CN113525610B

CN113525610B - Ice breaking device for ship travelling

Info

Publication number: CN113525610B
Application number: CN202110647719.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宏波; 王红冉; 付昭斌; 李荣辉; 曾媛; 孙珽
Original assignee: Guangdong Ocean University
Current assignee: Guangdong Ocean University
Priority date: 2020-12-11
Filing date: 2020-12-11
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-11
Also published as: CN113525610A; WO2022122049A1; LU501255B1; CN112550573A; CN112550573B

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice breaking device for ship traveling, which comprises a ship body and two ice breaking mechanisms, wherein mounting grooves are formed in the two sides of the front end of the ship body, and the two ice breaking mechanisms for breaking ice on an ice surface of the ship body are respectively mounted in the two mounting grooves.

Description

Ice breaking device for ship travelling

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of icebreakers, in particular to an icebreaker for ship advancing.

Background

With the development of science and technology, people have expanded from land to sea, the ship manufacturing industry is more and more developed and undertakes the transportation between continents, but the ship is particularly difficult to manufacture, particularly an icebreaker needs to undertake the ice breaking work, at present, the water level of an internal ballast tank is adjusted to enable the bow to upwarp and to upwarp to crush the ice surface, so that although ice can be broken, equipment on the ship can shake left and right, particularly scientific instruments are easy to damage, and the scientific investigation work is a great challenge; the existing icebreaker belongs to special ship equipment, only undertakes the task of ice breaking, has single function, and a common ship generally has no ice breaking device, can only depend on the icebreaker to break ice or passively wait for ice to melt when encountering ice, and seriously influences the navigation of the ship.

At present, a heavy object is used for smashing ice in the ice breaking method, but the ice layer is difficult to break and low in ice smashing efficiency only in the ice smashing mode due to the fact that the ice layer is thick, and therefore the ice breaking device for ship advancing is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ice breaking device for ship travelling, which can optimize an ice breaking step and improve ice breaking efficiency, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the ice breaking device for ship marching comprises a ship body and two ice breaking mechanisms, wherein mounting grooves are formed in two sides of the front end of the ship body, and the two ice breaking mechanisms are used for breaking ice on the ice surface of the ship body and are respectively mounted in the two mounting grooves.

Preferably, the mechanism that opens ice includes the live-rollers, live-rollers one end is passed through the bearing and is connected with the mounting groove inner wall rotation, and the outer end is fixed with the piece that opens ice, this internal installation of boats and ships is used for live-rollers pivoted drive device, and the live-rollers outside is fixed with the striking subassembly of installing in the mounting groove inboard, constructs the damage of realizing the ice sheet through opening ice.

Preferably, the piece that opens ice includes the connecting plate, connecting plate one end is fixed in the live-rollers outside, and the other end passes through the bearing and rotates to peg graft and have the connecting axle, the live-rollers and the connecting roller outside are fixed with drive gear and driven gear respectively, and drive gear and driven gear outside meshing cover have connect first profile of tooth area, the connecting axle outer end is fixed with the wheel that opens ice, the connecting plate outside slides to peg graft and has the arc pole, and the arc pole tail end is fixed with the stopper, and the other end is fixed with the fixed block fixed with the mounting groove inner wall, arc pole outside cover has the extrusion spring, and the extrusion spring both ends contact with connecting plate and fixed block respectively, through the extrusion spring in the piece that opens ice to the realization is to the contact all the time of ice surface, makes the effect of opening ice better.

Preferably, the striking subassembly includes the bracing piece, bracing piece one end is passed through the bearing and is connected with the mounting groove inner wall rotation, and bracing piece outside cover has the winding, bracing piece outer end and live-rollers outer end all are fixed with the linkage gear, and linkage gear outside cover has intermeshing's second profile of tooth area, the striking piece is installed to the mounting groove inboard, and strikes the piece and is connected with the winding, realizes pounding the impact to ice surface circulation through the striking subassembly to realize the processing of breaking ice.

