CN105717535B - A kind of fractured model material of variable element and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of fractured model material of variable element and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105717535B CN105717535B CN201610045725.1A CN201610045725A CN105717535B CN 105717535 B CN105717535 B CN 105717535B CN 201610045725 A CN201610045725 A CN 201610045725A CN 105717535 B CN105717535 B CN 105717535B
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
Abstract
The present invention provides fractured model materials of a kind of variable element and preparation method thereof.The fractured model material of the variable element includes：The mixed-matrix material layer and the osmosis type scraps of paper of spaced distribution, the number of plies of mixed-matrix material layer than the osmosis type scraps of paper the number of plies more than one layer, mixed-matrix material layer is made of mixed-matrix material, and mixed-matrix material includes：Epoxy resin, epoxy curing agent, silicon rubber and silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the fractured model material of above-mentioned variable element.The fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention can obtain as needed different fracture spacinies, different fracture orientation, different fracture surfaces inclination angle, different fracture penetrations and crack bandwidth fractured model material, basis is provided for the slit band seismic response features rock physics research of different fracture parameters, is equally applicable in the seismic physical model making of crack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fractured model materials of a kind of variable element and preparation method thereof, belong to oil-gas exploration and exploitation
Geophysical research technical field.
Background technology
Slit formation oil-gas reservoir is one of current oil and gas reservoir most important in the world.No matter carbonate rock, tight sand,
There is the slit formation oil-gas reservoir that there is industry to open production value in mud stone or igneous rock and buried hill metamorphic rock.In China
Slit formation oil-gas reservoir is found in each main oil gas fields such as grand celebration, triumph, long celebrating, Sichuan, it has also become China's oil gas increases storage
Amount, one of the important hidden-type Reservoir levels for improving yield.
Most of slit formation oil-gas reservoir is caused by being transformed by the geology in later stage, as caused by tectonic stress field action
Diaclase reservoir etc. has the characteristics that the fracture development aligned is different.Fracture parameters (crack in slit formation oil and gas reservoir
Density, orientation, crack dip) variation the features such as can cause velocity anisotropy in the characteristic of seimic wave propagation, from
And be conducive to method of seismic prospecting identification.Grinding for compact reservoir characteristics of fracture development and law of development is carried out in production seismics exploration
Study carefully, the exploration and exploitation of instructing this kind of oil gas field are had a very important significance.
It is influenced by many geologic(al) factors, types of fractures and parameter have diversity in slit formation oil and gas reservoir, in scale
There is multiple dimensioned property in terms of size, there is irregularity in spatial distribution.By traditional surface geology data and drilling well, survey
Well data, which carries out the division of Fracture System spatial distribution and prediction, becomes very difficult.This makes the earth of slit formation oil and gas reservoir
Physical description or prediction become very necessary.
The rock physical property for recognizing fracture medium studies the seismic wave response characteristic of slit band, and it is pre- to carry out Reservoir Fracture
Technique study is surveyed, and then accurately and effectively (fracture spacing, fracture strike, fracture surface incline quantitative forecast Reservoir Fracture systematic parameter
Angle, slit band scale scale, distribution characteristics, permeability etc.) it is significant to the exploration and exploitation of petroleum resources.
