CN113494164A - 一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，包括芯材，所述芯材上端面固定贴附有木皮，其特征在于：在木皮上涂覆有一层UV阻燃涂料，且UV阻燃涂料上端面涂覆一层光固化耐磨地板涂料，所述光固化耐磨地板涂料由以下比例的成分组成：氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂10～15份，6官有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯10～20份，活性稀释剂20～40份，光引发剂3～6份，消光粉5～15份，耐磨粉2～5份，助剂1～3份。本发明涉及木地板技术领域。通过涂覆阻燃和耐磨层，地板表面硬度大,耐磨性好；阻燃效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及木地板技术领域，具体涉及一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板。
背景技术
木地板是指用木材制成的地板，中国生产的木地板主要分为实木地板、 强化木地板、实木复合地板、多层复合地板、竹材地板和软木地板六大类， 以及新兴的木塑地板。现有的木地板在房屋失火时容易助长火势，不利于控 制险情，同时，现有的木地板在使用时间长后容易出现磨损，导致表层出现 磨损现象。
紫外光固化材料是本世纪初发展得较快的一种成膜材料，广泛用于涂料、 粘合剂、油墨、3D打印等方面，特别是最近几年在应用中取代传统溶剂型涂 料，广泛在家具建材中的使用，对阻燃性要求都是特别高，传统的阻燃材料 都是靠冷拼入阻燃物质或者添加剂进行阻燃或降低可燃性。如果想有优化成 膜性能，利用成膜交联物质本身的阻燃来达到阻燃效果是很理想的做法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，以解决上述背景技 术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地 板，包括芯材，所述芯材上端面固定贴附有木皮，在木皮上涂覆有一层UV阻 燃涂料，且UV阻燃涂料上端面涂覆一层光固化耐磨地板涂料，所述光固化耐 磨地板涂料由以下比例的成分组成：氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂10～15份，6官有机 硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯10～20份，活性稀释剂20～40份，光引发剂3～6份，消光 粉5～15份，耐磨粉2～5份，助剂1～3份。
优选的，所述耐磨粉为氧化铝，底漆中通过加入氧化铝耐磨粉，获得较 高的耐磨性能，氧化铝陶瓷由于其具有较高的机械强度、硬度大,耐磨性好等 优点，氧化铝具有以下优点：具有较高的机械强度，硬度大，其洛氏硬度为 HRA80-90，仅次于金刚石，远远超过了耐磨钢和不锈钢；耐磨性能好。其耐 磨性相当于锰钢的266倍，高铬铸铁的171.5倍；化学稳定性好，电绝缘性 能优良、高频介电损耗小、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀、导热性良好以及生物相容 性好等特征。
优选的，所述芯材和木皮浸泡在阻燃剂中，且通过烘干成型。
优选的，所述UV阻燃涂料通过以下步骤进行加工：步骤一：压贴阻燃胶 水；步骤二：对表面进行砂光；步骤三：复合压贴阻燃胶水；步骤四：养生； 步骤五：切割成型，并涂覆UV阻燃涂料。
优选的，所述芯材底面固定贴附有平衡层，且平衡层底面涂覆有UV阻燃 底漆，多组所述木地板通过阻燃胶水进行拼接。
与现有技术相比，本发明一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，通过涂覆阻燃和 耐磨层，地板表面硬度大,耐磨性好；阻燃效果好。
具体实施方式
下面将结对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本 发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得 的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种技术方案：一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，包括芯材，所 述芯材上端面固定贴附有木皮，在木皮上涂覆有一层UV阻燃涂料，且UV阻 燃涂料上端面涂覆一层光固化耐磨地板涂料；
耐磨面漆耐磨原理：合成丙烯酸氟改性树脂，添加在配方中，在光固化 的过程中由于氟元素能快速迁移到涂层表面获得较低的表面能，从而获得极 低的摩擦系数，涂层表面手感滑爽，起到耐磨耐刮擦的作用；同时面漆的高 交联密度，获得硬度高，耐磨性能优异的特点；
合成丙烯酸氟改性树脂：其中氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂是如下物质的反应产 物：丙烯酸羟乙酯，用量为此反应总量的10％-20％，苯乙烯，用量为此反应总 量的10％-15％，丙烯酸异辛酯，用量为此反应总量的10％-20％，甲基丙烯酸二 甲氨基乙酯，用量为此反应总量的10％-15％，全氟葵基丙烯酸酯，用量为此反 应总量的5％-20％，丙烯酸异氰酸乙酯，含量为5％-10％，所述催化剂是偶氮类， 有机锡类但不限于，偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二异庚腈、二月桂酸二丁基锡，用 量为此反应总量的0.2％-0.4％。