Preferably, striking piece includes the C template, the C template outside is fixed with the movable block, and slides in the movable block and peg graft and have the carriage release lever fixed with the mounting groove inner wall, the inboard track pole that is fixed with of C template, and the track pole outside slip has cup jointed the connecting block to be fixed with the heavy object through the connecting block, the heavy object top is fixed with the connection rope, and connects the rope and fix with the winding outside, it has the joint mouth to open on the C template, and the mounting groove internal fixation have with the joint spare of joint mouth looks adaptation, realizes the control to the heavy object through striking piece to the realization strikes to pounding of ice surface.

Preferably, the winding piece includes a taper sleeve, a winding barrel and a limiting plate, the taper sleeve and the winding barrel are all slidably sleeved outside the supporting rod, the limiting plate is fixed at the outer end of the supporting rod, a reset spring is sleeved outside the supporting rod, two ends of the reset spring are respectively in contact with the winding barrel and the limiting plate, the outer side of the winding barrel is fixed with the connecting rope, an adjusting cavity is formed in the winding barrel, a plurality of limiting grooves are formed in one side of the adjusting cavity, a plurality of limiting strips clamped with the limiting grooves are fixed on the outer side of the supporting rod, a trapezoidal block matched with the outer side of the taper sleeve is fixed at the top of the C-shaped plate, and the winding piece is used for slowly lifting a heavy object and then smashing the heavy object by a free falling body.

Preferably, joint spare includes telescopic link and trapezoidal plate, telescopic link one end is fixed with the mounting groove inner wall, and the other end and trapezoidal plate sliding connection, telescopic link outside cover has the joint spring, and joint spring both ends respectively with joint mouth joint, the chamfer with trapezoidal plate inclined plane end looks adaptation is all opened to joint mouth outer end and connecting block bottom, through joint spare and joint mouth joint to can realize spacing to the C template.

Preferably, the bottom of the C-shaped plate is fixedly provided with a conical nail which plays a role in ice breaking.

Preferably, the ship is provided with a ship ice breaking device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the ice breaking piece in the ice breaking mechanism is matched with the impact assembly, so that the ice surface is pre-cut and damaged, the thickness of the ice layer is reduced, and then the ice surface is impacted by the free falling body of the heavy object, so that the ice surface is broken.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ice breaking mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an icebreaker according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the impact assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the impact assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of a wrapping member in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 6 at B.

In the figure: 1-a ship body; 2-mounting grooves; 3-an ice breaking mechanism; 4-rotating the roller; 5-an ice-breaking piece; 6-an impact assembly; 7-a connecting plate; 8-a connecting shaft; 9-conical nail; 10-a drive gear; 11-a driven gear; 12-a first toothed belt; 13-an ice breaking wheel; 14-an arc-shaped rod; 15-a limiting block; 16-fixing block; 17-a compression spring; 18-a support bar; 19-a winding member; 20-a linkage gear; 21-a second toothed belt; 22-a striker; 23-C type plates; 24-a moving block; 25-a moving rod; 26-track rod; 27-connecting blocks; 28-weight; 29-connecting ropes; 30-a card interface; 31-a clip; 32-a tapered sleeve; 33-a winding drum; 34-a limiting plate; 35-a return spring; 36-a conditioning chamber; 37-a limiting groove; 38-a stop bar; 39-trapezoidal blocks; 40-a telescopic rod; 41-trapezoidal plate; 42-snap spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the illustrated ice breaking device for ship traveling includes a ship body 1 and two ice breaking mechanisms 3, wherein both sides of the front end of the ship body 1 are provided with mounting grooves 2, and the two ice breaking mechanisms 3 for breaking ice on the ice surface of the ship body 1 are respectively mounted in the two mounting grooves 2.