Influence using physical simulation techniques research fracture parameters to seismic wave in laboratory at present is a kind of effective
Method, the cast material for needing simulation parameters of fissure thus make model of fissuration.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fractured model material of variable element and
Preparation method can obtain different fracture spacinies, different fracture orientations, different fracture surfaces inclination angle, different cracks as needed
The fractured model material of development length and crack bandwidth is the slit band seismic response features rock physics of different fracture parameters
Research provides basis, is equally applicable in the seismic physical model making of crack.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the present invention provides a kind of fractured model material of variable element, the variable ginsengs
Several fractured model materials include：The mixed-matrix material layer and the osmosis type scraps of paper of spaced distribution, mixed-matrix material layer
The number of plies than the osmosis type scraps of paper the number of plies more than one layer, wherein the mixed-matrix material layer is made of mixed-matrix material,
The mixed-matrix material includes：Epoxy resin, epoxy curing agent, silicon rubber and silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object；
By the gross mass of the epoxy resin contained in mixed-matrix material for 100wt% in terms of, the content of silicon rubber is
1wt%-40wt%, epoxy curing agent content be 13wt%-40wt%；Silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object of use
Including silicon rubber curing agent and silicon rubber catalyst, with the gross mass of the silicon rubber contained in mixed-matrix material for 100wt%
It counts, the content of the silicon rubber curing agent in silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object is 4wt%-6wt%, and silicon rubber solidification-catalysis is mixed
The content for closing the silicon rubber catalyst in object is 1wt%-1.5wt%.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is desirable that ensure that the osmosis type scraps of paper are mixed host material
It is impregnated with.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, after epoxy resin, silicon rubber are uniformly mixed,
After addition epoxy curing agent and silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object are uniformly mixed, it is put into side in vacuum mixer and stirs
It mixes side and takes out air, obtain mixed-matrix material.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the variable element of thickness per cm
Include 30 layers -100 layers of the osmosis type scraps of paper in fractured model material.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, the osmosis type scraps of paper of use are made of wood fibre,
Permeability is strong, does not have particular/special requirement to the osmosis type scraps of paper, it is preferable that the thickness of the osmosis type scraps of paper used is 0.05mm-
0.12mm。
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the epoxy resin of use includes model
The epoxy resin of 618-2.The epoxy resin of model 618-2 is produced by Shanghai Resin Factory Co., Ltd..
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the epoxy curing agent of use includes
The epoxy curing agent of model 593.The epoxy curing agent of the model 593 is given birth to by Shanghai Resin Factory Co., Ltd.
Production.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the silicon rubber of use includes model 107
Methyl silicone rubber at room temperature cure.The methyl silicone rubber at room temperature cure of the model 107 is produced by Shanghai Resin Factory Co., Ltd..
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the silicon rubber curing agent of use includes just
The silicon rubber catalyst of silester, use includes dibutyl tin laurate.The ethyl orthosilicate is limited by Shanghai Resin Factory
Company produces, which is produced by Shanghai Resin Factory Co., Ltd..
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that solidification process carries out at normal temperatures, Gu
It is 1-2 days to change the time.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the fractured model material of the variable element
In mixed-matrix material velocity of longitudinal wave be 2634m/s-1993m/s, shear wave velocity 1205m/s-866m/s.
In the fractured model material of variable element provided by the invention, it is preferable that the mixed-matrix material of same weight ratio,
The velocity of longitudinal wave in the vertical fracture face of the fractured model material of the variable element increases with fracture spacing and is reduced.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the fractured model material of above-mentioned variable element, which includes following
Step：
The mixed-matrix material is successively laid in mold, mixed-matrix material layer, each layer of mixed-matrix are formed
The osmosis type scraps of paper are uniformly laid in material layer, until reaching required thickness；
Solidification, obtains green body after demoulding, the green body obtains the crack of the variable element after cutting, grinding process
Cast material.
The preparation method of the fractured model material of above-mentioned variable element provided by the invention specifically includes following steps：
Mold prepares：The square dies box for making appropriately sized 50 × 50mm-400 × 300mm, is cleaned out, box
Inner wall coats releasing agent；
The each component of mixed-matrix material is thoroughly mixed, is put into vacuumize in machine and takes out sky when machine stirs
Gas obtains mixed-matrix material；
The mixed-matrix material of 1g-50g is successively laid in mold, uniformly lays and oozes on each layer of mixed-matrix material
The saturating type scraps of paper, ensure mixed-matrix number of layers than the osmosis type scraps of paper the number of plies more than one layer, ruler be used in combination that the scraps of paper are struck off repeatedly
It is whole, until reaching required thickness；
Solidification 1-2 days, demoulding obtain green body, and green body obtains the variable element after cutting, grinding process aftershaping
Fractured model material.
In the fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention, to obtain different fracture spacinies, matrix velocity, ability
Field technique personnel can control according to experiment.Such as：
By controlling the thickness of mixed-matrix material layer in two layers of osmosis type scraps of paper interlayer within the scope of certain altitude, can make
Make the fractured model material with different fracture spacinies；In identical height, the thickness of mixed-matrix material layer becomes larger in interlayer,
Then osmosis type scraps of paper quantity tails off, and indicates that fracture spacing, fracture spacing accordingly reduce with the paper number in unit length.With ring silicon
Than 1:For 15wt%, the density of mixed-matrix material is 1.147g/cm3, the mold of 50mm × 50mm is selected, if every layer is put into
0.925g-0.284g mixed-matrix materials, corresponding to be put into 30 layers of -100 layers of osmosis type scraps of paper, model can reach 10mm height,
Theoretically fracture spacing is 3/mm-10/mm at this time.
