CN113510959B

CN113510959B - Extruder capable of automatically changing die

Info

Publication number: CN113510959B
Application number: CN202110451522.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何超; 刘峰
Original assignee: Sichuan Neijiang Xuyuan Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Neijiang Xuyuan Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-26
Filing date: 2021-04-26
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-26
Also published as: CN113510959A

Abstract

The invention discloses an extruder capable of automatically changing dies, which comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, an extrusion forming mechanism for extrusion forming of the workpiece and an automatic die changing mechanism for automatic die changing, wherein the workpiece clamping mechanism is used for clamping the workpiece; the automatic die changing mechanism comprises a back plate and a die mounting plate which is arranged on the back plate and can move relatively along the back plate; the die mounting plate is provided with a plurality of die mounting positions, and the die mounting positions can be operated to the extrusion station by the relative movement between the die mounting plate and the back plate. The extrusion machine with the structure realizes extrusion molding of multiple dies through one extrusion device, avoids the problems of circulation, re-clamping and the like of workpieces among multiple extrusion devices, improves the quality of workpiece molding, saves the production time, improves the production efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

Description

Extruder capable of automatically changing die

Technical Field

The invention relates to an extruder, in particular to an extruder with a die capable of being automatically replaced.

Background

An extruder is an apparatus that performs work-piece forming by extrusion. In general, extrusion molding of a workpiece requires multiple dies to perform multiple extrusion operations to finally complete the molding operation. The existing extruder therefore has the following problems:

1. the investment of a plurality of sets of equipment is large, the energy consumption is high, and the occupied space is huge.

2. The personnel configuration is relatively more, and one procedure needs to be matched with one to two persons.

3. The production rhythm is slow, for example, a product needs four working procedures, raw materials need to be transferred four times, and the raw materials are clamped four times.

4. The positioning accuracy is poor, and the product needs to be clamped again in the transferring process of each procedure, so that accumulated errors are caused.

5. The degree of automation is too low, the operation is complex, the physical effort time of workers is long, and the productivity efficiency is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an extruder capable of automatically changing a die, which is capable of performing extrusion molding by automatically changing a die.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an extruder capable of automatically changing a die comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, an extrusion forming mechanism for extrusion forming of the workpiece and an automatic die changing mechanism for automatic die changing; the automatic die changing mechanism comprises a back plate and a die mounting plate which is arranged on the back plate and can move relatively along the back plate; the die mounting plate is provided with a plurality of die mounting positions, and the die mounting positions can be operated to the extrusion station by the relative movement between the die mounting plate and the back plate.

As an improvement, the die mounting plate and the back plate can slide relatively linearly.

As an improvement, the die mounting plate is in a strip shape and further comprises a rack arranged along the sliding direction of the die mounting plate; the backboard is provided with a driving gear meshed with the rack, and the driving gear is driven to rotate by a driving device. The gear and the rack are matched to drive the die mounting plate to move, so that the movement accuracy is higher.

Preferably, the driving device is a servo motor. The servo motor can be programmed to achieve precise control so that each die on the die mounting plate can be precisely positioned at the extrusion station.

Preferably, a plurality of sliding blocks for bearing the die mounting plate are arranged on the back plate along the sliding direction of the die mounting plate, and sliding grooves are formed in the sliding blocks; a rolling bearing is arranged in the chute.

As an improvement, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a workbench, wherein a sliding rail and a left clamping chuck and a right clamping chuck are arranged on the workbench; at least one of the left clamping chuck and the right clamping chuck can slide along the sliding rail; the left clamping chuck and the right clamping chuck can be mutually closed and spliced into the shape of the workpiece under the drive of the driving device; the device also comprises a proximity switch for sensing the workpiece and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure applied by the clamping chuck to the workpiece; the proximity switch and the pressure sensor are connected with the controller; the driving device is a clamping oil cylinder and further comprises a hydraulic station for controlling the clamping oil cylinder to stretch out and draw back. The workpiece is automatically clamped in place by using the proximity switch and the pressure sensor, and the preset clamping force is provided, so that manual operation is not needed, and the workpiece clamping device is convenient and quick.

