CN113492022A - 蜂窝结构体 - Google Patents

蜂窝结构体 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113492022A
CN113492022A CN202110188672.XA CN202110188672A CN113492022A CN 113492022 A CN113492022 A CN 113492022A CN 202110188672 A CN202110188672 A CN 202110188672A CN 113492022 A CN113492022 A CN 113492022A
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China
Prior art keywords
honeycomb structure
catalyst
partition walls
value
cells
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CN202110188672.XA
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English (en)
Inventor
广濑正悟
山本博隆
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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Publication of CN113492022A publication Critical patent/CN113492022A/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供一种蜂窝结构体，其升温性优异，且在担载有废气净化用的催化剂时能够有效地抑制所担载的催化剂剥落。该蜂窝结构体具备：柱状的蜂窝结构部，其具有配置成包围多个隔室的多孔质的隔壁，该隔室从第一端面延伸至第二端面而形成流体的流路，当将蜂窝结构部的与隔室延伸的方向正交的面中的开口率(％)的值的绝对值设为A，将隔壁的气孔率(％)的值的绝对值设为P时，以下式(1)表示的值为0.05～0.12，当将隔壁的平均细孔径(μm)的值设为D，将隔壁的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)的值设为G时，以下式(2)表示的值为8～50(μm×mm2/mm3)，隔室的水力直径为1.1mm以上。式(1)：(1－A/100)×(1－P/100)，式(2)：D×G。

Description

蜂窝结构体
技术领域
本发明涉及蜂窝结构体。更详细而言，涉及升温性优异且在担载有废气净化用的催化剂时能够有效地抑制所担载的催化剂剥落的蜂窝结构体。
背景技术
目前，作为发达国家对柴油车、卡车的NOx限制，正在研究更加严格的标准。针对该NOx限制，提出了各种用于处理废气中的NOx的技术。例如，作为该技术之一，有如下技术，即，将选择性催化还原催化剂(以下也称为“SCR催化剂”)等担载于具有多孔质的隔壁的蜂窝结构体，利用该蜂窝结构体对废气中的NOx进行净化处理(例如，参见专利文献1)。“SCR”是“Selective Catalytic Reduction：选择性催化还原”的简称。
作为以往的废气净化系统，从排气系统的上游侧朝向下游侧而依次配置了担载有氧化催化剂的第一蜂窝催化器、蜂窝过滤器、担载有SCR催化剂的第二蜂窝催化器的系统为主流。并且，目前，作为对如上所述的严格的NOx限制的应对，正在研究：在比担载有氧化催化剂的第一蜂窝催化器更靠排气系统的上游侧进一步追加设置担载有SCR催化剂的第三蜂窝催化器的废气净化系统。第三蜂窝催化器的目的在于，提高在低温时对废气的净化性能。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2013－052367号公报
