CN103115828B - Component combined torsion experimental device and method - Google Patents
Component combined torsion experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103115828B CN103115828B CN201310027848.9A CN201310027848A CN103115828B CN 103115828 B CN103115828 B CN 103115828B CN 201310027848 A CN201310027848 A CN 201310027848A CN 103115828 B CN103115828 B CN 103115828B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a component combined torsion experimental device comprising two counter-force frames which are fixed on a foundation terrace, a counter-force beam with two ends which are fixed at the upper ends of the counter-force frames and a counter-force wall fixed at the left side of the counter-force beam, wherein a component is fixed on the foundation terrace. The component combined torsion experimental device is characterized by further comprising a vertical force loading system for applying a vertical force to the component, a horizontal force loading system for applying a horizontal force to the component, a component top linear displacement guide system for meeting requirements of axial deformation, bending deformation and shearing deformation of the component, and a foundation displacement limiting system for fixing the position of the component. According to the experimental device and the method disclosed by the invention, the disadvantages of the existing similar experimental devices and methods are overcome; an experimental principle is scientific and an experimental process is simple to operate and control; the experimental device is convenient to assemble and can be used while being installed; and the experimental device can be circularly used and an experimental result meets a combined torsion performance of the structural component under the horizontal earthquake action, so as to provide experimental guarantees for disclosing a combined torsion mechanism and an anti-seismic property of the structural component.
Description
Technical field
the invention belongs to structure experiment technical field, relate in particular to experimental provision and the method for a kind of concrete component or Steel Reinforced Concrete Members subjected to combined torsion under axial pressure effect.
Background technology
being turned round is one of basic stress form of structural elements, if load, member and end reaction, not in same plane, will produce moment of torsion on member section.Therefore, in civil engineering structure, be subject to the member ubiquity of torsional interaction, but be subject to pure turn round and pressurized is turned round or bending or cut such as turns round at the situation that simple composite turned round few, mostly in pressure, moment of flexure, shear and torsion (being called for short: Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion) or moment of flexure, shear and torsion (being called for short: bending and twisting) subjected to combined torsion state, while being turned round as vertical members such as framework corner posts conventionally in Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion state, and the levels such as horizontal curved beam, Frame Side Beam while being turned round to member conventionally in bending and twisting subjected to combined torsion state.Particularly under geological process, the vertical member subjected to combined torsion in irregular structure is obvious, and especially corner post is more outstanding, easily destroys and cause structural collapse in earthquake.Along with the enhancing of overall national strength, the building with unique profile increases increasingly, and irregular structure is also just increasing, and China is positioned between the world's two violent earthquake bands (circum-Pacific seismic zone and Eurasian seismic zone) simultaneously, is earthquake country more than.Therefore, the civil engineering structure member of subjected to combined torsion is carried out to experimental study and theoretical analysis is not only the needs of scientific and reasonable designed component, and have very important social effect.
at present, owing to being subject to the restriction of experimental provision and method, study and purely turn round, press and turn round or bending or to cut experiment under the state of turning round more, and the experiment of research Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion or bending and twisting subjected to combined torsion is little, and existing a small amount of subjected to combined torsion experiment remains following main not enough: 1) stress of member is not inconsistent when the stressed and actual seismic of member.Existing Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion experiment keeps pressure, shearing and moment of flexure constant conventionally, only changes moment of torsion until component damage.And when actual seismic, pressure substantially constant in vertical member, shearing is mainly the horizontal earthquake inertial force producing that moves, and moment of flexure and moment of torsion change along with the variation of this shearing.2) experimental technique complexity, the inadequate science of experimental provision, and multiple spot loading, in experimentation, operation and controlling difficulty is large.
