CN113463833A - Combined T-shaped beam and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Combined T-shaped beam and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113463833A CN113463833A CN202010244256.2A CN202010244256A CN113463833A CN 113463833 A CN113463833 A CN 113463833A CN 202010244256 A CN202010244256 A CN 202010244256A CN 113463833 A CN113463833 A CN 113463833A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 281
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 281
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 261
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 256
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- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 256
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 254
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- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
- E04C3/292—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
- B23K31/022—Making profiled bars with soldered or welded seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined T-shaped beam and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the combined T-shaped beam comprises a long wood unit, a first bamboo plywood, a plurality of first pins, a winged reinforcing steel bar frame, a second bamboo plywood, a third bamboo plywood and a plurality of hoops, wherein a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit in the long wood unit are formed by alternately laminating and splicing a plurality of small short woods; the first bamboo plywood is positioned between the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit and is bonded and fixed by first glue; the first pins penetrate and are embedded into the combined body along the left-right direction; the connection interfaces between the winged steel bar frame and the long wood unit and between the first bamboo plywood are fixed by third glue; the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece; the plurality of hoops are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure. The combined T-shaped beam can effectively recycle small-section wood and bamboo resources, improves the using amount of reinforcing steel bars, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, wide application range and high environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building structure engineering, in particular to a combined T-shaped beam and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In villages and small towns building structures, a brick-wood structure and a wood frame structure are widely applied, and a wood beam is a horizontal component of the brick-wood structure and is also a horizontal component of the wood frame structure. In the brick-wood structure, the wood beam can be directly lapped on a brick wall to bear the load of a floor or a roof and transmit the load to the brick wall; in the wooden frame structure, the wooden beam and the wooden column form a wooden frame through a connecting node, and the load of the floor or the roof borne by the wooden beam is transmitted to the wooden column through the node.
Conventional timber beams are typically made from whole logs, including round, rectangular, T-shaped, etc. in cross-section. Due to excessive forest felling, the resources of the whole log with large cross section are very deficient at present. On the other hand, there are many stocks of waste small-section logs sawed manually in forests and residual small-section woods in wood processing plants, and because the small-section logs and the residual small-section woods are not only small in section and short in length, but also lack of corresponding recycling technology, the small-section logs and the residual small-section woods can only be treated as waste products, so that resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted. How to recycle waste small-section logs sawed off manually in forests and residual small-section woods in a wood processing plant is a key technical problem which is very concerned about and urgently needed to be solved in the engineering field.
After the small-section wood is processed into the rectangular-section wood, the long small-section rectangular wood is difficult to process, the actually processed small-section rectangular wood is different in length, how to reasonably and efficiently utilize the short wood with the different lengths is also very concerned in the engineering field.
The small-section short wood processed by different wood species has obvious strength and rigidity difference, and the small-section short wood of different wood species is reasonably adopted at different stress parts in the same light steel-wood-bamboo composite beam to achieve high-efficiency stress, so that the high-efficiency recycling of the small-section end wood is further realized from the mechanical perspective.
Bamboo has strong growth ability and belongs to an ecological building material. Bamboo resources in China are abundant, bamboo types and bamboo forest areas account for 1/4 of the world, bamboo yield accounts for 1/3 of the world, and the bamboo wood occupies the top of all countries in the world. The bamboo has excellent physical and mechanical properties, the tensile strength of the bamboo is about 2 times of that of wood, and the bamboo has good elasticity and flexibility. However, the mechanical properties of the bamboo are closely related and greatly different with the water content, the bamboo stalk position, the bamboo age, the standing conditions, the bamboo species and the like, so that the wide application of the bamboo in the building is limited. The bamboo wood-based panel produced by using bamboo as a main raw material greatly changes the form and structure of the bamboo due to the structural reasonability, and improves the stability of the physical and mechanical properties of the bamboo. The bamboo plywood processed by bamboo is already applied to a large scale as a building template, the corrosion resistance, the water resistance, the fire resistance, the compression resistance, the tensile resistance, the bending resistance and the like of the bamboo plywood are all obviously better than those of a wood template, the turnover frequency is obviously more than that of the wood template, and the working stability and the safety are good.
The surplus of the production capacity of the reinforcing steel bar materials in China is a concern in the industry at present how to reasonably adopt the reinforcing steel bar materials in the vast village and town building structures.
The adhesive mainly adopts latex for bonding wood and wood or bonding wood and bamboo plywood, the latex is also called white latex because the color of the latex is white, the latex is short for polyvinyl acetate adhesive and comprises single-component latex and double-component latex, and the modified latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance. At present, structural adhesive is mainly used for bonding wood and steel or bonding bamboo plywood and steel, has high strength, peeling resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, has stable performance within the expected service life of the structure, is suitable for bonding structural members, and can be used for bonding the same materials such as metal, wood and the like or bonding different materials. The price of the structural adhesive is higher than that of the latex.
Therefore, the wing-provided steel bar-laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood combined T-shaped beam which is economical, practical, low in manufacturing cost and simple and convenient to construct and is suitable for low-rise buildings, particularly low-rise rural houses in villages and towns is developed, and the wing-provided steel bar-laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood combined T-shaped beam has very important practical significance and social, economic and environmental values.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a combined T-shaped beam, which can effectively recycle small-section wood and bamboo resources, increase the usage amount of reinforcing steel bars, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, wide application range and high environmental protection.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the composite T-beam is a winged steel bar frame-staggered laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood composite T-beam, comprising:
the long wood unit comprises a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are in inverted L shapes and are respectively formed by splicing and fixing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner;
the first bamboo plywood is positioned between the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit, and the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit as well as the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit are fixed by first glue, so that a T-shaped combination body is formed;
the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins are coated with second glue and then penetrate and are embedded into the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination along the left-right direction;
the winged steel bar frame is approximately T-shaped in outline and comprises an upper steel bar frame, a lower steel bar frame, a front end steel bar frame and a rear end steel bar frame, wherein the upper steel bar frame is embedded in the upper surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel bar frame are bent downwards respectively to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit of the combination correspondingly, the lower steel bar frame is embedded in the lower end surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame are bent upwards respectively to be correspondingly embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit of the combination, and the front end frame is embedded in the left long wood unit of the combination, The front end surfaces of the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit are welded and fixed with the front ends of the upper steel bar frame and the lower steel bar frame, the rear steel bar frame is embedded in the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combined body and is welded and fixed with the rear end of the upper steel bar frame and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame, and the connection interfaces between the winged steel bar frame and the long wood unit and between the first bamboo plywood are fixed by adopting third glue bonding, so that a T-shaped beam base piece is formed;
the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed;
the plurality of cuffs are approximately T-shaped, and are fittingly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the composite T-beam is fabricated by: firstly, manufacturing a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, wherein the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively formed by staggering, laminating and assembling a plurality of small short woods; then, manufacturing a combination body, and bonding and fixing the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit by first glue to form the combination body; then, installing a first pin, drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction by using an electric drill after the matching interface between the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit and the matching interface between the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit are bonded to reach certain strength, coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the plurality of first pins, and penetrating and embedding the second glue into the holes of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination along the left-right direction to form a double connection interface of mechanical connection and interface bonding complementation of the matching interfaces between the left long wood unit, the right long wood unit and the first bamboo plywood; then, groove-shaped mounting parts matched with the structural outline of the winged steel bar frame are processed on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body; secondly, manufacturing wing-provided steel bars, and determining the sizes of the upper longitudinal steel bar, the lower longitudinal steel bar, the front-end vertical steel bar, the rear-end vertical steel bar, the upper U-shaped steel bar, the lower U-shaped steel bar, the front-end U-shaped steel bar and the rear-end U-shaped steel bar according to the stress requirements of the combined T-shaped beam; secondly, manufacturing a T-shaped beam base piece, coating third glue on the front end steel bar frame, the rear end steel bar frame, the upper steel bar frame and the lower steel bar frame, then respectively and adaptively embedding the third glue into corresponding positions of the groove-type installation part, correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the front end steel bar frame with the front end of the upper steel bar frame and the front end of the lower steel bar frame, and correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the rear end steel bar frame with the rear end of the upper steel bar frame and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame, so that the T-shaped beam base piece is formed; then, manufacturing a T-shaped beam structure, coating fifth glue on a connecting interface between the second bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base piece and a connecting interface between the third bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base piece, and fixing the upper surface of the second bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base piece and the lower surface of the third bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base piece through third pins to form a double connecting interface of mechanical connection and complementary interface bonding of matching interfaces between the second bamboo plywood, the third bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base piece; and finally, installing the hoops, coating sixth glue on the inner sides of the hoops, and sleeving the hoops into the two ends of the combined beam structure and hooping the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.
