CN113480432A - 一种紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物及其制备方法和应用,将紫苏醇与1,1’‑羰基二咪唑溶于干燥的四氢呋喃中,加热搅拌反应;TLC跟踪反应终点,反应完成后,向有机相中加入二氯甲烷和去离子水,分液,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩,得液体A;取降龙涎二醇和N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺加入液体A中,加热搅拌反应,反应后降至室温;向有机相中加去离子水和二氯甲烷,分液,有机相依次用去离子水、饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩得到油状液体,然后柱层析分离纯化,得到紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物。本发明为高挥发性、阈值较小的香料小分子的应用提供了很好的典范,可增加和丰富龙涎香韵及花香韵、拓宽龙涎香香原料及紫苏醇的应用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及烟草香料领域,更具体地,本发明及基于降龙涎二醇和紫苏醇以酯键相连的具有龙涎香韵、花香韵的潜香物及其在卷烟加香中的应用。
背景技术
龙涎香是非常受市场欢迎的调和香料,它和麝香、灵猫香、海里香并称为四大动物香料。降龙涎香醚((-)-Ambrox)是珍贵的龙涎香原料,具有强烈的、特殊的龙涎香香气,以其独特的定香能力,被称为龙涎香的香魂,其被描述为有“微妙的丝绒般柔和的”龙涎香香气,具有“龙涎香效应”,是龙涎香的香魂,是极优的定香剂,是所有合成龙涎香料中,评价最高的一种。已被用作天然龙涎香的替代品,用于高级香水及化妆品香精中,由于它对人体无刺激,对动物无过敏反应,因此很适合用于皮肤、头发和织物的加香。
降龙涎醚存在于土耳其烟中,是Labdane类物质降解的产物,赋予卷烟烟气甜香、花香和木香香韵,可掩盖烟草的粗杂气,赋予烟草愉快的特征香气,使卷烟柔和、醇绵入口,余味留长,是有效的增香矫味剂,并与烟草特征的木香调谐和合。
但由于降龙涎醚分子量小、挥发性高,闻香重,且阈值低。在卷烟加工过程中容易损失,且在烟支抽吸过程中香气释放不均匀,在储存期间因增香剂的挥发逸失会导致卷烟质量不稳定。
紫苏醇存在于天然产物,如黄蒿、姜草、杂薰衣草、紫苏油、苏格兰留兰香油、玫瑰草等中,具类似芳樟醇和松油醇的香气,轻微的花香韵,主要用于调配柑橘类和水果香精的修饰香料。也用于烟用香精,用于烟用香精中,能提调花香香韵,与烟香协调,上扬烟气,改善吃味,但是不持久,且在加工和贮藏过程中容易挥发,失去其特征香气,不能很好地运用到烟草配方中。
香料前体也叫潜香物质,就是将高挥发性或易升华的烟草增香剂通过物理或化学的手段,合成出该增香剂的前体,该前体在常温下没有或稍有香味,而在卷烟燃吸状态下热解成一种或多种分子碎片,释放出该增香剂,从而起到改进卷烟主流烟气品质的作用,达到增香的目的。香料前体化合物加香可以赋予卷烟特色风格,卷烟抽吸过程中可以缓慢释放香气成分,起到提调香气进而改善卷烟品质的作用。同时,还可减少香精用量,提高香精的稳定性和耐贮性,且加香工艺简便。也避免了在加工过程中由于其它因素给卷烟口味带来的影响。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有技术的不足,提供一种基于降龙涎二醇和紫苏醇以酯键相连的具有龙涎香韵和蜜甜玫瑰花香韵的碳酸酯潜香物的制备及其在卷烟加香中的应用。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种具有龙涎香韵和花香韵的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物,它的结构式如下:
该潜香物具有稳定性高、耐加工性强的特点,能够克服降龙涎香醚及紫苏醇的易挥发性、阈值小、释放不均匀,加工过程易损失等缺点。同时在高温(抽吸条件下)能够裂解释放出相应的紫苏醇及同时降龙涎二醇酯环合产生降龙涎香醚香味物质,用于改善卷烟的抽吸品质,彰显卷烟风格。
所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑溶于干燥的四氢呋喃中,加热搅拌反应;TLC监测紫苏醇、及紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑反应产物,跟踪反应终点,反应完成后,向有机相中加入二氯甲烷和去离子水,分液,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩,得液体A;
步骤二:取降龙涎二醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺加入上述液体A中,加热搅拌反应,反应后降至室温;向有机相中加去离子水和二氯甲烷,分液,有机相依次用去离子水、饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩得到油状液体,然后柱层析分离纯化,得到紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物。
所述紫苏醇、1,1’-羰基二咪唑、降龙涎二醇的摩尔比为1:(1.5~3):(1~1.5)。
步骤一所述的加热搅拌反应是指在15-40℃反应1-6h。
步骤二所述的加热搅拌反应是指在30-120℃反应1-12h。
所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的应用方法是,将紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物以烟草重量0.00001%~2%的添加比例添加到烟草中。
所述紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物添加到烟草中的加入方法为加表香、加料香或薄片加香,所述烟草是混合型或者烤烟型的卷烟产品,或者是新型烟草制品。
与现有技术相比,本发明至少具有以下有益效果:
本发明的制备方法与传统碳酸二酯制备方法相比具有成本低、操作简便等优点。本发明的潜香化合物的制备及其应用,为高挥发性、阈值较小的香料小分子的应用提供了很好的典范,同时还可增加和丰富龙涎香韵及花香韵、拓宽龙涎香香原料及紫苏醇的应用范围,可克服降龙涎醚及紫苏醇自身的缺陷,如:分子量小、易挥发、阈值小、释放不均匀、加工过程易损失等。
附图说明
图1是紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的1H NMR谱图。
图2是紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的13C NMR谱图。
图3是紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的IR谱图。
图4是紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的HRMS谱图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
将1mmol紫苏醇与3mmol的1,1’-羰基二咪唑溶于20mL干燥的四氢呋喃中,加热到23℃搅拌反应3h。TLC监测紫苏醇、及紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑反应产物,跟踪反应终点,向有机相中加入25mL二氯甲烷和2×15mL去离子水水洗(2×15mL,表示去离子水水洗两次,每次15mL),分液,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩,得液体A。