as everyone knows, seismic motion is very complicated, and what wherein engineering structure is had the greatest impact normally moves along the horizontal horizontal earthquake of buildings.The impact of moving on structural elements performance for simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake, researchist is in the process of research and development subjected to combined torsion experimental provision and method, the main difficulty running into has: 1) common be subject to curved, cut, in the experiment of pressurized and tension, acting force, member and end reaction are in a plane, so its experimental provision is relative with method simple.And turned round while experiment, acting force, member and end reaction be not in a plane, be a space-load, its experimental provision and method will be complicated many, and experimental provision and the method for especially researching and developing transverse horizontal geological process lower member subjected to combined torsion are just more difficult.For simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake action lower member can reverse and can only be out of shape along transverse horizontal, subjected to combined torsion experiment is so far taked to apply the Action of Gravity Field of constant vertical force with model configuration at member top by a vertical force lifting jack, shearing and moment of flexure that in the time that center, member top applies constant horizontal force with simulated earthquake by a level jack, member is subject to, apply a pair of equal and opposite in direction in the left and right sides, member top by two horizontal tension and compression lifting jack (or actuator), opposite direction, and the horizontal force that active line the keeps at a certain distance away moment of torsion that member is subject to during with simulated earthquake, although such experiment has been simulated transverse horizontal geological process lower member and can have been reversed and can only be out of shape along transverse horizontal, but shortcoming is: experimentation need to be controlled four acting forces simultaneously, experiment difficulty is large, simultaneously the stress of member is not inconsistent when the stressed and actual seismic of member.2) torsional deflection of subjected to combined torsion so far experiment member is to realize by a ball pivot, but because the required vertical load of structural experiment is large, the ball pivot that can bear such load had not both had standard component, if finishing expense is high again.Therefore, when experiment, all adopt and do not pass through accurately machined ball pivot, certainly will bring so certain experimental error.
therefore, invention is a kind of scientific and reasonable, simple and feasible, component composition is turned round when simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake action well again experimental provision and method are very necessary, this is conducive to study better force-mechanism and the destructive characteristics of subjected to combined torsion member, be conducive to scientific and reasonable, economy and design reliably subjected to combined torsion member, guarantee structural safety.
Summary of the invention
the present invention seeks to: when a kind of stressed and actual seismic that makes member is provided, the stress of member conforms to, and install scientific and reasonable, method is simple and feasible subjected to combined torsion experimental provision and method.
technical scheme of the present invention is:
a kind of component composition is subject to twisting experimental device, comprise the two Pin reaction frames that are fixed on basic terrace, two ends are fixed on the reaction beam of reaction frame upper end, be fixed on the counter force wall in reaction beam left side, member is fixed on basic terrace, it is characterized in that, also comprise the vertical force loading system that member is applied to vertical force, member is applied to the horizontal force loading system of horizontal force, meet member axial deformation, the member top line displacement guidance system that flexural deformation and detrusion need and the basic displacement restriction system of fixed component position, wherein, the position of described vertical force loading system is corresponding with the tip position of member, described vertical force loading system adopts thrust roller bearing to be connected with the force side of member, described horizontal force loading system is arranged at member left side and is fixedly connected on counter force wall, and described horizontal force loading system only arranges an electro-hydraulic servo actuator that applies horizontal force, described member top line displacement guidance system two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, in the middle of described member structure top line displacement guidance system, horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are set, and described horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are connected in member top, described basic displacement restriction system is close to member two ends, bottom and is fixedly connected on basic terrace.
the effect of reaction beam and reaction frame is to bear member to apply the reacting force that a constant vertical force produces.Wherein: member and reaction frame are fixed on the terrace of laboratory; Reaction frame has two Pin, and every Pin is fixed in the horizontal girder steel composition of vertical steel column by two vertical steel columns that are fixed in laboratory terrace and two two ends.
further, described vertical force loading system comprises the lifting jack, thrust roller bearing, installation sleeve, bearing plate, rubber blanket, slide block and the guide rail that apply vertical force, wherein, between described lifting jack lower end and thrust roller bearing, be provided with Coupling Shaft, described installation sleeve is placed on thrust roller bearing bottom, sets gradually from top to bottom bearing plate and rubber blanket between described thrust roller bearing and member; Described lifting jack upper end is connected with steel plate with slide block, and described slide block can translation gliding in guide rail, and described guide rail is fixedly connected with reaction beam with bolt with steel plate.
and the horizontal slip on guide rail by slide block, to meet the requirement of vertical force loading system and the line synchro displacement of member top.The maximum difference of this vertical force loading system and existing similar experiment is: select thrust roller bearing to replace ball pivot, and by the horizontally rotating of thrust roller bearing, to meet the needs of member torsional deflection.Thrust roller bearing have advantages of vertical bearing capacity large, around level to can 360 ° rotations, around vertically there being while being not less than 15 ° of rotation, rotation frictional influence little, these advantages meet the requirement that construction torsion is tested just; And thrust roller bearing has standardized product, its price is cheap more than finishing ball pivot.
further, described horizontal force loading system comprises the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, loading beam and the Jia Liang that apply horizontal force, wherein, described electro-hydraulic servo actuator one end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the other end acts on loading beam one end by ball pivot, the other end of described loading beam adopts bolt to be fixedly connected with folder beam, and the top of member is clamped between loading beam and folder beam.
