CN113478926A - 一种耐低温的pcm复合钢板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐低温的pcm复合钢板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113478926A
CN113478926A CN202110675032.1A CN202110675032A CN113478926A CN 113478926 A CN113478926 A CN 113478926A CN 202110675032 A CN202110675032 A CN 202110675032A CN 113478926 A CN113478926 A CN 113478926A
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substrate
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李裕华
赵艳龙
吴少华
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Hangzhou Puluofei New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及复合钢板技术领域，具体涉及一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法，包括基板，基板为不锈钢板，所述基板上下两侧复合一层合金层，所述合金层外侧复合有钝化层；所述一侧的钝化层外涂覆有背漆层，另一侧的钝化层外涂覆有底漆层和面漆层，面漆层外设有压花层，所述压花层外覆盖有PE膜层，所述PE膜层还涂覆有防刮层；所述背漆层外涂覆有保温层，本发明通过在基板表面镀含有硅、铬、镍、锑的锌合金，使其在腐蚀环境或低温环境下能够保持相对稳定，提高耐蚀性能，同时增强合金的液透性，提升强度性能，且增强了钢基板的韧性，还能显著地改善基板的低温韧性，且能够增强其耐候性。

Description

一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合钢板技术领域，具体涉及一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢板在工业和生活中的应用比较普遍，特别是复合钢板的应用比较广泛，汽车、冰箱、洗衣机、高档家具、厨房设备、工业和民用建筑等都需要使用，并且复合钢板使用的环境也越来越特殊和越来越广泛。PCM又称为相变材料，是指温度不变的情况下而改变物质状态并能提供潜热的物质。最常见的相变材料是水，当温度低至0℃时，水由液态变为固态(结冰)。当温度高于0℃时水由固态变为液态(溶解)。在结冰过程中吸入并储存了大量的冷能量,而在溶解过程中吸收大量的热能量
在一定的特殊环境下，如低温环境下，当温度低于-15℃时，普通的PCM板材易造成成型开裂，在模具冲压过程中易造成保护膜涂层开裂，保护膜冲压后碎膜，起翘的问题。
发明内容
针对目前的PCM复合钢板抗冻性能差的问题，本发明提供了一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法，本发明具有生产效率高、成本低，制备工艺简单，适于规模化生产的优点。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，包括基板，基板为不锈钢板，所述基板上下两侧复合一层合金层，所述合金层外侧复合有钝化层；所述一侧的钝化层外涂覆有背漆层，另一侧的钝化层外涂覆有底漆层和面漆层，面漆层外设有压花层，所述压花层外覆盖有PE膜层，所述PE膜层还涂覆有防刮层；所述背漆层外涂覆有保温层。
进一步的，所述合金层为含有硅、铬、镍、锑的锌合金，通过添加硅、铬、镍、锑能够有效的增强钢基板的韧性，且能够增强其耐候性，从而使其在腐蚀环境或低温环境下能够保持相对稳定。
进一步的，所述合金层的厚度为4-8μm。
进一步的，所述硅的含量占合金总量的0.016-0.020％，通过硅能够有效的增加PCM复合钢板的强韧性能。
进一步的，所述铬的含量占合金总量的0.3-0.5％，铬可以提高耐蚀性能，同时增强合金的液透性，提升强度性能，通过添加铬可以保证耐蚀性能和强韧性能的配合。
进一步的，所述镍的含量占合金总量的0.3-0.5％，可以增强钢基体的淬透性，可以降低含合金的铜脆引起的网裂，还能显著地改善基板的低温韧性。
进一步的，所述锑的含量占合金总量的0.02-0.06％，锑的添加能够显著提高合金在酸性环境中耐蚀性，对于工业污染严重的环境造成的酸雨条件，锑明显提高合金的耐腐蚀性能，锑添加在金属表面可以在腐蚀介质中形成氧化锑,稳定性比钢基体更高，有利于阻碍金属基体受到腐蚀介质的进一步腐蚀，从而提高了其耐候性。
进一步的，所述保温层为气凝胶或岩棉层，通过保温层能够在安装于较低温的建筑或装置上，起到一定的隔离温度的作用，从而防止PCM复合钢板突然受热膨胀或受冷收缩的情况。
进一步的，所述防刮层为PC层，防刮层能够更好的保护PCM复合钢板的表面压花，更为美观。
制备耐低温的PCM复合钢板的方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板表面镀合金，获得镀金基板；
步骤二：采用无铬钝化液进行钝化处理，使镀金基板的两侧产生金属混合氧化钝化层，得到钝化基板；
