CN113519824A - 高甜度、低热量的复合甜味剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
高甜度、低热量的复合甜味剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113519824A CN113519824A CN202010303399.6A CN202010303399A CN113519824A CN 113519824 A CN113519824 A CN 113519824A CN 202010303399 A CN202010303399 A CN 202010303399A CN 113519824 A CN113519824 A CN 113519824A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备方法和由所述方法获得的复合甜味剂。本发明的方法解决了现有技术方法中由于混合不均匀而导致的甜度不一致影响消费者口感的问题,而且大大降低了生产成本,节约了能源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品添加剂领域,具体地涉及复合甜味剂领域,更具体地,涉及复合甜味剂的制备方法,根据本发明的制备方法,能够获得甜度稳定、成本降低的包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂。
背景技术
甜味剂在食品加工领域应用广泛,按照甜味剂的来源可分类为天然甜味剂和人工合成甜味剂。天然甜味剂如蔗糖、果糖、蜂蜜等甜味自然纯正被大众所认可,无不良味,但是由于具有一定的热量,长期大量食用会产生一系列弊端,比如龋齿、肥胖等。人工合成的甜味剂如糖精钠、安赛蜜、甜蜜素、阿斯巴甜等,具有甜度倍数高、无热量、非龋齿等优点,人工合成的甜味剂通常单独或复配使用可代替部分或全部蔗糖,降低产品的热量,提供良好的口感,并大大降低产品的成本。但人工合成的甜味剂也存在一定的缺陷,比如味道不纯,具有苦涩味和金属味等,并且安全性备受争议,因此使得它们的应用受限。
一种人工合成的甜味剂,三氯蔗糖,又名蔗糖素,化学名4,1’,6’-三氯-4,1’,6’-三脱氧半乳型蔗糖,与其它人工合成的甜味剂相比,具有很多无可比拟的优越性质,例如,甜度高,是蔗糖的500-600倍,口味纯正,甜味特征曲线几乎与蔗糖重叠,热量值极低,不会引起肥胖和龋齿,高度安全,经过长期的毒理性、药理性试验证明了其高度安全性。此外,三氯蔗糖具有良好的溶解性和稳定性,耐酸碱,耐高温,从而成为当今较为理想的极具有竞争力的人工合成的甜味剂。
复合甜味剂是指将两种或两种以上天然的和/或人工合成的甜味剂复合使用的一类甜味剂,以达到增强甜味和风味、弥补或掩盖不良口味的目的,它可全部或部分代替蔗糖应用于食品加工领域。理想的复合甜味剂的要求是:完全无毒、甜味纯正与蔗糖相似、低热值或无热值、稳定性高、不致龋和价格合理。
三氯蔗糖作为有竞争力的人工合成甜味剂常常与蔗糖一起被用于复合甜味剂中,该复合甜味剂一方面可以降低单独使用蔗糖时的热量,另一方面可以在不损失口感和安全性的前提下,大大降低成本。然而,由于三氯蔗糖的甜度大,与蔗糖相比在相同甜度下,需要的三氯蔗糖为微量,现有技术中存在的问题是三氯蔗糖很难准确称量,使用便捷性程度降低,并且过量三氯蔗糖应用于固体或液体食品中易引起产品质构、粘度和体积等方面的显著变化。目前市场上在制备三氯蔗糖和蔗糖的复合甜味剂的工艺中,是采用蔗糖和三氯蔗糖等两种或多种粉剂混合后造粒,由于蔗糖自身有一定的粘度,粉碎时颗粒无法过细,而且从理论上讲两种物料研磨的越细混合的越均匀,但由于物料的粘度特性和机械性能的限制,很难达到理想细度,所以两种糖混合不均匀,就会造成局部三氯蔗糖含量高,特别是三氯蔗糖甜度是蔗糖的600倍,就会造成复合糖质量不稳定,影响用户使用。
现有技术中相应的改进工艺包括将蔗糖和三氯蔗糖按一定比例混合制成水溶液,然后进行喷雾造粒。然而,由于需要将成品蔗糖再次溶解之后与三氯蔗糖水溶液混合,从而造成了蔗糖的重复加工,生产成本大大提高,造成能源的浪费。