发明内容
如上所述，在排气系统的更上游侧设置担载有SCR催化剂的第三蜂窝催化器的情况下，需要使在第三蜂窝催化器所担载的SCR催化剂的量增多。特别是，通过使在第三蜂窝催化器所担载的SCR催化剂的量比位于排气系统的下游侧的第二蜂窝催化器多，能够有效地提高废气在低温时的净化性能。
然而，对第三蜂窝催化器担载有大量SCR催化剂的情况下，存在如下问题，即，在以往的催化剂载体用的蜂窝结构体中，无法充分确保供SCR催化剂涂布的隔壁的表面积，在实际使用时，所担载的催化剂剥落。特别是，蜂窝结构体的隔室数较少且每1隔室的流路较大的情况下，由于供催化剂涂布的隔壁的表面积较小，因此，所担载的催化剂剥落的上述问题变得显著。以下，有时将在蜂窝结构体所担载的催化剂剥落称为“催化剂剥落”。
另外，以往作为SCR催化剂用的催化剂载体使用的蜂窝结构体中，通过隔壁而区划形成的隔室的隔室密度为例如100个/cm2左右。例如，像上述的第二蜂窝催化器那样配置于蜂窝过滤器的下游侧的情况下，由于通过蜂窝过滤器来除去废气中的烟灰等粒子状物质，所以作为催化剂载体使用的蜂窝结构体呈现比较高的隔室密度。然而，将蜂窝结构体作为配置于排气系统的更上游侧的第三蜂窝催化器的催化剂载体的情况下，存在如下问题，即，粒子状物质堵在该蜂窝结构体的隔室内，在比较短的时间内就发生隔室堵塞。
本发明是鉴于上述现有技术所存在的问题而实施的。本发明提供一种升温性优异且在担载有废气净化用的催化剂时能够有效地抑制所担载的催化剂剥落的蜂窝结构体。
根据本发明，提供以下示出的蜂窝结构体。
[1]一种蜂窝结构体，其中，
具备柱状的蜂窝结构部，该柱状的蜂窝结构部具有配置成包围多个隔室的多孔质的隔壁，该隔室从第一端面延伸至第二端面而形成流体的流路，
当将所述蜂窝结构部的与所述隔室延伸的方向正交的面中的开口率(％)的值的绝对值设为A，将所述隔壁的气孔率(％)的值的绝对值设为P时，以下式(1)表示的值为0.05～0.12，
当将所述隔壁的平均细孔径(μm)的值设为D，将所述隔壁的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)的值设为G时，以下式(2)表示的值为8～50(μm×mm2/mm3)，
所述隔室的水力直径为1.1mm以上。
式(1)：(1－A/100)×(1－P/100)
式(2)：D×G
[2]根据所述[1]中记载的蜂窝结构体，其中，所述隔壁的材质包含选自由堇青石、碳化硅、氮化硅及多铝红柱石构成的组中的至少一种。
[3]根据所述[1]或[2]中记载的蜂窝结构体，其中，所述隔壁的表面粗糙度Ra为1μm以上。
[4]根据所述[1]～[3]中的任一项中记载的蜂窝结构体，其中，该蜂窝结构体设置于内燃机的排气系统，且配置于比在该排气系统所另行设置的氧化催化器或废气净化过滤器更靠所述排气系统的上游侧的位置。
发明效果
本发明的蜂窝结构体发挥出显著的效果，即，升温性优异，且在担载有废气净化用的催化剂时能够有效地抑制所担载的催化剂剥落。另外，本发明的蜂窝结构体即便配置于排气系统的比较上游侧的情况下，废气中的粒子状物质也不易堵在隔室内，能够有效地抑制隔室堵塞。另外，本发明的蜂窝结构体的机械强度也优异。例如，蜂窝结构体作为废气净化用的催化剂载体使用的情况下，有时以收纳于金属壳体等罐体内的状态进行使用。有时将蜂窝结构体收纳于金属壳体等罐体内称为装罐(canning)。在对蜂窝结构体进行装罐时，隔着衬垫等把持部件向蜂窝结构体的外周面施加面压而将其把持在罐体内。本发明的蜂窝结构体在上述装罐时能够有效地抑制由对外周面赋予的压缩面压所导致的破损。
附图说明
图1是示意性地表示本发明的蜂窝结构体的第一实施方式的立体图。
图2是表示图1所示的蜂窝结构体的第一端面侧的俯视图。
图3是示意性地表示图2的A－A’截面的截面图。
符号说明
1：隔壁、2：隔室、3：外周壁、4：蜂窝结构部、11：第一端面、12：第二端面、100：蜂窝结构体。
具体实施方式
以下，对本发明的实施方式进行说明，不过，本发明并不限定于以下的实施方式。因此，应当理解：在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围，基于本领域技术人员的通常知识，对以下的实施方式加以适当变更、改良等得到的实施方式也落在本发明的范围内。
