CN105484739A - Carbonate rock formation pore pressure testing method and device - Google Patents
Carbonate rock formation pore pressure testing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105484739A CN105484739A CN201510851372.XA CN201510851372A CN105484739A CN 105484739 A CN105484739 A CN 105484739A CN 201510851372 A CN201510851372 A CN 201510851372A CN 105484739 A CN105484739 A CN 105484739A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbonate rock formation pore pressure testing method and device. The carbonate rock formation pore pressure testing method comprises the steps that acoustic waves are utilized to test different fracture-cavity carbonate rock models under the conditions that temperatures and confining pressures are fixed but pore pressures are varying, and standard curve families formed by the relations among the axial stresses, transverse waves and longitudinal waves of the fracture-cavity carbonate rock models when the pore pressures are different are obtained; then, a measurement curve formed by the relations among the axial stress, transverse waves and longitudinal waves of an actual carbonate rock formation is obtained; the measurement curve is compared with the standard curve families to determine that the formation pore pressure of the fracture-cavity carbonate rock model corresponding to the curve most approximate to the measurement curve is the pore pressure of the actual carbonate rock formation. The method utilizes the test data of the different fracture-cavity carbonate rock models and the acoustic wave logging data of the carbonate rock formation, and the pore pressure of the actual carbonate rock formation can be seen in a diagram. The device can achieve automation of the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and be exclusively used in deep carbonate complex rock or seam hole type growth strata drilling, to obtain method or the equipment technical field of fracture-cavity type carbonate sound-mechanical response feature, particularly relate to a kind of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing and device.
Background technology
In world wide, Carbonate Reservoir reserves account for 52% of verified oil reserves, account for 60% of oil gas total output.The marine carbonate stratum of the current main force of China block is based on carbonate rock fractured cave oil-gas reservoir, lithologic heterogeneity is strong, crack solution cavity is grown, oil-gas Layer buries that dark multiple pressure Force system coexists, drilling geology identification of environmental factors difficulty is large, leakiness, formation damage are serious, cause the one of the main reasons of accident to be exactly can not accurately determine For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation, seriously constrain the dynamics of petroleum exploration in China exploitation.
Marine carbonate cleft, dissolution pore, solution cavity are grown, the complex characteristic such as formation pore pressure and geostatic stress distributional difference are greatly, regularity is poor, uncertainty is strong, cause earth physical prospecting, seismic data quality poor, be difficult to accurately identify and prediction to its geological environment, rock mass mechanics characteristic parameter, formation pressure system, in drilling process, predictability is poor, cause drilling process success rate low, the process of serious restriction oil-gas exploration and development.
Current employing clastic " deposition compacting is theoretical " carries out, and majority utilizes SVEL and geophysical information to carry out prediction of formation pressure, but in theory not yet obtains substantive breakthroughs.
Acoustics and mechanical response signature analysis under the acid carbonate rock pore pressure condition of acid carbonate rock formation pore pressure forecasting problem employing lab simulation seam hole, opposite joint hole, layered suture hole acid carbonate rock individual difference is huge primitively, and very difficult fracture, pore space structure are described fine description.A kind of good method of research seam hole acid carbonate rock acoustics, mechanical response feature be exactly utilize the different crack of preparation simulation, pore character manually prepare sample.
At present, natural seam hole acid carbonate rock is adopted to there is problem:
Due to circumstance complication in fractured carbonate rock deposition process, and experience repeated tectonic movements, the otherness of getting between each sample huge, and the fractue spacing of inside, pore abundance are not easily grasped, carry out nondestructive testing, somewhat expensive as adopted industrial CT, be difficult to bear, as adopted protolith sample to carry out acoustics and mechanical response characteristic test, the comparativity of result of the test will reduce greatly, be unfavorable for the summary to regularity understanding and analysis.
In sum, adopt natural magnesium rock salt sample to carry out experimental test, there is the inadequate natural endowment that much cannot overcome, the accuracy of result of the test is difficult to hold.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing and device, the method utilizes the experimental data of different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, with, carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, can obtain carbonate rock actual formation pore pressure by chart, its experimental accuracy is high.