The composite T-beam according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has the following advantages: the winged steel bar frame can be automatically adjusted and designed based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combined beam, the upper steel bar frame, the lower steel bar frame, the front-end steel bar frame and the rear-end steel bar frame of the winged steel bar frame can be automatically designed according to the stress requirement, the horizontal section of the winged steel bar frame is embedded and fixed in the upper surface and the lower surface with the maximum bending stress of the combined body, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel bar frame and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame are bent and respectively anchored and welded at the front end and the rear end of the combined body, a multi-functional steel bar framework with a hoop, compression tension resistance, end anchoring and continuous force transmission along the length of the beam is formed, and the defect that the common working performance is weakened due to slippage between the steel bar and the wood after the traditional wood embedded steel bar beam is bent is overcome; secondly, a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit which are formed by double connection and combination of staggered laminated small-section short cylindrical bamboo pins and gluing based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combination beam are respectively formed by an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer which are laminated, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer which are stressed greatly are preferably hardwood with higher strength, the middle layer which is stressed slightly is soft wood with lower strength, and the middle layer can be laminated by one layer or multiple layers according to the height requirement of the beam section; the third bamboo plywood and the second bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece with the maximum bending stress, and the strength of the bamboo plywood is twice as high as that of the template, so that the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood can obviously improve the bending rigidity, the bending bearing capacity and the shearing bearing capacity of the T-shaped combination beam, and the structures of different types of materials are efficiently matched based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combination beam, so that the rigidity, the strength and the stability of the T-shaped combination beam are obviously improved; fourthly, the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are combined together by the first bamboo plywood, and the first bamboo plywood not only plays a role in straight positioning, but also serves as a vertical core layer of the cross section of the beam to tightly connect the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit in the process of combining the first bamboo plywood, the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit, so that the defects of horizontal and vertical seams of the long wood unit integrated by the staggered laminated small short wood are overcome, the bending rigidity and the strength of the beam are remarkably improved, and the stress performance is good. Fifthly, the interfaces of the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood are connected by adopting a pin and glue dual connection, so that a firm interface with complementary mechanical connection and interface bonding is formed, the force transmission among the winged reinforcement frame, the laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood is ensured, and the performance of the combined parts working together is improved; sixthly, the small short wood is spliced and fixed in a staggered and laminated mode, so that the mechanical engaging force between the small short wood can be enhanced, the cost is low, and the stress performance of the combined beam is good; seventhly, the winged reinforcement frame, the long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood, the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood work together, are restricted with each other and are stressed cooperatively, the defect that bonding slippage between the reinforcement and the wood is large is overcome, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit have stress performance close to that of the log with the equal section, so that the short board with low tensile strength of the wood is made up; eighth, the small-section short wood, the bamboo plywood and the winged reinforcement frame are organically combined, the structure is simple, the connection is reliable, the ecological environment is protected, the resource utilization of forestry waste small-section logs and residual small-section wood processed in the wood industry and the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of ecological bamboos can be powerfully promoted; ninth, except for the end part of the combined T-shaped beam connected with the wall body or the wood column, which is visible as a T-shaped galvanized steel plate hoop, all steel parts are wrapped by wood and bamboo, so that the durability of the combined beam is obviously improved, the combined beam is very suitable for village and town building structures with large volume and wide range, and the appearance of the combined beam has the ecological sense of the traditional wood-bamboo structure beam.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the first pin is a long cylindrical bamboo pin.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the two adjacent small short woods in the left long wood unit and the two adjacent small end woods in the right long wood unit are connected and fixed by a second pin or dovetail groove connecting piece, and a fourth glue is used for fixing a connecting interface between the two adjacent small short woods in the left long wood unit and a connecting interface between the two adjacent small end woods in the right long wood unit.
According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the left longwood unit comprises a first web component, a first wing component, and the right longwood unit comprises a second web component, a second wing component;
the first web plate component is formed by staggered and laminated arrangement of three or more layers of a part of the small short wood in the left long wood unit, the first wing plate component is formed by fixing the rest part of the small short wood in the left long wood unit in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, and the first wing plate component is fixed on the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web plate component;
the second web subassembly by a plurality of in the long wooden unit of right side some in the little short wood is crisscross the stromatolite setting more than three-layer or three-layer and is formed, the second web subassembly by a plurality of in the long wooden unit of right side all the other parts in the little short wood is fixed with two liang of adjacent arrangement methods in front and back and forms, the second web subassembly is fixed the uppermost layer right side of second web subassembly.
According to yet a further embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the material of the small short wood of the different layers in the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit is the same or different.
According to still further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower layers of the small short wood in the left and right long wood units are processed by high-strength hard wood, and the middle layer of the small short wood in the left and right long wood units is processed by low-strength soft wood.
According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second pin is a first short cylindrical bamboo pin.
According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the winged reinforcement cage is formed of a threaded steel bar.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention,
the upper steel bar frame comprises two upper longitudinal steel bars and at least one upper U-shaped steel bar, the two upper longitudinal steel bars are relatively spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the front ends and the rear ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars are respectively bent downwards to form upper bending sections, the upper U-shaped steel bars are arranged in a mode that openings are downward, and the upper ends of the upper U-shaped steel bars are respectively welded and fixed with the two upper longitudinal steel bars;
the lower steel bar frame comprises two lower longitudinal steel bars and at least one lower U-shaped steel bar, the two lower longitudinal steel bars are spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the distance between the two lower longitudinal steel bars is smaller than the distance between the two upper longitudinal steel bars, the front ends and the rear ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars are respectively bent upwards to form lower bending sections, the lower U-shaped steel bars are arranged with openings facing upwards, and the lower ends of the lower U-shaped steel bars are respectively welded and fixed with the two lower longitudinal steel bars;
the front-end reinforcing steel bar frame comprises two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars and a plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars, the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are oppositely spaced in the left-right direction, the upper ends of the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are bent backwards and welded and fixed with the upper end of the foremost upper U-shaped reinforcing steel bar, the lower ends of the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are welded and fixed with the lower bent sections of the front ends of the two lower longitudinal reinforcing steel bars correspondingly, the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars are arranged with openings facing backwards, the front ends of the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars are welded and fixed with the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars, and the topmost one of the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars is welded and fixed with the front ends of the two upper longitudinal reinforcing steel bars;
the rear end reinforcing bar frame comprises two rear end vertical reinforcing bars and a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars, the two rear end vertical reinforcing bars are spaced relatively in the left-right direction, the two upper ends of the rear end vertical reinforcing bars are bent forwards and welded and fixed with the last upper end of the upper U-shaped reinforcing bar, the two lower ends of the rear end vertical reinforcing bars are correspondingly welded and fixed with the lower bending sections of the rear ends of the lower longitudinal reinforcing bars respectively, the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars are arranged with openings facing forwards, the rear ends of the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars are welded and fixed with the two rear end vertical reinforcing bars respectively, and the uppermost one of the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars is welded and fixed with the two rear ends of the upper longitudinal reinforcing bars.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the third bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by third pins, and a connection interface between the second bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and a connection interface between the third bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by fifth glue.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the third pin is a second short cylindrical bamboo pin.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the ferrule is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule, and a connection interface between the ferrule and the T-shaped beam structure is fixed by a sixth glue.
A second aspect of the present invention also provides a method of making a composite T-beam as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect above.