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明人经过大量研究和实验,提出了一种关于包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的新型制备方法。本发明的制备方法不仅解决了现有技术方法中由于混合不均匀而导致的甜度不一致影响消费者口感的问题,而且大大降低了生产成本,节约了能源。根据本发明的方法制备的复合甜味剂质量稳定、甜度均衡、成本低廉并且用途广泛。
发明内容
本发明提供一种包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将三氯蔗糖加入到蔗糖浓缩液中,并搅拌均匀;
(2)干燥步骤(1)中的溶液,以形成复合甜味剂的颗粒。
本发明的复合甜味剂的制备方法的一个特别优选和有利的方面是在于与蔗糖生产工艺的结合。在蔗糖的生产工艺中,通常包括将甘蔗进行榨汁、澄清、蒸发浓缩、结晶、分蜜、干燥、筛分、包装和入库等工序。本发明人出人意料地发现,当在蔗糖的生产工艺中在进行蒸发步骤之后和在将蔗糖浓缩液进行结晶之前,从该生产工艺中分出一个分支或者全部地取出蔗糖浓缩液,按照特定的比例加入三氯蔗糖,待充分溶解混合均匀后再进行干燥,例如喷雾造粒干燥,可以避免现有技术中混合不均匀的问题,并由于避免了按照现有技术的制备工艺中蔗糖的重复加工的问题,大大降低了成本和节约了能源。而且在产品中保留了甘蔗自身固有的营养成分。
本发明还涉及通过上述制备方法制得的复合甜味剂。由本发明的方法制得的复合甜味剂可作为替代糖的食品添加剂用于各种食品和饮料中,降低与甜度倍数相对应的含热量,降低肥胖症和心脑血管病的风险。
本发明另外还涉及包含通过上述制备方法制得的复合甜味剂的食品和/或饮料。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的复合甜味剂的生产过程的一个实施方式的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备方法可以是连续过程,也可以是间歇过程。
在本发明的上下文中,对于蔗糖的生产工艺没有特别限制,包括任何已知的蔗糖生产工艺,只要该生产工艺包括获得蔗糖浓缩液的步骤。一般来说,蔗糖的生产工艺包括对甘蔗或甜菜进行榨汁,然后对获得的液体进行提纯脱色,得到蔗糖的浓缩液,之后对蔗糖的浓缩液进行结晶,以及分蜜、干燥、筛分、包装和入库等常规工序。在蔗糖的生产工艺中,对于榨汁后的液体的提纯脱色,可以有多种方法,例如板框过滤、膜过滤、膜浓缩等等,优选地,浓缩后,蔗糖浓缩液中蔗糖的浓度一般在20-80重量%,优选50-75重量%。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,在蔗糖生产工艺中,待浓缩完成后,将该浓缩液进行分流,一部分被导向本发明的包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备工艺中,剩下的一部分继续留在蔗糖的生产工艺中。根据本发明的另一个实施方式,在蔗糖生产工艺中,待浓缩完成后,将全部的浓缩液用于包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备方法。
三氯蔗糖的加入量随所需甜度的要求而改变,没有特别的限制。一般来说,基于该蔗糖浓缩液中的固体的量,三氯蔗糖的加入量的范围优选为0.1-99.9重量%的范围内,也就是说,所述三氯蔗糖与所述蔗糖浓缩液中的固体(包含蔗糖和甘蔗自身固有的多种营养成分如:果糖、葡萄糖、天门冬素、天门冬氨酸、丙氨酸、维生素B1、B2、B6及无机微量元素钙、磷、铁等,总量约占蔗糖的4%左右)的重量比为优选为0.1-99.9重量%,更优选为1-20重量%。
在根据本发明的方法中,可以将三氯蔗糖以固体的形式加入至蔗糖浓缩液中,也可以将三氯蔗糖先溶解到水中,然后以水溶液的形式加入至蔗糖浓缩液中,优选以固体形式加入,并且当以固体形式加入至蔗糖浓缩液中时,进行充分搅拌均匀,再进行后续干燥步骤。