In order to reach above-mentioned first object, the technical scheme of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention is as follows:
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
Prepare different seam hole acid carbonate rock models;
Described different seam hole acid carbonate rock model is placed in rock mechanics experiment machine respectively;
Fix in temperature, confined pressure, under the condition of pore pressure change, utilize seam hole acid carbonate rock models different described in sonic test, when obtaining different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave;
Utilize carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, obtain the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch are compared, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation.
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
As preferably, the relation between described axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave comprises, the relation between axial stress and shear wave, and/or, the relation between axial stress and compressional wave, and/or, the relation between shear wave and compressional wave.
As preferably, for the same pore pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart.
As preferably, for the different aperture pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart, and the different legend of described different aperture pressure condition is distinguished.
As preferably, for the same pore pressure condition of difference seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart, and the different legend of described difference seam hole acid carbonate rock model is distinguished.
As preferably, in described same icon, described axial stress is abscissa, and described shear wave is the first ordinate, and described compressional wave is the second ordinate.
As preferably, described pore pressure, axial stress, shear wave, P wave data are obtained by data collecting module collected; And/or described calibration curve bunch is drawn by Drawing of Curve module and is obtained; And/or described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch being compared to be compared by comparison module is obtained; And/or, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is that the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation is obtained by judge module.
As preferably, seam hole acid carbonate rock model is standard specimen, and the diameter of described standard specimen is 50mm, is highly 100mm.
As preferably, described seam hole acid carbonate rock model comprises aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece;
The ratio of quality and the number of copies of each component of described aggregate is, cement: quartz sand: blanc fixe: water=(2 ~ 3): (1.5 ~ 2.5): (0.5 ~ 1): (0.4 ~ 1);
Described hole simulating piece is distributed in described aggregate;
Described Rockmass fractures simulating piece is also distributed in described aggregate.
As preferably, described Rockmass fractures simulating piece is template, or, sketching paper.
As preferably, described hole simulating piece is sphere.
As preferably, described sphere is the different granules of polystyrene of particle diameter.
As preferably, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution;
Under predetermined temperature and humidity condition, leave standstill the scheduled time, make fully physical reactions and chemical reaction to occur between described aggregate;
Remove described mould, obtain described seam hole acid carbonate rock model.
As preferably, before described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in the step in a mould according to the regularity of distribution, be also included in the step of brushing sliding agent on described mould inner wall.
As preferably, described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution and comprise the following steps:
Prepare described aggregate and hole simulating piece, and fully stir described aggregate and hole simulating piece, make described aggregate and hole simulating piece form mixture;
Described mixture layering is joined in described mould;
Described results of fracture simulation part is joined described mixture between layers.
As preferably, when described mixture layering being joined in described mould, after every layer of described mixture has added, also comprise the step that the described mixture added is tamped.
As preferably, after the step tamped the described mixture added completes, also comprise the step of hacking.
As preferably, be that the mode by being paved in the mold by described mixture realizes by the described mixture layering step joined in described mould.
As preferably, after described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in the step in a mould according to the regularity of distribution, also comprise the step struck off by the mixture exceeding described model opening surface.
As preferably, after the step that the mixture exceeding described model opening surface strikes off being completed, also comprise smooth step.
As preferably, after described smooth step completes, also comprise the step of compacting, after the step of described compacting, be exposed to outer described mixture and form a burnishing surface.
In order to reach above-mentioned second object, the technical scheme of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement provided by the invention is as follows:
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement provided by the invention comprises rock mechanics experiment machine, data acquisition module, Drawing of Curve module, comparison module, judge module,
Described rock mechanics experiment machine, for loading different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, provides temperature, confined pressure fixes, the test conditions of pore pressure change;
When described data acquisition module is for obtaining different aperture pressure, axial stress, shear wave, the compressional wave experimental data of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model; With, carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve;
When described Drawing of Curve module is for drawing different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave; With the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of, actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Described comparison module is used for described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch to compare, and the degree of approach of each curve in obtaining described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch;
Described judge module, according to the described degree of approach, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation.
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement provided by the invention also can be applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
As preferably, it is close that the described degree of approach comprises numerical value, and tendency is close.
