A kind of component composition is subject to twisting experimental device and method
Technical field
the invention belongs to the structure experiment technical field, relate in particular to experimental provision and the method for a kind of concrete component or Steel Reinforced Concrete Members subjected to combined torsion under the axial pressure effect.
Background technology
being turned round is one of basic stress form of structural elements, if load, member and end reaction, not in same plane, will produce moment of torsion on member section.Therefore, in civil engineering structure, be subject to the member ubiquity of torsional interaction, but be subject to pure turn round and pressurized is turned round or bending or cut such as turns round at the situation that simple composite turned round few, mostly in pressure, moment of flexure, shear and torsion (be called for short: Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion) or moment of flexure, shear and torsion (be called for short: bending and twisting) subjected to combined torsion state, while being turned round as vertical members such as framework corner posts usually in Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion state, and the levels such as horizontal curved beam, Frame Side Beam while being turned round to member usually in bending and twisting subjected to combined torsion state.Particularly under geological process, the vertical member subjected to combined torsion in irregular structure is obvious, and especially corner post is more outstanding, easily destroys in earthquake and causes structural collapse.Along with the enhancing of overall national strength, the building with unique profile increases increasingly, and irregular structure is also just increasing, and China is positioned between the world's two violent earthquake bands (circum-Pacific seismic zone and Eurasian seismic zone) simultaneously, is earthquake country more than.Therefore, the civil engineering structure member of subjected to combined torsion is carried out to experimental study and theoretical analysis is not only the needs of scientific and reasonable designed component, and very important social effect is arranged.
at present, due to the restriction that is subject to experimental provision and method, study purely turn round, press turn round bending or the experiment of cutting under the state of turning round more, and the experiment of research Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion or bending and twisting subjected to combined torsion seldom, and existing a small amount of subjected to combined torsion experiment remains in following main deficiency: 1) stress of member is not inconsistent during the stressed and actual seismic of member.Existing Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion experiment keeps pressure, shearing and moment of flexure constant usually, only changes moment of torsion until component damage.And during actual seismic, pressure substantially constant in vertical member, shearing is mainly the inertial force that the horizontal earthquake motion produces, and moment of flexure and moment of torsion change along with the variation of this shearing.2) experimental technique complexity, the inadequate science of experimental provision, and multiple spot loading, in experimentation, the operation and controlling difficulty is large.
as everyone knows, seismic motion is very complicated, wherein engineering structure is had the greatest impact normally along buildings, horizontal horizontal earthquake moves.For the impact of simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake motion on the structural elements performance, the researchist is in the process of research and development subjected to combined torsion experimental provision and method, the main difficulty run into has: 1) common be subject to curved, cut, in the experiment of pressurized and tension, acting force, member and end reaction are in a plane, so its experimental provision is relative with method simple.And turned round while testing, acting force, member and end reaction be not in a plane, be a space-load, its experimental provision and method will be complicated many, and experimental provision and the method for especially researching and developing transverse horizontal geological process lower member subjected to combined torsion are just more difficult.For simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake action lower member can reverse and can only be out of shape along transverse horizontal, subjected to combined torsion experiment is so far taked to apply the Action of Gravity Field of constant vertical force with model configuration at the member top by a vertical force lifting jack, shearing and moment of flexure that when center, member top applies constant horizontal force with simulated earthquake by a level jack, member is subject to, apply a pair of equal and opposite in direction in the left and right sides, member top by two horizontal tension and compression lifting jack (or actuator), opposite direction, and the horizontal force that active line the keeps at a certain distance away moment of torsion that member is subject to during with simulated earthquake, although such experiment has been simulated transverse horizontal geological process lower member and can have been reversed and can only be out of shape along transverse horizontal, but shortcoming is: experimentation need to be controlled four acting forces simultaneously, the experiment difficulty is large, simultaneously the stress of member is not inconsistent during the stressed and actual seismic of member.2) torsional deflection of subjected to combined torsion so far experiment member is to realize by a ball pivot, but, because the required vertical load of structural experiment is large, the ball pivot that can bear such load had not both had standard component, if the finishing expense is high again.Therefore, all adopt during experiment and do not pass through accurately machined ball pivot, certainly will bring certain experimental error like this.
therefore, invent a kind of scientific and reasonable, simple and feasible, component composition is turned round during the simulate for lateral horizontal earthquake action well again experimental provision and method are very necessary, this is conducive to study better force-mechanism and the destructive characteristics of subjected to combined torsion member, be conducive to scientific and reasonable, economy and design reliably the subjected to combined torsion member, guarantee structural safety.
