CN113504133B - Torsional shear test method for undisturbed sample at soil-rock interface - Google Patents
Torsional shear test method for undisturbed sample at soil-rock interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN113504133B CN113504133B CN202110857554.3A CN202110857554A CN113504133B CN 113504133 B CN113504133 B CN 113504133B CN 202110857554 A CN202110857554 A CN 202110857554A CN 113504133 B CN113504133 B CN 113504133B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013142 basic testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
A torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing and installing a sample; secondly, applying normal stress and detecting; a force transmission plate is placed on the sleeve, a base plate, a jack, a pressure sensor and a base plate are sequentially placed on the force transmission plate, a roller row is arranged between the base plate and the top plate, the jack is extended, the force transmission plate, the base plate, the jack and the central axis of the pressure sensor are positioned on the same vertical line, and therefore normal stress is applied; thirdly, applying and detecting torsional force; the sleeve is provided with a worm wheel, the worm is arranged on the bottom plate through a bearing, a torque sensor is arranged between the worm and the hand wheel, the hand wheel is uniformly rotated to drive the worm to rotate, and the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate so as to drive the sleeve and a sample in the sleeve to rotate to finish the application of torsional force. The invention discloses a torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface, which can solve the problems that the shear surface of the soil-rock is gradually reduced and stress is concentrated in the process of direct shear test of the soil-rock interface.
Description
Division application based on 'original sample torsional shear test device and method of soil-rock interface' (application number 2019106559290)
Technical Field
The invention relates to a torsion shear test method for a soil-rock interface, in particular to a torsion shear test for an undisturbed sample of the soil-rock interface in the technical field of geotechnical engineering test, which is suitable for testing the shear strength of a contact interface between a soil body and a bedrock.
Background
In geotechnical engineering, shear failure is one of the main forms of earth and rock failure and deformation, basically due to shear failure, and geotechnical engineering instability and failure develop with the development of shear displacement. Meanwhile, in actual engineering, many landslide of the accumulation body is shear sliding along the earth-rock contact surface, so that test research on the shear resistance of the earth-rock contact surface is necessary.
How to quickly obtain and accurately and objectively reflect the actual shear strength parameters through experiments has become a general concern of engineering technicians. The direct shear test is widely applied as a basic test method, and has the advantages of simple equipment, easy operation and short test duration, and is widely used in engineering. However, the method has obvious defects such as uneven shearing stress distribution on a shearing surface, and stress concentration phenomenon occurs at the edge when shearing is started from the edge during the breaking; in the shearing process, the shearing surface of the sample is gradually reduced, and the shearing strength is calculated according to the original sectional area of the sample. The shear strength of the earth-rock interface thus measured is small and inaccurate. On the other hand, in many shear tests at present, a remolded sample is generally adopted, and the physical and mechanical properties of the remolded sample are remarkably different from those of the undisturbed sample. Therefore, it is highly desirable to invent a device capable of shearing an undisturbed sample at a soil-rock interface, and at the same time, eliminating the problems existing in the direct shear test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface, solving the problems of gradual shrinkage of the shear surface and stress concentration of the soil-rock in the direct shear test process of the soil-rock interface, and providing a torsion shear device for the undisturbed sample of the soil-rock interface, which integrates normal stress loading and circumferential shearing, and a use method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting an undisturbed sample to be tested by adopting a special soil sampling ring cutter on site, cutting a rock plate with a certain size, sealing and then transporting the rock plate back to a laboratory;
Secondly, the cutting edge of the cutting ring with the sample is upwards reversely placed on the sleeve, and the undisturbed sample is pushed into the sleeve by using the bulldozing plug;
Thirdly, mounting a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate of the bearing frame on the bottom plate, and then mounting the top plate to form a closed space;
Fourthly, placing the rock plate on the bottom plate, then placing the sleeve with the sample in the center of the rock plate, and limiting the horizontal displacement of the sleeve through the fixed shaft rod and the anchor, and simultaneously limiting the relative displacement between the sleeve and the rock plate;
And fifthly, fixedly mounting the rotary sensor on one side of the sleeve through bolts, and rotating along with the sleeve.
Sixthly, placing a force transfer plate on the sleeve, paving a permeable stone between the force transfer plate and the sleeve, connecting one end of a water inlet guide pipe with the sleeve and a circular water inlet on the force transfer plate, connecting the other end of the water inlet guide pipe with a water container, and connecting the water container with a water source through a water outlet guide pipe; opening the water outlet valve to enable the water container to be filled with water with a certain scale, opening the water inlet valve to control the flow of the water through the water inlet valve, and observing and recording the change value of the scale on the side wall of the water container.