this horizontal force loading system with the maximum difference of existing similar experiment is: only apply horizontal force by an actuator, adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply horizontal force than existing similar experiment, its experiment operation and controlling wants easy to be many, and the stress of member conforms to when the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member.
further, described member top line displacement guidance system comprises orienting lug, vertical slide block, vertical guide, cross sliding clock, horizontal guide rail and guide beam, wherein, described guide beam two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, described horizontal guide rail is fixed on guide beam middle part with steel plate and bolt, described cross sliding clock is arranged in horizontal guide rail and can translation gliding in horizontal guide rail, described vertical guide is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with cross sliding clock, described vertical slide block is arranged in vertical guide and can translation gliding in vertical guide, described orienting lug one end is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with vertical slide block, the orienting lug other end is clamped the Coupling Shaft that connects lifting jack and thrust roller bearing in described vertical force loading system.
slip by vertical slide block in vertical guide, to meet the needs of member axial deformation; Slip by cross sliding clock on horizontal guide rail, to meet the needs of member bending deformation and detrusion.The invention of this system has realized and has used an actuator to apply horizontal force just can to realize existing similar experiment and need adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply the effect that horizontal force just can reach, thus make experimental implementation with control easy to be many.
further, described basic displacement restriction system comprises basis pressure beam, front steel case beam, rear steel case beam and end carriage, wherein, described basis presses beam to adopt ground anchor bolt that member is fixed on to basic terrace, the both sides of described front steel case beam and rear steel case beam clamping component, between described front steel case beam and member, be also provided with successively spacing lifting jack and billet, the described front steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the described rear steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on end carriage, and described end carriage is fixedly connected on basic terrace with ground anchor bolt.The effect of this system is that the displacements such as overall translation of rigid body and perk do not occur on the basis that ensures member in experimentation.This system is identical with existing similar experiment.
apply the method that above-mentioned experimental provision carries out component composition and turned round experiment, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) use basic displacement restriction system that member is fixed on the terrace of laboratory;
(2) horizontal force loading system is installed;
(3) vertical force loading system is installed;
(4) installation component top line displacement guidance system;
(5) displacement meter of installation testing displacement of the lines and torsional deflection;
(6) the strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS);
(7) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal;
(8) formally load.First apply axle pressure by the lifting jack in vertical force loading system to member, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage by the actuator in horizontal force loading system to member again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, constantly gather experiment desired data, observe and record experimental phenomena, if cancel and apply axle pressure link in above-mentioned steps, be the bending and twisting performance test of member.
member can be reinforced concrete member, Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, steel member or other structured material members.If reinforced concrete member or Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, should take to add the measure such as steel bushing or wrap carbon fiber at the top of member, to prevent that member top concrete local compression from destroying.
experiment can be dull loading experiment, can be also low Zhou Fanfu loading experiment.Load mode has displacement control, load control and load-displacement to mix three kinds of controls, and suggestion is selected displacement control or load-displacement to mix and controlled.
this experimental provision and method have overcome the deficiency of existing similar experimental provision and method, experimental principle science, experimentation operation and controlling is easy, experimental provision is easy to assembly, plug and play, can be recycled, experimental result meets the subjected to combined torsion performance of structural elements under horizontal earthquake action, for the subjected to combined torsion mechanism and the anti-seismic performance that disclose structural elements provide experiment to ensure.
advantage of the present invention is:
1) member top line displacement guidance system is initiated in this experimental provision, the invention of this system has realized and has used an actuator to apply horizontal force just can to realize existing similar experiment and need adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply the effect that horizontal force just can reach, thus make experimental implementation with control easy to be many.Meanwhile, when the application of this system makes the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member, the stress of member conforms to, the shortcoming that while having overcome existing similar experiment, member stress state is not inconsistent when the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member.
) select thrust roller bearing to replace ball pivot, and by the horizontally rotating of thrust roller bearing, to meet the needs of member torsional deflection.Thrust roller bearing have advantages of vertical bearing capacity large, around level to can 360 ° rotations, around vertically there being while being not less than 15 ° of rotation, rotation frictional influence little, these advantages meet the requirement that construction torsion is tested just; And thrust roller bearing has standardized product, its price is cheap more than finishing ball pivot.
experimental provision of the present invention and method have overcome the deficiency of existing similar experimental provision and method, experimental principle science, experimentation operation and controlling is easy, experimental provision is easy to assembly, plug and play, can be recycled, experimental result meets the subjected to combined torsion performance of structural elements under horizontal earthquake action, for the subjected to combined torsion mechanism and the anti-seismic performance that disclose structural elements provide experiment to ensure.