Preferably, two ends of a piston rod of the clamping cylinder extend out of the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder, one end of the piston rod is fixed with the clamping chuck, and the other end of the piston rod is provided with an adjusting nut in threaded fit with the clamping chuck. The extending length of the clamping chuck section can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the nut on the piston rod, so that the clamping chuck is used for adapting to workpieces with different specifications and sizes.

As an improvement, the extrusion molding device comprises a fixed die holder which is arranged on the back surface of the workbench and communicated with a central hole on the workbench; the die sleeve moving plate and a plurality of openable die cylinders are arranged on the die sleeve moving plate, and the plurality of die cylinders are driven to be opened and closed by a driving device; the die sleeve moving plate is movably arranged and can convey the die cylinder into the fixed die holder so that the die cylinder is spliced with the fixed die holder; the mold mounting plate is movably arranged, and a mold is fixed on the mold mounting plate; the die mounting plate is driven by the extrusion driving device, and can convey the die into the die cylinder to extrude and shape the workpiece. The whole extrusion molding process is automatically completed without manual intervention, the working efficiency is high, the production quality is stable, the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the economic benefit is improved.

As an improvement, the fixed die holder is arranged vertically, and the die sleeve moving plate is parallel to the fixed die holder; the die cylinders are a die cylinder I and a die cylinder II which are arranged in the up-down direction; a horizontal guide rod which is horizontally arranged is fixed on the workbench, and the die sleeve moving plate can slide left and right along the horizontal guide rod; the die sleeve moving plate is driven to move by a quick die cylinder which is horizontally arranged; the die cylinder I and the die cylinder II are respectively fixed on an upper moving die sleeve and a lower moving die sleeve, and further comprise a vertical guide rod which is vertically arranged, and the moving die sleeves can slide along the vertical guide rod; the driving device is a clamping die cylinder fixedly connected with the upper moving die sleeve and the lower moving die sleeve respectively.

As an improvement, the die mounting plate also comprises a horizontally arranged extrusion guide rod, wherein the die mounting plate can slide along the extrusion guide rod; the extrusion driving device is an extrusion oil cylinder arranged at the rear of the die mounting plate.

The invention has the advantages that: the extrusion machine with the structure realizes extrusion molding of multiple dies through one extrusion device, avoids the problems of circulation, re-clamping and the like of workpieces among multiple extrusion devices, improves the quality of workpiece molding, saves the production time, improves the production efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a workpiece clamping mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the workpiece clamping mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the extrusion mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an extrusion mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an automatic mold changing mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an automatic mold changing mechanism.

The marks in the figure: 101 workbench, 102 slide rail, 103 slide block, 104 clamping chuck, 105 clamping cylinder, 106 adjusting nut, 107 hydraulic station, 108 die mounting plate, 109 mounting base, 110 proximity switch.

202 fixed die holder, 203 die sleeve moving plate, 204 clamping die cylinder, 205 quick die cylinder, 206 horizontal guide rod, 207 vertical guide rod, 208 moving die sleeve, 209 extrusion guide rod, 211 die mounting plate, 212 extrusion cylinder, 213 die cylinder, 214 controller, 215 servo system, 216 hydraulic station

301 backboard, 302 die mounting plate, 303 groove, 304 rack, 305 sliding block, 306 rolling bearing, 307 limiting block, 308 driving gear, 309 servo motor, 310 speed reducer.

400 base, 500 work pieces.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, an extrusion forming mechanism for extrusion forming the workpiece, and an automatic die changing mechanism for automatically changing a die. The above mechanisms are all fixed to the base 400.

Specifically, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a workbench 101, wherein a slide rail 102 and a left clamping chuck 104 and a right clamping chuck 104 are arranged on the workbench 101; specifically, the workbench 101 has a rectangular hollow, and the slide rails 102 are two upper and lower sides and are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the hollow, which are vertically parallel. Also comprises a slide block 103 which is matched with the slide rail 102 to slide, and the clamping chuck 104 is arranged on the slide block 103.