First For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention prepares different seam hole acid carbonate rock models; Then, fix in temperature, confined pressure, under the condition of pore pressure change, in rock mechanics experiment machine, carry out acousticabsorption test, draw out the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave; Afterwards, then by the curve in carbonate rock actual formation sound wave measuring well curve and this set of curves compare; Finally, carbonate rock actual formation pore pressure is obtained.The method utilizes the experimental data of different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, and carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, can obtain carbonate rock actual formation pore pressure by chart.
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement provided by the invention is on the basis of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention, data acquisition, Drawing of Curve, the degree of approach are compared, pore pressure identification is all automatically realized by computer, not only operating efficiency is higher, and, error manual operation can rejected and compare.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading hereafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefit will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skill in the art.Accompanying drawing only for illustrating the object of preferred embodiment, and does not think limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, represent identical parts by identical reference symbol.In the accompanying drawings:
The flow chart of steps of the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 1;
The flow chart of steps of the preparation method of the seam hole acid carbonate rock model applied in the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 23;
The flow chart of steps of the preparation method of the seam hole acid carbonate rock model applied in the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention 24;
Fig. 4 flows to schematic diagram for the signal of the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement that the embodiment of the present invention 26 provides.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention, for solving prior art Problems existing, provides a kind of For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing and device.
For further setting forth the present invention for the technological means reaching predetermined goal of the invention and take and effect, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing proposed according to the present invention and device, its detailed description of the invention, structure, feature and effect thereof, be described in detail as follows.In the following description, the not necessarily same embodiment that different " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to.In addition, special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiment can be combined by any suitable form.
Term "and/or" herein, being only a kind of incidence relation describing affiliated partner, can there are three kinds of relations in expression, such as, A and/or B, concrete is interpreted as: can include A and B simultaneously, can individualism A, also can individualism B, above-mentioned three kinds of any one situations can be possessed.
Embodiment 1
For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1: prepare different seam hole acid carbonate rock models;
Step 2: different seam hole acid carbonate rock models is placed in rock mechanics experiment machine respectively;
Step 3: fix in temperature, confined pressure, under the condition of pore pressure change, the seam hole acid carbonate rock model utilizing sonic test different, when obtaining different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave;
Step 4: utilize carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, obtains the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Step 5: experiment curv and calibration curve bunch are compared, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of experiment curv in calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of actual carbonate formation.
First For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided by the invention prepares different seam hole acid carbonate rock models; Then, fix in temperature, confined pressure, under the condition of pore pressure change, in rock mechanics experiment machine, carry out acousticabsorption test, draw out the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave; Afterwards, then by the curve in carbonate rock actual formation sound wave measuring well curve and this set of curves compare; Finally, carbonate rock actual formation pore pressure is obtained.The method utilizes the experimental data of different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, and carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, can obtain carbonate rock actual formation pore pressure by chart.
Wherein, the relation between axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave comprises, the relation between axial stress and shear wave, and/or, the relation between axial stress and compressional wave, and/or, the relation between shear wave and compressional wave.
Wherein, for the same pore pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the calibration curve stitching the relation between the axial stress of hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave may be plotted in same chart.In this case, can show the relation between the axial stress of this same seam hole acid carbonate rock model under same pore pressure condition, shear wave, compressional wave in same chart, the result of this chart reflection is abundanter.
Wherein, for the different aperture pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the calibration curve stitching the relation between the axial stress of hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave may be plotted in same chart, and the different legend of different aperture pressure condition is distinguished.In this case, there will be many curves in this chart.Wherein, the relation that what each legend was corresponding is between the axial stress of this seam hole acid carbonate rock model under a certain pore pressure condition, shear wave, compressional wave; These many curves comprehensive, the relation between many curves of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model under different aperture pressure condition can be drawn, thus, can also draw the relation between pore pressure and axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave, and pore pressure is on the impact of axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave.