Brief description of the drawings
below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
fig. 1 is experimental provision elevation drawing, the orthograph obtaining from B-B slice location and the projecting direction of Fig. 2;
fig. 2 is experimental provision planimetric map, the orthograph obtaining from A-A slice location and the projecting direction of Fig. 1;
fig. 3 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 2;
fig. 4 is the right view of loading beam;
fig. 5 is the left view of loading beam;
fig. 6 is the vertical view of loading beam;
fig. 7 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 6;
fig. 8 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 6;
fig. 9 is the left view of folder beam;
figure 10 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 9;
figure 11 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 10;
figure 12 is the vertical view of Coupling Shaft;
figure 13 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 12;
figure 14 is the vertical view of thrust roller bearing bottom installation sleeve;
figure 15 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 14;
figure 16 is the upward view of bearing plate;
figure 17 is the vertical view of bearing plate;
figure 18 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 17;
figure 19 is the vertical view that connects the steel plate of vertical force lifting jack and slide block;
figure 20 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 19;
figure 21 is the vertical view of the steel plate of mounting guide rail;
figure 22 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 21;
figure 23 is the left view of orienting lug;
figure 24 is the vertical view of orienting lug;
figure 25 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 24;
figure 26 is the B-B sectional view of Figure 24;
figure 27 is the front view that connects the steel plate of orienting lug and vertical slide block;
figure 28 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 27;
figure 29 is the front view that the steel plate of vertical guide and cross sliding clock is installed;
figure 30 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 29;
figure 31 is the vertical view of guide beam;
figure 32 is the front view of guide beam;
figure 33 is the A-A sectional view of Figure 32.
illustrate: in the above map title, the orientation of front view, left view, vertical view isometric drawing title is all determined by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
wherein: 1. member, 2. horizontal force actuator, 3. loading beam, 4. folder beam, 5. connect loading beam and the bolt that presss from both sides beam, 6. connect the steel plate of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, 7. connect the bolt of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, 8. counter force wall, 9. vertical force lifting jack, 10. connect the Coupling Shaft of vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, 11. thrust roller bearings, the installation sleeve of 12. thrust roller bearing bottoms, 13. bearing plates, 14. rubber blankets, 15. connect the steel plate of vertical force lifting jack and slide block, 16. slide blocks, 17. guide rails, the steel plate of 18. mounting guide rails, the steel plate of 19. connection guide rail steel plates and reaction beam, the bolt of 20. connection guide rail steel plates and reaction beam, 21. reaction beams, 22. reaction frames, 23. orienting lugs, 24. connect the steel plate of orienting lug and vertical slide block, 25. vertical slide blocks, 26. vertical guide, 27. install the steel plate of vertical guide and cross sliding clock, 28. cross sliding clocks, 29. horizontal guide rails, 30. guide beams, beam is pressed on 31. bases, the ground anchor bolt of beam is pressed on 32. bases, the front steel case beam of 33. restriction horizontal displacement of foundations, 34. basic spacing lifting jack, the billet of 35. restriction horizontal displacement of foundations, the rear steel case beam of 36. restriction horizontal displacement of foundations, the end carriage of 37. restriction horizontal displacement of foundations, the ground anchor bolt of 38. end carriages, 39. first displacement meters, 40. second displacement meters.
Embodiment
below in conjunction with specific embodiment, such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiment are not limited to limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.The implementation condition adopting in embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete engineering, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in normal experiment.
embodiment:
the present embodiment provides a kind of experimental provision that carries out structural elements subjected to combined torsion, has carried out the Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion experiment of 30 Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, and its structure is as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, comprise horizontal force actuator 2, loading beam 3, folder beam 4, connect loading beam and the bolt 5 that presss from both sides beam, connect the steel plate 6 of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, connect the bolt 7 of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, counter force wall 8, vertical force lifting jack 9, connect the Coupling Shaft 10 of vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, thrust roller bearing 11, the installation sleeve 12 of thrust roller bearing bottom, bearing plate 13, rubber blanket 14, connect the steel plate 15 of vertical force lifting jack and slide block, slide block 16, guide rail 17, the steel plate 18 of mounting guide rail, the steel plate 19 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, the bolt 20 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, reaction beam 21, reaction frame 22, orienting lug 23, connect the steel plate 24 of orienting lug and vertical slide block, vertical slide block 25, vertical guide 26, the steel plate 27 of vertical guide and cross sliding clock is installed, cross sliding clock 28, horizontal guide rail 29, guide beam 30, beam 31 is pressed on basis, the ground anchor bolt 32 on basis, the front steel case beam 33 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the spacing lifting jack 34 in basis, the billet 35 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the rear steel case beam 36 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the end carriage 37 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the ground anchor bolt 38 of end carriage, the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40, pump house and the control system thereof of power are provided to the moving device 2 of horizontal masterpiece, oil pump and the pressure stabilizing device of power are provided to vertical force lifting jack 9 and basic spacing lifting jack 34, and carry out data acquisition equipment of structural experiment indispensability etc.