(1)蜂窝结构体：
本发明的蜂窝结构体的第一实施方式为图1～图3所示的蜂窝结构体100。此处，图1是示意性地表示本发明的蜂窝结构体的第一实施方式的立体图。图2是表示图1所示的蜂窝结构体的第一端面侧的俯视图。图3是示意性地表示图2的A－A’截面的截面图。
如图1～图3所示，蜂窝结构体100具备：具有第一端面11及第二端面12的柱状的蜂窝结构部4。蜂窝结构部4具有配置成包围多个隔室2的多孔质的隔壁1，该隔室2从第一端面11延伸至第二端面12而形成流体的流路。蜂窝结构体100中，蜂窝结构部4构成为圆柱形状，在其外周侧面还具有外周壁3。即，外周壁3配设成围绕呈格子状配设的隔壁1。
蜂窝结构体100中，当将蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)的值的绝对值设为A，将隔壁1的气孔率(％)的值的绝对值设为P时，以下式(1)表示的值为0.05～0.12。
式(1)：(1－A/100)×(1－P/100)
此处，蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)是指：蜂窝结构部4的与隔室2延伸的方向正交的面中的开口率(％)。具体而言，可以通过隔室2的空隙部分的面积S2相对于蜂窝结构部4的与隔室2延伸的方向正交的面中的总面积S1的比值的百分率来求出蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)。例如，可以利用光学显微镜来测定蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)。
隔壁1的气孔率(％)为利用压汞法测定的值。例如可以采用Micromeritics公司制的Autopore9500(商品名)来测定隔壁1的气孔率。气孔率测定时，可以从蜂窝结构体100切出隔壁1的一部分，制成试验片，采用像这样地得到的试验片进行气孔率的测定。
通过使以上式(1)表示的值为0.05～0.12，使得升温性优异，并且，在担载有废气净化用的催化剂时，能够有效地抑制所担载的催化剂剥落。应予说明，以上式(1)表示的值优选为0.07～0.10，更优选为0.08～0.09。
蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)优选为80～90％，更优选为81～89％，特别优选为82～88％。如果蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)小于80％，则升温性及烟灰堵塞这两点不理想。另外，如果蜂窝结构部4的开口率(％)超过90％，则有时等静压强度降低，在装罐时容易破损，就这一点考虑不理想。
隔壁1的气孔率(％)优选为25～60％，更优选为27～55％，特别优选为30～45％。如果隔壁1的气孔率(％)小于25％，则就催化剂剥落这一点而言不理想。另外，如果隔壁1的气孔率(％)超过60％，则有时等静压强度降低，在装罐时容易破损，就这一点而言不理想。
另外，蜂窝结构体100中，当将隔壁1的平均细孔径(μm)的值设为D，将隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)的值设为G，以下式(2)表示的值为8～50(μm×mm2/mm3)。
式(2)：D×G
隔壁1的平均细孔径(μm)为利用压汞法测定的值。与气孔率的测定同样地，例如可以采用Micromeritics公司制的Autopore9500(商品名)来测定隔壁1的平均细孔径。
隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)为利用光学显微镜测定的值。关于隔壁1的几何学表面积的测定，例如，首先利用光学显微镜测定将隔室2区划开的隔壁1的表面的长度。另外，测定该隔壁1的每单位体积的面积。基于这些结果，可以求出隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)。应予说明，“隔壁1的表面的长度”是指：从蜂窝结构体100的端面侧观察隔室2时的该隔室2的周长。