A method of making a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes the steps of:
manufacturing the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit: the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively formed by staggering, laminating and assembling a plurality of small short woods;
manufacturing the assembly: the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit are respectively bonded and fixed by the first glue, so that the combined body is formed;
installing the first pin: drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination body along the left-right direction at different positions of the combination body by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins, and then respectively embedding the first pins into the through holes in a one-to-one corresponding penetrating manner;
processing groove-shaped mounting parts matched with the structural outline of the winged steel bar frame on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body;
manufacturing the winged steel bar frame: separately manufacturing the upper reinforcement frame, the lower reinforcement frame, the front-end reinforcement frame, and the rear-end reinforcement frame;
manufacturing the T-shaped beam base piece: respectively embedding the front-end reinforcing frame, the rear-end reinforcing frame, the upper reinforcing frame and the lower reinforcing frame into corresponding positions of the groove-shaped mounting part in a matching manner after coating the third glue on the front-end reinforcing frame, the rear-end reinforcing frame, the upper reinforcing frame and the lower reinforcing frame, and then correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the front-end reinforcing frame with the front end of the upper reinforcing frame and the front end of the lower reinforcing frame and the upper end and the lower end of the rear-end reinforcing frame with the rear end of the upper reinforcing frame and the rear end of the lower reinforcing frame, so as to form a T-shaped beam base member;
manufacturing the T-shaped beam structure: fixing the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively, so as to form the T-shaped beam structure;
installing the hoop: and sleeving a plurality of cuffs on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a T-beam structure of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a T-beam base of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the assembled T-beam, the second bamboo plywood, the third bamboo plywood and the third pin according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of one orientation of left and right longwood elements of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a composite T-beam winged steel reinforcement cage according to the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view of one orientation of a longwood unit of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly of a longwood unit and a second pin in a fore-aft direction of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a dovetail connection of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
combined T-beam 1000
Right long wood unit 102 second web component 1021 second wing component 1022
Groove-shaped mounting part 103
Winged steel bar frame 4
Lower longitudinal steel bar 4021 of lower steel bar rack 402 and lower U-shaped steel bar 4022
Front end vertical steel 4031 of front end steel frame 403 and front end U-shaped steel 4032
Rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 of rear end reinforcement cage 404 and rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042
Dovetail groove connecting piece 9
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below in conjunction with fig. 1-9.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, according to the composite T-beam 1000 of the first aspect of the present invention, the composite T-beam 1000 is a winged steel bar frame-staggered laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood composite T-beam 1000, and includes a long wood unit 1, a first bamboo plywood 2, a plurality of first pins 3, a winged steel bar frame 4, a second bamboo plywood 5, a third bamboo plywood 6, and a plurality of hoops 7, wherein the long wood unit 1 includes a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102, and the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are both in an inverted L shape and are respectively formed by splicing and fixing a plurality of staggered laminated small short wood units; the first bamboo plywood 2 is positioned between the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, and the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 as well as the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 are fixed by first glue, so that a T-shaped combination body is formed; after second glue is coated on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins 3, the second glue penetrates through and is embedded into the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the assembly along the left-right direction; the winged steel frame 4 has a substantially T-shaped profile and includes an upper steel frame 401, a lower steel frame 402, a front end steel frame 403, and a rear end steel frame 404, wherein the upper steel frame 401 is embedded in the upper surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel frame 401 are bent downward to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, respectively, the lower steel frame 402 is embedded in the lower surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the lower steel frame 402 are bent upward to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, respectively, and the front end steel frame 403 is embedded in the front end surfaces and the lower ends of the upper long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, and the front end steel frame 401, and the rear end steel frame 404, respectively Welding and fixing, wherein a rear reinforcing frame 404 is embedded in the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination body and is welded and fixed with the rear end of the upper reinforcing frame 401 and the rear end of the lower reinforcing frame 402, and connecting interfaces between the winged reinforcing frame 4 and the long wood unit 1 and between the first bamboo plywood 2 are fixed by third glue in a bonding manner, so that a T-shaped beam base piece is formed; the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed; the plurality of cuffs 7 are approximately T-shaped, and the plurality of cuffs 7 are fittingly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
Specifically, the long wood unit 1 comprises a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102, wherein the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are in an inverted L shape and are respectively formed by splicing and fixing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner; it can be understood that the mechanical engaging force between the small and short woods can be enhanced by splicing and fixing the small and short woods into the long wood unit 1 in a staggered and laminated manner, so that the long wood unit 1 is low in cost and good in stress performance, and the recycling of small-section waste logs and residual small-section wood processed in the wood industry and the comprehensive recycling of a large amount of ecological bamboos are powerfully promoted.
The first bamboo plywood 2 is positioned between the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, and the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 as well as the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 are fixed by first glue, so that a T-shaped combination body is formed; it can be understood that the first bamboo plywood 2 combines the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 together, and because the first bamboo plywood 2 has high strength and good flatness, in the process of combining the first bamboo plywood 2, the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, the bamboo plywood not only plays a role of straight positioning, but also serves as a vertical core layer of the cross section of the beam to tightly connect the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, so that the defects of horizontal and vertical seams of the long wood unit 1 integrated by staggered laminated small short wood are overcome, the bending rigidity and strength of the beam are obviously improved, and the stress performance is good; the first glue is preferably latex, has firm bonding, good water resistance and weather resistance and low cost, can be structural glue, has high strength, peeling resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, has stable performance in the expected service life of the structure, and has wide application range.
After second glue is coated on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins 3, the second glue penetrates through and is embedded into the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the assembly along the left-right direction; specifically, a first glue is adopted to bond and fix the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101, and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102, holes are drilled in the left and right directions after the interface bonding reaches a certain strength, second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins 3, and the second glue penetrates through and is embedded into the holes of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination body in the left and right directions, so that a double connection interface of mechanical connection of the matching interfaces between the left long wood unit 101, the right long wood unit 102 and the first bamboo plywood 2 and complementary interface bonding is formed; the second glue is preferably latex, has firm bonding, good water resistance and weather resistance and low cost, can be structural glue, has high strength, peeling resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, has stable performance in the expected service life of the structure and wide application range.
The winged steel frame 4 has a substantially T-shaped profile and includes an upper steel frame 401, a lower steel frame 402, a front end steel frame 403, and a rear end steel frame 404, wherein the upper steel frame 401 is embedded in the upper surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel frame 401 are bent downward to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, respectively, the lower steel frame 402 is embedded in the lower surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the lower steel frame 402 are bent upward to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, respectively, and the front end steel frame 403 is embedded in the front end surfaces and the lower ends of the upper long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2, and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination, and the front end steel frame 401, and the rear end steel frame 404, respectively Welding and fixing, wherein a rear reinforcing frame 404 is embedded in the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination body and is welded and fixed with the rear end of the upper reinforcing frame 401 and the rear end of the lower reinforcing frame 402, and connecting interfaces between the winged reinforcing frame 4 and the long wood unit 1 and between the first bamboo plywood 2 are fixed by third glue in a bonding manner, so that a T-shaped beam base piece is formed; it can be understood that the circumference of the combination of the upper steel frame 401, the lower steel frame 402, the front steel frame 403 and the rear steel frame 404 forms a multi-functional steel framework with hoop, compression tension resistance, end anchoring and continuous force transmission along the length of the beam, and overcomes the defect that the common working performance is weakened by slippage between the steel bar and the wood after the traditional wood embedded steel beam is bent; the connection interfaces between the winged steel bar frame 4 and the long wood unit 1 and between the first bamboo plywood 2 are fixed by third glue bonding to form a double connection interface of mechanical interlocking connection and interface bonding complementation of the steel bars and the wood; the third glue is preferably a structural glue, has high strength, peeling resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process and stable performance in the expected life of the structure, can be used for bonding the same materials such as metal, wood and the like or different materials, and can reliably bond the winged steel bar frame 4 and the combined body; in addition, the steel bar material can be adopted in the countryside building structure with large volume, and the utilization rate of the steel bars is improved.
The second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed; it can be understood that the bamboo plywood has strong tensile strength, and the bending stress on the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is the greatest, and the bending rigidity, the bending bearing capacity and the shearing bearing capacity of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 can be effectively improved by fixing the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively and correspondingly. In addition, the bamboo plywood is better than a wood formwork in corrosion resistance, water resistance, fire resistance, compression resistance, tensile resistance, bending resistance and the like, the turnover frequency is obviously more than that of the wood formwork, the working stability and the safety are good, and the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 are made of bamboo wood, so that the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved.