Summary of the invention
the present invention seeks to: when a kind of stressed and actual seismic that makes member is provided, the stress of member conforms to, and installs scientific and reasonable, that method is simple and feasible subjected to combined torsion experimental provision and method.
technical scheme of the present invention is:
a kind of component composition is subject to twisting experimental device, comprise the two Pin reaction frames that are fixed on basic terrace, two ends are fixed on the reaction beam of reaction frame upper end, be fixed on the counter force wall in reaction beam left side, member is fixed on basic terrace, it is characterized in that, also comprise the vertical force loading system that member is applied to vertical force, member is applied to the horizontal force loading system of horizontal force, meet the member axial deformation, the member top line displacement guidance system that flexural deformation and detrusion need and the basic displacement restriction system of fixed component position, wherein, the position of described vertical force loading system is corresponding with the tip position of member, described vertical force loading system adopts thrust roller bearing to be connected with the force side of member, described horizontal force loading system is arranged at the member left side and is fixedly connected on counter force wall, and described horizontal force loading system only arranges an electro-hydraulic servo actuator that applies horizontal force, described member top line displacement guidance system two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, in the middle of described member structure top line displacement guidance system, horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are set, and described horizontal guide rail mechanism and vertical guide mechanism are connected in the member top, described basic displacement restriction system is close to member two ends, bottom and is fixedly connected on basic terrace.
the effect of reaction beam and reaction frame is to bear member is applied to the reacting force that a constant vertical force produces.Wherein: member and reaction frame are fixed on the terrace of laboratory; Reaction frame has two Pin, and the horizontal girder steel that every Pin is fixed in vertical steel column by two vertical steel columns that are fixed in the laboratory terrace and two two ends forms.
further, described vertical force loading system comprises the lifting jack, thrust roller bearing, installation sleeve, bearing plate, rubber blanket, slide block and the guide rail that apply vertical force, wherein, be provided with Coupling Shaft between described lifting jack lower end and thrust roller bearing, described installation sleeve is placed in the thrust roller bearing bottom, sets gradually from top to bottom bearing plate and rubber blanket between described thrust roller bearing and member; Described lifting jack upper end is connected with steel plate with slide block, and described slide block can translation gliding in guide rail, and described guide rail is fixedly connected with reaction beam with bolt with steel plate.
and the horizontal slip on guide rail by slide block, to meet the requirement of vertical force loading system and the line synchro displacement of member top.This vertical force loading system with the maximum difference of existing similar experiment is: select thrust roller bearing to replace ball pivot, and by the horizontally rotating of thrust roller bearing, to meet the needs of member torsional deflection.Thrust roller bearing have advantages of vertical bearing capacity large, around level to can 360 ° rotations, when vertically being not less than 15 ° of rotation, rotation frictional influence little, these advantages meet the requirement that construction torsion is tested just; And thrust roller bearing has standardized product, its price is cheap more than the finishing ball pivot.
further, described horizontal force loading system comprises the electro-hydraulic servo actuator, loading beam and the Jia Liang that apply horizontal force, wherein, described electro-hydraulic servo actuator one end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the other end acts on loading beam one end by ball pivot, the other end of described loading beam adopts bolt to be fixedly connected with the folder beam, and the top of member is clamped between loading beam and folder beam.
this horizontal force loading system with the maximum difference of existing similar experiment is: only by an actuator, apply horizontal force, than existing similar experiment, adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply horizontal force, its experiment operation and controlling wants easy to be many, and the stress of member conforms to during the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member.