取1.2mmol降龙涎二醇和20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺加入上述液体A中,加热到90℃搅拌反应6h。反应后降至室温,向有机相中加50mL去离子水和50mL二氯甲烷,分液,有机相依次用15mL去离子水、15mL饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩得到油状液体,然后柱层析分离纯化、浓缩、干燥后得到紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物。
实施例2
将1mmol紫苏醇与2mmol的1,1’-羰基二咪唑溶于20mL干燥的四氢呋喃中,加热到25℃搅拌反应4h。TLC监测紫苏醇、及紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑反应产物,跟踪反应终点,向有机相中加入25mL二氯甲烷和2×15mL去离子水水洗,分液,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩,得液体A。
取1.5mmol降龙涎二醇和20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺加入上述液体A中,加热到60℃搅拌反应6h。反应后降至室温,向有机相中加50mL去离子水和50mL二氯甲烷,分液,有机相依次用15mL去离子水、15mL饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩得到油状液体,然后柱层析分离纯化、浓缩、干燥后得到紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物。
(一)目标产物的结构表征
通过红外光谱、核磁共振(1H NMR和13C NMR)、高分辨质谱(HRMS)分别对实施例1所得目标产物紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物进行结构表征,具体数据如下(如附图1-4所示):
紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯:白色透明液体。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ5.78(s,1H),5.28(s,4H),4.70(d,J=5.4Hz,2H),4.48(s,2H),4.18(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),2.10(dd,J=7.5,3.7Hz,4H),2.02(s,1H),1.85(s,2H),1.71(s,4H),1.50(s,2H),1.43–1.31(m,3H),1.28–1.19(m,2H),1.14(s,4H),0.85(s,4H),0.77(s,8H);13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ155.25,149.45,132.15,126.44,108.74,73.48,71.70,69.72,57.53,55.98,53.38,44.46,41.81,40.68,39.52,38.66,33.26,30.38,27.20,26.21,24.53,23.81,21.40,20.56,18.36,15.25;IR,ν/cm-1:3485.00,2933.21,1743.52,1644.68,1458.77,1388.82,1342.26,1255.82,1082.65,968.81,887.95;HRMS:C27H44NaO4,计算值为455.313152,实测值为455.313151。
(二)目标潜香物在烟草中的加香应用
称取一定量的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物,用95%乙醇溶解后,按0.002%、0.006%、0.02%、0.06%和0.2%比例添加于某烤烟型烟丝上,卷制成实验卷烟。用同样的烟丝,添加与上同样比例的乙醇,卷制成空白样卷烟。本实验空白卷烟具有刺激性、杂气重等缺点,对比评吸表明,与对照样比较,评吸结果如下表所示。
表1紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯的加香评吸结果
对该潜香物的热裂解产物进行研究发现:该潜香物在300℃下的热裂解气相色谱质谱图解析出的主要热裂解产物是紫苏醇和降龙涎醚。对比评吸结果可以看出,添加潜香物的卷烟具有增加花香和龙涎香香韵,改善口感,降低刺激、掩盖杂气,醇和细腻烟气等作用。
尽管这里参照本发明的解释性实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是,应该理解,本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式,这些修改和实施方式将落在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。
Claims (7)
2.权利要求1所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的制备方法,其特征在于,它包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑溶于干燥的四氢呋喃中,加热搅拌反应;TLC监测紫苏醇、及紫苏醇与1,1’-羰基二咪唑反应产物,跟踪反应终点,反应完成后,向有机相中加入二氯甲烷和去离子水,分液,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩,得液体A;
步骤二:取降龙涎二醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺加入上述液体A中,加热搅拌反应,反应后降至室温;向有机相中加去离子水和二氯甲烷,分液,有机相依次用去离子水、饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,有机相用无水硫酸镁除水,浓缩得到油状液体,然后柱层析分离纯化,得到紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述紫苏醇、1,1’-羰基二咪唑、降龙涎二醇的摩尔比为1:(1.5~3):(1~1.5)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一所述的加热搅拌反应是指在15-40℃反应1-6h。
5.根据权利要求2所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二所述的加热搅拌反应是指在30-120℃反应1-12h。
6.权利要求1所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的应用,其特征在于,将紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物以烟草重量0.00001%~2%的添加比例添加到烟草中。
7.权利要求6所述的紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物的应用,其特征在于,所述紫苏醇降龙涎碳酸酯潜香物添加到烟草中的加入方法为加表香、加料香或薄片加香,所述烟草是混合型或者烤烟型的卷烟产品,或者是新型烟草制品。
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