CN113526905A - Stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113526905A CN113526905A CN202010308479.0A CN202010308479A CN113526905A CN 113526905 A CN113526905 A CN 113526905A CN 202010308479 A CN202010308479 A CN 202010308479A CN 113526905 A CN113526905 A CN 113526905A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/16—Polyurethanes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
Abstract
The invention discloses a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material which comprises quartz sand, polyurethane, a curing agent and a diluent. Meanwhile, a method for manufacturing a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model is also provided, and comprises the following steps: pretreating materials; pretreating a mould; preparing materials; pressing a sand plate; curing the sand plate; and (6) carving the cracks. The invention utilizes polyurethane gel quartz sand to manufacture the artificial sand plate and carries out quantitative crack carving, thereby obtaining the earthquake physical model which has quantitative and controllable crack width, depth, trend and the like and is sensitive to stress, and the anisotropic parameters of the model can obviously change under the condition of simulating stress. Compared with the conventional crack type seismic physical model, the crack type seismic physical model overcomes the defect that the conventional crack type seismic physical model does not have stress sensitivity, and can obtain the seismic physical model with higher stability and similarity, thereby promoting the realization of the ground stress seismic response mechanism physical simulation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic physical models of oil and gas exploration geophysics, in particular to a fracture type reservoir seismic physical model with stress sensitivity and a manufacturing method thereof.
Prior Art
In the exploration and development process of the tight oil reservoir, the development condition of the crack can be predicted by determining the magnitude and the direction of the ground stress, so that an optimal scheme is provided for the development and design of the oil reservoir. At present, research work is carried out on the basis of a numerical simulation technology aiming at the earthquake response change rule caused by the change of the ground stress. Numerical simulation techniques simulate stress fields based on the assumptions of the sheet model, considering that the formation under study is uniform continuous, isotropic, fully elastic, and considering that formation is entirely due to formation stresses. It can be seen that there are many assumptions about numerical modeling techniques for the geostress seismic response. Compared with a mathematical simulation method, the physical simulation method can more truly realize the observation of the propagation rule of the acoustic wave or the elastic wave in the model medium, thereby deducing the wave field characteristics of the seismic wave propagated in the actual stratum structure and the geologic body, and being more beneficial to explaining the seismic response characteristic rule caused by the ground stress.
For physical simulation of fractured reservoirs, the prior art is divided into three categories: one method is to embed low-speed sheets in media such as epoxy resin to simulate equivalent cracks, for example, Weijiaxin (2002) uses epoxy resin as a matrix in a laboratory, uses silicon rubber sheets with the same area to simulate cracks, and Wanglini (2017) uses a similar sheet to simulate cracks to manufacture small-size crack belts with variable parameters; the second method is that metal slices are embedded in artificial sandstone, and then solvents such as hydrochloric acid and the like are utilized to chemically dissolve the metal slices so as to generate cracks, for example, quartz sand and thin round metal slices are adopted to simulate a porous medium and cracks in Butian Bian (2014); and thirdly, embedding a high polymer material slice in the artificial sandstone, and then firing the artificial sandstone at high temperature to enable the gasification reaction of the high polymer material to generate cracks, thereby constructing a physical model of the fractured reservoir. For the third method, the method for preparing the controllable-crack artificial rock sample is provided by the method of Butian match (2015), wherein a high polymer material slice is embedded in the artificial sandstone, and then the artificial sandstone is fired at high temperature to generate cracks through the gasification reaction of the high polymer material, so that the influence of parameters such as crack density and length on the anisotropic characteristics is researched. The method has the defects that high-temperature firing influences the properties of the rock sample framework, the mechanism of the influence is complex, and the accuracy of the physical parameters of the rock sample is finally reduced.
The method is characterized in that the method does not relate to the problem of stress sensitivity for the existing physical simulation of the fractured reservoir, namely, after a fractured model applies horizontal stress, fractures in the model open along with the increase of the stress, so that physical parameters, particularly anisotropic parameters, of the model material change, and the change mechanism is the basic principle of the physical simulation of the earth stress seismic response characteristic. The development of a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir physical model is realized, and the further research on the ground stress response mechanism can be carried out by utilizing the seismic physical simulation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing fractured reservoir physical simulation technology, and provides a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the method for manufacturing an artificial sand plate by utilizing polyurethane gel sand and quantitatively carving fractures is used for realizing the stress-sensitive fractured reservoir physical model, so that a seismic physical model with higher similarity can be obtained, and the physical simulation method research of the fracture reservoir ground stress seismic response characteristics is facilitated.
The invention provides a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material which comprises quartz sand, polyurethane, a curing agent and a diluent.
Further:
the stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of quartz sand and 60-100 parts of polyurethane; 10-20 parts of curing agent; 10-20 parts of diluent.