further, described member top line displacement guidance system comprises orienting lug, vertical slide block, vertical guide, cross sliding clock, horizontal guide rail and guide beam, wherein, described guide beam two ends are fixedly connected on reaction frame, described horizontal guide rail is fixed in the guide beam middle part with steel plate and bolt, described cross sliding clock is arranged in horizontal guide rail and can translation gliding in horizontal guide rail, described vertical guide is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with cross sliding clock, described vertical slide block is arranged in vertical guide and can translation gliding in vertical guide, described orienting lug one end is fixedly connected with bolt with steel plate with vertical slide block, the orienting lug other end is clamped the Coupling Shaft that connects lifting jack and thrust roller bearing in described vertical force loading system.
slip by vertical slide block on vertical guide, to meet the needs of member axial deformation; Slip by cross sliding clock on horizontal guide rail, to meet the needs of member bending deformation and detrusion.The invention of this system has realized using an actuator to apply horizontal force just can realize that existing similar experiment need adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply the effect that horizontal force just can reach, thereby makes experimental implementation easy to be many with control.
further, described basic displacement restriction system comprises basis pressure beam, front steel case beam, rear steel case beam and end carriage, wherein, described basis presses beam to adopt ground anchor bolt that member is fixed in to basic terrace, the both sides of described front steel case beam and rear steel case beam clamping component, also be provided with successively spacing lifting jack and billet between described front steel case beam and member, the described front steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on counter force wall, the described rear steel case beam other end is fixedly connected on end carriage, and described end carriage is fixedly connected on basic terrace with ground anchor bolt.The effect of this system is that the displacements such as whole translation of rigid body and perk do not occur on the basis that guarantees member in experimentation.This system is identical with existing similar experiment.
apply above-mentioned experimental provision and carry out the method that component composition is turned round experiment, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) use the basic displacement restriction system that member is fixed on the terrace of laboratory;
(2) the horizontal force loading system is installed;
(3) the vertical force loading system is installed;
(4) installation component top line displacement guidance system;
(5) displacement meter of installation testing displacement of the lines and torsional deflection;
(6) strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS);
(7) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal;
(8) the formal loading.At first apply axle pressure by the lifting jack in the vertical force loading system to member, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage by the actuator in the horizontal force loading system to member again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, constantly gather the experiment desired data, observe and record experimental phenomena, if cancel and apply the axle pressure link in above-mentioned steps, be the bending and twisting performance test of member.
member can be reinforced concrete member, Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, steel member or other structured material members.If reinforced concrete member or Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, should take to add at the top of member the measures such as steel bushing or wrap carbon fiber, to prevent member top concrete local compression, destroy.
experiment can be dull loading experiment, can be also low Zhou Fanfu loading experiment.Load mode has displacement control, load to control and load-displacement mixes three kinds of controls, and suggestion is selected displacement control or load-displacement to mix and controlled.
this experimental provision and method have overcome the deficiency of existing similar experimental provision and method, the experimental principle science, the experimentation operation and controlling is easy, experimental provision is easy to assembly, plug and play, can be recycled, experimental result meets the subjected to combined torsion performance of structural elements under horizontal earthquake action, for subjected to combined torsion mechanism and the anti-seismic performance that discloses structural elements provides experiment to guarantee.
advantage of the present invention is:
1) member top line displacement guidance system is initiated in this experimental provision, the invention of this system has realized using an actuator to apply horizontal force just can realize that existing similar experiment need adopt two actuator and a lifting jack to apply the effect that horizontal force just can reach, thereby makes experimental implementation easy to be many with control.Simultaneously, when the application of this system makes the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member, the stress of member conforms to, the shortcoming that while having overcome existing similar experiment, the member stress state is not inconsistent during the stressed and actual transverse horizontal geological process of member.