Wherein, for the same pore pressure condition of difference seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the calibration curve stitching the relation between the axial stress of hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave may be plotted in same chart, and the different legend of different seam hole acid carbonate rock model is distinguished.In this case, there will be many curves in this chart.Wherein, the relation that what every legend was corresponding is between the axial stress of a certain seam hole acid carbonate rock model under this pore pressure condition, shear wave, compressional wave; Comprehensively many curves, the relation between many curves of different seam holes acid carbonate rock model under same pore pressure condition can be drawn, thus, seam hole acid carbonate rock model and axial stress, shear wave, relation between compressional wave can also be drawn, with, seam hole acid carbonate rock model is on the impact of axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave.
Wherein, in same icon, axial stress can be abscissa, and shear wave can be the first ordinate, and compressional wave can be the second ordinate.In this case, axial stress is independent variable, shear wave is the first dependent variable, compressional wave is the second dependent variable, when legend is identical, by the relation between a curve reflection axial stress and shear wave in same chart, the relation between axial stress and compressional wave can be reflected with another curve.Thus, can also draw when axial stress is identical, the relation between shear wave, compressional wave.
Wherein, pore pressure, axial stress, shear wave, P wave data are obtained by data collecting module collected; And/or calibration curve bunch is drawn by Drawing of Curve module and is obtained; And/or experiment curv and calibration curve bunch being compared to be compared by comparison module is obtained; And/or, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of experiment curv in calibration curve bunch is that the pore pressure of actual carbonate formation is obtained by judge module.In this case, data acquisition, Drawing of Curve, the degree of approach are compared, pore pressure identification is all automatically realized by computer, and not only operating efficiency is higher, and, error manual operation can rejected and compare.
Wherein, seam hole acid carbonate rock model is standard specimen, and the diameter of standard specimen is 50mm, is highly 100mm.The sample of this size is the standard specimen carrying out rock mechanics experiment machine, and historical data is also abundanter, more can be had the experimental data of using value.
The seam hole acid carbonate rock model applied in the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing that the embodiment of the present invention 2 ~ 22 provides comprises aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece; The ratio of quality and the number of copies of each component of aggregate is, cement: quartz sand: blanc fixe: water=(2 ~ 3): (1.5 ~ 2.5): (0.5 ~ 1): (0.4 ~ 1); Hole simulating piece is distributed in aggregate; Rockmass fractures simulating piece is also distributed in aggregate.In the present embodiment, cement adopts 425 type portland cements.Wherein, Rockmass fractures simulating piece can be template, or, sketching paper.Wherein, the feature of template is: intensity is high, transparency good, sun-proof, high temperature resistant, hardness is higher, during as the acid carbonate rock Rockmass fractures simulating piece application of seam hole, not yielding; Sketching paper transparency is higher, but intensity is slightly low, and having thin, thick two kinds of specifications can for selecting.Wherein, hole simulating piece can be sphere, and in the present embodiment, sphere is the different granules of polystyrene of particle diameter.
Embodiment 2 ~ 22
Embodiment 23
See accompanying drawing 1, the preparation method of the seam hole acid carbonate rock model applied in the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing that the embodiment of the present invention 23 provides comprises the following steps:
Step 1: aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution; In the present embodiment, in the present embodiment, the mould of use is cylinder stainless steel mould.This stainless steel mould is assembled together by bolt secure rigid by 2 pieces of stainless-steel sheets, forms cylindrical upper and lower 1 bottom surface by 1 block plate, and, 1 peripheral side, vacates above, for adding mixture, form a diameter 50mm, the cylindrical space of high 100mm.
Step 2: leave standstill the scheduled time under predetermined temperature and humidity condition, makes fully physical reactions and chemical reaction to occur between aggregate;
Step 3: remove mould, obtains seam hole acid carbonate rock model.
Embodiment 24
See accompanying drawing 3, the preparation method of the seam hole acid carbonate rock model that the embodiment of the present invention 24 provides is further comprising the steps of:
Before aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution by step 1, also comprise step 10: the step of brushing sliding agent on mould inner wall.In this case, when performing step 3 and namely removing grinding tool, it is easier to be separated between mould with seam hole acid carbonate model.In the present embodiment, sliding agent is lubrication oil, in addition, other can also be selected to have lubrication and brush sliding agent of good performance.