At least one of the left and right clamping chucks 104 can slide along the slide rail 2; the clamping chuck 104 is driven by the driving device to draw together and splice the left clamping chuck 104 and the right clamping chuck 104 into the shape of the workpiece 500; the workpiece 500 may be in a variety of shapes, and one skilled in the art may adapt the chuck 104 to different workpieces 500, and the invention is not limited thereto.

Also included is a proximity switch 110 for sensing the workpiece 500 and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure applied to the workpiece 500 by the chuck 104; the proximity switch 110 and pressure sensor are coupled to a controller 214.

In this embodiment, the driving means is the clamping cylinder 105, and thus it is envisioned that a hydraulic station 216 for controlling the extension and retraction of the clamping cylinder 105 is also included. Preferably, the left and right clamping chucks 104 can slide along the sliding rail 102, and the number of the clamping cylinders 105 is two. For convenience of fixing, mounting bases 109 for mounting the clamping cylinder 105 are provided on both sides of the table 101.

In addition, in this embodiment, two ends of a piston rod of the clamping cylinder 105 extend out of the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 105, one end of the piston rod is fixed with the clamping chuck 104, and the other end is provided with an adjusting nut 106 in threaded fit with the clamping chuck 104.

The pressure sensor may be disposed within the cylinder body of the clamp cylinder 105. A die mounting plate 302 is disposed behind the platen 101, and the proximity switch 110 may be disposed on the die mounting plate 302.

During operation, the clamping chuck 104 is in an open state, at this time, the workpiece 500 enters the clamping chuck 104, a signal is transmitted to the controller after the proximity switch 110 detects the workpiece 500, the controller opens the control valve of the hydraulic station 216, the clamping cylinder 105 is pushed by power hydraulic oil, and the clamping chuck 104 is automatically clamped by matching the sliding block 103 and the sliding rail 102. After the clamping chuck 104 is clamped to the pressure set by the system, the action is stopped, the workpiece 500 is kept clamped, after the processing of the belt product is completed, the hydraulic station 216 is controlled to open a valve, the clamping cylinder 105 is pushed to retract by power hydraulic oil, the clamping chuck 104 is automatically loosened to the pressure set by the system, the action is stopped, and the workpiece 500 is taken out to complete one cycle.

The extrusion forming mechanism comprises a fixed die holder 202 which is arranged on the back surface of the workbench 101 and is communicated with the central hole of the workbench 101; the die sleeve moving plate 203 and a plurality of openable and closable die cylinders 213 arranged on the die sleeve moving plate 203 are also included, and the plurality of die cylinders 213 are driven to be opened and closed by a driving device; the die sleeve moving plate 203 is movably arranged, and can convey the die cylinder 213 into the fixed die holder 202 so that the die cylinder 213 is spliced with the fixed die holder 202; a movably arranged mold mounting plate 302, wherein a mold (not shown in the figure) is fixed on the mold mounting plate 302; the die mounting plate 302 is driven by an extrusion driving device, and can convey the die into the die cylinder 213 to extrude and shape the workpiece 500. In this embodiment, the fixed die holder 202 is vertically disposed, and the die sleeve moving plate 203 is parallel to the fixed die holder 202; the mold 213 is a mold I and a mold II disposed in the up-down direction.

Specifically, a horizontal guide rod 206 is fixed on the table 101, and the die sleeve moving plate 203 can slide left and right along the horizontal guide rod 206. The horizontal guide rods 206 are 4 arranged along four corners of the die sleeve moving plate 203. The die sleeve moving plate 203 is driven to move by a quick die cylinder 205 which is horizontally arranged. The number of the quick cylinders 205 is 2, which are arranged in the left-right direction.

The die cylinder I and the die cylinder II are respectively fixed on an upper moving die sleeve 208 and a lower moving die sleeve 208, and further comprise a vertical guide rod 207 which is vertically arranged, and the moving die sleeves 208 can slide along the vertical guide rod 207. The driving device is a clamping die cylinder 204 fixedly connected with an upper die sleeve 208 and a lower die sleeve 208 respectively. The clamping cylinder 204 is disposed vertically.