) select thrust roller bearing to replace ball pivot, and by the horizontally rotating of thrust roller bearing, to meet the needs of member torsional deflection.Thrust roller bearing have advantages of vertical bearing capacity large, around level to can 360 ° rotations, when vertically being not less than 15 ° of rotation, rotation frictional influence little, these advantages meet the requirement that construction torsion is tested just; And thrust roller bearing has standardized product, its price is cheap more than the finishing ball pivot.
experimental provision of the present invention and method have overcome the deficiency of existing similar experimental provision and method, the experimental principle science, the experimentation operation and controlling is easy, experimental provision is easy to assembly, plug and play, can be recycled, experimental result meets the subjected to combined torsion performance of structural elements under horizontal earthquake action, for subjected to combined torsion mechanism and the anti-seismic performance that discloses structural elements provides experiment to guarantee.
The accompanying drawing explanation
below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
fig. 1 is the experimental provision elevation drawing, the orthograph obtained from B-B slice location and the projecting direction of Fig. 2;
fig. 2 is the experimental provision planimetric map, the orthograph obtained from A-A slice location and the projecting direction of Fig. 1;
the C-C sectional view that Fig. 3 is Fig. 2;
the right view that Fig. 4 is loading beam;
the left view that Fig. 5 is loading beam;
the vertical view that Fig. 6 is loading beam;
the A-A sectional view that Fig. 7 is Fig. 6;
the B-B sectional view that Fig. 8 is Fig. 6;
fig. 9 is the left view of folder beam;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 10 is Fig. 9;
the B-B sectional view that Figure 11 is Figure 10;
the vertical view that Figure 12 is Coupling Shaft;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 13 is Figure 12;
the vertical view that Figure 14 is thrust roller bearing bottom installation sleeve;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 15 is Figure 14;
the upward view that Figure 16 is bearing plate;
the vertical view that Figure 17 is bearing plate;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 18 is Figure 17;
figure 19 is the vertical view of the steel plate of connection vertical force lifting jack and slide block;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 20 is Figure 19;
the vertical view of the steel plate that Figure 21 is mounting guide rail;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 22 is Figure 21;
the left view that Figure 23 is orienting lug;
the vertical view that Figure 24 is orienting lug;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 25 is Figure 24;
the B-B sectional view that Figure 26 is Figure 24;
figure 27 is the front view of connection orienting lug with the steel plate of vertical slide block;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 28 is Figure 27;
figure 29 is the front view of the steel plate of installation vertical guide and cross sliding clock;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 30 is Figure 29;
the vertical view that Figure 31 is guide beam;
the front view that Figure 32 is guide beam;
the A-A sectional view that Figure 33 is Figure 32.
illustrate: in the above map title, the orientation of front view, left view, vertical view isometric drawing title is all determined by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
wherein: 1. member, 2. horizontal force actuator, 3. loading beam, 4. folder beam, 5. connect loading beam and the bolt that presss from both sides beam, 6. connect the steel plate of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, 7. connect the bolt of horizontal force actuator and loading beam, 8. counter force wall, 9. vertical force lifting jack, 10. connect the Coupling Shaft of vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, 11. thrust roller bearing, 12. the installation sleeve of thrust roller bearing bottom, 13. bearing plate, 14. rubber blanket, 15. connect the steel plate of vertical force lifting jack and slide block, 16. slide block, 17. guide rail, 18. the steel plate of mounting guide rail, 19. the steel plate of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, 20. the bolt of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, 21. reaction beam, 22. reaction frame, 23. orienting lug, 24. connect the steel plate of orienting lug and vertical slide block, 25. vertical slide block, 26. vertical guide, 27. the steel plate of vertical guide and cross sliding clock is installed, 28. cross sliding clock, 29. horizontal guide rail, 30. guide beam, 31. beam is pressed on basis, 32. the ground anchor bolt of beam is pressed on basis, 33. the front steel case beam of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, 34. basic spacing lifting jack, 35. the billet of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, 36. the rear steel case beam of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, 37. the end carriage of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, 38. the ground anchor bolt of end carriage, 39. the first displacement meter, 40. the second displacement meter.
