CN113498724A - Seedling growing method for tropical water lily - Google Patents
Seedling growing method for tropical water lily Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
- A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
- A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/14—Boron; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic plant cultivation, in particular to a seedling raising method of tropical water lily. The seedling raising method of the tropical water lily comprises the following steps: s1 seed selection and sand storage treatment: selecting full and glossy water lily seeds, and carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds; s2 breaking the skin of the seeds: s3 breaks dormancy: soaking the water lily seeds with the broken peel in a sodium hypochlorite solution, placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, and cleaning off metabolic products of the seeds; s4 seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking the seeds in a seed soaking solution, and soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination; and (3) culturing the S5 bud seedlings: transplanting the water lily buds with a seedling tray after 3 true leaves grow out; s6 priming of floating leaves: spraying pesticide and compound fertilizer when the water lily grows more than 5 true leaves; s7 transplanting and planting: when the water lily sprouts into 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out. The seedling raising method provided by the invention can break the dormancy of the tropical water lily seeds and improve the emergence rate of water lily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic plant cultivation, in particular to a seedling raising method of tropical water lily.
Background
Nymphaeaceae (Nymphacaceae) Nymphaea, a perennial aquatic herb and a beautiful water landscape ornamental plant. The water lily is divided into two types of cold-resistant water lily and tropical water lily according to the difference of growth temperature, wherein the tropical water lily is naturally distributed in the place with 20 degrees north latitude and 20 degrees south latitude, has various colors including bluish purple, and has obvious fragrance. In recent years, with the improvement of the living standard of people, the consumption of building small waterscape or aquaria at home is increasing, and the water lily is an essential important flower in the waterscape. Compared with cold-resistant water lily, the tropical water lily has the excellent characteristics of rich flower color, long flower period, fragrance and the like, and has market value.
The existing water lily propagation method mainly comprises two methods of seed and plant division. The water lily seed has waxy episperm on most surface, dark red or dark green color, compact cell arrangement, thick cell wall, and difficult water immersion, so that the seed cannot be swelled, and the water-impermeable layer causes the seed to be easy to sleep, so that the emergence rate of the water lily is low, usually only about 60%.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a seedling raising method of tropical water lily, which can break the dormancy of water lily seeds and improve the emergence rate of the water lily.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a seedling raising method of tropical water lily is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting seeds and storing sand: selecting full and glossy tropical water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds, uniformly mixing the selected seeds and wet sand according to a weight ratio of 1: 3-5, keeping a wet state, storing in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃, and sowing in spring;
s2), breaking the skin of the seeds: screening out the water lily seeds subjected to sand storage treatment from wet sand, cleaning the water lily seeds by using clear water, and carrying out physical skin breaking treatment on the water lily seeds, wherein the skin breaking depth is based on exposure of inner skins and no damage to seed embryos;
s3), breaking dormancy: soaking the peeled water lily seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5% for 20-30 min, and then fishing out, drying in the shade and airing for 30 min; then placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, washing the seeds with distilled water every day, and washing off metabolic products of the seeds;
s4), seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking the seeds in a water lily seed soaking solution for 10-30 min, washing the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination, and keeping the temperature at 24-26 ℃ and the illumination intensity at 2000-2800 Lx;
s5), sprout cultivation: after 3 true leaves of the water lily bud seedlings grow, transplanting the water lily bud seedlings by using a seedling tray, and then placing the seedling tray in a seedling pool, wherein the illumination intensity is kept to be 2500-3500 Lx, and the temperature is kept to be 22-24 ℃;
s6), priming floating leaves: when the water lily grows to have more than 5 true leaves, 0.07-0.12 g/m of pyraclostrobin wettable powder is sprayed on the water surface every 8-15 days2Applying 0.5-0.8 g/m of slow-release compound fertilizer2The composition is used for preventing insects and promoting hair growth;
s7), transplanting and planting: when the water lily seedlings germinate 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out, the planting density is 800-1000 seedlings/mu, and the water lily seedlings are planted in a full-light environment.
Preferably, the water lily seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.02-0.08 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.002-0.005 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.004-0.006 part of copper sulfate, 0.01-0.03 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.002-0.007 part of brassin, 0.001-0.003 part of glutamic acid, 0.03-0.07 part of boric acid and 600-900 parts of purified water, and the components are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the water lily seed soaking solution.