Wherein, aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution and comprise the following steps by step 1:
Step 11: prepare aggregate and hole simulating piece, and fully stir aggregate and hole simulating piece, make aggregate and hole simulating piece form mixture;
Step 12: mixture layering is joined in mould;
Step 13: results of fracture simulation part is joined mixture between layers.
Wherein, when mixture layering joins in mould by step 12, after every layer of mixture has added, also comprise the step that the mixture added is tamped.
Wherein, after the step tamped the mixture added completes, also comprise the step of hacking, thus ensure that the caking property between layering preformed layer is good.
Wherein, be that mode by being paved in a mold by mixture realizes by the step that mixture layering joins in mould.In this case, when arranging Rockmass fractures simulating piece, this Rockmass fractures simulating piece can realize tiling and arrange in mix nitride layer, and Rockmass fractures simulating piece fold can be avoided too much, or, damage.
Wherein, step 1 also comprises step 14: the step struck off by the mixture exceeding model opening surface after aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in the step in a mould according to the regularity of distribution.
Wherein, step 14 also comprises the step that step 15 is smooth after the step that the mixture exceeding model opening surface strikes off being completed.
Wherein, after the step that step 15 is smooth completes, also comprise the step that step 16 is tamped, after the step of compacting, be exposed to outer mixture and form a burnishing surface.
Seam hole provided by the invention acid carbonate rock model can be used in seam hole acid carbonate rock rock mass acoustics and mechanics individual features testing experiment.
The seam hole acid carbonate rock model adopting method provided by the invention to prepare is based on the physico mechanical characteristic of natural seam hole acid carbonate rock, industry CT end face scanning technique is adopted to carry out fine description to its internal construction, crack identification, hole, the structure size such as hole and distributional pattern, the ratio of quality and the number of copies that selection obtains each component of aggregate is, cement: quartz sand: blanc fixe: water=(2 ~ 3): (1.5 ~ 2.5): (0.5 ~ 1): (0.4 ~ 1), and, hole simulating piece and Rockmass fractures simulating piece is mixed in this aggregate, it does not gather the restriction of difficulty by natural magnesium rock salt, can as required by adjustment hole, the content of fractured simulation material makes and obtains specific pore, the regular test block of seam hole distribution.When using it for seam hole acid carbonate rock rock mass acoustics and mechanics individual features testing experiment, avoid and produce testing error due to discontinuity in loading procedure, thus improve the accuracy to experimental test interpretation of result.
Embodiment 25
First need making to be applicable to mould of the present invention and compacting instrument, the visible foregoing teachings of preparation method, does not repeat here.And the template prepared for stitching hole structural simulation and poly-third ethene pellets.
Consider the requirement of the theory of similarity in the rock physics mechanical attribute of fracture-cavity type carbonate and physical simulation experiment, choose cement, quartz sand and blanc fixe as aggregate, and quality proportioning is cement: quartz sand: blanc fixe: water=1.6:1.5:0.4: 0.4.Manufacturing process is as follows:
(1) according to the making needs of moulded dimension, take 42.5 portland cements of 32kg successively, the quartz sand of 30kg, the blanc fixe of 8kg, put into batcher mix even;
(2) carbonate rock rock mass porous material is simulated: polystyrene particles, to be less than between 2mm and 2mm to 5mm two kinds, two kinds of particle diameter proportionings calculate by 2: 1, prepare the model sample that degree of porosity is 8%, measure the polystyrene particles 8mL that diameter is less than 2mm, measure the polystyrene particles 1250mL of diameter 2mm to 5mm, join mix in batcher even;
(3) take the pure water of 0.08kg, pour in batcher, continue to stir, form the model charge that can be used for laying;
(4) get appropriate model mix and be poured into diameter 50mm, in the cylinder stainless steel mould of high 100mm, evenly pave;
(5) tamp with homemade compacting instrument;
(6) according to the fracture orientation of model sample inner setting and the length of setting, cutting is carried out to template, then carrying out prefabricated crack with cutter to tamping sample, putting into template, then add a small amount of mix prefabricated crack is filled;
(7) and then tamp, and with cutter the surface after compacting gently scraped and carry out plane hair;
(8) continue to adopt adds, pave, prefabricated crack, the method that adds template, reinforced, compacting and dig hair make subsequent layers until model charge exceeds the upper surface of mould;
(9) raw material exceeding mould upper surface is struck off, and carry out smooth, make upper surface form a plane;
(10) mould of the cast material that pre-formed joint hole has been housed being placed into constant temperature is 25 DEG C ", relative humidity is maintenance in the environment of 90%.After 24 hours, removed by mould, obtain shaping diameter 50mm, the cylinder model sample of high 100mm, can see Fig. 2.Keep identical temperature, wet condition, maintenance, after 28 days, is fixed for temperature, confined pressure, acoustic response characteristic test under different aperture pressure break.