wherein: horizontal force actuator 2, vertical force lifting jack 9, thrust roller bearing 11, slide block 16, guide rail 17, vertical slide block 25, vertical guide 26, cross sliding clock 28, horizontal guide rail 29, basic spacing lifting jack 34, the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 etc. are standardized products.
connect loading beam and the bolt 5 that presss from both sides beam, connect the steel plate 6 of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, connect the bolt 7 of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, counter force wall 8, rubber blanket 14, the steel plate 19 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, the bolt 20 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, reaction beam 21, reaction frame 22, beam 31 is pressed on basis, the ground anchor bolt 32 on basis, the front steel case beam 33 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the billet 35 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the rear steel case beam 36 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the end carriage 37 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the ground anchor bolt 38 of end carriage, pump house and the control system thereof of power are provided to the moving device of horizontal masterpiece, oil pump and the pressure stabilizing device of power are provided to vertical force lifting jack and basic spacing lifting jack, and the data acquisition equipment that carries out structural experiment indispensability etc. is the existing instrument and equipment in laboratory or conventional products.
steel plate 18, the orienting lug 23 of installation sleeve 12, the bearing plate 13 of loading beam 3, folder beam 4, the Coupling Shaft 10 that connects vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, thrust roller bearing bottom, the steel plate 15 that is connected vertical force lifting jack and slide block, mounting guide rail, is connected orienting lug and vertically steel plate 27, the guide beam 30 etc. of steel plate 24, installation vertical guide and the cross sliding clock of slide block are the parts that emphasis of the present invention is researched and developed and designed.
as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, reaction frame 22 has two Pin, every Pin is fixed in the horizontal girder steel composition of vertical steel column by two vertical steel columns that are fixed in laboratory terrace and two two ends, two Pin reaction frames form spatial integral structure by reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30, and be fixed on the terrace of laboratory, for bearing, member 1 is applied to the reacting force that vertical axle pressure produces.The two ends of reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30 are all fixed on reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21 be positioned at member 1 directly over, guide beam 30 is positioned at the rear of member 1.Counter force wall 8 is fixed on the terrace of laboratory, and is positioned at the left side of member 1, for bearing, member 1 is applied to the reacting force that horizontal force produces.Member 1 is fixed on the terrace of laboratory by basic displacement restriction system, and loading beam 3 is close to the left side of member 1, and folder beam 4 is close to the right side of member 1, by four bolts 5, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 is fixed on tightly to the top of member 1.A steel bushing has just been installed at member 1 top before casting concrete, and steel bushing is than the wide 10mm of loading beam 3, to prevent that the local failure of member top concrete from destroying prior to the subjected to combined torsion of member 1.By steel plate 6 and four bolts 7, horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 are linked together, and realize the hinged of horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 by the ball pivot of horizontal force actuator 2 self end.From member 1 end face, install successively from bottom to up rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13, thrust roller bearing bottom installation sleeve 12, thrust roller bearing 11, connect the steel plate 18 of vertical force lifting jack and Coupling Shaft 10, the vertical force lifting jack 9 of thrust roller bearing, the steel plate 15 that is connected vertical force lifting jack and slide block, slide block 16, guide rail 17, mounting guide rail.Wherein: rubber blanket 14 play levelling and by axle pressure Transmit evenly to member 1; Rotate by thrust roller bearing 11 and the relative level of its underpart installation sleeve 12, to meet the needs of member 1 torsional deflection; Slip by slide block 16 on guide rail 17, to meet the flexural deformation of member 1 and detrusion produces displacement of the lines requirement at its top.Use six bolts that the Coupling Shaft of thrust roller bearing 10 and vertical force lifting jack 9 are linked together; Use four bolts that vertical force lifting jack 9 and steel plate 15 are linked together; Totally four of slide blocks 16, every is arranged on steel plate 15 with four bolts; Guide rail 17 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 18 with seven bolts; Steel plate 18 is fixed on reaction beam 21 with two block plates 19 and four bolts 20.Orienting lug 23 is processed by same steel plate one, finally be split into orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix, first orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are entangled to Coupling Shaft 10, with four bolts, orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are linked together again, and tightly clamp Coupling Shaft 10, the other end of orienting lug 23 links together with six bolts and steel plate 24; Vertical slide block 25 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 24 with four bolts; Vertical guide 26 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 27 with four bolts; Cross sliding clock 28 has four, and every is arranged on steel plate 27 with four bolts; Horizontal guide rail 29 has two, and every is arranged on guide beam 30 with ten bolts.