And the physical skin breaking is carried out by adopting ultrasonic treatment, the water lily seeds are placed in an ultrasonic cleaner and treated for 30-50 min at 26-30 ℃ and 60-80 Hz, and then the water lily seeds are taken out and washed by water for later use.
Stirring in a stirrer at the rotating speed of 25-50 r/min for 4-8 min, taking out after the stirring is finished, and washing with water for later use.
Preferably, in the step S7, the water depth of the water lily field is kept at 20-35 cm in spring, and is kept at 35-55 cm in summer.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a seedling raising method of water lily in the tropical zone, which can break dormancy of water lily seeds and improve the emergence rate of water lily. The method has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, through physical skin breaking and seed soaking for germination acceleration, dormancy of the water lily seeds is broken, activity of enzyme in the water lily seeds is enhanced, air permeability and water permeability of the seed coats are increased, and starch, protein and other substances in the seeds are favorably converted into soluble substances for absorption and utilization by embryos. After the treated seeds are used for raising seedlings, seedlings are strong, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are many and large, the occurrence degree of water lily diseases is obviously reduced, and the germination rate reaches more than 76%.
2. After the water lily seeds are subjected to low-temperature sand storage and after-ripening, the contents of abscisic acid and the like in the seeds are obviously reduced, the effect of inhibiting the seeds from sprouting is greatly weakened, and the dormancy is broken. Under the low temperature condition, the growth-stimulating gibberellin can be promoted to be generated, the activation of enzymes in the seeds can be promoted, nutrient substances begin to be converted, and the germination activity of the seeds is activated.
3. The seed soaking liquid prepared by the invention contains multiple substances which can promote the dormancy breaking of the water lily seeds, such as naphthylacetic acid, monopotassium phosphate, brassin, boric acid and the like, so that the negative effect generated by using a single germinator is avoided, and the seed soaking liquid also has the advantage of short germination accelerating time.
4. The method of the invention utilizes proper temperature change treatment, promotes the whole metabolism process of the seeds, eliminates the germination inhibiting substances, promotes the synthesis of hormones such as gibberellin and cytokinin, degrades or converts the inhibiting hormones such as abscisic acid and the like, thereby promoting the germination of the seeds.
5. The method is characterized in that the bud seedlings are transplanted into the seedling raising tray and placed in the seedling raising pool, and the seedlings are hardened in shallow water, so that the photosynthesis efficiency of underwater leaves of the bud seedlings of the tropical water lily is improved, and the development of floating leaves is accelerated. In the seed germination stage, proper temperature and light treatment are adopted, so that the germination rate, the germination potential and the germination index are all improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A seedling raising method of tropical water lily is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting seeds and storing sand: selecting full and glossy tropical water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds, uniformly mixing the selected seeds and wet sand according to a weight ratio of 1:4, keeping a wet state, storing the mixture in a refrigerator at 0 ℃, and sowing the mixture in spring;
s2), breaking the skin of the seeds: screening out the water lily seeds subjected to sand storage treatment from wet sand, cleaning the water lily seeds by using clear water, and carrying out physical skin breaking treatment on the water lily seeds, wherein the skin breaking depth is based on exposure of inner skins and no damage to seed embryos; the physical skin breaking adopts ultrasonic treatment, the water lily seeds are put into an ultrasonic cleaner and treated for 45min at the power of 27 ℃ and 70Hz, and then the water lily seeds are taken out and washed by water for standby.
Stirring in a stirrer, wherein the rotating speed of the stirrer is 30r/min, the stirring time is 4-8 min, taking out the obtained product after the stirring is finished, and washing the obtained product with water for later use.
S3), breaking dormancy: soaking the peeled water lily seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5% for 25min, then fishing out, drying in the shade and airing for 30 min; then placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, washing the seeds with distilled water every day, and washing off metabolic products of the seeds;
s4), seed soaking and germination accelerating: preparing water lily seed soaking liquid. The seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.05 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.004 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.005 part of copper sulfate, 0.02 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.005 part of brassin, 0.002 part of glutamic acid, 0.05 part of boric acid and 700 parts of purified water, and the components are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the water lily seed soaking liquid.