The plurality of cuffs 7 are approximately T-shaped, and the plurality of cuffs 7 are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure. It can be understood that the hoop 7 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the T-shaped beam structure to strengthen the constraint of the T-shaped beam structure, so that the structure of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is more stable and has better integrity. Preferably, two cuffs 7 are respectively sleeved on the outer peripheral surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the T-shaped beam structure to strengthen the constraint of the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.
The composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is fabricated by: firstly, a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102 are manufactured, wherein the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are respectively formed by staggering, laminating and assembling a plurality of small short woods; then, manufacturing a combination body, and bonding and fixing the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 by using first glue, thereby forming the combination body; then, installing a first pin 3, after the matching interface between the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 and the matching interface between the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 are bonded to reach a certain strength, drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction by using an electric drill, coating second glue on the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of first pins 3, penetrating and embedding the holes of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the assembly along the left-right direction, and forming a double connection interface of mechanical connection and interface bonding complementation of the matching interfaces between the left long wood unit 101, the right long wood unit 102 and the first bamboo plywood 2; then, groove-shaped mounting parts 103 matched with the structural outline of the winged steel reinforcement frame 4 are processed on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body; secondly, manufacturing the winged steel bars, and determining the sizes of the upper longitudinal steel bar 4011, the lower longitudinal steel bar 4021, the front-end vertical steel bar 4031, the rear-end vertical steel bar 4041, the upper U-shaped steel bar 4012, the lower U-shaped steel bar 4022, the front-end U-shaped steel bar 4032 and the rear-end U-shaped steel bar 4042 according to the stress requirements of the combined T-shaped beam 1000; secondly, manufacturing a T-shaped beam base piece, coating third glue on the front-end reinforcing frame 403, the rear-end reinforcing frame 404, the upper reinforcing frame 401 and the lower reinforcing frame 402, then respectively and adaptively embedding the third glue into corresponding positions of the groove-type installation part 103, then correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the front-end reinforcing frame 403 with the front end of the upper reinforcing frame 401 and the front end of the lower reinforcing frame 402, and correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the rear-end reinforcing frame 404 with the rear end of the upper reinforcing frame 401 and the rear end of the lower reinforcing frame 402, so as to form the T-shaped beam base piece; secondly, manufacturing a T-shaped beam structure, coating fifth glue on a connecting interface between the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base piece and a connecting interface between the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base piece, fixing the upper surfaces of the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base piece and the lower surfaces of the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base piece through third pins 10, and forming double connecting interfaces of mechanical connection and complementary interface bonding of matching interfaces between the second bamboo plywood 5, the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base piece; and finally, installing the hoops 7, coating sixth glue on the inner sides of the hoops 7, and sleeving the hoops 7 into the two ends of the combined beam structure from the two ends of the combined beam structure and hooping the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.
The composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention has the following advantages: firstly, the winged steel bar frame 4 can be automatically adjusted and designed based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combined beam, the upper steel bar frame 401, the lower steel bar frame 402, the front-end steel bar frame 403 and the rear-end steel bar frame 404 of the winged steel bar frame 4 can be automatically designed according to the stress requirement, the horizontal section of the winged steel bar frame 4 is embedded and fixed in the upper surface and the lower surface with the maximum bending stress of the combined body, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel bar frame 401 and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame 402 are bent and respectively anchored and welded at the front end and the rear end of the combined body, a multi-functional steel bar framework with a hoop, compression resistance, end anchoring and continuous force transmission along the length of the beam is formed, and the defect that the common working performance is weakened due to slippage between the bent steel bar and the wood of the traditional wood embedded steel bar beam is overcome; secondly, a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102 which are formed by double connection and combination of staggered laminated small-section short cylindrical bamboo pins and gluing based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combination beam are respectively formed by laminating layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer which are stressed greatly are preferably hardwood with higher strength, the middle layer which is stressed slightly is soft wood with lower strength, and the middle layer can adopt one layer or multilayer lamination according to the height requirement of the beam section; the third bamboo plywood 5 and the second bamboo plywood 6 are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece with the maximum bending stress, and the strength of the bamboo plywood is twice as high as that of the template, so that the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 can obviously improve the bending rigidity, the bending bearing capacity and the shearing bearing capacity of the T-shaped combined beam, and the structures of different types of materials are efficiently matched based on the stress requirement of the T-shaped combined beam, so that the rigidity, the strength and the stability of the T-shaped combined beam are obviously improved; fourthly, the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are combined together through the first bamboo plywood 2, and due to the fact that the first bamboo plywood 2 is high in strength and good in flatness, in the process of combining the first bamboo plywood 2, the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, the first bamboo plywood 2 not only plays a role of straight positioning, but also serves as a vertical core layer of the cross section of the beam to tightly connect the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, the defects of horizontal and vertical seams of the long wood unit 1 integrated by the staggered laminated small short wood are overcome, bending rigidity and strength of the beam are remarkably improved, and stress performance is good. Fifthly, the interfaces of the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood are connected by adopting a pin and glue dual connection, so that a firm interface with complementary mechanical connection and interface bonding is formed, the force transmission between the winged reinforcement frame 4-the laminated small short wood-the bamboo plywood is ensured, and the performance of the combined parts working together is improved; sixthly, the small short wood is spliced and fixed in a staggered and laminated mode, so that the mechanical engaging force between the small short wood can be enhanced, the cost is low, and the stress performance of the combined beam is good; seventh, the winged reinforcement frame 4, the long wood unit 1, the first bamboo plywood 2, the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 work together, are restricted with each other and stressed cooperatively, so that the defect of large bonding slippage of the reinforcement and the wood is overcome, and the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 have the stress performance close to that of the log with the equal section, so that the short board with low tensile strength of the wood is made up; eighth, the small-section short wood, the bamboo plywood and the winged reinforcement frame 4 are organically combined, the structure is simple, the connection is reliable, the ecological environment is protected, and the resource utilization of forestry waste small-section logs and residual small-section wood processed in the wood industry and the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of ecological bamboos can be powerfully promoted; ninth, except for the end part of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 connected with the wall body or the wood column, which is visible as the T-shaped galvanized steel plate hoop 7, all steel parts are wrapped by wood and bamboo, so that the durability of the combined beam is obviously improved, the combined beam is very suitable for village and town building structures with large volume and wide range, and the appearance of the combined beam has the ecological sense of the traditional wood-bamboo structure beam.
According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the first spike 3 is a long cylindrical bamboo spike. Specifically, after second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the long cylindrical bamboo pins, the long cylindrical bamboo pins penetrate through and are embedded into the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combined body in the left-right direction, the length dimension of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is equal to the width dimension of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 in the left-right direction, and the diameter of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is not smaller than 8mm, so that the long cylindrical bamboo pins can reliably fix the combined T-shaped beam 1000 in the left-right direction, the strength of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is guaranteed, and the situations of fracture and the like in the using process are avoided. The number of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is determined according to the requirement. In addition, the long cylindrical bamboo pin is made of bamboo, the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved, and the long cylindrical bamboo pin is high in tensile strength and good in elasticity and flexibility; the long cylindrical bamboo pins and the second glue can form a double-connection interface of mechanical connection and interface bonding complementation of a left long wood unit 101, a first bamboo plywood 2 and a right long wood unit 102 of the T-shaped beam base part, so that the force transmission among the combined T-shaped beams 1000 is ensured, and the common working performance of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the two adjacent small short woods in the left long wood unit 101 and the two adjacent small short woods in the right long wood unit 102 are connected and fixed by the second pin 8 or the dovetail groove connecting piece 9, and the connecting interface between the two adjacent small short woods in the left long wood unit 101 and the connecting interface between the two adjacent small end woods in the right long wood unit 102 are fixed by the fourth glue. Thus, the interface of the small short wood connection interface mechanical connection and the interface bonding complementary dual connection interface can be formed, the transmission of force between the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. In addition, the fourth glue is preferably selected from latex, the latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and weather resistance, the fourth glue can also be structural glue, the structural glue is high in strength, resistant to stripping and impact, capable of bearing large loads, resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure, and wide in application range.