the structure of loading beam 3 is as shown in Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 8, its main body is the I-beam being welded by three block plates, and being welded with transverse stiffener, four holes in Fig. 4 are for being connected use with folder beam 4, and strengthen with a block plate and two longitudinal stiffeners at join domain.
the structure of folder beam 4 is as shown in Fig. 9 ~ Figure 11, and its main body is the I-beam being welded by three block plates, and leaves four holes, for being connected with loading beam 3, and is welded with a steel plate cylinder in the surrounding in each hole, for the reinforcement to join domain.
the structure of Coupling Shaft 10 as shown in Figure 12 ~ Figure 13, be through forging blanking, rough turn, modified, finish turning, brill is attacked and the processing of turning blue forms.Six holes on Coupling Shaft 10 tops are for being connected with vertical force lifting jack 9, lower recess is for installed thrust roller bearing 11, four holes of bottom surrounding are for being connected with the installation sleeve 12 of thrust roller bearing bottom, be connected with four springs between the two, so that while carrying out the experiment of a collection of member, second member rises, and thrust roller bearing 11 and installation sleeve 12 thereof are without dismounting.
the structure of installation sleeve 12, as shown in Figure 14 ~ Figure 15, is through modified, car, mill, milling, bores and the processing of turning blue forms.The corner cut of its left and right sides is reliable in order to contact closely, to be connected with bearing plate 13.Four holes of its surrounding are for being connected with Coupling Shaft 10, connected with four springs between the two, so that while carrying out the experiment of a collection of member, second member rises, and thrust roller bearing 11 and installation sleeve 12 thereof are without dismounting.
the structure of bearing plate 13, as shown in Figure 16 ~ Figure 18, is to form through modified, mill, milling, brill, sandblast and the processing of turning blue.On its left and right sides, turn over is in order to be connected reliably with installation sleeve 12.
the structure of the steel plate 15 of connection vertical force lifting jack and slide block, as shown in Figure 19 ~ Figure 20, is to process through the bright chromium of modified, mill, milling, drilling and tapping and plating.16 holes that on it, specification is identical are that four holes that all the other specifications are identical are for vertical force lifting jack 9 is installed for four slide blocks 16 are installed.
the structure of the steel plate 18 of mounting guide rail, as shown in Figure 21 ~ Figure 22, is to process through the bright chromium of modified, mill, milling, drilling and tapping and plating.14 holes that on it, specification is identical are for two guide rails 17 are installed, and four holes that all the other specifications are identical are for steel plate 18 being fixed on to reaction beam 21 by steel plate 19 and bolt 20.
the structure of orienting lug 23, as shown in Figure 23 ~ Figure 26, is to process through modified, flour milling, milling periphery, brill bottom outlet, bore hole, line cutting, milling processing, tapping and the bright chromium of plating.Orienting lug 23 is processed by same steel plate one, finally be split into orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix, first orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are entangled to Coupling Shaft 10, with four bolts, orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are linked together again, and tightly clamp Coupling Shaft 10, the other end of orienting lug 23 links together with six bolts and steel plate 24.
connection orienting lug as shown in Figure 27 ~ Figure 28, is to process through the bright chromium of modified, mill, milling, drilling and tapping and plating with the structure of the steel plate 24 of vertical slide block.Eight holes that on it, specification is identical are that six holes that all the other specifications are identical are for being connected with orienting lug 23 for two vertical slide blocks 25 are installed.
the structure of the steel plate 27 of installation vertical guide and cross sliding clock, as shown in Figure 29 ~ Figure 30, is to process through the bright chromium of modified, mill, milling, drilling and tapping and plating.16 holes that on it, specification is identical are for four cross sliding clocks 28 are installed, and eight holes that all the other specifications are identical are for two vertical guide 26 are installed.
the structure of guide beam 30 is as shown in Figure 31 ~ Figure 33, its main body is the I-beam being welded by three block plates, and be welded with transverse stiffener, guide beam 30 middle parts are installed horizontal guide rail 29 regions and are welded with a block plate, on it, 20 holes are used for installing two horizontal guide rails 29, and each eight holes, two ends are for being fixed in reaction frame 22 by guide beam 30.
adopt the device in the present embodiment to carry out the experiment of a collection of member, the experimental technique of its 1st member is as follows:
1) first calculate the installation site of reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21, guide beam 30, member 1 and horizontal force actuator 2 according to the size of each parts and equipment.