The ice breaking mechanism 3 comprises a rotating roller 4, one end of the rotating roller 4 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 through a bearing, an ice breaking piece 5 is fixed at the outer end of the rotating roller, driving equipment for rotating the rotating roller 4 is installed in the ship body 1, the driving equipment is installed in the ship body 1, the rotating roller 4 can be driven to rotate by adopting equipment such as an existing driving motor, and an impact assembly 6 installed on the inner side of the mounting groove 2 is fixed on the outer side of the rotating roller 4;

wherein the ice breaking piece 5 comprises a connecting plate 7, one end of the connecting plate 7 is fixed at the outer side of the rotating roller 4, and the other end is rotatably inserted with a connecting shaft 8 through a bearing, the outer sides of the rotating roller 4 and the connecting shaft 8 are respectively fixed with a driving gear 10 and a driven gear 11, and the outer sides of the driving gear 10 and the driven gear 11 are engaged and sleeved with a first toothed belt 12, the outer end of the connecting shaft 8 is fixed with an ice breaking wheel 13, an arc-shaped rod 14 is inserted outside the connecting plate 7 in a sliding way, the center of the arc-shaped rod 14 is consistent with the axle center of the rotating roller 4, a limiting block 15 is fixed at the tail end of the arc-shaped rod 14, a fixing block 16 fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 is fixed at the other end of the arc-shaped rod 14, an extrusion spring 17 is sleeved outside the arc-shaped rod 14, and the two ends of the extrusion spring 17 are respectively contacted with the connecting plate 7 and the fixing block 16, and the extrusion spring 17 can enable the ice breaking wheel 13 to always rub against the ice surface, so that the efficiency of cutting the uneven ice surface is higher.

Principle of pre-cutting ice surface: at first, provide power through the drive arrangement in the boats and ships body 1 to drive live-rollers 4 and rotate, through mutually supporting of drive gear 10, driven gear 11 and first toothed belt 12, thereby realize rotating the wheel 13 that opens ice and polish the cutting to the ice surface, thereby effectually cut the damage to the ice sheet, reduce the thickness on ice sheet, utilize extrusion spring 17's extrusion simultaneously, make the wheel 13 that opens ice can polish on unevenness's ice surface.

In addition, the impact assembly 6 comprises a supporting rod 18, one end of the supporting rod 18 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 through a bearing, a winding piece 19 is sleeved outside the supporting rod 18, linkage gears 20 are fixed at the outer ends of the supporting rod 18 and the outer end of the rotating roller 4 respectively, second toothed belts 21 which are meshed with each other are sleeved outside the linkage gears 20, an impact piece 22 is installed on the inner side of the mounting groove 2, the impact piece 22 is connected with the winding piece 19, and the second toothed belts 21 are matched with the two linkage gears 20 mutually, so that the supporting rod 18 is driven to rotate in a linkage manner;

the striking part 22 comprises a C-shaped plate 23, a moving block 24 is fixed on the outer side of the C-shaped plate 23, a moving rod 25 fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 is inserted in the moving block 24 in a sliding mode, a track rod 26 is fixed on the inner side of the C-shaped plate 23, a connecting block 27 is sleeved on the outer side of the track rod 26 in a sliding mode, a heavy object 28 is fixed through the connecting block 27, a connecting rope 29 is fixed on the top of the heavy object 28, the connecting rope 29 is fixed on the outer side of the winding part 19, a clamping opening 30 is formed in the C-shaped plate 23, a clamping part 31 matched with the clamping opening 30 is fixed in the mounting groove 2, and the heavy object 28 is used for free falling motion, so that ice can be knocked, and ice breaking is realized;