By controlling the proportioning of epoxy resin and silicon rubber, the fractured model of different substrates p-and s-wave velocity can be produced
Material, to the bulk velocity of control critical eigenvalue cast material, including the speed in vertical fracture face and the longitudinal and shear wave along fracture surface
Speed obtains different anisotropy values；By taking epoxy resin 100wt%, silicon rubber 15wt%-30wt% as an example, mixed-matrix
Material velocity of longitudinal wave ranging from 2348m/s-2125m/s, fracture spacing 9.5 opens/mm when, fractured model material is moved towards along seam face
Velocity of longitudinal wave range be 2399m/s-2234m/s respectively, the velocity of longitudinal wave range in vertical fracture face is 2262m/s- respectively
2012m/s, fractured model material longitudinal wave anisotropy are 8.2%-12.2%.
Cutting scale and direction by change can produce with different shape, scale, fracture orientation and fracture surface
The fractured model material at inclination angle.
Fractured model material of variable element of the present invention and preparation method thereof compared with the existing, has below beneficial to effect
Fruit：
The fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention has preferable weak anisotropy feature, the side of speed and amplitude
Position variation characteristic etc. can be equivalent to these features of intrinsic fracture band；
The fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention can simulate different fracture penetrations, crack bandwidth, split
Stitch the slit band of the fracture parameters such as density, fracture surface inclination angle, fracture orientation；
The slit band development length range 5mm-60mm of the fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention, crack bandwidth
Range 1mm-60mm can be applied in the seismic physical model making of crack, study back wave seismic response features；
The preparation method of the fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention has operability well and repeatability, utilizes
The preparation method can obtain and the closer artificial variable element of intrinsic fracture seismic response features, the regularity of distribution etc.
Fractured model material, and can prepare different fracture spacinies, slit band scale, fracture surface inclination angle, fracture orientation it is variable
The fractured model material of parameter；
The fractured model material of variable element made from the preparation method of the fractured model material of the variable element of the present invention
It is stable and firm, it can be used for the slit band seismic response features rock physics research of different fracture parameters, be equally applicable for crack
During seismic physical model makes, seismic physical modeling analysis is carried out, the optimization of crack prediction method is preferably fracture reservoir
Matter and fractured hydrocarbon reservoir identification provide foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the production method flow chart of the fractured model material of the variable element of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the fractured model material of the variable element of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 a are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of the different fracture penetrations of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 b are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of the different crack bandwidth of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 c are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of the different fracture orientations of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 d are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element at the different fracture surface inclination angles of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 e are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of the different fracture spacinies of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is that mixed-matrix material p-and s-wave velocity accounts for epoxy resin degree variation relation figure with silicon rubber.
Fig. 5 is that mixed-matrix density of material accounts for epoxy resin degree variation relation figure with silicon rubber.
Fig. 6 is the fractured model material p-and s-wave velocity of the variable element of embodiment 1 with fracture spacing variation relation figure.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the advantageous effect to the present invention are more clearly understood, now to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme carry out it is described further below, but should not be understood as to the present invention can practical range restriction.
Embodiment 1
The fractured model material for present embodiments providing variable element, is obtained through the following steps, specific to prepare
Flow is as shown in Figure 1：
In order to more different mixed-matrix material mixture ratios produce can fractured model material p-and s-wave velocity, longitudinal wave resistance
Anti- and crack longitudinal and shear wave anisotropy value difference selects three kinds of mixed-matrix material mixture ratios, epoxy resin and silicon rubber proportioning
Respectively 1:15%, 1:30% and 1:45%.