Embodiment
below in conjunction with specific embodiment, such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiment are not limited to limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.The implementation condition adopted in embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete engineering, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in normal experiment.
embodiment:
the present embodiment provides a kind of experimental provision that carries out the structural elements subjected to combined torsion, has carried out the Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear And Torsion subjected to combined torsion experiment of 30 Steel Reinforced Concrete Members, and its structure is as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, comprise horizontal force actuator 2, loading beam 3, folder beam 4, connect loading beam and the bolt 5 that presss from both sides beam, the steel plate 6 that connects horizontal force actuator and loading beam, the bolt 7 that connects horizontal force actuator and loading beam, counter force wall 8, vertical force lifting jack 9, the Coupling Shaft 10 that connects vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, thrust roller bearing 11, the installation sleeve 12 of thrust roller bearing bottom, bearing plate 13, rubber blanket 14, the steel plate 15 that connects vertical force lifting jack and slide block, slide block 16, guide rail 17, the steel plate 18 of mounting guide rail, the steel plate 19 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, the bolt 20 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, reaction beam 21, reaction frame 22, orienting lug 23, the steel plate 24 that connects orienting lug and vertical slide block, vertical slide block 25, vertical guide 26, the steel plate 27 of vertical guide and cross sliding clock is installed, cross sliding clock 28, horizontal guide rail 29, guide beam 30, beam 31 is pressed on basis, the ground anchor bolt 32 on basis, the front steel case beam 33 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the spacing lifting jack 34 in basis, the billet 35 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the rear steel case beam 36 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the end carriage 37 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the ground anchor bolt 38 of end carriage, the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40, pump house and the control system thereof of power are provided to the moving device 2 of horizontal masterpiece, oil pump and the pressure stabilizing device of power are provided to vertical force lifting jack 9 and basic spacing lifting jack 34, and carry out data acquisition equipment of structural experiment indispensability etc.
wherein: horizontal force actuator 2, vertical force lifting jack 9, thrust roller bearing 11, slide block 16, guide rail 17, vertical slide block 25, vertical guide 26, cross sliding clock 28, horizontal guide rail 29, basic spacing lifting jack 34, the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 etc. are standardized products.
connect loading beam and the bolt 5 that presss from both sides beam, the steel plate 6 that connects horizontal force actuator and loading beam, the bolt 7 that connects horizontal force actuator and loading beam, counter force wall 8, rubber blanket 14, the steel plate 19 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, the bolt 20 of connection guide rail steel plate and reaction beam, reaction beam 21, reaction frame 22, beam 31 is pressed on basis, the ground anchor bolt 32 on basis, the front steel case beam 33 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the billet 35 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the rear steel case beam 36 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the end carriage 37 of restriction horizontal displacement of foundation, the ground anchor bolt 38 of end carriage, pump house and the control system thereof of power are provided to the moving device of horizontal masterpiece, oil pump and the pressure stabilizing device of power are provided to vertical force lifting jack and basic spacing lifting jack, and the data acquisition equipment that carries out the structural experiment indispensability etc. is the existing instrument and equipment in laboratory or conventional products.
steel plate 18, the orienting lug 23 of installation sleeve 12, the bearing plate 13 of loading beam 3, folder beam 4, the Coupling Shaft 10 that connects vertical force lifting jack and thrust roller bearing, thrust roller bearing bottom, the steel plate 15 that is connected vertical force lifting jack and slide block, mounting guide rail, the steel plate 27 that is connected orienting lug and vertically steel plate 24, installation vertical guide and the cross sliding clock of slide block, guide beam 30 etc. are the parts that emphasis of the present invention is researched and developed and designed.