According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the left longwood unit 101 comprises a first web component 1011, a first wing component 1012, and the right longwood unit 102 comprises a second web component 1021, a second wing component 1022;
the first web plate assembly 1011 is formed by staggered and laminated three or more layers of a part of small short woods in the left long wood unit 101, the first wing plate assembly 1012 is formed by fixing the rest of small short woods in the left long wood unit 101 in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, and the first wing plate assembly 1012 is fixed on the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web plate assembly 1011; specifically, the connection interface between the front and rear adjacent small joists in the first wing plate assembly 1012, the connection interface between the first wing plate assembly 1012 and the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web plate assembly 1011, the connection interface between the front and rear adjacent small joists in the first wing plate assembly 1021 and the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web plate assembly 1011, the connection interface between the front and rear adjacent small joists in the second web plate assembly 1021 and the connection interface between the upper and lower adjacent small joists in the different layers are fixed by fourth glue, so that the transmission of force between the combined T-beam 1000 is ensured, the performance of the whole combined T-beam 1000 is improved, and in addition, the fourth glue is preferably selected from latex which has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance, the fourth glue can also be structural glue which has high strength, stripping resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, stable performance in the expected service life of the structure and wide application range, and thus, the fourth glue can reliably bond two adjacent small short woods in the front and at the back of each layer and two adjacent small short woods in the upper and at the lower of different layers.
The second web plate component 1021 is formed by staggered lamination of three or more layers of a part of small short wood in the right long wood unit 102, the second web plate component 1022 is formed by fixing the rest part of small short wood in the right long wood unit 102 in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, and the second web plate component 1022 is fixed on the right side of the uppermost layer of the second web plate component 1021. Specifically, the connection interface between the front and back adjacent small short woods in the second web component 1022, the connection interface between the second web component 1022 and the right side of the uppermost layer of the second web component 1021, the connection interface between the front and back adjacent small short woods in each layer of the second web component 1021, and the connection interface between the front and back adjacent small woods in each layer of the second web component 1021, and the connection interface between the upper and lower adjacent small woods in each layer of the second web component 1021 are fixed by fourth glue, so that the transmission of force between the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured, and the common working performance of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved, in addition, the fourth glue is preferably selected from latex, the latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and weather resistance, the fourth glue can also be structural glue, the structural glue is high in strength, resistant to stripping and impact, capable of bearing large load, resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure and wide in application range, and therefore the fourth glue can reliably bond two adjacent small short woods in the front and at the back of each two layers and two adjacent small short woods in the up and down of different layers.
It should be noted that the joint between two adjacent front and back short woods in the left long wood unit 101 and the joint between two adjacent front and back short woods in the right long wood unit 102 are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged. The number of layers in the left long wood unit 101 may be the same as or different from the number of layers in the right long wood unit 102; the lengths of the small short wood of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 on the same layer can be symmetrical or asymmetrical; the cross section of the small short wood is rectangular, the side length of the cross section of the small short wood is not less than 40mm, and the length of the small short wood in the front-back direction is not less than 1/4 of the length of the combined T-shaped beam 1000. Like this, little short wood all is in reasonable within range at cross section and the ascending size of fore-and-aft direction, conveniently becomes long wooden unit 1 with a plurality of little short wood systems, and the long wooden unit 1 atress performance of accomplishing of preparation is good, and stable in structure avoids leading to the glue quantity many and the structure to be destroyed easily because little short wood size undersize.
According to yet a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the material of the different layers of small short wood within the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 is the same or different. It can be understood that the types of the forestry waste small short wood and the wood industry processing waste small short wood are more, when the materials of the small short wood in different layers in the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are the same, the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is more attractive, and when the materials of the small short wood in different layers in the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are different, the utilization rate of the forestry waste small short wood and the wood industry processing waste small short wood can be improved.
According to a still further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower small short woods in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 are processed using high-strength hardwoods, and the middle small short woods in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 are processed using low-strength softwoods. It is understood that, when the material of the uppermost and lowermost small short wood in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 is hardwood, the thickness of the uppermost and lowermost small short wood in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 is relatively small due to high strength of the hardwood, thereby saving the hardwood, and at the same time, the material of the intermediate small short wood in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 may be softwood, and the intermediate layer in the left and right long wood units 101 and 102 may be one layer and the thickness of the intermediate layer is large or multiple layers and the thickness of the intermediate layer is small due to low strength of the softwood. The wood with different strengths is selected according to the stress requirements of the combined T-shaped beam 1000, so that the strength of different woods is fully exerted, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of small short woods made of different materials is improved, the stress performance of the combined beam can be obviously improved under the same manufacturing cost, and the cost performance is high.
It should be noted that no small short wood joints are arranged at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the long wood unit 11 of the 1/2 long section in the beam span with the larger beam bending moment, so that the working performance of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured.
According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the second pin 8 is a first short cylindrical bamboo pin. Specifically, the two small short woods in each layer of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, which are adjacent in the front and back direction, and the two small short woods in different layers of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102, which are adjacent in the up and down direction, can be spliced and fixed by adopting first short cylindrical bamboo pins, so that the splicing and fixing are convenient and reliable; first short cylinder bamboo pin's length is not less than 40mm and the diameter is not less than 6mm, like this, both can link up a plurality of little quarter woods through first short cylinder bamboo pin firm, and is high-efficient fixed, can guarantee first short cylinder bamboo pin self intensity again, difficult emergence fracture. The number of the first short cylindrical bamboo pins is determined according to the requirement. In addition, first short cylinder bamboo pin is made by the bamboo timber, has improved the utilization ratio of bamboo class resource, and first short cylinder bamboo pin's tensile strength is high, and elasticity and softness are good.
According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the winged steel reinforcement cage 4 is made of a threaded steel bar. It can be understood that the rebar and the long wood unit 1 are reliably fixed, and therefore the winged steel reinforcement frame 4 can overcome the defect that the bonding slippage of the rebar and the wood is large after the rebar and the wood are bent.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention,
the upper steel bar frame 401 comprises two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011 and at least one upper U-shaped steel bar 4012, the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011 are relatively spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the front ends and the rear ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011 are respectively bent downwards to form upper bending sections, the upper U-shaped steel bars 4012 are arranged with openings facing downwards, and the upper ends of the upper U-shaped steel bars 4012 are respectively welded and fixed with the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011;
the lower reinforcement frame 402 comprises two lower longitudinal reinforcements 4021 and at least one lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022, the two lower longitudinal reinforcements 4021 are relatively spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the distance between the two lower longitudinal reinforcements 4021 is smaller than the distance between the two upper longitudinal reinforcements 4011, the front ends and the rear ends of the two lower longitudinal reinforcements 4021 are respectively bent upwards to form lower bent sections, the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022 is arranged with an upward opening, and the lower ends of the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022 are respectively welded and fixed with the two lower longitudinal reinforcements 4021;
the front-end steel bar rack 403 comprises two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 and a plurality of front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032, the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 are relatively spaced in the left-right direction, the upper ends of the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 are bent backwards and welded and fixed with the upper end of the foremost upper U-shaped steel bar 4012, the lower ends of the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 are respectively and correspondingly welded and fixed with the lower bent sections of the front ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars 4021, the plurality of front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032 are arranged with openings facing backwards, the front ends of the plurality of front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032 are respectively welded and fixed with the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031, and the uppermost front-end U-shaped steel bar 4032 in the plurality of front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032 is also welded and fixed with the front ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011;
rear end reinforcing bar frame 404 includes two rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 and a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042, two rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 are at left and right sides direction relative spacing apart, the upper end of two rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 all buckles forward and go up U-shaped reinforcement 4012's upper end welded fastening with the last, the lower extreme of two rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 corresponds the lower bending section welded fastening with the rear end of two lower longitudinal reinforcement 4021 respectively, a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042 are opening setting forward, the rear end of a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042 respectively with two rear end vertical reinforcement 4041 welded fastening, the top rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042 still with two rear end welded fastening who goes up longitudinal reinforcement 4011 in a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042.