在本发明的方法中,在步骤(1)中,可以另外地将其它甜味剂和/或添加剂加入至所述分支出来的蔗糖浓缩液。所述其它甜味剂选自功能性单糖、功能性低聚糖、多元糖醇、糖苷、二肽类、蛋白质、酮糖和人工合成甜味剂。其中,所述功能性单糖例如是高果糖浆、海藻糖、结晶果糖、L-糖等,所述功能性低聚糖例如是异麦芽酮糖、乳酮糖、棉子糖、还原帕拉金糖、大豆低聚糖、低聚果糖、低聚乳果糖、低聚乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖等,所述多元糖醇例如是赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、异麦芽糖醇、氢化淀粉水解物等,所述糖苷例如是甜菊苷、鼠李糖、甜菊双糖苷、二氢查耳酮、甘草甜素、罗汉果糖苷等,所述二肽类例如是甜味素(阿斯巴甜)、阿力甜、天门东甜等,所述蛋白质例如是索马甜、莫奈林、奇异果素等,所述酮糖例如是阿洛酮糖,所述人工合成甜味剂例如是糖精、甜蜜素、安塞蜜、纽甜等。其中,所述添加剂选自维生素B族和维生素C族。
在根据本发明的方法中,对于步骤(2)的干燥没有特别的限制,任何能脱除糖液中水分的干燥设备均可用于本发明的干燥中,例如喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统、离心干燥系统、耙式干燥、滚筒干燥等,优选喷雾造粒流化床干燥成套工程设备。将按比例要求的糖液和三氯蔗糖混合好以后,按设定的流量泵入已调试正常运转的喷雾造粒流化床成套工程设备中,设定喷雾装置,使喷出的雾滴干燥后的颗粒在7-50目(粒径2800-270微米),优选20-50目(粒径830-270微米)。
用蒸发浓缩后的蔗糖水溶液,根据市场需求加入任何比例的三氯蔗糖,甜度可在蔗糖的1.06-590倍,优选2-100倍调整,再进行喷雾造粒干燥,直接制成高甜度、低热量的复合甜味剂,相对于传统方法用蔗糖和三氯蔗糖混合后制成水溶液,再进行干燥造粒,制成复合糖,省去了纯蔗糖生产过程中,结晶后的5个步骤的重复工作,相对成本大大降低,也显著节省了能源。
根据本发明方法获得的复合甜味剂可以作为食品添加剂用于食品和饮料中,所述食品和饮料的实例包括烘焙产品、巧克力、糖果和蜜饯、口香糖、冰激凌、酸奶、谷物早餐、麦片、布丁、果脯和水果制品、糖浆、番茄酱、色拉酱、婴儿食品、宠物食品、动物饲料、软饮料、果汁、咖啡、茶、运动和能量饮料、以及其他食品和饮料。
实施例
实施例中使用的材料及来源:
三氯蔗糖:盐城捷康三氯蔗糖制造有限公司
喷雾干燥器:型号PWG-20,扬州日发干燥工程有限公司
检测粒度仪器:型号LS-C(111)激光粒度分析仪
实施例1
在1500升带搅拌的反应釜内加入从糖厂蒸发浓缩岗位取来的蔗糖浓缩液1000kg(固含量70%,水30%),加入3.3kg三氯蔗糖,在常温下搅拌30分钟,然后泵入喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统,流量为20升/分,温度65-70摄氏度,设定系统温度68+-1度,随物料不断加入,水分基本全部蒸发(剩余到固体中的水分符合质量标准要求)50分钟后打完物料,在喷雾造粒干燥系统的收集料仓收集物料650.5kg,(喷雾造粒装置设置两道筛,一道20目筛,将大粒从筛上部分出,一道50目筛,将小粒从筛下部筛出)经取样检测,粒度270-830微米,外观呈白色,甜度是蔗糖甜度的3.8倍。剩余筛出的大粒和小粒合并,得52kg,返回到混合调配釜中,待下批使用。干燥过程总收率99.8%。
实施例2
在1500升带搅拌的反应釜内加入从糖厂蒸发浓缩岗位取来的蔗糖浓缩液1000kg(固含量70%,水30%),加入8.33kg三氯蔗糖,在常温下搅拌30分钟,然后泵入喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统,流量为20升/分,温度70摄氏度,随物料不断加入,水分基本全部蒸发(剩余到固体中的水分符合质量标准要求)50分钟后打完物料,在喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统收集料仓收集物料655.8kg,经取样检测,粒径270-830微米,颜色为白色,甜度为蔗糖的8倍。收集粒度不符合要求的颗粒52.1kg,返回到调配釜待下批使用。干燥系统总收率99.9%。
实施例3
在1500升带搅拌的反应釜内加入从糖厂蒸发浓缩岗位取来的蔗糖浓缩液1000kg(固含量70%,水30%),加入100kg三氯蔗糖,在常温下搅拌40分钟,然后泵入喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统,流量为20升/分,温度65-70摄氏度,优选68+-1度,随物料不断加入,水分基本全部蒸发(剩余到固体中的水分符合质量标准要求)55分钟后打完物料,在喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统收集料仓收集物料758.5kg,单批合格品收率94.8%。经取样检测,粒径为270-830微米,颜色为白色,甜度是蔗糖甜度的75倍。剩余粒径不合格的40.4kg,返回调配釜待下批使用。系统总收率99.8%。