通过使以上式(2)表示的值为8～50(μm×mm2/mm3)，能够有效地抑制催化剂剥落，并且，能够有效地抑制在装罐时对蜂窝结构体100的外周面赋予的压缩面压所导致的破损。应予说明，以上式(2)表示的值优选为10～40(μm×mm2/mm3)，更优选为20～30(μm×mm2/mm3)。
隔壁1的平均细孔径(μm)优选为1～20μm，更优选为3～15μm，特别优选为4～13μm。如果隔壁1的平均细孔径(μm)小于1μm，则就催化剂剥落这一点而言不理想。例如，由于向隔壁1的内部侵入的催化剂量较少，所以由催化剂形成的催化剂层与隔壁1之间的接合面积较小，催化剂有时容易剥落。另外，如果隔壁1的平均细孔径(μm)超过20μm，则就净化性能这一点而言不理想。例如，有大量催化剂侵入到隔壁1的内部，有助于净化的隔壁1表面的催化剂的量减少，因此，净化性能有时降低。
隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)优选为1～4mm2/mm3，更优选为1.5～3.5mm2/mm3，特别优选为2～3mm2/mm3。如果隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)小于1mm2/mm3，则就升温性这一点而言不理想。另外，如果隔壁1的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)超过4mm2/mm3，则就烟灰堵塞这一点而言不理想。例如，有时难以使隔室2的开口径增大，容易发生烟灰堵塞。
此外，蜂窝结构体100中，由隔壁1包围的隔室2的水力直径为1.1mm以上。“隔室2的水力直径”是：基于各隔室2的截面积及周长并通过4×(截面积)/(周长)而计算出的值。隔室2的水力直径优选为1.1～1.7mm，更优选为1.2～1.6mm，特别优选为1.3～1.5mm。如果隔室2的水力直径小于1.1mm，则废气中的烟灰等粒子状物质容易将隔室2的内部堵塞。
隔壁1的表面粗糙度Ra优选为1μm以上，更优选为1～4μm，特别优选为1.5～3.5μm。如果隔壁1的表面粗糙度Ra小于1μm，则就装罐时的保持这一点而言不理想。即，从蜂窝结构体100的制法来看，隔壁1的表面粗糙度和外周壁3的表面粗糙度大致相同，因此，外周壁3的表面粗糙度较小，在装罐时有时不易稳定地保持蜂窝结构体100。隔壁1的表面粗糙度Ra是：利用三维测定机，以JIS B0633：2001中记载的方法测定的值。
蜂窝结构体100中，隔壁1的厚度优选为0.06～0.21mm，更优选为0.07～0.15mm。例如，可以采用扫描型电子显微镜或显微镜(microscope)来测定隔壁1的厚度。如果隔壁1的厚度小于0.06mm，则有时无法得到足够的强度。另一方面，如果隔壁1的厚度超过0.21mm，则有时压力损失增大。
对蜂窝结构部4中所形成的隔室2的形状没有特别限制。例如，作为与隔室2延伸的方向正交的截面中的隔室2的形状，可以举出多边形、圆形、椭圆形等。作为多边形，可以举出三角形、四边形、五边形、六边形、八边形等。应予说明，隔室2的形状优选为三角形、四边形、五边形、六边形、八边形。另外，关于隔室2的形状，全部隔室2的形状可以为相同形状，也可以为不同形状。例如，虽然省略图示，不过，四边形的隔室和八边形的隔室可以混合存在。另外，关于隔室2的大小，全部隔室2的大小可以相同，也可以不同。例如，虽然省略图示，不过，多个隔室中，可以使一部分隔室的大小增大并使其他隔室的大小相对减小。应予说明，本发明中，隔室2是指：由隔壁1包围的空间。
由隔壁1区划形成的隔室2的隔室密度优选为30～70个/cm2，更优选为35～65个/cm2，特别优选为40～50个/cm2。通过像这样构成，可以将本实施方式的蜂窝结构体100优选用作用于对从汽车的发动机排出的废气进行净化的净化部件(例如、催化剂载体)。