步骤三：在所述钝化基板的两侧分别涂覆重铬酸钾溶液，于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆环氧树脂固化烘干形成背漆层；于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆聚酯树脂涂料固化烘干形成底漆层；
步骤四：在所述底漆层上涂覆聚酯树脂涂料形成面漆层，所述面漆层上涂覆聚氨酯粘合剂进行压花层和PE膜层的贴附，经过压花机处理压花，得到半成品；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴防刮层以及保温层，得到成品。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有的优点和积极效果是：
1.本发明提供的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法，通过在基板表面镀含有硅、铬、镍、锑的锌合金，能够有效的增强钢基板的韧性，且能够增强其耐候性，从而使其在腐蚀环境或低温环境下能够保持相对稳定，可以提高耐蚀性能，同时增强合金的液透性，提升强度性能，增强钢基体的淬透性，可以降低含合金的铜脆引起的网裂，还能显著地改善基板的低温韧性，能够显著提高合金在酸性环境中耐蚀性，对于工业污染严重的环境造成的酸雨条件，锑明显提高合金的耐腐蚀性能，锑添加在金属表面可以在腐蚀介质中形成氧化锑,稳定性比钢基体更高，有利于阻碍金属基体受到腐蚀介质的进一步腐蚀，从而提高了其耐候性。
2.本发明提供的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法，通过保温层能够在安装于较低温的建筑或装置上，起到一定的隔离温度的作用，从而防止PCM复合钢板突然受热膨胀或受冷收缩的情况。
3.本发明提供的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板及其制备方法，防刮层能够更好的保护PCM复合钢板的表面压花，更为美观，本发明具有工艺技术成熟，生产效率高、成本低，制备工艺简单，适于规模化生产的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图中：基板-1、合金层-2、钝化层-3、背漆层-4、底漆层-5、面漆层-6、压花层-7、PE膜层-8、防刮层-9、保温层-10。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明进行进一步的描述。
实施例1：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板1表面镀合金层2，获得镀金基板，合金层2的厚度为4μm，硅的含量占合金总量的0.016％，铬的含量占合金总量的0.3％，镍的含量占合金总量的0.3％，锑的含量占合金总量的0.02％；
步骤二：采用无铬钝化液进行钝化处理，使镀金基板的两侧产生金属混合氧化钝化层3，得到钝化基板；
步骤三：在所述钝化基板的两侧分别涂覆重铬酸钾溶液，于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆环氧树脂固化烘干形成背漆层4；于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆聚酯树脂涂料固化烘干形成底漆层5；
步骤四：在所述底漆层5上涂覆聚酯树脂涂料形成面漆层6，所述面漆层6上涂覆聚氨酯粘合剂进行压花层7和PE膜层8的贴附，经过压花机处理压花，得到半成品；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴PC材质的防刮层9以及气凝胶材质的保温层10，得到成品，作为实验组A。
实施例2：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板1表面镀合金层2，获得镀金基板，合金层2的厚度为6μm，硅的含量占合金总量的0.018％，铬的含量占合金总量的0.4％，镍的含量占合金总量的0.4％，锑的含量占合金总量的0.04％；
步骤二-步骤四与实施例1相同；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴PC材质的防刮层9以及岩棉层材质的保温层10，得到成品，作为实验组B。
实施例3：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板1表面镀合金层2，获得镀金基板，合金层2的厚度为7μm，硅的含量占合金总量的0.017％，铬的含量占合金总量的0.4％，镍的含量占合金总量的0.4％，锑的含量占合金总量的0.05％；
步骤二-步骤四与实施例1相同；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴PC材质的防刮层9以及气凝胶材质的保温层10，得到成品，作为实验组C。
实施例4：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板1表面镀合金层2，获得镀金基板，合金层2的厚度为8μm，硅的含量占合金总量的0.020％，铬的含量占合金总量的0.5％，镍的含量占合金总量的0.5％，锑的含量占合金总量的0.06％；
步骤二-步骤四与实施例1相同；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴PC材质的防刮层9以及岩棉层材质的保温层10，得到成品，作为实验组D。
实施例5：
步骤一-步骤五与实施例1相同；
不同的是，在步骤一中，在基板1表面电镀一层锌金属，作为镀合金层2，作为对照组A。
实施例1-5中合金元素的具体含量见表1.