The die mounting plate 302 can slide along the extrusion guide rod 209; the squeeze drive is a squeeze cylinder 212 disposed behind a die mounting plate 302. A heat shield 217 is provided between the extrusion ram and the die mounting plate 302. The extrusion guide rods 209 are 4 arranged along four corners of the die mounting plate 302.

In operation, the workpiece 500 is threaded through the central aperture and clamped at its rear end by the workpiece clamping mechanism. The clamping cylinder 204 drives the die cylinder I and the die cylinder II to close and clamp. The quick die cylinder 205 is retracted to drive the die sleeve moving plate 203 to move towards the fixed die holder 202 and be combined with the fixed die holder 202. Then, the extrusion cylinder 212 drives the die mounting plate 302 to move towards the fixed die holder 202, and the die cylinder is matched with the die cylinder 213 to extrude and shape the workpiece 500. After the molding is finished, the extrusion cylinder 212 is retracted, the quick die cylinder 205 is extended to enable the die cylinder 213 to be separated from the fixed die holder 202, and then the upper and lower clamping die cylinders 204 are retracted to enable the die cylinder I and the die cylinder II to be separated to wait for the next extrusion.

The automatic die changing mechanism comprises a back plate 301 and a die mounting plate 302 which is arranged on the back plate 301 and can move relatively along the back plate; the die mounting plate 302 is provided with a plurality of die mounting positions, and the relative movement between the die mounting plate 302 and the back plate 301 can move the die mounting positions to the extrusion station. The die mounting position is a groove 303 arranged on the die mounting plate, and the groove 303 is matched with a convex block on the back of the die; the bottom of the groove is provided with a central threaded hole. The backboard 301 is I-shaped, the die is convenient to replace at the notch, and the backboard is prevented from blocking a central threaded hole in the back of the die mounting plate.

In this embodiment, the die mounting plate 302 and the back plate 301 can slide relatively linearly, so that the die mounting bits on the die mounting plate 302 can be moved to the extrusion station one by one. Of course, the die mounting plate 302 may be rotatable like a turntable, or may be otherwise relatively movable, so long as the die mounting positions are moved one by one to the extrusion station. To ensure that each die mounting station is operable to an extrusion station, a plurality of die mounting stations should be aligned along the direction of movement of the die mounting plate 302. In this embodiment, therefore, the die-attaching positions are arranged along a straight line. In addition, in the embodiment, the number of the die mounting positions is 4, and the number of the die mounting positions can be adjusted according to the actual condition of workpiece processing, so that the die mounting positions are not limited in the invention.

Specifically, the mold mounting plate 302 is elongated, and further includes a rack 304 disposed along a sliding direction of the mold mounting plate 302; the back plate 301 is provided with a driving gear 308 meshed with the rack 304, and the driving gear 308 is driven to rotate by a driving device. The drive means is preferably a programmable servo motor 309. It is envisioned that a speed reducer 310 may be interposed between the servo motor 309 and the drive gear 308 to increase torque. Of course, the servo motor 309 needs to be connected to the servo system 215.

In order to make the sliding of the mold mounting plate 302 smoother, a plurality of sliding blocks 305 for carrying the mold mounting plate 302 are disposed on the back plate 301 along the sliding direction of the mold mounting plate 302, sliding grooves are formed in the sliding blocks 305, and rolling bearings (not shown) are disposed in the sliding grooves. The slide slots are used for limiting and guiding the die mounting plate 302. In order to make the mold mounting plate 302 slide more easily, rolling bearings 306 may be added to both sides of the slide block 305.

To prevent the mold mounting plate 302 from falling off the back plate 301, a stopper 307 may be provided on the back plate 301.