By the epoxy resin of the model 618-2 of three parts of 500g respectively with the room temperature sulphur of 75g, 150g, 225g model 107
Change methyl silicone rubber to be stirred, be then respectively adding the epoxy curing agent of 85g models 593, then respectively with 3.84g,
(the silicon rubber curing agent used is positive silicic acid second after 9.3g, 13.95g silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object are uniformly mixed
Ester, it is 5% to account for silicon rubber percentage；For dibutyl tin laurate, account for silicon rubber percentage is the silicon rubber catalyst used
1.2%) it, is put into vacuum mixer, stirs, vacuumizes, obtain three parts of mixed-matrix materials by vacuum processing；
Above-mentioned three kinds of mixed-matrix materials are successively laid in mold respectively, and on each layer of mixed-matrix material
The osmosis type scraps of paper are uniformly laid, concrete structure is as shown in Figure 2.Control the number of plies point that the osmosis type scraps of paper are laid in 10mm altitude ranges
It Wei not be 30,60,100,130 layers.Allow have a little difference, parameter can be modified.Lay the number of plies of mixed-matrix material layer
One layer more than the osmosis type scraps of paper number of plies, ensures that the permeable slim scraps of paper are mixed host material and are impregnated with, obtain filling mixed-matrix
The mold of material and the permeable slim scraps of paper is fabricated to 12 fracture parameters test blocks；
After the mold for filling mixed-matrix material and the permeable slim scraps of paper is carried out curing process, solidification obtains base in 2 days
Body obtains different fracture spacinies, different fracture orientations, different fracture surfaces and inclines by the green body after cutting, grinding process
The fractured model material of the variable element at angle, different fracture penetration and crack bandwidth, specific module such as Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c,
Shown in 3d, 3e, wherein Fig. 3 a are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of different fracture penetrations, Fig. 3 b
For the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of different crack bandwidth, Fig. 3 c are the variable ginseng of different fracture orientations
Several fractured model material module structure charts, Fig. 3 d are the fractured model material module of the variable element at different fracture surface inclinations angle
Structure chart, Fig. 3 e are the fractured model material module structure chart of the variable element of different fracture spacinies.
Fig. 4 is that the mixed-matrix material p-and s-wave velocity of the present embodiment accounts for the variation of epoxy resin degree with silicon rubber
Relational graph.Fig. 5 is that the mixed-matrix density of material of the present embodiment accounts for epoxy resin degree variation relation figure with silicon rubber.
Fig. 6 is the fractured model material p-and s-wave velocity of the present embodiment with fracture spacing variation relation figure, in Fig. 6 a groups epoxy resin and
Silicon rubber proportioning is 1:15%, b group epoxy resin are 1 with silicon rubber proportioning:30%, Y refer to that vertical fracture face direction, Z are
Parallel fracture face direction.
After tested, in addition to the fractured model material of the variable element of fracture spacing variation, all slits cast material ensures
Fracture spacing 9.5 opens/mm, the velocity of longitudinal wave that the fractured model material that three kinds of epoxy resin and silicon rubber match is moved towards along seam face
2399m/s, 2234m/s, 1985m/s respectively, the velocity of longitudinal wave in vertical fracture face be respectively 2262m/s, 2012m/s,
1613m/s.Fractured model material longitudinal wave anisotropy is 8.2%, 12.2%, 21.4% (wherein, anisotropy calculation formula ginseng
Examine Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].GEOPHYSICS,1986,51(10):1954-66.).Extend
The three groups of fractured model material Fracture Widths and constant (the average crack width 42.17mm of height of length variation；Average crack is high
Degree is 10.017mm), the length of fractured model material is from 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm to 60mm.Fracture width changes
Fractured model material average crack development length be 19.92mm, average crack height is 10.18mm, and fracture width is from 1mm etc.
Interval increases to 6mm.The different fractured model test-material yardstick in fracture orientation be 13mm × 13mm, orientation from 0 °, 15 °, 30 °,
45 °, 60 °, 75 ° to 90 °.The different fractured model test-material yardstick in the crack inclination angles Feng Mian be 14mm × 14mm, inclination angle from 5 °, 15 °,
30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° to 90 °.The fractured model scantling of fracture spacing variation is 18mm × 18mm, fracture spacing difference
For 3.19/mm, 6.31/mm, 10.27/mm and 13.31/mm.
The above parameters are the fractured model material module test parameters of variable element, according to geometrical similarity principle and are moved
Data processing and analysis and FRACTURE PREDICTION, reference are carried out after the principle on mechanic similarity likelihood ratio to the geological condition of realistic simulation
《3 D complex medium seismic physical modeling》After (Mu Yongguang, petroleum industry publishing house, 2003, chapter 2, page 4) likelihood ratio,
It is close with practical fracture reservoir petrophysical parameter and seismic wave response, meet simulated experiment requirement.Wherein, density, longitudinal wave speed
The survey that degree, shear wave velocity, the test of longitudinal wave anisotropy and fracture spacing and computational methods are known to the skilled person
Examination and computational methods, specifically please refer to《Petrophysics》(old Yong, Huang Tingfang, Liu Enru, publishing house of Chinese University of Science and Technology,
Page 2009,12.4,288, page 13.1,293) described in test and computational methods.