蜂窝结构部4的外周壁3可以与隔壁1一体地构成，也可以为通过按围绕隔壁1的方式涂布外周涂层材料而形成的外周涂层。虽然省略图示，不过，在制造时，可以将隔壁和外周壁一体地形成后，利用磨削加工等公知的方法除去所形成的外周壁，然后，在隔壁的外周侧设置外周涂层。
对蜂窝结构部4的形状没有特别限制。作为蜂窝结构部4的形状，可以举出第一端面11及第二端面12的形状为圆形、椭圆形、多边形等的柱状。
对蜂窝结构部4的大小、例如从第一端面11至第二端面12的长度、蜂窝结构部4的与隔室2延伸的方向正交的截面的大小没有特别限制。在将本实施方式的蜂窝结构体100作为废气净化用的净化部件使用时，适当选择各大小以得到最佳的净化性能即可。例如，蜂窝结构部4的第一端面11至第二端面12的长度优选为72～254mm，更优选为102～203mm。另外，蜂窝结构部4的与隔室2延伸的方向正交的截面的面积优选为1900～130000mm2，更优选为5000～100000mm2。
隔壁1的材质优选包含选自由堇青石、碳化硅、氮化硅及多铝红柱石构成的组中的至少一种。构成隔壁1的材料优选为包含上述组中例举的材料20质量％以上的材料，更优选为包含上述组中例举的材料30质量％以上的材料，特别优选为包含上述组中例举的材料50质量％以上的材料。
蜂窝结构体100中，可以在区划形成多个隔室2的隔壁1担载有废气净化用的催化剂。在隔壁1担载催化剂是指：在隔壁1的表面及隔壁1中所形成的细孔内担载有催化剂。特别是，蜂窝结构体100中，能够使担载于隔壁1中所形成的细孔内的催化剂的量增多，因此，能够抑制废气净化用的催化剂担载后的压力损失上升。
关于在蜂窝结构部4的隔壁1担载的催化剂的每单位体积的担载量，可以根据使用的催化剂的种类而适当确定。作为催化剂的担载方法，例如可以举出：对蜂窝结构部4湿式涂布包含催化剂成分的催化剂浆料之后、在高温下进行热处理而烧结的方法等。作为废气净化用的催化剂，例如可以举出SCR催化剂。
蜂窝结构体100可以优选用作用于担载如上所述的SCR催化剂等废气净化用的催化剂的催化剂载体。担载有催化剂的蜂窝结构体100设置于内燃机的排气系统进行使用。通过将担载有催化剂的蜂窝结构体100配置于比在该排气系统所另行设置的氧化催化器(未图示)或废气净化过滤器(未图示)更靠排气系统的上游侧的位置，能够很好地使用。
(2)蜂窝结构体的制造方法：
对制造本发明的蜂窝结构体的制造方法没有特别限制，例如可以举出如下方法。首先，调制用于制作蜂窝结构部的可塑性的坯土。用于制作蜂窝结构部的坯土可以如下制备，即，在作为原料粉末的选自前述的蜂窝结构部的优选材料之中的材料中适当添加粘合剂等添加剂、造孔材料及水，由此制备坯土。作为粘合剂，例如可以举出甲基纤维素(Methylcellulose)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose)等。另外，作为添加剂，可以举出表面活性剂等。通过调整造孔材料的粒径及其添加量，能够调节隔壁的气孔率及平均细孔径。
接下来，将上述得到的坯土挤出成型，由此制作具有区划形成多个隔室的隔壁及配设成围绕该隔壁的外周壁的、柱状的蜂窝成型体。应予说明，在将蜂窝成型体挤出成型时，优选利用挤出成型用的口模进行调节以使蜂窝成型体的开口率(％)为所期望的值。
接下来，将得到的蜂窝成型体利用例如微波及热风进行干燥。接下来，对蜂窝成型体进行烧成，由此制造蜂窝结构体。烧成温度及烧成气氛根据原料而不同，如果是本领域技术人员，则能够选择适合于所选择的材料的烧成温度及烧成气氛。
实施例
以下，利用实施例对本发明更具体地进行说明，但是，本发明并不受这些实施例的任何限定。
(实施例1)
在堇青石化原料100质量份中添加造孔材料10质量份、分散介质4质量份、有机粘合剂4质量份，进行混合、混炼，制备坯土。作为堇青石化原料，使用氧化铝、氢氧化铝、高岭土、滑石及二氧化硅。作为分散介质，使用水。作为有机粘合剂，使用甲基纤维素(Methylcellulose)。作为分散剂，使用糊精(Dextrin)。作为造孔材料，使用平均粒径5μm的吸水性聚合物。