) according to the position calculating, reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30 are installed.
) use basic displacement restriction system that member 1 is fixed on to installation site.
) with being arranged on cucurbit on the counter force wall 8 top semi-girders horizontal force actuator 2 of slinging, and according to installation site, one end of horizontal force actuator 2 is fixed on counter force wall 8.
) on reaction beam 21, cucurbit is installed, and loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are sling with cucurbit, then with bolt 5, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are fixed on to the top of member 1, then with steel plate 6 and bolt 7, horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 are linked together.
) installation sleeve 12 of rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13, thrust roller bearing bottom is upwards installed successively from member 1 end face.
) guide rail 17 is arranged on steel plate 18, the steel plate 18 use steel plates 19 and the bolt 20 that more install guide rail 17 are arranged on reaction beam 21.
) slide block 16 is arranged on steel plate 15, and vertical force lifting jack 9 is connected with steel plate 15, then slide block 16 is docked with guide rail 17.
) thrust roller bearing 11 is installed in Coupling Shaft 10, then Coupling Shaft 10 is docked with vertical force lifting jack 9, then with four springs, installation sleeve 12 is hung in to the bottom of Coupling Shaft 10.
) horizontal guide rail 29 is arranged on guide beam 30, then cross sliding clock 28, vertical guide 26 are connected with steel plate 27 respectively, and cross sliding clock 28 is docked with horizontal guide rail 29.
) orienting lug 23, vertical slide block 25 are connected with steel plate 24 respectively, and vertical slide block 25 is docked with vertical guide 26, then orienting lug 23 is snapped onto in Coupling Shaft 10.
) check the correctness of each component locations, and finely tuned, make it to meet the requirement of structural experiment.
) the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 be installed.By experiment, collect the data of the first displacement meter 39 and the second displacement meter 40, the displacement of the lines at stressed each stage member 1 top can be pushed away to obtain by both mean value, the torsion angle at stressed each stage member 1 top can be pushed away to obtain by both differences divided by the distance between the first displacement meter 39 and the second displacement meter 40.
) the strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS).
) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal.
) formally load.First apply axle pressure by vertical force lifting jack 9 to member 1, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage is tested and finished by horizontal force actuator 2 to member 1 again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, constantly collection experiment desired data, gathers the eigenwert stressed with recording member 1 and at least should comprise: cracking load and corresponding distortion, yield load and corresponding distortion, peak load and corresponding distortion, ultimate deformation and corresponding load and the hysteresis loop of the dull load-deformation curve loading or low Zhou Fanfu loading etc. thereof thereof thereof thereof; Observing and record crack occurs with the rule developing and destroys the experimental phenomenas such as form.
adopt the device in the present embodiment to carry out the experiment of a collection of member, the experimental technique of its 2nd later member (comprising the 2nd) is as follows:
1) with cucurbit, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are hung, remove the member of having tested, this experiment member 1 is installed.
) with bolt 5, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are fixed on to the top of member 1.
) from member 1 end face, rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13 are upwards installed successively.
) check the correctness of each component locations, and finely tuned, make it to meet the requirement of structural experiment.
) the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 be installed.By experiment, collect the data of displacement meter 39 and 40, can push away to obtain the displacement of the lines at stressed each stage member 1 top by both mean value, can push away to obtain the torsion angle at stressed each stage member 1 top by both differences divided by the distance between displacement meter 39 and 40.
) the strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS).
) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal.