A seventh step of sequentially placing a base plate, a jack, a sensor, the base plate and a roller row on the force transmission plate, and extending the jack, wherein the central axes of the force transmission plate, the base plate, the jack and the sensor are positioned on the same vertical line, so that normal stress is applied, and data on a pressure dial is observed and recorded;
Eighth, install the worm wheel on the sleeve, the worm passes through bearing fixed mounting on the bottom plate, install torque sensor between worm and hand wheel, even rotation hand wheel drives the worm rotation, the worm drives the worm wheel rotation and then drives sleeve and the interior sample rotation of sleeve and accomplish the application of torsional force, even rotation hand wheel, every round, the reading of torque sensor and rotation sensor is once read and recorded simultaneously, along with the increase of rotation sensor reading, until the reading of torque sensor tends to stabilize or reduce, the sample is cut out, can stop the test of this sample.
And ninth, removing the vertical load, taking out the sample, taking out about 30-40 g of the sample near the shearing surface, and placing the sample in a box to measure the moisture content of the sample after the test.
And tenth, after the test is finished, removing the sleeve and residual soil on the instrument, and then restoring the instrument device. The application discloses a torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface, which has the following technical effects: at present, a direct shear test is generally adopted for obtaining shear strength parameters of the earth-rock interface shear failure, but in the direct shear test, the shear stress on a shear surface is unevenly distributed, and the stress concentration phenomenon occurs at the edge from the edge when the earth-rock interface shear failure occurs; in addition, in the shearing process, the shearing surface of the sample is gradually reduced, and the shearing strength is calculated according to the original sectional area of the sample when the shearing strength is calculated, so that the measured shearing strength of the soil-rock interface is smaller; meanwhile, the influence of rainfall or reservoir water infiltration on the shear performance of the soil-rock interface is not considered in the past test, the soil-rock interface shear test is generally carried out in a natural or saturated state, in addition, in the sample preparation process, a remolded sample is generally adopted, and the test result cannot truly and accurately reflect the shear performance of the soil-rock interface. The application realizes the application of torsion force through the worm and gear system, and overcomes the problems of soil and rock shearing area change and stress concentration in the direct shear test; the original sample is prepared, and the infiltration unit is adopted to simulate the soil-rock interface shear test under various conditions such as rainfall infiltration, reservoir water level lifting and changing process and the like, so that the actual shear strength parameters can be rapidly and accurately and objectively reflected. The device provided by the application can be used for carrying out an indoor test, and can also well meet the requirements of a torsion shear test of a soil-rock interface on site.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a front view of a soil-rock interface torsion shear device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the earth-rock interface torsion shear device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the earth-rock interface torsion shear device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sleeve according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a half cross-sectional view of a sleeve according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the soil plug according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting ring according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of the roller assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a rotation sensor according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a top plate 1, a bottom plate 2, a left vertical plate 3, a right vertical plate 4, a backing plate 5, a sensor 6, a hydraulic jack 7, a force transmission plate 8, a sleeve 9, a sample 10, a fixed shaft lever 11, an anchor 12, a rock plate 13, a worm wheel 14, a worm 15, a bearing 16, a hand wheel rod 17, a hand wheel 18, a rotation sensor 19, a torque sensor 20, a controller 21, a wire 22, a pressurizing pump 23, a pressure dial 24, a water inlet valve 25, a water inlet pipe 26, a water container 27, a water outlet pipe 28, a water outlet valve 29, a water container side wall scale 30, a tray 31, a bracket 32, a water source 33, a roller row 34 and a water permeable stone 35.
Detailed Description
1-4, The undisturbed sample torsion shear test device for the soil-rock interface comprises a bearing frame, wherein a sample fixing unit is arranged in the bearing frame, a normal stress loading unit is arranged above the sample fixing unit, and a circumferential shear unit is arranged on the side direction of the sample fixing unit; in addition, an infiltration unit is also arranged, the infiltration unit is used for supplying water to the sample and simulating the torsion shear test of the soil-rock interface in the water-containing state
Specifically, the bearing frame comprises a top plate 1, a bottom plate 2, a left vertical plate 3 and a right vertical plate 4, so that a closed space is formed for performing a torsional shear test.