When the die is in work, different dies are sequentially installed on the die installation position according to the process requirement, and are fastened through bolts. The servo motor 309 drives the driving gear 308 to rotate, and the driving gear 308 drives the mold mounting plate 302 to move. When the first die is moved to the extrusion station, the servo motor 308 stops rotating, and the rear extrusion cylinder 212 drives the entire back plate 301 to move forward (from the inside to the outside of the paper surface in fig. 1) to complete the first extrusion. Then the extrusion cylinder 212 retreats, the servo motor 308 continues to drive the die mounting plate 302 to move, the second die stops after moving to the extrusion station, the extrusion cylinder 212 drives the back plate 301 to move to finish the second extrusion molding, and the like.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be construed as limiting the invention, and the scope of the invention should be defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An extruder capable of automatically changing die, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a workpiece clamping mechanism for clamping a workpiece, an extrusion forming mechanism for extrusion forming of the workpiece and an automatic die changing mechanism for automatic die changing;

the automatic die changing mechanism comprises a back plate and a die mounting plate which is arranged on the back plate and can move relatively along the back plate;

the die mounting plate is provided with a plurality of die mounting positions, and the die mounting positions can be operated to the extrusion station by the relative movement between the die mounting plate and the back plate;

the extrusion forming mechanism comprises a fixed die holder which is arranged on the back surface of the workbench and communicated with a central hole on the workbench; the die sleeve moving plate and a plurality of openable die cylinders are arranged on the die sleeve moving plate, and the plurality of die cylinders are driven to be opened and closed by a driving device; the die sleeve moving plate is movably arranged and can convey the die cylinder into the fixed die holder so that the die cylinder is spliced with the fixed die holder; the mold mounting plate is movably arranged, and a mold is fixed on the mold mounting plate; the die mounting plate is driven by the extrusion driving device, and can convey the die into the die cylinder to extrude and shape the workpiece.

2. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the die mounting plate and the back plate can slide relatively and linearly.

3. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the die mounting plate is strip-shaped and further comprises a rack arranged along the sliding direction of the die mounting plate; the backboard is provided with a driving gear meshed with the rack, and the driving gear is driven to rotate by a driving device.

4. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the driving device is a servo motor.

5. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: a plurality of sliding blocks for bearing the die mounting plate are arranged on the back plate along the sliding direction of the die mounting plate, and sliding grooves are formed in the sliding blocks; a rolling bearing is arranged in the chute.

6. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a workbench, and a sliding rail and a left clamping chuck and a right clamping chuck are arranged on the workbench; at least one of the left clamping chuck and the right clamping chuck can slide along the sliding rail; the left clamping chuck and the right clamping chuck can be mutually closed and spliced into the shape of the workpiece under the drive of the driving device; the device also comprises a proximity switch for sensing the workpiece and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure applied by the clamping chuck to the workpiece; the proximity switch and the pressure sensor are connected with the controller; the driving device is a clamping oil cylinder and further comprises a hydraulic station for controlling the clamping oil cylinder to stretch out and draw back.

7. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the two ends of a piston rod of the clamping cylinder extend out of the cylinder body of the clamping cylinder, one end of the piston rod is fixed with the clamping chuck, and the other end of the piston rod is provided with an adjusting nut in threaded fit with the adjusting nut.

8. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the fixed die holder is vertically arranged, and the die sleeve moving plate is parallel to the fixed die holder; the die cylinders are a die cylinder I and a die cylinder II which are arranged in the up-down direction; a horizontal guide rod which is horizontally arranged is fixed on the workbench, and the die sleeve moving plate can slide left and right along the horizontal guide rod; the die sleeve moving plate is driven to move by a quick die cylinder which is horizontally arranged; the die cylinder I and the die cylinder II are respectively fixed on an upper moving die sleeve and a lower moving die sleeve, and further comprise a vertical guide rod which is vertically arranged, and the moving die sleeves can slide along the vertical guide rod; the driving device is a clamping die cylinder fixedly connected with the upper moving die sleeve and the lower moving die sleeve respectively.

9. An automatically die-exchangeable extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the die mounting plate can slide along the extrusion guide rod; the extrusion driving device is an extrusion oil cylinder arranged at the rear of the die mounting plate.