The embodiment of the present invention 25 provide for lab simulation carbonate porosity, seam hole rock mass acoustics and mechanical test test the preparation method of model of geological structure body, simulating carbonate rock by selecting the raw material similar to the physico mechanical characteristic of natural magnesium rock salt makes containing preset bearing, the crack of length and certain porosity model, the restriction grasped is not difficult to by natural magnesium rock salt internal construction, can be made by mould as required and obtain different fractue spacing, the regular test cube of different aperture degree, avoid the otherness of each sample internal construction of natural magnesium rock salt, thus the accuracy that improve final test result analysis.The embodiment of the present invention 25 by change the particle diameter of poly-third ethene particle in material, content and simulation fracture number number, orientation and length analyzes Different factor to the response characteristic rule under acoustics and mechanics acting in conjunction, avoid the interference to result of the test that the discreteness due to natural sample physical mechanics attribute causes to occur, be conducive to comparing analysis to result of the test, provide practicality of the present invention.Step of the present invention is clear and definite, simple, both reduces testing expenses, and further provides test efficiency, and ensure that the accuracy of test data of experiment simultaneously.
Embodiment 26
The For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement that the embodiment of the present invention 26 provides comprises rock mechanics experiment machine, data acquisition module, Drawing of Curve module, comparison module, judge module,
Rock mechanics experiment machine, for loading different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, provides temperature, confined pressure fixes, the test conditions of pore pressure change;
When data acquisition module is for obtaining different aperture pressure, axial stress, shear wave, the compressional wave experimental data of each seam hole acid carbonate rock model; With, carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve;
When Drawing of Curve module is for drawing different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave; With the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of, actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Comparison module is used for experiment curv and calibration curve bunch to compare, and the degree of approach of each curve in obtaining experiment curv and calibration curve bunch;
Judge module, according to the degree of approach, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of experiment curv in calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of actual carbonate formation.
In the present embodiment, rock mechanics experiment machine is MTS815.03 type pressure test system is produced by American MTS company, be mainly used in the conventional mechanical test of the electro-hydraulic servo control of the material such as rock, concrete, be furnished with servo-controlled full-automatic three axle pressurization and measuring systems.
On the basis of the For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement that the embodiment of the present invention 26 provides arbitrary For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing provided in the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 25, data acquisition, Drawing of Curve, the degree of approach are compared, pore pressure identification is all automatically realized by computer, not only operating efficiency is higher, and, error manual operation can rejected and compare.
Wherein, it is close that the degree of approach comprises numerical value, and tendency is close.By these two dimensions, can ensure to select out immediate For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation.Thus ensure that the accuracy of result of the test.
Although describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art once obtain the basic creative concept of cicada, then can make other change and amendment to these embodiments.So claims are intended to be interpreted as comprising preferred embodiment and falling into all changes and the amendment of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Prepare different seam hole acid carbonate rock models;
Described different seam hole acid carbonate rock model is placed in rock mechanics experiment machine respectively;
Fix in temperature, confined pressure, under the condition of pore pressure change, utilize seam hole acid carbonate rock models different described in sonic test, when obtaining different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave;
Utilize carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve, obtain the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch are compared, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation.
2. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, relation between described axial stress, shear wave, compressional wave comprises, relation between axial stress and shear wave, and/or, relation between axial stress and compressional wave, and/or, the relation between shear wave and compressional wave.
3. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for the same pore pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart.
4. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for the different aperture pressure condition of same seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart, and the different legend of described different aperture pressure condition is distinguished.
5. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, for the same pore pressure condition of difference seam hole acid carbonate rock model, the Specification Curve of Increasing of the relation between the axial stress of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave is in same chart, and the different legend of described difference seam hole acid carbonate rock model is distinguished.
6., according to described For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing arbitrary in claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterized in that, in described same icon, described axial stress is abscissa, and described shear wave is the first ordinate, and described compressional wave is the second ordinate.
7. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pore pressure, axial stress, shear wave, P wave data are obtained by data collecting module collected; And/or described calibration curve bunch is drawn by Drawing of Curve module and is obtained; And/or described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch being compared to be compared by comparison module is obtained; And/or, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is that the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation is obtained by judge module.
8. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, seam hole acid carbonate rock model is standard specimen, and the diameter of described standard specimen is 50mm, is highly 100mm;
As preferably, described seam hole acid carbonate rock model comprises aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece;
The ratio of quality and the number of copies of each component of described aggregate is, cement: quartz sand: blanc fixe: water=(2 ~ 3): (1.5 ~ 2.5): (0.5 ~ 1): (0.4 ~ 1);
Described hole simulating piece is distributed in described aggregate;
Described Rockmass fractures simulating piece is also distributed in described aggregate;
As preferably, described Rockmass fractures simulating piece is template, or, sketching paper;
As preferably, described hole simulating piece is sphere;
As preferably, described sphere is the different granules of polystyrene of particle diameter.
9. For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation method of testing according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described seam hole acid carbonate rock model comprises the following steps:
Described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution;
Under predetermined temperature and humidity condition, leave standstill the scheduled time, make fully physical reactions and chemical reaction to occur between described aggregate;
Remove described mould, obtain described seam hole acid carbonate rock model;
As preferably, before described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in the step in a mould according to the regularity of distribution, be also included in the step of brushing sliding agent on described mould inner wall;
As preferably, described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in a mould according to the regularity of distribution and comprise the following steps:
Prepare described aggregate and hole simulating piece, and fully stir described aggregate and hole simulating piece, make described aggregate and hole simulating piece form mixture;
Described mixture layering is joined in described mould;
Described results of fracture simulation part is joined described mixture between layers;
As preferably, when described mixture layering being joined in described mould, after every layer of described mixture has added, also comprise the step that the described mixture added is tamped;
As preferably, after the step tamped the described mixture added completes, also comprise the step of hacking;
As preferably, be that the mode by being paved in the mold by described mixture realizes by the described mixture layering step joined in described mould;
As preferably, after described aggregate, hole simulating piece, Rockmass fractures simulating piece are filled in the step in a mould according to the regularity of distribution, also comprise the step struck off by the mixture exceeding described model opening surface;
As preferably, after the step that the mixture exceeding described model opening surface strikes off being completed, also comprise smooth step;
As preferably, after described smooth step completes, also comprise the step of compacting, after the step of described compacting, be exposed to outer described mixture and form a burnishing surface.
10. a For Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation testing arrangement, is characterized in that, comprises rock mechanics experiment machine, data acquisition module, Drawing of Curve module, comparison module, judge module,
Described rock mechanics experiment machine, for loading different seam hole acid carbonate rock models, provides temperature, confined pressure fixes, the test conditions of pore pressure change;
When described data acquisition module is for obtaining different aperture pressure, axial stress, shear wave, the compressional wave experimental data of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model; With, carbonate formation sound wave measuring well curve;
When described Drawing of Curve module is for drawing different aperture pressure, the calibration curve bunch be made up of the relation between the axial stress of each described seam hole acid carbonate rock model, shear wave, compressional wave; With the experiment curv of the relation between the axial stress of, actual carbonate formation, shear wave, compressional wave;
Described comparison module is used for described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch to compare, and the degree of approach of each curve in obtaining described experiment curv and described calibration curve bunch;
Described judge module, according to the described degree of approach, assert that the formation pore pressure of seam hole acid carbonate rock model corresponding with the immediate curve of described experiment curv in described calibration curve bunch is the pore pressure of described actual carbonate formation;
As preferably, it is close that the described degree of approach comprises numerical value, and tendency is close.
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