The sample fixing unit comprises a sleeve 9, a sample 10 and a rock plate 13, wherein the sample 10 is arranged in the sleeve 9, and the sleeve 9 is arranged above the rock plate 13. The rock plate 13 is placed on the bottom plate 2, and a fixed shaft lever 11 is fixed on the bottom plate 2 through an anchor 12, and the fixed shaft lever 11 passes through the rock plate 13, the sample 10 and coincides with the central axis of the sleeve 9. The horizontal displacement of the sleeve is limited by the fixed shaft and the anchor, and the relative displacement between the sleeve and the rock plate is also limited. The upper end of the fixed shaft lever 11 passes through the sleeve 9 and is connected with the upper force transmission plate 8 through an anchorage device in the same way as the lower end.
In addition, the inner wall of the sleeve 9 is provided with raised strips along the axial direction, which on the one hand facilitates pushing the sample into the sleeve and on the other hand increases the friction between the sleeve and the sample to ensure that the sleeve and the sample rotate together around the fixed shaft 11 during the test.
The rock laminate 13 is a bedrock rock mass cut to size in the field.
The sample is an undisturbed sample to be tested, which is collected by a special soil sampling ring cutter. The inner diameter of the soil sampling ring cutter is the same as that of the sleeve, and the length of the soil sampling ring cutter is larger than that of the sleeve. The special soil sampling ring cutter has the advantages of on-site sampling and transportation, can ensure the original performance of the sample, is convenient to push into the sleeve, and does not disturb the original state of the soil.
The normal stress loading unit comprises a force transmission plate 8, a jack 7, a pressure sensor 6 and a base plate 5 which are sequentially arranged above a sleeve 9; the backing plate 5 is arranged below the top plate 1, the rolling rows 34 are arranged between the top plate 1 and the backing plate 5, and the rolling rows have the advantages of eliminating friction force between the top plate 1 and the backing plate 5 and reducing errors when performing a soil-rock interface torsion shear experiment. The backing plate 5 is connected with the pressure sensor 6, the pressure sensor 6 is connected with the jack 7, the backing plate 5 is placed below the jack 7, the backing plate 5 is connected with the force transmission plate 8, and the lower end of the force transmission plate 8 is connected with the sleeve 9 to finish the application of normal stress. When normal stress is applied, the central axes of the backing plate 5, the pressure sensor 6, the force transfer plate 8 and the jack 7 are positioned on the same vertical line. When the elements are connected, the centers of the elements are guaranteed to be corresponding.
The jack 7 is pressurized by a pressurizing pump 23, a pressure dial 24 is arranged on the pressurizing pump 23, and the pressure dial 24 is used for recording the applied normal stress. The model of the pressurizing pump 23 is MSA63-2-I air automatic pressurizing pump.
The pressure sensor 6 is a resistance type pressure sensor, the model of the pressure sensor 6 is an FSR402 resistance type film pressure sensor, a device for converting pressure signals into electric signals through piezoresistance effect is adopted, the signals are transmitted to a controller in the experiment, and the controller controls the pressurizing pump 23, so that different pressures are applied to the jack 7, and the control of normal stress is realized. The model of the controller is YWK-50-C pressure controller.
The circumferential shearing unit comprises a worm wheel 14 arranged on the sleeve 9, the worm wheel 14 is meshed with a worm 15, and the worm 15 is arranged on the bottom plate 2 through a bearing and driven to rotate through a hand wheel 17; when the hand wheel 17 drives the worm 15 to rotate, the worm wheel 14 rotates and drives the sleeve 9 and the sample 10 to rotate together. And a rotation sensor 19 is fixedly arranged on one side of the sleeve 9 through bolts, the model of the rotation sensor 19 is WIFI-901, the rotation sensor and the sleeve 9 rotate together, rotation angle data are transmitted to a wireless receiver 36 through a wireless transmission mode, and the wireless receiver 36 transmits the data to a server 37.
The infiltration unit comprises a water inlet conduit 26 extending into the sample 10, the other end of the water inlet conduit 26 is connected with a water container 27, and the other end of the water container 27 is connected with a water source 33 through a water outlet conduit 28; the water inlet conduit 26 and the water outlet conduit 28 are respectively provided with a water inlet valve 25 and a water outlet valve 29.
A water permeable stone 35 is arranged between the force transfer plate 8 and the sample 10, and the inlet end of the water inlet conduit 26 extends below the water permeable stone 35. The advantage of the water permeable stone is that it allows water in the water inlet conduit 26 to penetrate evenly into the sample.
The water container 27 is provided with a scale 30. The infiltration amount of water is convenient to calculate.
The water source 33, the water container 27 and the sample 10 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. When the corresponding valve is opened, water can be automatically discharged.
A torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation and installation
A sleeve 9 with axially protruding stripes on the inner wall is prepared, the cutting edge of a cutting ring with a sample 10 is upwards placed on the sleeve 9 reversely, and the sample 10 is pressed into the sleeve 9 by a bulldozer plug. The cut-to-size rock plate 13 is taken from the site back to the laboratory.
A carrying frame is prepared, a left vertical standing board 3 and a right vertical standing board 4 are installed on a bottom board 2, and then a top board 1 is installed to form a closed space. A field cut sized rock plate 13 is placed on the bottom plate 2 and then the sleeve 9 with the test sample is placed on the rock plate 13.
The sample-loaded sleeve 9 is then connected to the rock plate 13 and the bottom plate 2 by means of the fixing shaft 11 and the anchor 12, whereby the sample-loaded sleeve 9 and the rock plate 13 are fixed to limit their horizontal displacement and also to limit the relative displacement between the sleeve 9 and the rock plate 13.
Then a force transfer plate 8 is placed on the sleeve 9, a permeable stone 35 is paved between the force transfer plate 8 and the sleeve 9, one end of a water inlet conduit 26 is connected with the sleeve 9 and a round water inlet on the force transfer plate 8, the other end of the water inlet conduit is connected with a water container 27, and the water container 27 is connected with a water source 33 through a water outlet conduit 28; the water outlet valve 29 is opened to fill the water container 27 with water of a predetermined scale, the water inlet valve 25 is opened to allow water to flow into the sample, and the flow rate of water is controlled by the water inlet valve 25. The infiltration amount of water is recorded by the scales of the side wall of the water container.
2) Application and detection of normal stress
Then, a backing plate 5, a jack 7, a pressure sensor 6 and the backing plate 5 are sequentially placed on the force transfer plate 8, a rolling row is arranged between the backing plate 5 and the top plate 1, the jack is elongated, and the central axes of the force transfer plate 8, the backing plate 5, the jack 6 and the pressure sensor 6 are positioned on the same vertical line, so that normal stress is applied.
The pressure dial is mounted on the pressure pump for recording the magnitude of the applied normal stress.
3) Application and detection of torsional forces
The worm wheel 14 is arranged on the sleeve 9, the worm 15 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate through a bearing, the torsion sensor 20 is arranged between the worm 15 and the hand wheel 17, the hand wheel 17 is uniformly rotated to drive the worm 15 to rotate, the worm 15 drives the worm wheel 14 to rotate so as to drive the sleeve 9 and the sample in the sleeve 9 to rotate, and the application of torsion force is completed.
When the hand wheel is rotated and the readings of the torsion sensor 20 and the rotation sensor 19 are observed, and when the readings of the torsion sensor 20 tend to a certain stable value or decrease, the readings of the angular displacement corresponding to the readings of the rotation sensor 19 are continuously increased and cannot be stabilized, so that the earth-rock interface is damaged;
the sleeve 9 is made of a steel sleeve, normal stress can be transmitted to the sample, and a convex groove is formed in the sleeve 9, so that the sleeve is tightly attached to the sample, and the sample can be twisted together when torsion force is applied, and therefore the torsion force of the sample is applied. The shear failure means that the shear strength (or torsional moment) of the earth-rock interface reaches a maximum value and tends to be stable or reduced, and the corresponding angular displacement is continuously increased and cannot be stable, namely the earth-rock interface is damaged, and the sleeve 9 is not damaged.
When the earth-rock interface is in shear failure, the readings of the torque sensor 20 and the rotation sensor 19 are simultaneously read and recorded, the torque sensor 20 reads a torque value in the earth-rock interface torsion shear experiment, the rotation sensor 19 reads an angular displacement in the earth-rock interface torsion shear experiment, and the shearing stress and the average shearing displacement on the earth-rock interface can be respectively obtained, so that a shearing stress-shearing displacement curve can be drawn to analyze the shearing behavior of the earth-rock interface in the torsion shear experiment, and the shearing strength parameter of the earth-rock interface is obtained.
When the earth-rock interface is sheared and damaged, the torsion moment is generated by the shearing stress of the contact surface of the lower surface of the cylindrical sample and the rock plate, the torsion moment is equal to the torque detected by the torque sensor, and the mechanical knowledge shows that the torque M and the shearing stress tau of the earth-rock interface meet the following relation:
Wherein τ is the shear stress (N/mm 2) on the soil-rock interface, R is the radius (mm) of the sample, and M is the moment value (N.mm) of the soil-rock interface detected by the torque sensor.