It can be understood that the dimensions of the upper longitudinal reinforcement 4011, the lower longitudinal reinforcement 4021, the front vertical reinforcement 4031, the rear vertical reinforcement 4041, the upper U-shaped reinforcement 4012, the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022, the front U-shaped reinforcement 4032 and the rear U-shaped reinforcement 4042 are determined by the stress requirements of the combined T-beam 1000, the slotted mounting portions 103 matching the structural profile of the winged reinforcement 4 are formed on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined unit, the upper reinforcement 401, the lower reinforcement 402, the front reinforcement 403 and the rear reinforcement 404 are respectively embedded in the slotted mounting portions 103 on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined unit, and during the embedding, the connection interfaces between the upper reinforcement 401, the lower reinforcement 402, the front reinforcement 403, the rear reinforcement 404 and the long wood unit 1 and between the first bamboo plywood 2 are fixed by structural adhesive, so as to form a dual connection interface complementary to mechanical interlocking and interfacial adhesion of the reinforcement and wood, after the installation is finished, the upper ends of two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 are welded and fixed with the upper end of the foremost upper U-shaped steel bar 4012, the lower ends of the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 are welded and fixed with the lower bent sections of the front ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars 4021 correspondingly respectively, the front ends of the multiple front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032 are welded and fixed with the two front-end vertical steel bars 4031 respectively, the uppermost front-end U-shaped steel bar 4032 in the multiple front-end U-shaped steel bars 4032 is welded and fixed with the front ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011 respectively, the upper ends of the two rear-end vertical steel bars 4041 are welded and fixed with the upper end of the last upper U-shaped steel bar 4012 respectively, the lower ends of the two rear-end vertical steel bars 4041 are welded and fixed with the lower bent sections of the rear ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars 4021 correspondingly respectively, the rear ends of the multiple rear-end U-shaped steel bars 4042 are welded and fixed with the upper ends of the two rear-end vertical steel bars 4011 respectively. Therefore, a multi-functional steel bar framework with hoops, compression tension resistance, end anchoring and continuous force transmission along the length of the beam is formed, the winged steel bar frame 4, the staggered laminated small short wood long wood units 1 and the I-shaped bamboo plywood stiffness units work together, are restricted mutually and are stressed cooperatively, the defect that the common working performance is weakened due to sliding between the steel bars and the wood after the traditional wood embedded steel bar beam is bent is overcome, the bonding performance is good, the service life is long, the construction process is simple and convenient, the performance is stable within the expected service life of the structure, and the embedding is firm and reliable.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second bamboo plywood 5 and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the third bamboo plywood 6 and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by the third pins 10, and the connection interface between the second bamboo plywood 5 and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the connection interface between the third bamboo plywood 6 and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by the fifth glue. Therefore, a connecting interface between the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base part, and a connecting interface between the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base part are mechanically connected and interface bonding complementary double-connecting interfaces can be formed, so that the force transmission between the combined T-shaped beams 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. The upper surfaces of the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base part and the lower surfaces of the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base part are fixed through the third pins 10, the fixing mode is simple and reliable, and the number of the third pins 10 is determined according to requirements.
It should be noted that, the whole bamboo plywood is adopted in the midspan area of the beam, joints of the bamboo plywood are arranged at two ends of the beam when the length of the finished bamboo plywood is less than the length of the beam, and the joints are staggered from the joints of the small short wood at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the left long wood unit 101 and the joints of the small short wood at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the right long wood unit 102 by no less than 100mm, so as to ensure the stress performance of the combined T-shaped beam 1000.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the third pin 10 is a second short cylindrical bamboo pin. It can be understood that the third pin 10 can be a second short cylindrical bamboo pin made of bamboo, which improves the utilization rate of bamboo resources, and the second short cylindrical bamboo pin has high tensile strength and good elasticity and flexibility; the fifth glue is preferably selected from latex which has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance, the fifth glue can also be structural glue which has high strength, stripping resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, stable performance in the expected service life of the structure and wide application range, and thus, the fifth glue can reliably bond the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base piece as well as the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base piece.
According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the ferrule 7 is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule 7, and the connection interface between the ferrule 7 and the T-beam structure is fixed by a sixth glue. Specifically, the T-shaped galvanized steel sheet hoop 7 is tightly sleeved from two ends of the T-shaped beam structure, a sixth glue is brushed on a connecting interface between the hoop 7 and the T-shaped beam structure to realize the bonding of the interface between the T-shaped galvanized hoop 7 and the T-shaped beam structure, and the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure are reinforced and restrained through the hoop 7. In addition, the sixth glue is preferably a structural glue which has high strength, is anti-stripping and impact-resistant, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has a simple construction process, has stable performance within the expected service life of the structure and a wide application range, and can reliably bond the hoop 7 and the T-shaped beam structure.
It should be noted that the thickness of the ferrule 7 is not less than 2mm, and the width of the ferrule 7 is not less than 40mm, so as to ensure the strength of the ferrule 7, so that the ferrule 7 can reliably strengthen and restrain the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure, and the actual size of the thickness and the width of the ferrule 7 is determined by specific conditions.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides a method of making a composite T-beam 1000 as described above in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.
A method of fabricating a composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, comprises the steps of:
manufacturing a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102: the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 are respectively formed by staggering, laminating and assembling a plurality of small short woods;
specifically, each layer of the first web plate assembly 1011 and the second web plate assembly 1021 of the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102 is manufactured firstly, two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the first web plate assembly 1011 and two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the second web plate assembly 1021 are spliced and fixed through a first short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 9, a connecting interface between the two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the first web plate assembly 1011 and a connecting surface between the two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the second web plate assembly 1021 are fixed by adopting fourth glue, so that each layer of the first web plate assembly 1021 and each layer of the second web plate assembly 1021 are formed, and the joints of the two adjacent front and back short woods are staggered; secondly, manufacturing a first web plate component 1011 and a second web plate component 1021, splicing and fixing two small short woods which are adjacent from top to bottom on different layers of the first web plate component 1011 and the second web plate component 1021 through a first short cylindrical bamboo pin, and fixing a connecting interface between the two small short woods which are adjacent from top to bottom on the different layers by adopting fourth glue to form the first web plate component 1011 and the second web plate component 1021; then, a first wing plate assembly 1012 and a second wing plate assembly 1022 are manufactured, two front and back adjacent small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 1012 and the second wing plate assembly 1022 are spliced and fixed through a first short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 9, and a connecting interface between the front and back adjacent small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 1012 and a connecting interface between the front and back adjacent small short woods in the second wing plate assembly 1022 are fixed through fourth glue bonding to form the first wing plate assembly 1012 and the second wing plate assembly 1022; then, a left long wood unit 101 and a right long wood unit 102 are manufactured, the small short wood of the first wing assembly 1012 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 1011 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and the small short wood of the second wing assembly 1022 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 1021 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are spliced and fixed through a first short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 9, and a connecting interface between the small short wood of the first wing assembly 1012 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 1011 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and a connecting interface between the small short wood of the second wing assembly 1022 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 1021 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are fixed by fourth glue to form the left long wood unit 101 and the right long wood unit 102;
manufacturing a combination: respectively adopting first glue to bond and fix the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 so as to form a combined body;
mounting the first pin 3: drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the combination body along the left-right direction at different positions of the combination body by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins 3, and then respectively embedding the first pins 3 into the through holes in a one-to-one corresponding penetrating manner;
specifically, a space between the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right side surface of the left long wood unit 101 and a space between the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood 2 and the left side surface of the right long wood unit 102 are fixed by first glue in a bonding mode, after the interface bonding reaches a certain strength, a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 are drilled at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction by electric drilling, second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins 3 and penetrates through and is embedded into holes of the left long wood unit 101, the first bamboo plywood 2 and the right long wood unit 102 of the assembly along the left-right direction, and a dual connection interface of mechanical connection of the matching interfaces between the left long wood unit 101, the right long wood unit 102 and the first bamboo plywood 2 and complementary interface bonding is formed.
The upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body are provided with groove-shaped mounting parts 103 matched with the structural outline of the winged steel bar frame 4;
specifically, round holes and grooves for fitting with the winged steel bar frame 4 are made on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body, round holes for fitting with the lower end of the upper U-shaped steel bar 4012 are made on the upper surface of the combined body, horizontal grooves for fitting with the upper end of the upper U-shaped steel bar 4012 are made, longitudinal horizontal grooves for fitting with the bent sections of the upper longitudinal steel bar 4011 and the front end U-shaped steel bar 4032 and the bent section of the rear end U-shaped steel bar 4042 are made, round holes for fitting with the upper end of the lower U-shaped steel bar 4022 are made on the lower surface of the combined body, horizontal grooves for fitting with the lower end of the lower U-shaped steel bar 4022 are made, longitudinal horizontal grooves for fitting with the lower longitudinal steel bar 4021 are made, grooves for fitting with the upper bent section of the upper steel bar frame 401 and the lower bent section of the lower steel bar frame 402 are made at both ends of the combined body, round holes for fitting with the rear end of the front end U-shaped steel bar 4032 are made at the front end of the combined body, grooves assembled with the front ends of the front-end vertical steel bar 4031 and the front-end U-shaped steel bar 4032 are manufactured, round holes assembled with the front ends of the rear-end U-shaped steel bars 4042 are manufactured at the rear end of the combined body, and grooves assembled with the rear ends of the rear-end vertical steel bars 4041 and the rear-end U-shaped steel bars 4042 are manufactured.
Manufacturing a winged steel bar frame 4: an upper steel bar frame 401, a lower steel bar frame 402, a front end steel bar frame 403 and a rear end steel bar frame 404 are separately manufactured;
specifically, the dimensions of the upper longitudinal reinforcement 4011, the lower longitudinal reinforcement 4021, the front end vertical reinforcement 4031, the rear end vertical reinforcement 4041, the upper U-shaped reinforcement 4012, the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022, the front end U-shaped reinforcement 4032, and the rear end U-shaped reinforcement 4042 are determined according to the stress requirements of the combined T-beam 1000.
Manufacturing a T-shaped beam base piece: after coating third glue on the front-end steel frame 403, the rear-end steel frame 404, the upper steel frame 401 and the lower steel frame 402, respectively, fittingly embedding the front-end steel frame 403, the rear-end steel frame 404, the upper steel frame 401 and the lower steel frame 402 into corresponding positions of the groove-type installation part 103, respectively, welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the front-end steel frame 403, the front end of the upper steel frame 401 and the front end of the lower steel frame 402 correspondingly, and welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the rear-end steel frame 404, the rear end of the upper steel frame 401 and the rear end of the lower steel frame 402 correspondingly, respectively, so as to form a T-shaped beam base member;
specifically, the circular holes on the upper surface of the combination are assembled with the lower end of the upper U-shaped reinforcement 4012, the horizontal grooves are assembled with the upper end of the upper U-shaped reinforcement 4012, the vertical horizontal grooves are assembled with the upper longitudinal reinforcement 4011, the bent section of the front U-shaped reinforcement 4032, and the bent section of the rear U-shaped reinforcement 4042, the circular holes on the lower surface of the combination are assembled with the upper end of the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022, the horizontal grooves are assembled with the lower end of the lower U-shaped reinforcement 4022, the vertical horizontal grooves are assembled with the lower longitudinal reinforcement 4021, the grooves at both ends of the combination are assembled with the upper bent section of the upper reinforcement frame 401 and the lower bent section of the lower frame 402, the circular holes at the front end of the combination are assembled with the rear end of the front U-shaped reinforcement 4032, the grooves are assembled with the front ends of the front vertical reinforcement 4031 and the front U-shaped reinforcement 4032, the grooves are assembled with the front ends of the circular holes and the rear reinforcement 404, the grooves are assembled with the rear ends of the rear U-shaped reinforcement 4042, in the embedding process, the connecting interfaces between the upper steel bar frame 401, the lower steel bar frame 402, the front end steel bar frame 403, the rear end steel bar frame 404 and the long wood unit 1 and between the first bamboo plywood 2 are bonded and fixed by structural adhesive to form a double connecting interface of mechanical interlocking connection of steel bars and wood and complementary interface bonding, after the installation is finished, the upper ends of two front end vertical steel bars 4031 and the upper end of the foremost upper U-shaped steel bar 4012 are welded and fixed, the lower ends of the two front end vertical steel bars 4031 are welded and fixed with the lower bending sections of the front ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars 4021 correspondingly, the front ends of a plurality of front end U-shaped steel bars 4032 are welded and fixed with the two front end vertical steel bars 4031 respectively, the uppermost front end U-shaped steel bar 4032 in the plurality of front end U-shaped steel bars 4032 is welded and fixed with the front ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars 4011, the upper ends of the two rear end vertical steel bars 4041 are welded and fixed with the upper end of the last upper U-shaped steel bar 4012, the lower ends of the two rear-end vertical reinforcing bars 4041 are respectively and correspondingly welded and fixed with the lower bent sections at the rear ends of the two lower longitudinal reinforcing bars 4021, the rear ends of the plurality of rear-end U-shaped reinforcing bars 4042 are respectively welded and fixed with the two rear-end vertical reinforcing bars 4041, and the uppermost rear-end U-shaped reinforcing bar 4042 of the plurality of rear-end U-shaped reinforcing bars 4042 is also welded and fixed with the rear ends of the two upper longitudinal reinforcing bars 4011 to form the T-shaped beam base piece.
Manufacturing a T-shaped beam structure: fixing a second bamboo plywood 5 and a third bamboo plywood 6 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively, so as to form a T-shaped beam structure;
specifically, a fifth glue is coated on a connecting interface between the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base part and a connecting interface between the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base part, and then the third pin 10 fixes the upper surfaces of the second bamboo plywood 5 and the T-shaped beam base part and the lower surfaces of the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base part to form a double connecting interface of the matching interface mechanical connection and the interface bonding complementation among the second bamboo plywood 5, the third bamboo plywood 6 and the T-shaped beam base part.
Installation of the ferrule 7: a plurality of ferrules 7 are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
Specifically, the sixth glue is coated on the inner sides of the hoops 7, and then the hoops 7 are sleeved into and hoop the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure from the two ends of the composite beam structure.
It should be noted that the exposed parts of the small short wood, the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are subjected to surface polishing and smoothing treatment, if color difference treatment is required, the color difference treatment is performed, then the exposed parts of the small short wood, the second bamboo plywood 5 and the third bamboo plywood 6 of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are coated with wood varnish, and the steel bars and the steel plates exposed at the two ends of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are coated with anti-rust paint.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (13)
1. A composite T-beam, wherein said composite T-beam is a winged steel-frame-cross laminated log-bamboo plywood composite T-beam, comprising:
the long wood unit comprises a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are in inverted L shapes and are respectively formed by splicing and fixing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner;
the first bamboo plywood is positioned between the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit, and the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit as well as the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit are fixed by first glue, so that a T-shaped combination body is formed;
the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins are coated with second glue and then penetrate and are embedded into the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination along the left-right direction;
the winged steel bar frame is approximately T-shaped in outline and comprises an upper steel bar frame, a lower steel bar frame, a front end steel bar frame and a rear end steel bar frame, wherein the upper steel bar frame is embedded in the upper surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the upper steel bar frame are bent downwards respectively to be embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit of the combination correspondingly, the lower steel bar frame is embedded in the lower end surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination, the front end and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame are bent upwards respectively to be correspondingly embedded in the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit of the combination, and the front end frame is embedded in the left long wood unit of the combination, The front end surfaces of the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit are welded and fixed with the front ends of the upper steel bar frame and the lower steel bar frame, the rear steel bar frame is embedded in the rear end surfaces of the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combined body and is welded and fixed with the rear end of the upper steel bar frame and the rear end of the lower steel bar frame, and the connection interfaces between the winged steel bar frame and the long wood unit and between the first bamboo plywood are fixed by adopting third glue bonding, so that a T-shaped beam base piece is formed;
the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed;
the plurality of cuffs are approximately T-shaped, and are fittingly sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
2. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the first pin is an elongated cylindrical bamboo pin.