meanwhile, the winding piece 19 comprises a conical sleeve 32, a winding barrel 33 and a limit plate 34, the conical sleeve 32 and the winding barrel 33 are both slidably sleeved on the outer side of the support rod 18, the limit plate 34 is fixed at the outer end of the support rod 18, a return spring 35 is sleeved on the outer side of the support rod 18, two ends of the return spring 35 are respectively in contact with the winding barrel 33 and the limit plate 34, the outer side of the winding barrel 33 is fixed with the connecting rope 29, an adjusting cavity 36 is formed in the winding barrel 33, a plurality of limit grooves 37 are formed in one side of the adjusting cavity 36, a plurality of limit strips 38 clamped with the limit grooves 37 are fixed on the outer side of the support rod 18, the support rod 18 drives the winding barrel 33 to rotate through the clamping of the limit strips 38 and the limit grooves 37, on the contrary, the winding barrel 33 can rotate on the support rod 18, and a trapezoidal block 39 matched with the outer side of the conical sleeve 32 is fixed on the top of the C-shaped plate 23;

in addition, joint spare 31 includes telescopic link 40 and

trapezoidal plate

41, 2 inner walls in telescopic link 40 one end and the mounting groove are fixed, and the other end and trapezoidal plate 41 sliding connection, the cover has joint spring 42 in the 40 outside of telescopic link, and joint spring 42 both ends respectively with joint interface 30 joint, the chamfer of 41 inclined plane end looks adaptations of trapezoidal plate has all been opened to joint interface 30 outer end and connecting block 27 bottom.

The principle of circularly smashing and hitting polished damaged ice surfaces is as follows: when the rotating roller 4 rotates, the two linkage gears 20 and the second toothed belt 21 are mutually matched, so that the supporting rod 18 is linked to rotate, the winding drum 33 is driven to rotate, the connecting rope 29 is wound on the outer side by the winding drum 33, the heavy object 28 is slowly lifted, after the heavy object 28 is contacted with the top of the C-shaped plate 23, the C-shaped plate 23 is driven to move upwards, the trapezoidal blocks 39 on the C-shaped plate 23 are in contact extrusion with the conical sleeves 32, and are clamped with the clamping ports 30 through the trapezoidal plates 41 in the clamping pieces 31, so that the C-shaped plate 23 keeps the height, the conical sleeves 32 move towards the outer side of the supporting rod 18, the limiting grooves 37 in the winding drum 33 are separated from the limiting strips 38, and start to move downwards in a free falling body under the action of the weight 28, the bottom of the weight is contacted with the C-shaped plate 23, and is contacted with the inclined plane ends of the trapezoidal plates 41 through the connecting blocks 27, so that the trapezoidal plates 41 are separated from the clamping ports 30, drive C template 23 and pound downwards to the ice face, realize carrying out the processing of breaking ice to the ice face after the damage of being polished by wheel 13 that opens ice, improve the efficiency of breaking ice, pound the back, under reset spring 35's effect, promote winding drum 33 and reset for spacing groove 37 again with spacing strip 38 joint, and promote slowly to heavy object 28 in the circulation, thereby realize the circulation and pound the ice.

In addition, in order to improve the ice breaking effect, a conical nail 9 is fixed at the bottom of the C-shaped plate 23.

In addition, a ship is provided with a ship ice breaking device.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The ship marchs with device that opens ice, its characterized in that includes:

the ship comprises a ship body (1), wherein mounting grooves (2) are formed in two sides of the front end of the ship body (1);

the two ice breaking mechanisms (3) are used for breaking ice on the ice surface of the ship body (1), and the two ice breaking mechanisms (3) are respectively arranged in the two mounting grooves (2);

the ice breaking mechanism (3) comprises a rotating roller (4), one end of the rotating roller (4) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) through a bearing, an ice breaking piece (5) is fixed at the outer end of the rotating roller, driving equipment for rotating the rotating roller (4) is installed in the ship body (1), and an impact assembly (6) installed on the inner side of the mounting groove (2) is fixed on the outer side of the rotating roller (4);