将丙烯酸羟乙酯，苯乙烯，丙烯酸异辛酯，甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯， 全氟葵基丙烯酸酯，丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯在偶氮二异丁腈引发下，采用滴加的 方式，滴加2-3小时，在65-80℃下反应6-10小时制得含氟丙烯酸酯树脂； 再将含氟丙烯酸树脂与丙烯酸异氰基乙酯在催化剂和阻聚剂的作用下， 50-60℃反应3-5小时，引入光固化所需官能团，制得光敏性氟改性丙烯酸酯 树脂；
所述光固化耐磨地板涂料由以下比例的成分组成：氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂 10～15份，6官有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯10～20份，活性稀释剂20～40份，光引 发剂3～6份，消光粉5～15份，耐磨粉2～5份，助剂1～3份，所述耐磨粉为氧 化铝。
下面为光固化耐磨地板涂料涂覆工艺：
所述芯材和木皮浸泡在阻燃剂中，且通过烘干成型，UV阻燃涂料通过以 下步骤进行加工：步骤一：压贴阻燃胶水；步骤二：对表面进行砂光；步骤 三：复合压贴阻燃胶水；步骤四：养生；步骤五：切割成型，并涂覆UV阻燃 涂料，UV阻燃涂料是高固体含量的环保型的涂料；主要的成膜物质是含 C,H,O,N,P，这几种元素的高分子材料组成的，主要元素是C,H,两种化合物， 在紫外光照射下，光引发剂释放自由基，自由基打开低聚物的双键聚合交联成膜，成膜后的C含量很高，不易点燃，更不易燃烧；面漆中会添加一定比 例的抗氧阻聚的光引发材料，里面含有N，P这种更不易燃烧的两种元素，对 阻燃有较明显的帮助，UV涂料的填料添加了纳米级的耐磨材料，填充料，这 些材料本身是超耐高温材料及不燃烧材料，对阻燃帮助比较明显，UV涂料的 中添加部分的阻燃材料，主要是膨胀型的阻燃剂，当受热遇火时，涂料首先 膨胀碳化，阻止了热量向内部传递，延缓了材料受热时间及燃烧时间，从而有效的解决了阻燃的问题。
阻燃木地板的难燃性关键在于选择合适的配方和合理的工艺处理，一方 面改善木材性能，一方提高难燃保护。在阻燃地板遇到火时其中的阻燃剂与 木材产生的可燃焦油和可燃气体反应，从而转化为炭、二氧化碳和水并将可 燃气体稀释，因为炭的传热性低，可以起到隔热层的作用，使木材结构在火 灾中可以保持更长久的时间，而且阻燃作用是在火灾的热作用下自动产生的， 阻燃功效具体体现为以下几个方面：
水溶液浸泡木材阻燃，通过化学材料对木材实施喷涂法、浸泡法、蒸煮 法等进行化学处理，彻底改变木材性能，提高阻燃功效。
木材阻燃剂的添加木材阻燃剂的组分硼和GUP的酸性分解物，催化木材 脱水、降解产物的缩合，聚合结构化等反应，改变木材的解热途径，并驱使 其炭化的方向变化。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而 言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行 多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限 定。
Claims (5)
1.一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，包括芯材，所述芯材上端面固定贴附有木皮，其特征在于：在木皮上涂覆有一层UV阻燃涂料，且UV阻燃涂料上端面涂覆一层光固化耐磨地板涂料，所述光固化耐磨地板涂料由以下比例的成分组成：氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂10～15份，6官有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯10～20份，活性稀释剂20～40份，光引发剂3～6份，消光粉5～15份，耐磨粉2～5份，助剂1～3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，其特征在于：所述耐磨粉为氧化铝。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，其特征在于：所述芯材和木皮浸泡在阻燃剂中，且通过烘干成型。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，其特征在于：所述UV阻燃涂料通过以下步骤进行加工：步骤一：压贴阻燃胶水；步骤二：对表面进行砂光；步骤三：复合压贴阻燃胶水；步骤四：养生；步骤五：切割成型，并涂覆UV阻燃涂料。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种表层超耐磨阻燃木地板，其特征在于：所述芯材底面固定贴附有平衡层，且平衡层底面涂覆有UV阻燃底漆，多组所述木地板通过阻燃胶水进行拼接。
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