Wherein:
the curing agent is an amine curing agent with an amine value of less than 400 mgKOH/g.
The curing agent is preferably cashew oil modified fatty amine.
The diluent is an ester plasticizer.
The diluent is preferably dibutyl phthalate.
The particle size range of the quartz sand is 60-200 meshes, and 60-120 meshes is preferred.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a seismic physical model of a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
s1, material pretreatment: putting polyurethane into an oven to preheat for 1.5-2.5 hours at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
s2, preprocessing a mold: coating silicon rubber on the inner surface of a physical model curing mould, and finishing mould treatment after the silicon rubber is cured;
s3, material preparation: weighing the materials according to the material ratio, adding the curing agent and the diluent into the polyurethane, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s4, sand plate pressing: fully and uniformly mixing the materials prepared in the step 3 with quartz sand, putting all the materials into a mold, putting the mold into a press, pressing for 25-35 minutes at constant pressure, and then releasing the pressure;
s5, sand plate curing: placing the mould into an oven for curing for 45-55h at 35-45 ℃, demoulding and taking out the sand plate;
s6, crack carving: according to the model design demand, utilize the carving tool to carry out the crack sculpture on the sand board, crack width, degree of depth all can carry out the quantitative design.
Further:
in step S3, the curing agent is added to the polyurethane and uniformly stirred, and then the diluent is added and uniformly stirred.
In step S4, the pressing pressure is 2MPa to 6MPa
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The method for manufacturing the artificial sand plate by using the polyurethane rubber-bonded quartz sand and quantitatively carving the cracks can obtain the earthquake physical model which is quantitatively controllable in crack width, depth, trend and the like and sensitive to stress, thereby laying a solid foundation for researching a physical simulation method of the earthquake response characteristic of the ground stress of the fractured reservoir.
Brief description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of model stress application and calculation of longitudinal wave anisotropy coefficients;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fracture carving of the model of example 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
A stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model comprises quartz sand, polyurethane, a curing agent and a diluent.
In a preferred embodiment, the mold material comprises, by weight, 1000 parts of quartz sand and 60 to 100 parts of polyurethane, and may comprise, for example, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 90 parts, 100 parts, and any value therebetween, and preferably 80 parts; the curing agent is 10 to 20 parts, for example, 10 parts, 15 parts, 20 parts and any value therebetween, preferably 15 parts; 10-20 parts of diluent, and the weight part of the diluent is the same as that of the curing agent.
The curing agent is an amine curing agent with an amine value of less than 400 mgKOH/g; preferably cashew nut oil modified fatty amine;
the diluent is an ester plasticizer; preferably dibutyl phthalate;
preferably, the particle size of the silica sand ranges from 60 to 200 mesh, more preferably from 60 to 120 mesh.
Example 2
A stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model manufacturing method comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, material pretreatment: putting polyurethane into an oven to preheat for 1.5-2.5 hours at the temperature of 45-55 ℃; for example: preheating at 45 deg.C for 2.5 hr, preheating at 55 deg.C for 1.5 hr, preferably preheating at 50 deg.C for 2 hr.
Step S2, mold pretreatment: and (3) coating silicon rubber on the inner surface of the physical model curing mould, and finishing mould treatment after the silicon rubber is cured.
Step S3, material preparation: weighing the materials according to the material ratio, adding the curing agent and the diluent into the polyurethane, and fully and uniformly stirring;
step S4, sand board pressing: and (3) fully and uniformly mixing the materials prepared in the step (3) with quartz sand, putting all the materials into a mold, putting the mold into a press, pressing for 25 minutes or 30 minutes or 35 minutes at constant pressure, and then releasing the pressure.
Step S5, sand plate solidification: and (3) placing the mould into an oven for curing at 35, 40 or 45 ℃ for 55, 48 or 45 hours, and then demoulding and taking out the sand plate.
Step S6, crack carving: according to the model design demand, utilize the carving tool to carry out the crack sculpture on the sand board, crack width, degree of depth all can carry out the quantitative design. And finishing the model making after the steps.
Example 3
In addition to example 2, in step S3, it is preferable that the curing agent is added to the polyurethane and sufficiently and uniformly stirred, and then the diluent is added and uniformly stirred. In step S4, the pressing pressure is 2MPa to 6MPa, more preferably 5 MPa.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S6, the top surface or the bottom surface of the mold is engraved with a slit, preferably with a bottom surface of the mold. More preferably, the engraving is performed using a hand engraving or a computer controlled engraving system, preferably a computer controlled engraving system, which allows a more accurate model to be obtained.
Example 4
Physical model of fractured reservoir in certain area, model size: length 30cm, width 20cm, thickness 2cm
Polyurethane 70
Curing agent 10
Diluent 10
Quartz sand 1000
Calculated according to the weight fraction.