) formally load.First apply axle pressure by vertical force lifting jack 9 to member 1, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage is tested and finished by horizontal force actuator 2 to member 1 again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, constantly collection experiment desired data, gathers the eigenwert stressed with recording member 1 and at least should comprise: cracking load and corresponding distortion, yield load and corresponding distortion, peak load and corresponding distortion, ultimate deformation and corresponding load and the hysteresis loop of the dull load-deformation curve loading or low Zhou Fanfu loading etc. thereof thereof thereof thereof; Observing and record crack occurs with the rule developing and destroys the experimental phenomenas such as form.
visible, 4) ~ 8) with 12 in the experimental technique of the 1st member) ~ 16) identical.
the present invention adopts a horizontal force actuator 2 to apply horizontal force to member 1, the inertial force that just can simulated earthquake time, floor quality produces, make member 1 be subject to synchronizeing with this horizontal force the effect of the shearing, moment of flexure and the moment of torsion that change, the stress of its stress during with actual seismic conforms to, this experimental principle and methodological science, operation and controlling is easy.
more than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a component composition is subject to twisting experimental device, comprise the two Pin reaction frames that are fixed on basic terrace, two ends are fixed on the reaction beam of reaction frame upper end, be fixed on the counter force wall in reaction beam left side, member is fixed on basic terrace, it is characterized in that, also comprise the vertical force loading system that member is applied to vertical force, member is applied to the horizontal force loading system of horizontal force, meet member axial deformation, the member top line displacement guidance system that flexural deformation and detrusion need and the basic displacement restriction system of fixed component position, wherein, the position of described vertical force loading system is corresponding with the tip position of member, described vertical force loading system adopts thrust roller bearing to be connected with the force side of member, described horizontal force loading system is arranged at member left side and is fixedly connected on counter force wall, and described horizontal force loading system only arranges an electro-hydraulic servo actuator that applies horizontal force, described member top line displacement guidance system two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, in the middle of described member top displacement guidance system, horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are set, and described horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are connected in member top, described basic displacement restriction system is close to member two ends, bottom and is fixedly connected on basic terrace.
2. component composition according to claim 1 is subject to twisting experimental device, it is characterized in that, described vertical force loading system comprises the lifting jack, thrust roller bearing, installation sleeve, bearing plate, rubber blanket, slide block and the guide rail that apply vertical force, wherein, between described lifting jack lower end and thrust roller bearing, be provided with Coupling Shaft, described installation sleeve is placed on thrust roller bearing bottom, sets gradually from top to bottom bearing plate and rubber blanket between described thrust roller bearing and member; Described lifting jack upper end is connected with steel plate with slide block, and described slide block can translation gliding in guide rail, and described guide rail is fixedly connected with reaction beam with bolt with steel plate.
3. component composition according to claim 2 is subject to twisting experimental device, it is characterized in that, described horizontal force loading system comprises the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, loading beam and the Jia Liang that apply horizontal force, wherein, described electro-hydraulic servo actuator one end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the other end acts on loading beam one end by ball pivot, and the other end of described loading beam adopts bolt to be fixedly connected with folder beam, and the top of member is clamped between loading beam and folder beam.
4. component composition according to claim 3 is subject to twisting experimental device, it is characterized in that, described member top line displacement guidance system comprises orienting lug, vertical slide block, vertical guide, cross sliding clock, horizontal guide rail and guide beam, wherein, described guide beam two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, described horizontal guide rail is fixed on guide beam middle part with steel plate and bolt, described cross sliding clock is arranged in horizontal guide rail and can translation gliding in horizontal guide rail, described vertical guide is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with cross sliding clock, described vertical slide block is arranged in vertical guide and can translation gliding in vertical guide, described orienting lug one end is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with vertical slide block, the orienting lug other end is clamped the Coupling Shaft that connects lifting jack and thrust roller bearing in described vertical force loading system.
5. component composition according to claim 3 is subject to twisting experimental device, it is characterized in that, described basic displacement restriction system comprises basis pressure beam, front steel case beam, rear steel case beam and end carriage, wherein, described basis presses beam to adopt ground anchor bolt that member is fixed on to basic terrace, the both sides of described front steel case beam and rear steel case beam clamping component, between described front steel case beam and member, be also provided with successively spacing lifting jack and billet, the described front steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the described rear steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on end carriage, described end carriage is fixedly connected on basic terrace with ground anchor bolt.
6. application rights requires experimental provision described in 1～5 any one to carry out component composition to be turned round the method for experiment, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) use basic displacement restriction system that member is fixed on the terrace of laboratory;
(2) horizontal force loading system is installed;
(3) vertical force loading system is installed;
(4) installation component top line displacement guidance system;
(5) displacement meter of installation testing displacement of the lines and torsional deflection;
(6) the strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside is connected to data acquisition system (DAS);
(7) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal;
(8) formally load, first apply axle pressure by the lifting jack in vertical force loading system to member, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage by the actuator in horizontal force loading system to member again, horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, constantly gather experiment desired data, observe and record experimental phenomena, if cancel and apply axle pressure link in above-mentioned steps, it is the bending and twisting performance test of member.
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