as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, reaction frame 22 has two Pin, the horizontal girder steel that every Pin is fixed in vertical steel column by two vertical steel columns that are fixed in the laboratory terrace and two two ends forms, two Pin reaction frames form spatial integral structure by reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30, and be fixed on the terrace of laboratory, for bearing, member 1 is applied to the reacting force that vertical axle pressure produces.The two ends of reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30 all are fixed on reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21 be positioned at member 1 directly over, guide beam 30 is positioned at the rear of member 1.Counter force wall 8 is fixed on the terrace of laboratory, and is positioned at the left side of member 1, for bearing, member 1 is applied to the reacting force that horizontal force produces.Member 1 is fixed on the terrace of laboratory by the basic displacement restriction system, the left side of loading beam 3 next-door neighbour's members 1, and the right side of folder beam 4 next-door neighbour's members 1, be fixed on loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 top of member 1 tightly by four bolts 5.A steel bushing has just been installed at member 1 top before casting concrete, and steel bushing is than the wide 10mm of loading beam 3, and the subjected to combined torsion with the local failure that prevents the member top concrete prior to member 1 destroys.By steel plate 6 and four bolts 7, horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 are linked together, and realize the hinged of horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 by the ball pivot of horizontal force actuator 2 self end.From member 1 end face, install successively from bottom to up rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13, thrust roller bearing bottom installation sleeve 12, thrust roller bearing 11, connect the steel plate 18 of vertical force lifting jack and Coupling Shaft 10, the vertical force lifting jack 9 of thrust roller bearing, the steel plate 15 that is connected vertical force lifting jack and slide block, slide block 16, guide rail 17, mounting guide rail.Wherein: rubber blanket 14 play levelling and by the axle pressure Transmit evenly to member 1; By thrust roller bearing 11 and the relative level of its underpart installation sleeve 12, rotate, to meet the needs of member 1 torsional deflection; Slip by slide block 16 on guide rail 17, produce the requirement of displacement of the lines with flexural deformation and the detrusion that meets member 1 at its top.Use six bolts that the Coupling Shaft of thrust roller bearing 10 and vertical force lifting jack 9 are linked together; Use four bolts that vertical force lifting jack 9 and steel plate 15 are linked together; Totally four of slide blocks 16, every is arranged on steel plate 15 with four bolts; Guide rail 17 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 18 with seven bolts; With two block plates 19 and four bolts 20, steel plate 18 is fixed on reaction beam 21.Orienting lug 23 is processed by same steel plate one, finally be split into orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix, at first orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are entangled to Coupling Shaft 10, with four bolts, orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are linked together again, and tightly clamp Coupling Shaft 10, the other end of orienting lug 23 links together with six bolts and steel plate 24; Vertical slide block 25 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 24 with four bolts; Vertical guide 26 has two, and every is arranged on steel plate 27 with four bolts; Cross sliding clock 28 has four, and every is arranged on steel plate 27 with four bolts; Horizontal guide rail 29 has two, and every is arranged on guide beam 30 with ten bolts.
the structure of loading beam 3 is as shown in Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 8, its main body is the I-beam be welded by three block plates, and being welded with transverse stiffener, four holes in Fig. 4 are for folder beam 4, being connected use, and strengthen with a block plate and two longitudinal stiffeners at join domain.
the structure of folder beam 4 is as shown in Fig. 9 ~ Figure 11, and its main body is the I-beam be welded by three block plates, and leaves four holes, and for being connected with loading beam 3, and the surrounding in each hole is welded with a steel plate cylinder, for the reinforcement to join domain.
the structure of Coupling Shaft 10 as shown in Figure 12 ~ Figure 13, be through forging blanking, rough turn, modified, finish turning, brill is attacked and the processing of turning blue forms.Six holes on Coupling Shaft 10 tops are for being connected with vertical force lifting jack 9, lower recess is for installed thrust roller bearing 11, four holes of bottom surrounding are for being connected with the installation sleeve 12 of thrust roller bearing bottom, with four springs, be connected between the two, so that while carrying out the experiment of a collection of member, second member rises, and thrust roller bearing 11 and installation sleeve 12 thereof are without dismounting.
the structure of installation sleeve 12, as shown in Figure 14 ~ Figure 15, is through modified, car, grinds, mills, bores and the processing of turning blue forms.The corner cut of its left and right sides is reliable in order with bearing plate 13, to contact closely, to be connected.Four holes of its surrounding are for being connected with Coupling Shaft 10, connected with four springs between the two, so that while carrying out the experiment of a collection of member, second member rises, and thrust roller bearing 11 and installation sleeve 12 thereof are without dismounting.