Soaking seeds in a water lily seed soaking solution for 20min, washing the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination, and keeping the temperature at 24-26 ℃ and the illumination at 2500 Lx;
s5), sprout cultivation: transplanting the water lily buds after 3 true leaves grow out, and then placing the seedling tray in a seedling pool, and keeping the illumination intensity of 3000Lx and the temperature of 22-24 ℃;
s6), priming floating leaves: when the water lily grows out of more than 5 true leaves, 0.09g/m of pyraclostrobin wettable powder is sprayed on the water surface every 8-15 days2Applying slow-release compound fertilizer 0.7g/m2The composition is used for preventing insects and promoting hair growth;
s7), transplanting and planting: when the water lily seedlings germinate 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out, the planting density is 900 seedlings/mu, and the full-light environment is adopted. The water depth of the water lily field is kept at 25cm in spring and at 40cm in summer.
The implementation process of the invention is as follows: through research, the water exchange and gas exchange of the seeds are prevented by the seed coat of the tropical water lily, which is one of the main reasons for causing the dormancy of the seeds. According to the method, the water lily seeds are subjected to after-ripening in a low-temperature sand storage manner, the contents of abscisic acid and the like in the seeds are obviously reduced in a low-temperature environment, the effect of inhibiting the seeds from sprouting is greatly weakened, and the dormancy is broken. Under the low temperature condition, the growth-stimulating gibberellin can be promoted to be generated, the activation of enzymes in the seeds can be promoted, nutrient substances begin to be converted, and the germination activity of the seeds is activated. Through adopting physics to break the skin and soak seed and accelerate germination, break the dormancy of water lily seed, strengthen the enzyme activity in the seed, increase the ventilative and water permeability of seed coat, the embryo can directly contact with the external world after the seed coat is damaged, guaranteed the moisture exchange of seed and external world, also prevented the suppression effect that the produced CO2 of embryo is outwards released by the seed coat simultaneously, avoided because of CO2 accumulate too much and metabolic disorder produce and accumulate the substance that inhibits sprouting and lead to the fact not germination, solved the problem of seed gas and moisture exchange obstacle because of the hard seed coat of seed causes, can show the rate of germination of improving. The prepared seed soaking liquid contains multiple substances which can promote the dormancy breaking of the water lily seeds, such as naphthylacetic acid, monopotassium phosphate, brassin, boric acid and the like, so that the negative effect generated by using a single germinator is avoided, and the seed soaking liquid also has the advantage of short germination accelerating time. After the treated seeds are used for raising seedlings, seedlings are strong, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are many and large, and the occurrence degree of water lily diseases is obviously reduced. Secondly, the method utilizes proper temperature change treatment, the seeds are firstly placed in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, the seeds are washed by distilled water every day, metabolic products of the seeds are washed away, the whole metabolic process of the seeds is promoted, germination inhibiting substances are eliminated, the synthesis of hormones such as gibberellin and cytokinin is promoted, and the inhibiting hormones such as abscisic acid are degraded or converted, so that the germination of the seeds is promoted. The method is characterized in that the bud seedlings are transplanted into the seedling raising tray and placed in the seedling raising pool, and the seedlings are hardened in shallow water, so that the photosynthesis efficiency of underwater leaves of the bud seedlings of the tropical water lily is improved, and the development of floating leaves is accelerated. In the seed germination stage, proper temperature and light treatment are adopted, so that the germination rate, the germination potential and the germination index are all improved.
Example 2
A seedling raising method of tropical water lily is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting seeds and storing sand: selecting full and glossy tropical water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds, uniformly mixing the selected seeds and wet sand according to a weight ratio of 1:3, keeping a wet state, storing the mixture in a refrigerator at 2 ℃, and sowing the mixture in spring;
s2), breaking the skin of the seeds: screening out the water lily seeds subjected to sand storage treatment from wet sand, cleaning the water lily seeds by using clear water, and carrying out physical skin breaking treatment on the water lily seeds, wherein the skin breaking depth is based on exposure of inner skins and no damage to seed embryos; and (3) carrying out physical skin breaking by adopting ultrasonic treatment, putting the water lily seeds into an ultrasonic cleaner, treating for 30min at 26-30 ℃ and 60Hz, taking out after completion, and washing with water for later use.
Stirring in a stirrer at the rotating speed of 25r/min for 4min, taking out after the stirring is finished, and washing with water for later use.