接下来，采用蜂窝成型体制作用的口模，将坯土挤出成型，得到整体形状为圆柱形状的蜂窝成型体。使蜂窝成型体的隔室的形状为四边形。
接下来，将蜂窝成型体利用微波干燥机进行干燥，进而，利用热风干燥机使其完全干燥，然后，将蜂窝成型体的两个端面切断，调整为规定的尺寸。接下来，对干燥后的蜂窝成型体进行脱脂、烧成，制造实施例1的蜂窝结构体。
实施例1的蜂窝结构体为第一端面及第二端面的形状呈圆形的圆柱形状。第一端面及第二端面的直径的大小为190.5mm。另外，蜂窝结构体的隔室延伸的方向上的长度为101.6mm。实施例1的蜂窝结构体中，隔壁的厚度为0.114mm，隔室密度为62.0个/cm2，隔室间距为1.27mm。蜂窝结构体的开口率A为82.8％。隔室的水力直径为1.16mm。将各结果示于表1。
表1
Figure BDA0002944262850000101
另外，针对实施例1的蜂窝结构体，利用以下方法，测定“气孔率P(％)”、“几何学表面积G(mm2/mm3)”、“平均细孔径D(μm)”及“表面粗糙度Ra(μm)”。将结果示于表1。
[气孔率P(％)]
采用Micromeritics公司制的Autopore9500(商品名)测定隔壁的气孔率。从蜂窝结构体中切出隔壁的一部分，制成试验片，采用得到的试验片，进行气孔率的测定。试验片为长、宽、高各自的长度为约10mm、约10mm、约10mm的长方体的试验片。应予说明，从蜂窝结构体的轴向上的中心附近切出试验片。
[几何学表面积G(mm2/mm3)]
采用光学显微镜进行测定。
[平均细孔径D(μm)]
采用Micromeritics公司制的Autopore9500(商品名)测定隔壁的平均细孔径。平均细孔径的测定中，也采用气孔率测定用的试验片。
[表面粗糙度Ra(μm)]
采用三维测定装置进行测定。
实施例1的蜂窝结构体中，气孔率P为45％，几何学表面积G为2.87mm2/mm3，平均细孔径D为6μm，表面粗糙度Ra为2.1μm。以得到的各值为基础，计算出“式(1)：(1－A/100)×(1－P/100)”及“式(2)：D×G”的值。将结果示于表1。
利用以下方法，在实施例1的蜂窝结构体的隔壁担载催化剂。首先，制备包含沸石作为催化剂的催化剂浆料。将该催化剂浆料按干燥后的每单位体积的担载量为150g/L的方式担载于蜂窝结构体。在催化剂的担载中，浸渍(Dipping)蜂窝结构体，并利用空气吹除多余的催化剂浆料，使其含浸催化剂。然后，于120℃的温度使其干燥，进而，于500℃进行3小时的热处理，得到担载有催化剂的蜂窝结构体。实施例1的蜂窝结构体所担载的催化剂的担载量为150g/L。
针对如上所述担载有催化剂的实施例1的蜂窝结构体，利用以下方法，进行“升温试验”、“烟灰堵塞试验”、“催化剂剥落试验”、“装罐试验”。将结果示于表2。
表2
Figure BDA0002944262850000121
[升温试验]
采用具备用于对蜂窝结构体进行收纳的金属壳体和能够向该金属壳体内供给加热气体的丙烷气体燃烧器的“丙烷气体燃烧器试验机”，实施蜂窝结构体的加热试验。上述加热气体为使丙烷气体在气体燃烧器(丙烷气体燃烧器)中燃烧而产生的燃烧气体。然后，通过上述加热试验，确认蜂窝结构体到达450℃的时间，由此评价升温性。具体而言，首先，将得到的蜂窝结构体收纳(装罐)于丙烷气体燃烧器试验机的金属壳体中。然后，向金属壳体内供给由丙烷气体燃烧器加热后的气体(燃烧气体)，使其从蜂窝结构体内通过。向金属壳体流入的加热气体的温度条件(入口气体温度条件)如下。首先，以2分钟升温至600℃，于600℃保持10分钟。将该升温保持的一系列操作称为“升温操作”。然后，确认蜂窝结构体到达450℃的时间。23秒以下的情况下，在表2中评价为“OK”，超过23秒的情况下，在表2中评价为“NG”。
[烟灰堵塞试验]
采用用于对蜂窝结构体进行收纳的金属壳体和能够向该金属壳体内供给加热气体的发动机或烟灰发生装置，实施蜂窝结构体的烟灰堵塞试验。在气体温度200℃、流量1.5Nm3/min的条件下，使气体在蜂窝结构体(尺寸：直径190.5mm、全长101.6mm)中流通3小时，然后，利用光学显微镜观察蜂窝结构体的隔室的表面。蜂窝结构体的隔室的小于1/2的面积被烟灰堵塞的情况下，评价为OK，隔室的1/2以上的面积被烟灰堵塞的情况下，评价为NG。