3. The composite T-beam according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent small short wood units in the left long wood unit and two adjacent small end wood units in the right long wood unit are fixedly connected by a second pin or dovetail groove connecting piece, and a fourth glue is fixedly bonded between a connecting interface between two adjacent small short wood units in the left long wood unit and a connecting interface between two adjacent small end wood units in the right long wood unit.
4. The composite T-beam of claim 3, wherein said left long wood element comprises a first web component, a first wing component, and said right long wood element comprises a second web component, a second wing component;
the first web plate component is formed by staggered and laminated arrangement of three or more layers of a part of the small short wood in the left long wood unit, the first wing plate component is formed by fixing the rest part of the small short wood in the left long wood unit in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, and the first wing plate component is fixed on the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web plate component;
the second web subassembly by a plurality of in the long wooden unit of right side some in the little short wood is crisscross the stromatolite setting more than three-layer or three-layer and is formed, the second web subassembly by a plurality of in the long wooden unit of right side all the other parts in the little short wood is fixed with two liang of adjacent arrangement methods in front and back and forms, the second web subassembly is fixed the uppermost layer right side of second web subassembly.
5. The composite T-beam as in claim 4, wherein the materials of the minor jogs of different layers within the left and right longwood units are the same or different.
6. The composite T-beam as defined in claim 5, wherein said upper and lower short wood of said left and right long wood units are processed using high strength hardwood and said middle short wood of said left and right long wood units are processed using low strength softwood.
7. The composite T-beam of claim 3, wherein said second pin is a first short cylindrical bamboo pin.
8. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein said winged reinforcement cage is formed of rebar.
9. The composite T-beam of claim 1,
the upper steel bar frame comprises two upper longitudinal steel bars and at least one upper U-shaped steel bar, the two upper longitudinal steel bars are relatively spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the front ends and the rear ends of the two upper longitudinal steel bars are respectively bent downwards to form upper bending sections, the upper U-shaped steel bars are arranged in a mode that openings are downward, and the upper ends of the upper U-shaped steel bars are respectively welded and fixed with the two upper longitudinal steel bars;
the lower steel bar frame comprises two lower longitudinal steel bars and at least one lower U-shaped steel bar, the two lower longitudinal steel bars are spaced in the left-right direction and extend in the front-back direction, the distance between the two lower longitudinal steel bars is smaller than the distance between the two upper longitudinal steel bars, the front ends and the rear ends of the two lower longitudinal steel bars are respectively bent upwards to form lower bending sections, the lower U-shaped steel bars are arranged with openings facing upwards, and the lower ends of the lower U-shaped steel bars are respectively welded and fixed with the two lower longitudinal steel bars;
the front-end reinforcing steel bar frame comprises two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars and a plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars, the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are oppositely spaced in the left-right direction, the upper ends of the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are bent backwards and welded and fixed with the upper end of the foremost upper U-shaped reinforcing steel bar, the lower ends of the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars are welded and fixed with the lower bent sections of the front ends of the two lower longitudinal reinforcing steel bars correspondingly, the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars are arranged with openings facing backwards, the front ends of the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars are welded and fixed with the two front-end vertical reinforcing steel bars, and the topmost one of the plurality of front-end U-shaped reinforcing steel bars is welded and fixed with the front ends of the two upper longitudinal reinforcing steel bars;
the rear end reinforcing bar frame comprises two rear end vertical reinforcing bars and a plurality of rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars, the two rear end vertical reinforcing bars are spaced relatively in the left-right direction, the two upper ends of the rear end vertical reinforcing bars are bent forwards and welded and fixed with the last upper end of the upper U-shaped reinforcing bar, the two lower ends of the rear end vertical reinforcing bars are correspondingly welded and fixed with the lower bending sections of the rear ends of the lower longitudinal reinforcing bars respectively, the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars are arranged with openings facing forwards, the rear ends of the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars are welded and fixed with the two rear end vertical reinforcing bars respectively, and the uppermost one of the rear end U-shaped reinforcing bars is welded and fixed with the two rear ends of the upper longitudinal reinforcing bars.
10. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the second bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-beam base member and the third bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-beam base member are secured by third pins, and wherein a connection interface between the second bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-beam base member and a connection interface between the third bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-beam base member are secured by fifth glue.
11. The composite T-beam of claim 10, wherein said third pin is a second short cylindrical bamboo pin.
12. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the ferrule is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule, and a connection interface between the ferrule and the T-beam structure is secured with a sixth glue bond.
13. A method of making a composite T-beam according to any of claims 1-12, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit: the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively formed by staggering, laminating and assembling a plurality of small short woods;
manufacturing the assembly: the left side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the right side surface of the left long wood unit and the right side surface of the first bamboo plywood and the left side surface of the right long wood unit are respectively bonded and fixed by the first glue, so that the combined body is formed;
installing the first pin: drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit, the first bamboo plywood and the right long wood unit of the combination body along the left-right direction at different positions of the combination body by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins, and then respectively embedding the first pins into the through holes in a one-to-one corresponding penetrating manner;
processing groove-shaped mounting parts matched with the structural outline of the winged steel bar frame on the upper surface, the lower surface, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the combined body;
manufacturing the winged steel bar frame: separately manufacturing the upper reinforcement frame, the lower reinforcement frame, the front-end reinforcement frame, and the rear-end reinforcement frame;
manufacturing the T-shaped beam base piece: respectively embedding the front-end reinforcing frame, the rear-end reinforcing frame, the upper reinforcing frame and the lower reinforcing frame into corresponding positions of the groove-shaped mounting part in a matching manner after coating the third glue on the front-end reinforcing frame, the rear-end reinforcing frame, the upper reinforcing frame and the lower reinforcing frame, and then correspondingly welding and fixing the upper end and the lower end of the front-end reinforcing frame with the front end of the upper reinforcing frame and the front end of the lower reinforcing frame and the upper end and the lower end of the rear-end reinforcing frame with the rear end of the upper reinforcing frame and the rear end of the lower reinforcing frame, so as to form a T-shaped beam base member;
manufacturing the T-shaped beam structure: fixing the second bamboo plywood and the third bamboo plywood on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively, so as to form the T-shaped beam structure;
installing the hoop: and sleeving a plurality of cuffs on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.
Priority Applications (1)
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE547576C (en) * | 1932-04-01 | Fischer Albert | Reinforced wooden beam | |
| JPH08312059A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-11-26 | Mie Haibuutsudo Kyodo Kumiai | Wood beam reinforced with different kinds of materials |
| JPH1086110A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-04-07 | Hironosuke Shiotani | Structural composite material reinforced by reinforcement |
| CN1267589A (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-09-27 | 段梦麟 | Making process of artificial ribbed board |
| WO2013080235A2 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Buildesign S.R.L. | Improved structural beam, structural system using said improved beam and construction method. |
| CN103603462A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-26 | 南京工业大学 | Combined beam of FRP, wood and steel reinforced concrete |
| CN103967217A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-08-06 | 北京工业大学 | T-shaped section light steel-small diameter wood combined bearing column and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108331253A (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2018-07-27 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of bamboo matter gluing box beam |
-
2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010244256.2A patent/CN113463833B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE547576C (en) * | 1932-04-01 | Fischer Albert | Reinforced wooden beam | |
| JPH08312059A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-11-26 | Mie Haibuutsudo Kyodo Kumiai | Wood beam reinforced with different kinds of materials |
| JPH1086110A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-04-07 | Hironosuke Shiotani | Structural composite material reinforced by reinforcement |
| CN1267589A (en) * | 1999-03-18 | 2000-09-27 | 段梦麟 | Making process of artificial ribbed board |
| WO2013080235A2 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-06-06 | Buildesign S.R.L. | Improved structural beam, structural system using said improved beam and construction method. |
| CN103603462A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-02-26 | 南京工业大学 | Combined beam of FRP, wood and steel reinforced concrete |
| CN103967217A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-08-06 | 北京工业大学 | T-shaped section light steel-small diameter wood combined bearing column and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108331253A (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2018-07-27 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of bamboo matter gluing box beam |
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| CN113463833B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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