S3), breaking dormancy: soaking the peeled water lily seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5% for 20min, then fishing out, drying in the shade and airing for 30 min; then placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, washing the seeds with distilled water every day, and washing off metabolic products of the seeds;
s4), seed soaking and germination accelerating: preparing water lily seed soaking liquid. The seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.02 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.002 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.004 part of copper sulfate, 0.01 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.002 part of brassin, 0.001 part of glutamic acid, 0.03 part of boric acid and 600 parts of purified water, and the components are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the water lily seed soaking liquid.
Soaking seeds in a water lily seed soaking solution for 10min, washing the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination, keeping the temperature at 24-26 ℃, and keeping the illumination at 2000 Lx;
s5), sprout cultivation: after 3 true leaves of the water lily bud seedlings grow, transplanting the water lily bud seedlings by using a seedling tray, and then placing the seedling tray in a seedling pool, wherein the illumination intensity is kept at 2500Lx, and the temperature is kept at 22-24 ℃;
s6), priming floating leaves: when the water lily grows out of more than 5 true leaves, 0.07g/m of pyraclostrobin wettable powder is sprayed on the water surface every 8-15 days2Applying slow-release compound fertilizer 0.5g/m2The composition is used for preventing insects and promoting hair growth;
s7), transplanting and planting: when the water lily seedlings germinate 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out, the planting density is 800 seedlings/mu, and the full-light environment is adopted. The water depth of the water lily field is kept at 20cm in spring and 35cm in summer.
Example 3
A seedling raising method of tropical water lily is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting seeds and storing sand: selecting full and glossy tropical water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds, uniformly mixing the selected seeds and wet sand according to a weight ratio of 1:5, keeping a wet state, storing the mixture in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃, and sowing the mixture in spring;
s2), breaking the skin of the seeds: screening out the water lily seeds subjected to sand storage treatment from wet sand, cleaning the water lily seeds by using clear water, and carrying out physical skin breaking treatment on the water lily seeds, wherein the skin breaking depth is based on exposure of inner skins and no damage to seed embryos; and (3) carrying out physical skin breaking by adopting ultrasonic treatment, putting the water lily seeds into an ultrasonic cleaner, treating for 50min at 26-30 ℃ and 80Hz, taking out after completion, and washing with water for later use.
Stirring in a stirrer at the rotating speed of 50r/min for 8min, taking out after the stirring is finished, and washing with water for later use.
S3), breaking dormancy: soaking the peeled water lily seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5% for 30min, then fishing out, drying in the shade and airing for 30 min; then placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, washing the seeds with distilled water every day, and washing off metabolic products of the seeds;
s4), seed soaking and germination accelerating: preparing water lily seed soaking liquid. The seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.08 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.005 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.006 part of copper sulfate, 0.03 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.007 part of brassin, 0.003 part of glutamic acid, 0.07 part of boric acid and 900 parts of purified water, and the components are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the water lily seed soaking liquid.
Soaking seeds in a water lily seed soaking solution for 30min, washing the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination, and keeping the temperature at 24-26 ℃ and the illumination at 2800 Lx;
s5), sprout cultivation: after 3 true leaves of the water lily bud seedlings grow, transplanting the water lily bud seedlings by using a seedling tray, and then placing the seedling tray in a seedling pool, wherein the illumination intensity is kept at 3500Lx and the temperature is 22-24 ℃;
s6), priming floating leaves: when the water lily grows out of more than 5 true leaves, 0.12g/m of pyraclostrobin wettable powder is sprayed on the water surface every 8-15 days2Applying slow-release compound fertilizer 0.8g/m2The composition is used for preventing insects and promoting hair growth;
s7), cultivation: when the water lily seedlings germinate 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out, the planting density is 1000 seedlings/mu, and the full-light environment is adopted. The water depth of the water lily field is kept at 35cm in spring and at 55cm in summer.
Comparative test example:
3000 water lily seeds are randomly selected, evenly divided into three groups, and the same seedling raising method as in examples 1, 2 and 3 is adopted, after the treatment, the germination rate is counted and the growth vigor of seedlings is observed.
