes through the dielectric constant and height that each layer Supporting Media is rationally arranged, and can greatly reduce unit
Size and height realize miniaturization, and low section effectively reduces the mutual coupling in array between unit, improves isolation, change radiation
The wave of directional diagram is wide, gain, the characteristics such as cross polarization.
The radiating element and feeding network of the utility model are by SMT welding procedure integral forming, and integrated level is high, unanimously
Good, the high reliablity of property.
Every group of power division network of the utility model feeds the feed of radiation patch using constant amplitude reverse phase, then by reasonable
The position of output end and feeder pillar is set, the higher mode in patch can be eliminated, so that the mutual interference in unit is effectively suppressed, mentions
The cross polarization and symmetry of high port isolation and directional diagram.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 be low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit decomposition diagram;
Fig. 2 be low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram at another visual angle of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the A-A schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 be low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit standing wave curve graph;
Fig. 6 be low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit isolation curve graph;
Fig. 7 be low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch antenna unit antenna pattern.
It is identified in figure: 1- substrate;2- soldering-tin layer;The first pad of 3-;4- conductive feed column;The first Supporting Media of 5a-;5b-
Second Supporting Media;The first radiation patch of 6a-;The second radiation patch of 6b-;7- function divides feeding network;The first power splitter of 71-;72-
Second power splitter;The first output end of 701-;702- third output end;703- first input end;The second input terminal of 704-;705-
Second output terminal;The 4th output end of 706-;707- the first function branch section;708- the second function branch section.
[specific embodiment]
In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation
Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain
The utility model does not limit the utility model.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that term " length ", " width ", "upper", "lower", " preceding ",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " rear ", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside" is based on attached
Orientation or positional relationship shown in figure, is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indication or suggestion
Signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to this
The limitation of utility model.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.The meaning of " plurality " is two or two in the description of the present invention,
More than, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the utility model embodiment unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connects " connected "
Connect ", the terms such as " fixation " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral;
It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be with
It is the interaction relationship of the connection or two elements inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, may be used
To understand the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention as the case may be.
Provided in the utility model with reference to shown in attached drawing 1 a kind of low section, miniaturization, high-isolation dual-polarized patch
One face of antenna element, including substrate 1, substrate 1 is equipped at least two layers of Supporting Media, further comprises function and divides feeding network 7,
Substrate 1 divides feeding network 7 in the face setting function far from Supporting Media;
Every layer of Supporting Media is designed with radiation patch on the face far from substrate 1;
Further include conductive feed column 4, for penetrating substrate 1 and Supporting Media respectively, connects radiation patch and feeding network.
Here Supporting Media be multilayered structure, and the number of plies number be designed according to demand.In the present embodiment according to
The form of double-layer structure is introduced, detailed as shown in Figure 1, a face of substrate 1 has set gradually first from the bottom to top
Support medium 5a and the second Supporting Media 5b;Shown first Supporting Media 5a and the second Supporting Media 5b far from substrate 1 face all
It is etched with radiation patch, the first radiation patch 6a and the second spoke is respectively set in such as the first Supporting Media 5a and the second Supporting Media 5b
Penetrate patch 6b.Radiation patch herein is rectangular configuration, naturally it is also possible to using round, the irregular shapes such as polygon.Using
Two radiation patch can increase resonance frequency, broaden impedance bandwidth, and the side length ratio of 6a and 6b are between 0.8:1~1.5:1.
For the technical requirements for realizing miniaturization, the implementation case is carried out for the existing frequency band 3400-3600MHz of 5G
It is described in detail, the height of the Supporting Media is 0.002-0.1 operation wavelength, and the dielectric constant of Supporting Media is 1.0-
16.0.The dielectric constant for increasing medium can reduce the area of unit, but also will increase the Q value of antenna simultaneously and reduce bandwidth,
The same height for reducing medium can reduce the section of unit, but also will increase Q value and influence bandwidth.By optimized design,
The unit that present case provides is compared to conventional symmetrical oscillator unit, and area reduces 60% or more, and height reduces by 75% or more, really
Realize miniaturization, low section can effectively reduce the mutual coupling in aerial array between unit, improve isolation, change radiation direction
The wave of figure is wide, gain, the characteristics such as cross polarization.
As shown in figure 3, active point of feeding network 7 is arranged in 1 lower surface of substrate, four output ends are formed, each output end connects
A conductive feed column is connect, conductive feed column is upwardly extended by 1 lower surface of substrate, and passes through substrate 1 and the second Supporting Media 5b
It is in contact with radiation patch 6b.
The function is divided to feeding network 7 to include the input for keeping the two groups of power splitters and two groups of connection power splitters of a fixed spacing
End, two ends of power splitter are separately connected two output ends;
The function divides in feeding network 7 after the output end line of the power splitter end of same group, and two of difference group output ends
The angle of line is 90 degree.Each output end connects a conductive feed column 4, and conductive feed column 4 is vertically arranged, and is located at spoke
It penetrates the non-adjacent rectangle Angle Position of patch 6b and is in contact with radiation patch, further may be considered four conductive feeds
Column 4 is the position of being located at of being spaced apart from each other close to rectangle corner.Two groups of power splitters carry out patch by conductive feed column direct
Feed, realizes the radiation characteristic of two cross polarizations.