And then the deformation is carried out by the formula (1), and the shear stress of the soil-rock interface is calculated according to the following formula (2):
Wherein τ is the shear stress (N/mm 2) on the earth-rock interface, R is the maximum radius (mm) of the earth-rock interface, and M is the earth-rock interface moment value (N.mm) detected by the torque sensor.
The average shear displacement of the earth-rock interface can be calculated as follows formula (3):
Wherein R is the radius (mm) of the sample, and θ is the angular displacement (°) of the earth-rock interface detected by the rotation sensor.
Claims (1)
1. A torsion shear test method for an undisturbed sample of a soil-rock interface comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting an undisturbed sample (10) to be tested by adopting a special soil sampling ring cutter on site, cutting a rock plate (13) with a certain size, sealing and then transporting the rock plate back to a laboratory;
secondly, reversely placing the cutting edge of the cutting ring with the sample (10) on the sleeve (9), and pressing the undisturbed sample into the sleeve (9) by using a bulldozer plug;
thirdly, mounting a left vertical plate (3) and a right vertical plate (4) of the bearing frame on the bottom plate (2), and then mounting the top plate (1) to form a closed space;
Fourthly, placing the rock plate (13) on the bottom plate (2), then placing the sleeve (9) filled with the sample (10) in the center of the rock plate (13), and limiting the horizontal displacement of the sleeve (9) through the fixed shaft lever (11) and the anchor (12) and simultaneously limiting the relative displacement between the sleeve (9) and the rock plate (13);
fifthly, fixedly mounting a rotary sensor (19) on one side of the sleeve (9) through bolts, and rotating along with the sleeve;
Sixthly, a force transmission plate (8) is arranged on the sleeve (9), a permeable stone (35) is paved between the force transmission plate (8) and the sleeve (9), one end of a water inlet conduit (26) is connected with the sleeve (9) and a round water inlet on the force transmission plate (8), the other end of the water inlet conduit is connected with a water container (27), and the water container (27) is connected with a water source (33) through a water outlet conduit (28); opening a water outlet valve (29) to enable a water container (27) to be filled with water with a certain scale, opening a water inlet valve (25), controlling the flow of the water through the water inlet valve (25), and observing and recording the change value of the scale of the side wall of the water container (27);
the water inlet pipe (26) and the water outlet pipe (28) are respectively provided with a water inlet valve (25) and a water outlet valve (29);
A seventh step of sequentially placing a base plate (5), a jack (7), a pressure sensor (6), the base plate (5) and a roller row (34) on a force transmission plate (8), wherein the central axes of the force transmission plate (8), the base plate (5), the jack (7) and the pressure sensor (6) are positioned on the same vertical line, and elongating the jack (7) so as to apply normal stress, and observing and recording data on a pressure dial plate (24);
the jack (7) is supplied with pressure by a pressure pump (23), and a pressure dial (24) is arranged on the pressure pump (23);
eighth, installing a worm wheel (14) on the sleeve (9), fixedly installing a worm (15) on the bottom plate (2) through a bearing, installing a torque sensor between the worm (15) and a hand wheel (17), uniformly rotating the hand wheel (17), driving the worm (15) to rotate, driving the worm wheel (14) to rotate by the worm (15), driving the sleeve (9) and a sample in the sleeve (9) to rotate to finish the application of torsion force, uniformly rotating the hand wheel, and simultaneously reading and recording the readings of the torque sensor (20) and the rotation sensor (19) once every turn, wherein the readings of the torque sensor (20) tend to be stable or reduced along with the increase of the readings of the rotation sensor (19), and stopping the test of the sample after the sample (10) is sheared;
ninth, removing vertical load, taking out a sample (10), taking out 30-40 g of the sample near the shearing surface, and putting the sample into a box to measure the moisture content of the sample after the test;
tenth, after the test is finished, removing the sleeve (9) and residual soil on the instrument, and then recovering the instrument device;
the inner wall of the sleeve (9) is provided with raised stripes along the axial direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110857554.3A CN113504133B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Torsional shear test method for undisturbed sample at soil-rock interface |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910655929.0A CN110320113B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Soil-rock interface undisturbed sample torsional shear test device and method |
| CN202110857554.3A CN113504133B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Torsional shear test method for undisturbed sample at soil-rock interface |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910655929.0A Division CN110320113B (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Soil-rock interface undisturbed sample torsional shear test device and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113504133A CN113504133A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
| CN113504133B true CN113504133B (en) | 2024-08-06 |
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| CN114813392B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2023-09-26 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | On-spot ring shear test system of weak intermediate layer of ground |
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| CN113504133A (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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