Comparative example 1: randomly selecting 1000 water lily seeds, soaking the seeds in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution, then soaking the seeds in a traditional 3mg/L IAA solution for germination acceleration, and counting the germination rate and observing the growth of the seedlings after the subsequent steps according to the same bud seedling culture and cultivation method of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2: randomly selecting 1000 water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment according to the embodiment 1, breaking the peel of the seeds and breaking dormancy, carrying out seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment by adopting a traditional 3mg/L IAA solution, and carrying out statistics on the germination rate and observation on the growth of seedlings according to the same bud seedling culture and cultivation method of the embodiment 1 in the subsequent steps. The results are summarized in Table 1.
TABLE 1 germination percentage of water lily seeds and growth vigor of seedlings
As can be seen from Table 1, the germination rate of the water lily seeds treated by the method is greatly improved compared with that of the water lily seeds treated by the comparative examples 1 and 2, the seedling raising effect is good, the obtained seedlings are stronger, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are more numerous and large, and the survival rate is higher. This shows that better results will be obtained by applying the seed treatment method of the present technology. Meanwhile, the comparison example 2 has inferior effect to the example 1, and it can be seen that the water lily seed soaking liquid prepared by the invention has better effect of accelerating germination of water lily seeds. The effect of the comparative example 2 is superior to that of the comparative example 1, which shows that sand storage treatment and physical skin breaking break through the dormancy of seeds and can improve the germination rate of the seeds and the growth vigor of later-stage seedlings.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A seedling raising method of tropical water lily is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1), selecting seeds and storing sand: selecting full and glossy tropical water lily seeds, carrying out sand storage treatment on the seeds, uniformly mixing the selected seeds and wet sand according to a weight ratio of 1: 3-5, keeping a wet state, storing in a refrigerator at 0-4 ℃, and sowing in spring;
s2), breaking the skin of the seeds: screening out the water lily seeds subjected to sand storage treatment from wet sand, cleaning the water lily seeds by using clear water, and carrying out physical skin breaking treatment on the water lily seeds, wherein the skin breaking depth is based on exposure of inner skins and no damage to seed embryos;
s3), breaking dormancy: soaking the peeled water lily seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5% for 20-30 min, and then fishing out, drying in the shade and airing for 30 min; then placing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 5-20 ℃ for 8-15 days, washing the seeds with distilled water every day, and washing off metabolic products of the seeds;
s4), seed soaking and germination accelerating: soaking the seeds in a water lily seed soaking solution for 10-30 min, washing the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in a clear water bottle for accelerating germination, and keeping the temperature at 24-26 ℃ and the illumination intensity at 2000-2800 Lx;
s5), sprout cultivation: after 3 true leaves of the water lily bud seedlings grow, transplanting the water lily bud seedlings by using a seedling tray, and then placing the seedling tray in a seedling pool, wherein the illumination intensity is kept to be 2500-3500 Lx, and the temperature is kept to be 22-24 ℃;
s6), priming floating leaves: when the water lily grows to have more than 5 true leaves, 0.07-0.12 g/m of pyraclostrobin wettable powder is sprayed on the water surface every 8-15 days2Applying 0.5-0.8 g/m of slow-release compound fertilizer2The composition is used for preventing insects and promoting hair growth;
s7), transplanting and planting: when the water lily seedlings germinate 2 or more floating leaves, field planting is carried out, the planting density is 800-1000 seedlings/mu, and the water lily seedlings are planted in a full-light environment.
2. The method for growing seedlings of tropical water lily according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the water lily seed soaking liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.02-0.08 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.002-0.005 part of monopotassium phosphate, 0.004-0.006 part of copper sulfate, 0.01-0.03 part of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 0.002-0.007 part of brassin, 0.001-0.003 part of glutamic acid, 0.03-0.07 part of boric acid and 600-900 parts of purified water, and the components are fully and uniformly mixed to obtain the water lily seed soaking solution.
3. The method for growing seedlings of tropical water lily according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: and the physical skin breaking is carried out by adopting ultrasonic treatment, the water lily seeds are placed in an ultrasonic cleaner and treated for 30-50 min at 26-30 ℃ and 60-80 Hz, and then the water lily seeds are taken out and washed by water for later use.
4. The method for growing seedlings of tropical water lily according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: stirring in a stirrer at the rotating speed of 25-50 r/min for 4-8 min, taking out after the stirring is finished, and washing with water for later use.
5. The method for growing seedlings of tropical water lily according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in the step S7, the water depth of the water lily field is kept at 20-35 cm in spring, and the water depth is kept at 35-55 cm in summer.
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