the structure of bearing plate 13 as shown in Figure 16 ~ Figure 18, be through modified, grind, mill, brill, sandblast and the processing of turning blue form.On its left and right sides, turn over is in order to be connected reliably with installation sleeve 12.
connect the structure of steel plate 15 of vertical force lifting jack and slide block as shown in Figure 19 ~ Figure 20, be through modified, grind, mill, drilling and tapping and the bright chromium of plating processes.16 holes that on it, specification is identical are that four holes that all the other specifications are identical are for vertical force lifting jack 9 is installed for four slide blocks 16 are installed.
the structure of the steel plate 18 of mounting guide rail as shown in Figure 21 ~ Figure 22, be through modified, grind, mill, drilling and tapping and the bright chromium of plating processes.14 holes that on it, specification is identical are for two guide rails 17 are installed, and four holes that all the other specifications are identical are for by steel plate 19 and bolt 20, steel plate 18 being fixed on to reaction beam 21.
the structure of orienting lug 23, as shown in Figure 23 ~ Figure 26, is through modified, flour milling, mills periphery, bores bottom outlet, bore hole, line cutting, mills the bright chromium of processing, tapping and plating and process.Orienting lug 23 is processed by same steel plate one, finally be split into orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix, at first orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are entangled to Coupling Shaft 10, with four bolts, orienting lug clamping plate and orienting lug matrix are linked together again, and tightly clamp Coupling Shaft 10, the other end of orienting lug 23 links together with six bolts and steel plate 24.
connect the structure of orienting lug and the steel plate 24 of vertical slide block as shown in Figure 27 ~ Figure 28, be through modified, grind, mill, drilling and tapping and the bright chromium of plating processes.Eight holes that on it, specification is identical are that six holes that all the other specifications are identical are for being connected with orienting lug 23 for two vertical slide blocks 25 are installed.
the structure of steel plate 27 of vertical guide and cross sliding clock is installed as shown in Figure 29 ~ Figure 30, be through modified, grind, mill, drilling and tapping and the bright chromium of plating processes.16 holes that on it, specification is identical are for four cross sliding clocks 28 are installed, and eight holes that all the other specifications are identical are for two vertical guide 26 are installed.
the structure of guide beam 30 is as shown in Figure 31 ~ Figure 33, its main body is the I-beam be welded by three block plates, and be welded with transverse stiffener, guide beam 30 middle parts are installed horizontal guide rail 29 zones and are welded with a block plate, on it, 20 holes are for two horizontal guide rails 29 are installed, and each eight holes, two ends are for being fixed in reaction frame 22 by guide beam 30.
adopt the device in the present embodiment to carry out the experiment of a collection of member, the experimental technique of its 1st member is as follows:
1) at first according to the size of each parts and equipment, calculate the installation site of reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21, guide beam 30, member 1 and horizontal force actuator 2.
) according to the position calculated, reaction frame 22, reaction beam 21 and guide beam 30 are installed.
) use the basic displacement restriction system that member 1 is fixed on to installation site.
) with being arranged on cucurbit on the counter force wall 8 top semi-girders horizontal force actuator 2 of slinging, and according to installation site, one end of horizontal force actuator 2 is fixed on counter force wall 8.
) on reaction beam 21, cucurbit is installed, and with cucurbit, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are sling, then loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are fixed on to the top of member 1 with bolt 5, then with steel plate 6 and bolt 7, horizontal force actuator 2 and loading beam 3 are linked together.
) from member 1 end face, the installation sleeve 12 of rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13, thrust roller bearing bottom upwards is installed successively.
) guide rail 17 is arranged on steel plate 18, the steel plate 18 use steel plates 19 and the bolt 20 that more install guide rail 17 are arranged on reaction beam 21.
) slide block 16 is arranged on steel plate 15, and vertical force lifting jack 9 is connected with steel plate 15, then slide block 16 is docked with guide rail 17.