经检测,采用本发明的技术方案获得了一种高甜度、低热量的甜味剂,其主要指标如表1所示。
检测项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
颗粒尺寸 | 830-270微米 | 830-270微米 | 830-270微米 |
甜度(与蔗糖对比) | 3.8倍 | 8倍 | 75倍 |
外观 | 白色微颗粒 | 白色微颗粒 | 白色微颗粒 |
甜味剂的稳定性检测是检验甜味剂在一定时间内保证不会变质的能力,将本发明实施例1-3的复合甜味剂产品在常温下贮存两年未出现变质和甜度降低现象,稳定性十分优越。
按照传统方法用成品白糖和三氯蔗糖溶于水,制成一定比例的相应甜度的水溶液,按照实施例1-3的方法制成成品节省了制糖工艺中后5步(结晶,分蜜、干燥、筛分、包装)所发生的费用(据测算后5步约增加制造成本1000元/吨以上,这相当于降低了成品糖总成本的20%。
本发明的复合甜味剂的甜度修饰程度,将根据三氯蔗糖在用量中的调整,通常选择普通蔗糖甜度的1-600倍,优选1.5-100倍,更优选2-50倍,比较适合食品企业的使用需要,根据配方组成,在同样甜度情况下,人们对热量的摄入仅仅是普通蔗糖的1/5-1/50,低糖低热量甜味剂是低卡路里的甜味剂,不会造成血糖显著升高,满足健康人们的需要。本发明的制备方法工艺流程简单易行,适合规模化生产,值得在业内广泛推广应用。
需要理解的是,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,可以作出若干的改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也在本发明所要求保护的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.包含蔗糖和三氯蔗糖的复合甜味剂的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将三氯蔗糖加入到蔗糖浓缩液中,并搅拌均匀;和
(2)干燥步骤(1)中的溶液以形成复合甜味剂颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,所述步骤(1)中的蔗糖浓缩液来自于蔗糖的生产工艺中的全部或一部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其中,所述蔗糖的生产工艺包括对甘蔗或甜菜榨汁、对获得的液体进行提纯脱色以得到所述蔗糖浓缩液、对所述蔗糖浓缩液进行结晶、分蜜、干燥、筛分和包装。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述步骤(1)中的三氯蔗糖以固体的形式或水溶液的形式加入。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的制备方法,通过喷雾干燥进行步骤(2)中的干燥,优选用喷雾造粒流化床干燥系统进行步骤(2)中的干燥。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的制备方法,其中形成的复合甜味剂颗粒的粒径为270-2800微米,优选270-830微米。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤(1)中,进一步将其它甜味剂和/或添加剂加入至所述蔗糖浓缩液中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其中,所述其它甜味剂选自功能性单糖、功能性低聚糖、多元糖醇、糖苷、二肽类、蛋白质、酮糖和人工合成甜味剂,和/或所述添加剂选自维生素B族和维生素C族。
9.根据前述权利要求任一项的制备方法制得的复合甜味剂。
10.食品和/或饮料,所述食品和/或饮料包括根据前述权利要求任一项的制备方法制得的复合甜味剂。
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