[催化剂剥落试验]
针对蜂窝结构体，利用气枪吹扫0.5MPa工厂空气，将吹扫前后的重量变化小于5％的情形评价为OK，将吹扫前后的重量变化为5％以上的情形评价为NG。
[装罐试验]
针对蜂窝结构体，测定等静压强度，将1MPa以上的情形评价为OK，将小于1MPa的情形评价为NG。基于社团法人汽车技术会发行的汽车标准(JASO标准)的M505－87中规定的等静压破坏强度试验，进行等静压强度的测定。等静压破坏强度试验是：将蜂窝结构体放入橡胶筒状容器中并用铝制板盖上，在水中进行各向同性加压压缩的试验。通过等静压破坏强度试验测定的等静压强度以蜂窝结构体发生破坏时的加压压力值(MPa)表示。
(实施例2～11)
制作将蜂窝结构体的构成按表1所示变更后的蜂窝结构体。通过造孔材料的量、尺寸来调整气孔率P和平均细孔径D。通过口模来调整几何学表面积G。实施例2～11制造时的变更点如下。
实施例2中，使造孔材料的添加量为10质量份，采用平均粒径5μm的造孔材料。应予说明，造孔材料的添加量表示相对于堇青石化原料100质量份的比率，之后的值也为同样的比率。
(比较例1～7)
制作将蜂窝结构体的构成按表1所示变更后的蜂窝结构体。比较例1～7制造时的变更点如下。
比较例1中，使造孔材料的添加量为5质量份，采用平均粒径3μm的造孔材料。
针对实施例2～11及比较例1～7的蜂窝结构体，进行“升温试验”、“烟灰堵塞试验”、“催化剂剥落试验”、“装罐试验”。将结果示于表2。
(结果)
实施例1～11的蜂窝结构体在“升温试验”、“烟灰堵塞试验”、“催化剂剥落试验”、“装罐试验”中均能够得到良好的结果。另一方面，比较例1的蜂窝结构体中，式(1)的值为0.13，在升温试验中呈现升温性较差的结果。另外，比较例1～3、5、6的蜂窝结构体中，隔室的水力直径小于1.1mm，在烟灰堵塞试验中确认到隔室被烟灰堵塞。比较例4的蜂窝结构体中，式(2)的值为7，在催化剂剥落试验中确认到催化剂剥落。关于催化剂剥落试验，比较例5、6的蜂窝结构体也确认到催化剂剥落。推测比较例5的蜂窝结构体的催化剂剥落的原因是：隔室密度较高且水力直径较小。另外，比较例6的蜂窝结构体中，式(1)的值为0.07，装罐试验也不合格。比较例7的蜂窝结构体中，式(2)的值为57，装罐试验不合格。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的蜂窝结构体可以作为用于担载废气净化用的催化剂的催化剂载体加以利用。

Claims (4)

1.一种蜂窝结构体，其中，
具备柱状的蜂窝结构部，该柱状的蜂窝结构部具有配置成包围多个隔室的多孔质的隔壁，该隔室从第一端面延伸至第二端面而形成流体的流路，
当将所述蜂窝结构部的与所述隔室延伸的方向正交的面中的开口率(％)的值的绝对值设为A，将所述隔壁的气孔率(％)的值的绝对值设为P时，以下式(1)表示的值为0.05～0.12，
当将所述隔壁的平均细孔径(μm)的值设为D，将所述隔壁的几何学表面积(mm2/mm3)的值设为G时，以下式(2)表示的值为8～50(μm×mm2/mm3)，
所述隔室的水力直径为1.1mm以上，
式(1)：(1－A/100)×(1－P/100)，
式(2)：D×G。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蜂窝结构体，其中，
所述隔壁的材质包含选自由堇青石、碳化硅、氮化硅及多铝红柱石构成的组中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的蜂窝结构体，其中，
所述隔壁的表面粗糙度Ra为1μm以上。
4.根据权利要求1～3中的任一项所述的蜂窝结构体，其中，
该蜂窝结构体设置于内燃机的排气系统，且配置于比在该排气系统所另行设置的氧化催化器或废气净化过滤器更靠所述排气系统的上游侧的位置。
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