the ice breaking piece (5) comprises a connecting plate (7), one end of the connecting plate (7) is fixed on the outer side of the rotating roller (4), and the other end is rotatably inserted with a connecting shaft (8) through a bearing, the outer sides of the rotating roller (4) and the connecting shaft (8) are respectively fixed with a driving gear (10) and a driven gear (11), and the outer sides of the driving gear (10) and the driven gear (11) are engaged and sleeved with a first toothed belt (12), an ice breaking wheel (13) is fixed at the outer end of the connecting shaft (8), an arc-shaped rod (14) is inserted and connected in a sliding manner at the outer side of the connecting plate (7), a limiting block (15) is fixed at the tail end of the arc-shaped rod (14), a fixing block (16) fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) is fixed at the other end of the arc-shaped rod, an extrusion spring (17) is sleeved outside the arc-shaped rod (14), two ends of the extrusion spring (17) are respectively contacted with the connecting plate (7) and the fixed block (16);

the impact assembly (6) comprises a supporting rod (18), one end of the supporting rod (18) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) through a bearing, a winding piece (19) is sleeved on the outer side of the supporting rod (18), linkage gears (20) are fixed on the outer ends of the supporting rod (18) and the outer end of the rotating roller (4), second toothed belts (21) which are meshed with each other are sleeved on the outer sides of the linkage gears (20), an impact piece (22) is mounted on the inner side of the mounting groove (2), and the impact piece (22) is connected with the winding piece (19);

the impact part (22) comprises a C-shaped plate (23), a moving block (24) is fixed on the outer side of the C-shaped plate (23), a moving rod (25) fixed with the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) is inserted in the moving block (24) in a sliding mode, a track rod (26) is fixed on the inner side of the C-shaped plate (23), a connecting block (27) is sleeved on the outer side of the track rod (26) in a sliding mode, a heavy object (28) is fixed through the connecting block (27), a connecting rope (29) is fixed on the top of the heavy object (28), the connecting rope (29) is fixed on the outer side of the winding part (19), a clamping opening (30) is formed in the C-shaped plate (23), and a clamping part (31) matched with the clamping opening (30) is fixed in the mounting groove (2);

the method for pre-cutting the ice surface by the ship ice breaking device comprises the following steps: firstly, power is provided through driving equipment in a ship body (1) to drive a rotating roller (4) to rotate, an ice breaking wheel (13) is rotated to polish and cut an ice surface through mutual matching of a driving gear (10), a driven gear (11) and a first toothed belt (12), and meanwhile, the ice breaking wheel (13) can polish on the ice surface through extrusion of an extrusion spring (17);

the upper end and the lower end of the track rod (26) are respectively connected with the inner side surfaces of upper and lower plate bodies horizontally arranged on the C-shaped plate (23).

2. The ice breaking device for ship traveling according to claim 1, characterized in that: winding piece (19) are including toper cover (32), a winding section of thick bamboo (33) and limiting plate (34), toper cover (32) and a winding section of thick bamboo (33) all slide to cup joint in bracing piece (18) outside, and limiting plate (34) are fixed at bracing piece (18) outer end, bracing piece (18) outside cover has reset spring (35), and reset spring (35) both ends respectively with winding section of thick bamboo (33) and limiting plate (34) contact, the winding section of thick bamboo (33) outside is fixed with connecting rope (29), and has seted up regulation chamber (36) in winding section of thick bamboo (33), it has a plurality of spacing grooves (37) to adjust chamber (36) one side, and is fixed with a plurality of spacing strips (38) of joint mutually with spacing groove (37) in bracing piece (18) outside, C template (23) top is fixed with trapezoidal piece (39) of toper cover (32) outside looks adaptation.

3. The ice breaking device for ship traveling according to claim 2, wherein: joint spare (31) include telescopic link (40) and trapezoidal plate (41), telescopic link (40) one end is fixed with mounting groove (2) inner wall, and the other end and trapezoidal plate (41) sliding connection, telescopic link (40) outside cover has joint spring (42), and joint spring (42) both ends respectively with joint interface (30) joint, joint interface (30) outer end and connecting block (27) bottom all open have with trapezoidal plate (41) inclined plane end chamfer of looks adaptation.

4. The ice breaking device for ship traveling according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the C-shaped plate (23) is fixed with a conical nail (9).