表1.实施例1-5中合金元素的具体含量
实验组A 实验组B 实验组C 实验组D 对照组A
硅 0.016％ 0.018％ 0.017％ 0.020％ -
铬 0.3％ 0.4％ 0.4％ 0.5％ -
镍 0.3％ 0.4％ 0.4％ 0.5％ -
锑 0.02％ 0.04％ 0.05％ 0.06％ -
实验例1：
采用将其与实验组A-D进行抗盐雾试验，将实验组A-D与对照组分别放进抗盐雾试验箱，盐雾箱的试验温度为35℃，试验溶液为50g/L的NaCl溶液，平均沉降率为(1.5±0.5)g/L，持续喷雾一段时间，测定其基板表面出现腐蚀的时间，结果见表2。
表2.抗盐雾试验结果
实验组A 实验组B 实验组C 实验组D 对照组A
时间 363 392 402 447 211
由检测结果可知，实施例1-4中提供的复合钢板具有较好的抗盐雾腐蚀的性能，且在合金的含量较高的时候能够具有更好地效果，相比于对照组中采用锌金属，采用合金的复合钢板具有更好的性能，这是由于添加了铬和锑，能够有效的增强钢基板的韧性，且能够增强其耐候性，从而使其在腐蚀环境或低温环境下能够保持相对稳定，可以提高耐蚀性能，显著提高合金在酸性环境中耐蚀性，对于工业污染严重的环境造成的酸雨条件，锑明显提高合金的耐腐蚀性能，锑添加在金属表面可以在腐蚀介质中形成氧化锑，稳定性比钢基体更高，有利于阻碍金属基体受到腐蚀介质的进一步腐蚀，从而提高了其耐候性。
实验例2：
采用将其与实验组A-D进行耐低温缺口冲击试验，将实验组A-D与对照组分别放进-20℃环境中，对其进行冲击，测定其发生缺口的能量密度，见表3。
表2.抗盐雾试验结果
Figure BDA0003119130280000061
由检测结果可知，实施例1-4中提供的复合钢板在低温环境下具有较好的抗冲击性能，且在合金的含量较高的时候能够具有更好地效果，相比于对照组中采用锌金属，采用合金的复合钢板具有更好的性能，这是由于含有硅、铬、镍、锑的锌合金，能够有效的增强钢基板的韧性，且能够增强其耐候性，从而使其在腐蚀环境或低温环境下能够保持相对稳定，可以提高耐蚀性能，显著提高合金在酸性环境中耐蚀性同时增强合金的液透性，提升强度性能，增强钢基体的淬透性，可以降低含合金的铜脆引起的网裂，还能显著地改善基板的低温韧性。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：包括基板(1)，所述基板(1)上下两侧复合一层合金层(2)，所述合金层(2)外侧复合有钝化层(3)；所述一侧的钝化层(3)外涂覆有背漆层(4)，另一侧的钝化层(3)外涂覆有底漆层(5)和面漆层(6)，面漆层(6)外设有压花层(7)，所述压花层(7)外覆盖有PE膜层(8)，所述PE膜层(8)还涂覆有防刮层(9)；所述背漆层(4)外涂覆有保温层(10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述合金层(2)为含有硅、铬、镍、锑的锌合金。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述合金层(2)的厚度为4-8μm。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述硅的含量占合金总量的0.016-0.020％。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述铬的含量占合金总量的0.3-0.5％。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述镍的含量占合金总量的0.3-0.5％。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述锑的含量占合金总量的0.02-0.06％。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述保温层(10)为气凝胶或岩棉层。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐低温的PCM复合钢板，其特征在于：所述防刮层(9)为PC层。
10.制备权利要求1-9任一所述的耐低温的PCM复合钢板的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
步骤一：采用电镀的方式在基板(1)表面镀合金层(2)，获得镀金基板；
步骤二：采用无铬钝化液进行钝化处理，使镀金基板的两侧产生金属混合氧化钝化层(3)，得到钝化基板；
步骤三：在所述钝化基板的两侧分别涂覆重铬酸钾溶液，于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆环氧树脂固化烘干形成背漆层(4)；于所述钝化基板的一侧涂覆聚酯树脂涂料固化烘干形成底漆层(5)；
步骤四：在所述底漆层(5)上涂覆聚酯树脂涂料形成面漆层(6)，所述面漆层(6)上涂覆聚氨酯粘合剂进行压花层(7)和PE膜层(8)的贴附，经过压花机处理压花，得到半成品；
步骤五：通过聚氨酯粘合剂粘贴防刮层(9)以及保温层(10)，得到成品。
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US4877494A (en) * 1987-03-31 1989-10-31 Nippon Steel Corporation Corrosion resistant plated steel strip and method for producing same
EP0653502A2 (en) * 1993-11-11 1995-05-17 Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. Zinc-containing metal-plated composite steel article and method of producing the same
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CN106142756A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-11-23 合肥禾盛新型材料有限公司 一种高强度pcm复合钢板的制造方法
CN210257494U (zh) * 2019-07-11 2020-04-07 广东靓时新材料科技有限公司 一种用于门板装饰的三聚氰胺面板

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4877494A (en) * 1987-03-31 1989-10-31 Nippon Steel Corporation Corrosion resistant plated steel strip and method for producing same
EP0653502A2 (en) * 1993-11-11 1995-05-17 Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. Zinc-containing metal-plated composite steel article and method of producing the same
CN103834890A (zh) * 2014-03-12 2014-06-04 国家电网公司 输电铁塔及紧固件用防腐合金镀层及制备工艺
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