Above example illustrates that it is long that the fractured model material of variable element of the invention can simulate different fracture extensions
The slit band of the fracture parameters such as degree, crack bandwidth, fracture spacing, fracture surface inclination angle, fracture orientation, and the variable element
The preparation method of fractured model material is prepared according to seismic physical modeling technical characterstic from actual formation feature and modular laboratory
Relationship set out, the every rock object for the fracture parameters test block for obtaining the fractured model material containing controllable crack, and obtaining
Reason parameter and seismic response features are more nearly intrinsic fracture band, and the fractured model material is made to can be applied to crack rock physics
In analysis, crack oil and gas seismic reservoir wave response simulation and crack prediction method research.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of fractured model material of variable element, which is characterized in that including：The mixed-matrix material layer of spaced distribution
With the osmosis type scraps of paper, the number of plies of mixed-matrix material layer than the osmosis type scraps of paper the number of plies more than one layer, wherein the mixed base material
The bed of material is made of mixed-matrix material, and the mixed-matrix material includes：Epoxy resin, epoxy curing agent, silicon rubber
Glue and silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object；
By the gross mass of the epoxy resin contained in mixed-matrix material for 100wt% in terms of, the content of silicon rubber is 1wt%-
40wt%, epoxy curing agent content be 13wt%-40wt%；Total matter with the silicon rubber contained in mixed-matrix material
Amount is that 100wt% is counted, and the content of the silicon rubber curing agent in silicon rubber solidification-catalytic mixing object is 4wt%-6wt%, silicon rubber
The content of catalyst is 1wt%-1.5wt%.
2. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crack mould of thickness per cm
Include 30 layers -100 layers of the osmosis type scraps of paper in proximate matter material.
3. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the osmosis type scraps of paper
Degree is 0.05mm-0.12mm.
4. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the thickness of the osmosis type scraps of paper
Degree is 0.05mm-0.12mm.
5. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the epoxy resin includes type
Number be 618-2 epoxy resin；The epoxy curing agent includes the epoxy curing agent of model 593.
6. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the silicon rubber includes model
For 107 methyl silicone rubber at room temperature cure.
7. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the silicon rubber curing agent packet
Ethyl orthosilicate is included, the silicon rubber catalyst includes dibutyl tin laurate.
8. the fractured model material of variable element according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cured process is at normal temperatures
It carries out, hardening time is 1-2 days.
9. according to the fractured model material of claim 1-8 any one of them variable elements, which is characterized in that fractured model material
The velocity of longitudinal wave of mixed-matrix material in material is 2634m/s-1993m/s, shear wave velocity 1205m/s-866m/s.
10. according to the fractured model material of claim 1-8 any one of them variable elements, which is characterized in that for same
The mixed-matrix material of weight ratio, the velocity of longitudinal wave in the vertical fracture face of the fractured model material of the variable element is with fracture spacing
Increase and reduces.
11. the preparation method of the fractured model material of claim 1-10 any one of them variable elements, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
The mixed-matrix material is successively laid in mold, mixed-matrix material layer, each layer of mixed-matrix material are formed
The osmosis type scraps of paper are uniformly laid on layer, until reaching required thickness；
Solidification, obtains green body after demoulding, the green body obtains the fractured model of the variable element after cutting, grinding process
Material.
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| CN111410819A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-14 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Damping material composition, damping material, preparation method and application thereof |
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| US7373251B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2008-05-13 | Marathon Oil Company | Method for predicting quantitative values of a rock or fluid property in a reservoir using seismic data |
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Inventor after: Wei Jianxin Inventor after: Zhang Fuhong Inventor after: Huang Ping Inventor after: Wang Lingling Inventor after: Di Bangrang Inventor after: Ding Pinbo Inventor after: Li Xiangyang Inventor before: Wei Jianxin Inventor before: Wang Lingling Inventor before: Di Bangrang Inventor before: Ding Pinbo Inventor before: Li Xiangyang |
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Effective date of registration: 20170320 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Applicant after: China Petroleum & Natural Gas Co., Ltd. Applicant after: China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Address before: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Applicant before: China National Petroleum Corporation Applicant before: China University of Petroleum (Beijing) |
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