Further, it is divided to function to two groups of power splitters in feeding network 7, is referred to as the first power splitter 71 and second
Two output ends of power splitter 72, the first power splitter 71 are referred to as the first output end 701 and second output terminal 705, the second function
It is divided to two output ends point of device 72 to be known as third output end 702 and the 4th output end 706.Specific distribution is the first output end
701, second output terminal 705, third output end 702 and the 4th output end 706 are followed successively by up time for four in rectangular area
The arrangement of needle.And the first output end 701 forms the first line, second output terminal 705 and the 4th output with third output end 702
The angle of 706 the second line of formation of end, the first line and the second line is 90 degree.
The function is divided to the amplitude difference in feeding network 7 with the input terminal of group to two output ends to be less than 0.5dB, and phase difference exists
160~200 degree.It is specific as follows: the first function branch section 707 of first power splitter 71 and the width of the second function branch section 708
It is identical, to guarantee that the amplitude difference of the 703 to the first output end of first input end 701 and second output terminal 703 is less than 0.5dB.First
The second output terminal 705 of power splitter 71 arrives the function branch section length of first input end 703 than the first output end 701 to the first
The function branch section length of input terminal 703 is long, and specific second function branch section, 708 to the first function branch section 707 is long.Second function branch
Section 708 is the corresponding a quarter medium wavelength of center frequency, i.e. first input end with the wire length difference of the first function branch section 707
703 be about respectively 180 degree relative to centre frequency to the first output end 701 and 705 phase difference of second output terminal, relative to side
Edge frequency is maintained between 160-200 degree.Longer minor matters can be bent according to layout.Second power splitter 72 uses
Same principle is configured.The method that constant amplitude reverse phase is respectively adopted in two groups of power splitters feeds patch, to eliminate
Higher mode in patch makes the mutual interference in unit be effectively suppressed, and improves isolation and cross polarization characteristics.
Further, the substrate 1 is equipped with soldering-tin layer 2 and the first pad 3, the soldering-tin layer in the face close to Supporting Media
Insulation set between 2 and the first pad 3 to be isolated;
The Supporting Media, equipped with the first metal with the second pad, is welded with second to the first metal close to the face of substrate 1
Disk respectively with soldering-tin layer 2 and the first pad 3 is Chong Die welds together.
In embodiment, by SMT technique, the first Supporting Media 5a and substrate 1 overlapped the first pad 3 and scolding tin
Layer 2 achievees the purpose that fixed Supporting Media respectively with the first metal and together with the second pad solder.Relatively traditional is symmetrical
The manually installed mode of oscillator, such structure process consistency is high, and stability is good, and production efficiency and reliability have all obtained significantly
Raising.
Further, in the implementation case, conductive feed column 4 is using the realization in the form of media interior does metallization VIA
It is conductive.It is divide into upper part and lower part, and lower half portion is located inside substrate 1, the output end of metallization VIA lower end and feeding network
Directly contact;Top half is located at the inside of the first Supporting Media 5a and the second Supporting Media 5b, the upper end and radiation patch phase
Contact.Metallization VIA is in contact with the first pad 3 and the second pad respectively, to realize complete feed conducting.
It should be pointed out that the substrate 1 far from Supporting Media face with being additionally provided with the second metal, in embodiment,
Function divides feeding network 7 that GCPW feed network structures are collectively formed with cooperating the second metal, compares common microstrip line, GCPW transmission
Line has energy leakage small, and the low and high advantage of isolation is lost, can reduce the interference to unit radiance, further mention
High-isolation improves pattern characteristics.
Further in order to meet the flexibility used, function divides feeding network 7 that can just change according to different needs,
The function divides feeding network 7 to include the transmission line of microstrip line, co-planar waveguide or other forms.Function described in the present embodiment point feed
Network 7 uses the transmission line of GCPW form;Other transmission line form is then used in other embodiment, such as microstrip line is band-like
Line etc..
As shown in attached drawing 5, in the 3400-3600MHz frequency bands that existing 5G is required, the two of the utility model antenna element
A polarization port standing wave is less than 1.30, and solid line and dotted line respectively represent a polarization port in figure.
As shown in attached drawing 6, existing 5G require 3400-3600MHz frequency bands in, the utility model antenna element every
It is greater than 32dB from degree.
As shown in attached drawing 7, the antenna pattern of the utility model antenna element, axial cross polarization is greater than 35dB.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the utility model passes through the dielectric constant and height that each layer Supporting Media is rationally arranged, it can be significantly
The size and height of reduction unit realize miniaturization, and low section effectively reduces the mutual coupling in array between unit, improve isolation
Degree, the wave for changing antenna pattern is wide, gain, the characteristics such as cross polarization.
The utility model, radiating element realizes that reverse phase is fed by power division network, then power division network through reasonable settings
Output end and feeder pillar position, the higher mode in patch can be eliminated, the mutual interference in unit is made to be effectively suppressed, improve
The cross polarization and symmetry of isolation and directional diagram.
The function of the utility model divides feeding network and radiating element by SMT welding procedure integral forming, and integrated level is high,
Consistency is good, high reliablity.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the utility model within the spirit and principle of utility model
Protection scope within.