) thrust roller bearing 11 is installed on Coupling Shaft 10, then Coupling Shaft 10 is docked with vertical force lifting jack 9, then with four springs, installation sleeve 12 is hung in to the bottom of Coupling Shaft 10.
) horizontal guide rail 29 is arranged on guide beam 30, then cross sliding clock 28, vertical guide 26 are connected with steel plate 27 respectively, and cross sliding clock 28 is docked with horizontal guide rail 29.
) orienting lug 23, vertical slide block 25 are connected with steel plate 24 respectively, and vertical slide block 25 is docked with vertical guide 26, then orienting lug 23 is snapped onto on Coupling Shaft 10.
) check the correctness of each component locations, and finely tuned, make it to meet the requirement of structural experiment.
) the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 be installed.Collect the data of the first displacement meter 39 and the second displacement meter 40 by experiment, the displacement of the lines at stressed each stage member 1 top can be pushed away to obtain by both mean value, by both difference, divided by the distance of 40 of the first displacement meter 39 and the second displacement meters, the torsion angle at stressed each stage member 1 top can be pushed away to obtain.
) strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS).
) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal.
) the formal loading.At first apply axle pressure by vertical force lifting jack 9 to member 1, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage is tested and finished by horizontal force actuator 2 to member 1 again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, the continuous experiment desired data that gathers gathers the eigenwert stressed with recording member 1 and at least should comprise: cracking load and corresponding distortion, yield load and corresponding distortion, peak load and corresponding distortion, ultimate deformation and corresponding load and the load-deformation curve of dull loading or the hysteresis loop that low Zhou Fanfu loads etc. thereof thereof thereof thereof; Observing and record crack occurs and the experimental phenomenas such as the rule developed and destruction form.
adopt the device in the present embodiment to carry out the experiment of a collection of member, the experimental technique of its 2nd later member (comprising the 2nd) is as follows:
1) with cucurbit, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are hung, remove the member of having tested, this experiment member 1 is installed.
) with bolt 5, loading beam 3 and folder beam 4 are fixed on to the top of member 1.
) from member 1 end face, rubber blanket 14, bearing plate 13 upwards are installed successively.
) check the correctness of each component locations, and finely tuned, make it to meet the requirement of structural experiment.
) the first displacement meter 39, the second displacement meter 40 be installed.Collect the data of displacement meter 39 and 40 by experiment, by both mean value, can push away to obtain the displacement of the lines at stressed each stage member 1 top, by both difference, divided by displacement meter 39 and 40 s' distance, can push away to obtain the torsion angle at stressed each stage member 1 top.
) strain measuring point of displacement meter, component inside etc. is connected to data acquisition system (DAS).
) preload, and whether detect whole experimental system work normal.
) the formal loading.At first apply axle pressure by vertical force lifting jack 9 to member 1, and keep this axle pressure constant; Apply horizontal force until component damage is tested and finished by horizontal force actuator 2 to member 1 again.Horizontal force from zero to maximum, be down to again 85% process of peak load, the continuous experiment desired data that gathers gathers the eigenwert stressed with recording member 1 and at least should comprise: cracking load and corresponding distortion, yield load and corresponding distortion, peak load and corresponding distortion, ultimate deformation and corresponding load and the load-deformation curve of dull loading or the hysteresis loop that low Zhou Fanfu loads etc. thereof thereof thereof thereof; Observing and record crack occurs and the experimental phenomenas such as the rule developed and destruction form.
visible, 4) ~ 8) with the experimental technique of the 1st member in 12) ~ 16) identical.
the present invention adopts 2 pairs of members 1 of a horizontal force actuator to apply horizontal force, the inertial force that in the time of just can simulated earthquake, the floor quality produces, make member 1 be subject to synchronizeing with this horizontal force the effect of the shearing, moment of flexure and the moment of torsion that change, the stress of its stress during with actual seismic conforms to, this experimental principle and methodological science, operation and controlling is easy.
above demonstration and described ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.