1. Placing polyurethane in a 50 ℃ incubator for preheating for 2 hours
2. And (3) coating silicon rubber on the inner wall of the mould, and finishing the pretreatment of the mould after the silicon rubber is cured.
3. 70 parts by weight of polyurethane, 10 parts by weight of curing agent and 10 parts by weight of diluent are respectively taken. Firstly, adding a curing agent into polyurethane, fully mixing and stirring, then adding a diluent, and fully mixing and stirring again;
4. weighing 1000 parts by weight of quartz sand, fully and uniformly mixing the material obtained in the step 3 with the quartz sand, placing the mixture into a mold, flattening the mixture by using a pressure head, placing the mold on a press, pressurizing the mold under the pressure of 3MPa for 10min, and then releasing the pressure;
5. placing the mould in an oven for curing for 48h at 40 ℃, demoulding and taking out the sand plate;
6. and (4) placing the model on a carving machine, and carving the crack with the bottom surface upward. And starting to carve the crack at the position 5cm away from the left end of the model in the center line position of the model, wherein the length is 20cm, the width is 0.2mm, and the depth is 1 cm. 4 cracks are respectively carved along the two sides of the central line at intervals of 2cm, and 9 cracks are totally formed.
Example 5
Physical model of fractured reservoir in certain area, model size: length 30cm, width 20cm, thickness 2cm
Calculated according to the weight fraction.
Example 5 Steps 1-5 were made the same as example 4, except for the fracture engraving parameters in step 6. In the embodiment, the crack begins to be carved at the position 5cm away from the left end of the model in the center line position of the model, the length is 20cm, the width is 0.2mm, and the depth is 1 cm. 8 cracks are respectively carved along the two sides of the central line at intervals of 1cm, and the total number of the cracks is 17.
Example 6
Physical model of fractured reservoir in certain area, model size: length 30cm, width 20cm, thickness 2cm
Calculated according to the weight fraction.
Example 6 steps 1-5 were made the same as example 4, except for the fracture engraving parameters in step 6. In the embodiment, the crack begins to be carved at the position 5cm away from the left end of the model in the center line position of the model, the length is 20cm, the width is 0.2mm, and the depth is 1 cm. 16 cracks are respectively carved along two sides of the midline at intervals of 0.5cm, and the total number of the cracks is 33.
Comparative example:
the seismic physical model material is made of uncut cracks. The specific formulation is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 (amounts are in parts by weight)
The raw material information used in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
polyurethane: polyurethane two-component pouring sealant PUY-205 Suzhou Ruigu chemical Co.
Curing agent F50: cashew oil modified fatty amine ZY-F50 amine value: 200-300mgKOH/g Xuzhou Miyao chemical Co.
Diluent DBP: dibutyl phthalate, Jinan, Town chemical Co., Ltd.
Quartz sand: jingshi brand quartz sand, produced in Hebei.
Claims (10)
1. A stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material is characterized by comprising quartz sand, polyurethane, a curing agent and a diluent.
2. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material of claim 1, wherein: by weight, 1000 parts of quartz sand and 60-100 parts of polyurethane; 10-20 parts of curing agent; 10-20 parts of diluent.
3. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the curing agent is an amine curing agent with an amine value of less than 400 mgKOH/g.
4. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material of claim 3, wherein: the curing agent is cashew nut oil modified fatty amine.
5. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the diluent is an ester plasticizer.
6. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material of claim 5, wherein: the diluent is dibutyl phthalate.
7. The stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the particle size range of the quartz sand is 60-200 meshes.
8. A method for making a seismic physical model of a stress-sensitive fractured reservoir according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1, material pretreatment: putting polyurethane into an oven to preheat for 1.5-2.5 hours at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
s2, preprocessing a mold: coating silicon rubber on the inner surface of a physical model curing mould, and finishing mould treatment after the silicon rubber is cured;
s3, material preparation: weighing the materials according to the material ratio, adding the curing agent and the diluent into the polyurethane, and fully and uniformly stirring;
s4, sand plate pressing: fully and uniformly mixing the materials prepared in the step 3 with quartz sand, putting all the materials into a mold, putting the mold into a press, pressing for 25-35 minutes at constant pressure, and then releasing the pressure;
s5, sand plate curing: placing the mould into an oven for curing for 45-55h at 35-45 ℃, demoulding and taking out the sand plate;
s6, crack carving: according to the model design demand, utilize the carving tool to carry out the crack sculpture on the sand board, crack width, degree of depth all can carry out the quantitative design.
9. The method for making the stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in step S3, the curing agent is added to the polyurethane and uniformly stirred, and then the diluent is added and uniformly stirred.
10. The method for making the stress-sensitive fractured reservoir seismic physical model according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in step S4, the pressing pressure is 2MPa to 6 MPa.
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